Chapter 9 Managing Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining
1) About ________% of people working in the United States belong to unions.
A) 5
B) 12
C) 20
D) 45
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 247
Objective: Chapter objective 1
2) The decision to unionize may be based on ________.
A) fear of job loss
B) arbitrary management actions
C) increasing workload
D) All of the above.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 247
Objective: Chapter objective 1
3) The closed shop form of union security means that the ________.
A) company can hire nonunion people, but they must then join the union
B) company can hire only union members
C) employees who do not belong to the union must still pay dues
D) employees can decide whether to join the union and only those who join pay
dues
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
4) The ________ form of union security means that the company can hire only
union members.
A) closed shop
B) union shop
C) agency shop
D) maintenance of agreement
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
5) The union shop form of union security means that the ________.
A) company can hire nonunion people, but they must then join the union
B) company can hire only union members
C) employees who do not belong to the union must still pay dues
D) employees can decide whether to join the union and only those who join pay
dues
Answer: A
Diff: 2
1
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
6) The ________ form of union security means that the company can hire
nonunion people but those people must join the union within a prescribed period
of time.
A) closed shop
B) union shop
C) agency shop
D) open shop
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
7) The agency shop form of union security means that the ________.
A) company can hire nonunion people, but they must then join the union
B) company can hire only union members
C) employees who do not belong to the union must still pay dues
D) employees can decide whether to join the union and only those who join pay
dues
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
8) The ________ form of union security means that the employees who do not
belong to the union still must pay union dues because the union's efforts benefit
them all.
A) closed shop
B) union shop
C) agency shop
D) open shop
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
9) The ________ form of union security means that it is up to the workers
whether or not they join the union and only those who join must pay dues.
A) closed shop
B) union shop
C) agency shop
D) maintenance of membership
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 248
Skill: AACSB: Analytical Skills
Objective: Chapter objective 1
2
10) The ________ form of union security means that union members have
preference in hiring, but the employer can hire non-union members.
A) closed shop
B) union shop
C) agency shop
D) preferential shop
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
11) The term ________ describes statutory or constitutional provisions banning
the requirement of union membership as a condition of employment.
A) termination at will
B) right to work
C) open shop
D) free labor
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
12) Right to work laws inhibit union formation by ________.
A) outlawing unions in right to work states
B) prohibiting any form of union security
C) leaving the question of union affiliation up to each company
D) leaving the question of union security up to each company
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
13) In which human resource activity does a typical labor agreement give the
union a role?
A) recruitment
B) selection
C) dismissal
D) All of the above.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
14) The AFL-CIO is a ________.
A) voluntary federation of about 56 national and international labor unions made
up of many local unions
B) local union for automobile workers in Detroit, Michigan
C) federation of companies who fight unionization of their plants and facilities
D) regional form of the National Labor Relations Board
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
3
15) The ________ guaranteed each employee the right to bargain collectively free
from interference, restraint, or coercion.
A) National Labor Relations Act
B) Norris-LaGuardia Act
C) National Labor Relations Board
D) Taft-Hartley Act
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
16) A contract that allows management to require nonunion membership as a
condition for employment is called a ________ contract.
A) yellow dog
B) scaredy cat
C) yellow chicken
D) black dog
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
17) Prior to 1930, employers attempted to limit the influence of unions using all
of the following methods except:
A) spies.
B) collective bargaining.
C) firing union agitator.
D) blacklisting union members.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
18) The ________ banned certain unfair labor practices and provided for majority
rule by secret-ballot elections to determine whether a firm's employees would
unionize.
A) National Labor Relations Act
B) Norris-LaGuardia Act
C) AFL-CIO
D) Taft-Hartley Act
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
19) The ________ was established by the Wagner Act to enforce its provisions.
A) National Labor Relations Committee
B) Norris-LaGuardia Group
C) National Labor Relations Board
D) Knights of Labor
Answer: C
4
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
20) The Norris-LaGuardia Act ________.
A) guaranteed each employee the right to bargain collectively free from
interference, restraint, or coercion
B) made yellow dog contracts unenforceable
C) banned unions from restraining or coercing employees from exercising their
guaranteed bargaining rights
D) Both A and B.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
21) The Wagner Act ________.
A) guaranteed each employee the right to bargain collectively free from
interference, restraint, or coercion
B) made yellow dog contracts unenforceable
C) provided for secret-ballot elections for determining whether a firm's employees
would unionize
D) banned unions from restraining or coercing employees from exercising their
guaranteed bargaining rights
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
22) The National Labor Relations Act was also known as the ________.
A) Taft-Hartley Act
B) Gompers Act
C) Wagner Act
D) Landrum-Griffin Act
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
23) Which of the following was not named an unfair labor practice by the Wagner
Act?
A) bribing employees
B) yellow dog contracts
C) company spy systems
D) moving businesses to avoid unionization
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
5
24) In what year was the Wagner Act passed?
A) 1886
B) 1932
C) 1935
D) 1947
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
25) The Taft-Hartley Act limited unions in all of the following ways except:
A) prohibiting unfair labor practices.
B) establishing the National Labor Review board.
C) enumerating the rights of employees as union members.
D) enumerating the rights of employers.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 249
Objective: Chapter objective 1
26) Which law gave employers the right to express their views concerning union
organization?
A) Norris-LaGuardia Act
B) Taft-Hartley Act
C) Gompers Act
D) Landrum-Griffin Act
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 251
Objective: Chapter objective 1
27) Which law sought to protect union members from possible wrongdoing on the
part of their unions?
A) Norris-LaGuardia Act
B) Taft-Hartley Act
C) Wagner Act
D) Landrum-Griffin Act
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 252
Objective: Chapter objective 1
28) According to the Landrum-Griffin Act, national and international unions must
elect officers at least once every ________ years.
A) two
B) four
C) five
D) ten
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 252
Objective: Chapter objective 1
6
29) What is the first step in a union drive and election that seeks to be recognized
as an employee representative?
A) obtaining authorization cards
B) making initial contact
C) holding a hearing
D) holding an election
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 252
Objective: Chapter objective 2
30) ________ is an organizing tactic by which full-time undercover union
organizers are hired unknowingly by employers in order to sway union elections.
A) Union salting
B) Featherbedding
C) Espionage
D) Infiltration
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 253
Objective: Chapter objective 2
31) In which step of a union drive does the union seek employee signatures to
cards that state the employee has applied to join the union?
A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fifth
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 253
Objective: Chapter objective 2
32) How many steps does a drive to unionize a company have?
A) 5
B) 4
C) 3
D) 6
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 252
Objective: Chapter objective 2
33) What is the first step in the union drive and election?
A) initial contact
B) signing authorization cards
C) the hearing
D) the campaign
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 252
Objective: Chapter objective 2
7
34) What is the third step in the union drive and election?
A) initial contact
B) signing authorization cards
C) the hearing
D) the campaign
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 254
Objective: Chapter objective 2
35) What is the fourth step in the union drive and election?
A) initial contact
B) signing authorization cards
C) the hearing
D) the campaign
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 255
Objective: Chapter objective 2
36) What is the second step in the union drive and election?
A) initial contact
B) signing authorization cards
C) the hearing
D) the campaign
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 253
Objective: Chapter objective 2
37) What is the fifth step in the union drive and election?
A) the election
B) signing authorization cards
C) the hearing
D) the campaign
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 257
Objective: Chapter objective 2
38) What percentage of eligible employees in a bargaining unit must sign
authorization cards in order for the union to petition the NLRB for an election?
A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 50
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 253
Objective: Chapter objective 2
8
39) The typical union authorization card does all of the following except:
A) lets the union state they will seek better working conditions.
B) states that the union will seek to improve wages.
C) states that the employee will get better deals.
D) Authorization cards do all of the above.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 254
Objective: Chapter objective 2
40) A supervisor cannot do which of the following during a unionization drive?
A) threaten
B) bribe
C) promise previously unplanned pay increases or special favors
D) All of the above.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 254
Objective: Chapter objective 2
41) The ________ is the group of employees the union will be authorized to
represent.
A) bargaining unit
B) collective unit
C) unit
D) unitary principle
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 253
Objective: Chapter objective 2
42) Which of the following the supervisor can do during a unionization drive?
A) presents facts to employees
B) give opinions about whether unions will hurt
C) share personal experiences he or she had with a union
D) All of the above.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 254
Objective: Chapter objective 2
43) The union becomes the employees' representative if it wins the election and
winning means getting ________.
A) a majority of votes cast
B) a majority of the total workers in the bargaining unit
C) 30% of the employees to sign authorization cards
D) a majority of votes cast and a majority of electoral votes
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 257
Objective: Chapter objective 2
9
44) ________ is the process of legally terminating a union's right to represent
employees.
A) Union salting
B) Featherbedding
C) Certification
D) Decertification
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 257-258
Objective: Chapter objective 2
45) Which of the following is not a violation of the requirement for good faith
bargaining stipulated in the National Labor Relations Act?
A) surface bargaining
B) willingness to compromise
C) dilatory tactics
D) bypassing the union representative
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 258-259
Objective: Chapter objective 3
46) Which of the following is one of the categories set out by labor law as subject
to bargaining?
A) legal bargaining items
B) permissible bargaining items
C) non-mandatory bargaining items
D) benefits-related bargaining items
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 259
Objective: Chapter objective 3
47) Permissible bargaining items are ________.
A) a part of negotiations through joint agreement of both management and union
B) forbidden by law
C) items which must be negotiated according to law
D) All of the above.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 259
Objective: Chapter objective 3
48) All of the following are examples of mandatory bargaining items except:
A) wages.
B) hours.
C) severance pay.
D) pension benefits of retired employees.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 259
Objective: Chapter objective 3
10
49) All of the following are examples of permissible bargaining items except:
A) indemnity bonds.
B) use of union label.
C) overtime pay.
D) cafeteria prices.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 259
Objective: Chapter objective 3
50) Illegal bargaining items are ________.
A) a part of negotiations through joint agreement of both management and union
B) forbidden by law
C) items which must be negotiated according to law
D) All of the above.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 259
Objective: Chapter objective 3
51) Mandatory bargaining items are ________.
A) a part of negotiations through joint agreement of both management and union
B) forbidden by law
C) items which must be negotiated according to law
D) All of the above.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 259-260
Objective: Chapter objective 3
52) In collective bargaining, a(n) ________ occurs when the parties are not able
to move forward toward settlement.
A) impasse
B) agreement
C) arbitration
D) association
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 261
Skill: AACSB: Communication
Objective: Chapter objective 3
53) Negotiators use all of the following types of third-party interventions to
overcome an impasse except:
A) binding arbitration.
B) nonbinding arbitration.
C) mediation.
D) picketing.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261
Skill: AACSB: Communication
Objective: Chapter objective 3
11
54) Which third-party intervention uses a neutral third party to assist the
principals in reaching agreement?
A) fact finding
B) mediation
C) binding arbitration
D) non-binding arbitration
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261
Skill: AACSB: Communication
Objective: Chapter objective 3
55) Mediation to ________ is used by negotiators to end an impasse.
A) assist the principals in reaching an agreement
B) study the issue in a dispute
C) determine and dictate the settlement terms
D) interpret existing contract terms
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261
Skill: AACSB: Communication
Objective: Chapter objective 3
56) All of the following are negotiating guidelines except:
A) setting clear objectives
B) respecting the importance of face-saving for the other party
C) building a reputation for being fair but firm
D) never giving in to any demands
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 260-261
Objective: Chapter objective 3
57) Which intervention method listed below is the most definitive of all thirdparty interventions?
A) fact finding
B) mediation
C) binding arbitration
D) interest arbitration
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261
Objective: Chapter objective 3
58) Fact finding seeks to end an impasse by ________.
A) assisting the principals in reaching an agreement
B) studying the issue in a dispute and making a public recommendation
C) interpreting existing contract terms
D) communicating assessments of the likelihood of a strike
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261
Objective: Chapter objective 3
12
59) Which third-party intervention is commonly used in national emergency
disputes?
A) fact finding
B) mediation
C) binding arbitration
D) non-binding arbitration
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261
Objective: Chapter objective 3
60) Arbitration means ending an impasse by ________.
A) assisting the principals in reaching an agreement
B) studying the issue in a dispute
C) making a public recommendation
D) giving a third-party the power to determine and dictate the settlement terms
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261
Objective: Chapter objective 3
61) Which form of arbitration means that both parties are committed to accepting
the arbitrator's decision?
A) interest arbitration
B) binding arbitration
C) nonbinding arbitration
D) compulsory arbitration
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 261
Objective: Chapter objective 3
62) A(n) ________ strike results from a failure to agree on the terms of a contract.
A) unfair labor practice
B) wildcat
C) sympathy
D) economic
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 262
Objective: Chapter objective 3
63) The head of the United Auto Workers recently said the union planned a new
campaign to organize foreign-owned car plants in the United States. This is an
example of ________ strike/campaign.
A) unfair labor practice
B) wildcat
C) advocacy
D) yellow dog
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 262
Skill: AACSB: Analytical Skills
13
Objective: Chapter objective 3
64) Which type of strike is unauthorized and occurs during the term of a contract?
A) unfair labor practice
B) wildcat
C) sympathy
D) economic
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 262
Objective: Chapter objective 3
65) When employees picket their employer by carrying signs near the employer's
place of business they seek to ________.
A) encourage other employees to strike
B) inform the public of the labor dispute
C) arbitrate the positions of the union and management
D) All of the above.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 262
Objective: Chapter objective 3
66) Employers dealing with an unfair labor practice strike can use all of the
following responses except:
A) shut down the affected area until the strike ends.
B) contract out work to other operations.
C) continue operations with supervisors filling in.
D) hire permanent replacement workers.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 262
Objective: Chapter objective 3
67) Under which scenario must an employer rehire strikers who wish to be
reinstated?
A) following economic strikes if the negotiations were resolved
B) following sympathy strikes
C) following unfair labor practice strikes
D) following wildcat strikes when the contract is still in place
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 262
Objective: Chapter objective 3
68) Employees who go on strike risk losing their jobs permanently in all of the
following situations except:
A) economic strikes.
B) wildcat strikes.
C) sympathy strikes.
D) unfair labor practice strikes.
Answer: D
14
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 262
Objective: Chapter objective 3
69) Union tactics designed to impede or disrupt production by encouraging
employees to slow the pace of work, refuse to work overtime, and participate in
sick-outs are called ________.
A) espionage
B) inside games
C) lockouts
D) strikes
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 263
Objective: Chapter objective 3
70) A(n) ________ procedure provides an orderly system for both employer and
union to determine whether some action violated the contract and allows both
parties to interpret and give meaning to various clauses.
A) negotiation
B) collective bargaining
C) intervention
D) grievance
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 264
Objective: Chapter objective 3
71) Which of the ways below describe how unions are changing?
A) unions are trying to mobilize minorities
B) unions are trying class action suits
C) unions are coordinating their activities
D) All of the above.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 266
72) Union membership is declining.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 247
Objective: Chapter objective 1
73) Unions are only appropriate for blue-collar workers.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 265-266
Objective: Chapter objective 1
74) All states give unions the right to require union membership as a condition of
employment.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 265-266
Objective: Chapter objective 1
15
16
75) Right to work is a term used to describe state statutory or constitutional
provisions banning the requirement of union membership as a condition of
employment.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
76) Pay is always the issue as to why people unionize.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 247
Objective: Chapter objective 1
77) Unions are always bad for employers.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 267
78) In a drive to certify a union all five steps must be completed.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 254
Skill: AACSB: Analytical Skills
Objective: Chapter objective 2
79) Arbitration may not always be as impartial as thought.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261
Skill: AACSB: Ethical Reasoning
Objective: Chapter objective 3
80) Right to work laws outlaw unions and union membership.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
81) Most unionized workers belong to unions affiliated with the AFL-CIO.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 248
Objective: Chapter objective 1
82) The Taft-Hartley Act amended the National Labor Relations Act by limiting
unions in four ways.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 251
Objective: Chapter objective 1
17
83) The Landrum-Griffin Act made it lawful for employers to pay their own
employees to entice them not to join the union.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 251
Objective: Chapter objective 1
84) It is legal for union organizers to solicit employees for membership as long as
the effort does not endanger the performance or safety of the employees.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 253
Objective: Chapter objective 2
85) It is acceptable for an employer to refuse to hire a union member because as
members of the union they might be union salts even if he or she is qualified for
the position.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 253
Objective: Chapter objective 2
86) Most companies do contest the union's right to represent their employees
despite the authorization cards collected by the union.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 254-255
Objective: Chapter objective 2
87) The union wins the election if a majority of the total workers in a bargaining
unit vote for it.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 257
Objective: Chapter objective 2
88) Decertification campaigns to end union representation are in principle very
similar to the initial certification campaign that brought the union into power.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 257-258
Objective: Chapter objective 3
89) Ignoring bargaining items is a good strategy for negotiating with labor unions
while staying within the limits of good faith bargaining.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 258-259
Objective: Chapter objective 3
90) One party can obligate the other party to negotiate over permissible items if
the employees agree to it.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 259
Objective: Chapter objective 3
18
19
91) Mediation guarantees a solution to any impasse that may occur during
collective bargaining negotiations.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261
Objective: Chapter objective 3
92) Employers can replace strikers permanently unless the strike is based on
unfair labor practices.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 263
Objective: Chapter objective 3
93) Generally, lockouts are not viewed by the NLRB as an unfair labor practice.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 263
Objective: Chapter objective 3
94) What is the meaning of union security and what are the five types of union
security possible? Explain each type.
Answer: Union security refers to the right to represent a firm's workers and to be
the exclusive bargaining agent for all employees in the unit. The five types of
union security are closed shop, union shop, agency shop, open shop, and
maintenance of membership agreement. In the closed shop form, the company can
hire only union members. In the union shop form, the company can hire nonunion
people, but those people must join the union after a prescribed period of time and
pay dues. In the agency shop form, employees who do not belong to the union
still must pay union dues on the assumption that the union's efforts benefit all the
workers. In an open shop situation, it is up to the workers whether or not they join
the union. If they do not join, they do not have to pay dues. In the final type,
maintenance of membership agreement, employees do not have to belong to the
union, but union members employed by the firm must maintain union
membership for the period of their contract.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 248
Skill: AACSB: Communication
Objective: Chapter objective 1
20
95) Identify the five labor practices used by employers that the Wagner Act
deemed unfair and considered "statutory wrongs."
Answer:
• It is unfair for employers to interface with, restrain, or coerce employees in
exercising their legally sanctioned right of self-organization.
• It is unfair practice for company representatives to dominate or interfere with
either the formation or the administration of labor unions. This includes the use of
bribing employees, using company spies, moving a business to avoid
unionization, and blacklisting union sympathizers.
• Employers are prohibited from discriminating in any way against employees for
their legal union activities.
• Employers are forbidden to discharge or discriminate against employees simply
because the latter file unfair practice charges against the company.
• It is an unfair labor practice for employers to refuse to bargain collectively with
their employees' duly chosen representatives.
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 249
Skill: AACSB: Communication
Objective: Chapter objective 1
96) List and describe the five steps involved in planning a union drive and
election.
Answer: The five basic steps include 1) make initial contact, 2) obtain
authorization cards, 3) hold a hearing, 4) hold a campaign, and 5) hold an
election. In the initial contact stage, the union determines the employees' interest
in organizing and establishes an organizing committee. In step two, the union
organizers try to get the employees to sign authorization cards to authorize the
union to seek a representation election and state that the employee has applied to
join the union. Thirty percent of the eligible employees in an appropriate
bargaining unit must sign before the union can petition the National Labor
Review Board for an election.
Once the union collects the authorization cards, it enters the third stage. In this
stage, three things can occur. First, the employer may choose not to contest union
recognition and the parties need no hearing. A special consent election is held.
Second, the employer may choose to recognize the union's right to an election and
the parties can immediately stipulate an election. Third, the employer may choose
to contest the union's right and insist on a hearing to determine those issues. If a
hearing is held and the results of the hearing are favorable for the union, the
NLRB will order holding an election. In the fourth stage, a campaign will be held
for the respective employer and union to appeal to employees for their votes. The
election is held within 30-60 days after the NLRB issues its Decision and
Direction of Election. The election is by secret ballot. The union wins if it gets a
majority of the votes cast.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 252-257
Skill: AACSB: Communication
Objective: Chapter objective 2
21
97) What does the typical union authorization card do?
Answer: It lets the union seek a representative election if at least 30% of
employees sign. It designates the union as a bargaining representative in all
employment matters. It states that the employee has applied for membership in
the union and that the employee will be subject to union rules and by-laws.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 253-254
Skill: AACSB: Communication
Objective: Chapter objective 2
98) In the case of an impasse during the collective bargaining negotiations, what
can be done to overcome the impasse? Define each form of intervention.
Answer: Negotiators use three types of third party interventions to overcome an
impasse: mediation, fact-finding, and arbitration. With mediation, a neutral third
party tries to assist the principals in reaching an agreement. This includes holding
meeting with each party to determine their respective positions. The mediator
serves as a go-between and does not have authority to dictate terms or make
concessions. He or she can communicate his or her opinions as to the likelihood
of a strike. A fact finder is a neutral party who studies the issues in a dispute and
makes a public recommendation for a reasonable settlement. This is commonly
used in national emergency disputes. Arbitration offers the arbitrator the power to
determine and dictate the settlement terms. If the arbitration is binding, both
parties are committed to accepting the decision of the arbitrator.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 261-263
Skill: AACSB: Communication
Objective: Chapter objective 3
99) List and define the four main types of strikes.
Answer: The four main types of strikes are economic, wildcat, sympathy, and
unfair labor practice strikes. Economic strikes result from a failure to agree on the
terms of a contract. Unions call unfair labor practice strikes to protest illegal
conduct by the employer. A wildcat strike is an unauthorized strike occurring
during the term of a contract. A sympathy strike occurs when one union strikes in
support of the strike of another union.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 262
Objective: Chapter objective 3
100) Name five sections covered by a typical contract agreement.
Answer: The following sections are typically covered in a contract agreement: 1)
management rights, 2) union security, 3) grievance procedures, 4) arbitration of
grievances, 5) disciplinary procedures, 6) compensation rates, 7) hours of work
and overtime, 8) benefits including vacations, holidays, insurance, and pensions,
9) health and safety provisions, 10) employee security seniority provisions, and
11) the contract expiration date.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 263
Objective: Chapter objective 3
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