Table S1: summary of information used to map major development genes.
Gene
Ppd-A1
Ppd-B1
Ppd-D1
Chromosome
2AS
2BS
2DS
Rht-B1
4BS
Rht-D1
4DS
Vrn-A1
5AL
Vrn-B1
Vrn-A2
5BL
5AL
Vrn-B2
Vrn-D2
Vrn-A3
Vrn-B3
Vrn-D3
4BL
4DL
7AS
7BS
7DS
Vrn-D4
5DS
Population
Avalon/Cadenza
Récital/Renan (as a QTL)
Arche/Récital
Intrada/Cimarron
Sunco/Tasman
SQ1/Chinese Spring
Arche/Récital
Sunco/Tasman
Consensus map
Arche/Récital
SQ1/Chinese Spring (as a QTL)
Diamant/Mironovskaya 808 5A/Bezostaya 1
Récital/Renan
Arche/Récital
Renan/Récital
Synthetic/Opata
Courtot/Chinese Spring
Chinese Spring/CS(Hope)
Courtot/Chinese Spring
Intrada/Cimarron
TDF-J/Hayakomugi
TDF-J/CS(5D5402)
Reference
Griffiths et al 2009
Hanocq et al 2004
J. Le Gouis (pers. Comm.)
Wang et al 2009
Ellis et al 2002
Quarrie et al 2005
Laperche et al 2007
Ellis et al 2002
Somers et al 2004
J. Le Gouis (pers. Comm.)
Quarrie et al 2005
Leonova et al 2003
S. Praud (pers. comm.)
S. Praud (pers. comm.)
S. Praud (pers. comm.)
S. Praud (pers. comm.)
Bonnin et al 2008
Yan et al 2006
Bonnin et al 2008
Wang et al 2009
Yioshida et al 2010
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polymorphisms are associated with the variation of earliness components in hexaploid wheat. Theoretical and
Applied Genetics 116: 383-394
Ellis MH, Spielmeyer W, Gale MD, Rebetzke GJ, Richards RA (2002) "Perfect" markers for the Rht-B1b and
Rht-D1b dwarfing genes in wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 105: 1038-1042
Griffths S, Simmonds J, Leverington M, Wang Y, Fish L, Sayers L, Alibert L, Orford S, Wingen L, Herry L,
Faure S, Laurie D, Bilham L, Snape J (2009) Meta-QTL analysis of the genetic control of ear emergence in
elite European winter wheat germplasm. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 119: 383-395
Hanocq E, Niarquin M, Heumez E, Rousset M, Le Gouis J (2004) Detection and mapping of QTL for earliness
components in a bread wheat recombinant inbred lines population. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 110:
106-115
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Using genotype x nitrogen interaction variables to evaluate the QTL involved in wheat tolerance to nitrogen
constraints. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 115: 399-415
Leonova I, Pestsova E, Salina E, Efremova T, Röder M, Börner A, Fischbeck G (2003) Mapping of the Vrn-B1
gene in Triticum aestivum using microsatellite markers. Plant Breeding 122: 209-212
Quarrie SA, Steed A, Calestani C, Semikhodskii A, Lebreton C, Chinoy C, Steele N, Plevljakusi D, Waterman
E, Weyen J, Schondelmaier J, Habash DZ, Farmer P, Saker L, Clarkson DT, Abugalieva A, Yessimbekova
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vernalization gene located on the centromeric region of chromosome 5D in hexaploid wheat. Theoretical and
Applied Genetics 120: 543–552
Table S4: summary of available QTL detections for earliness (updated from Hanocq et al. 2007). For each chromosome, the number of QTL detected
is reported.
Sources
Genetic material
Pop size
1A
1B
1D
2A
-
-
-
-
2B
2D
3A
3B
3D
-
-
-
-
-
1
3
4A
4B
4D
5A
5B
-
-
-
2
-
1
1
Galiba et al. 1995
CS(T.spelta 5A)/CS
119
Börner et al. 2002
Opata85/W7984
114
Shindo et al. 2002
RILWA-1
115
Gervais et al. 2003
Renan/Récital
194
Hanocq et al. 2003
Arche/Récital
241
Kulwal et al. 2003
Opata85/W7984
110
Leonova et al. 2003
Diamant(Mironovskaya 8085A)/Bezostaya 1
160
Shindo et al. 2003
CS/T.spelta
66
5
Sourdille et al. 2003
Courtot/CS
187
2
Toth et al. 2003
CS/CS(Cheyenne5B)
61
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
Toth et al. 2003
Hobbit Sib/Hobbit Sib(CS 5BL)
76
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
Hanocq et al. 2004
Renan/Récital
194
4
2
2
2
1
1
1
Kuchel et al. 2006
Trident/Molineux
182
3
1
4
Habash et al. 2007
CS/SQ1
95
1
Lin et al. 2008
Nanda 2419/Wangshuibai
Pankova et al. 2008
Sandra//Sandra 3B/Sandra(CP 3B)
99
Pankova et al. 2008
Zlatka//Zlatka 3B/Zlatka(CP 3B)
117
Baga et al. 2009
Norstar/winter Manitou
142
2
Griffiths et al. 2009
Avalon/Cadenza
202
3
Griffiths et al. 2009
Charger/Badger
93
3
Griffiths et al. 2009
Spark/Rialto
129
3
Griffiths et al. 2009
Savannah/Rialto
126
Wang et al. 2009
Heshangmai/Yu8679
142
Wang et al. 2009
Intrada/Cimarron
115
Zhang et al. 2009
Huapei 3/Yumai 57
168
Chen et al. 2010
Jagger/2174
96
1
Carter et al. 2011
Louise/Penawawa
188
1
Bogard et al 2011
CF9107/Toisondor
140
J. Le Gouis (unpubl)
Apache/Ornicar
189
G. Charmet (unpubl)
Eurêka/Renan
152
2
5D
6A
6B
6D
7A
7B
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
7D
1
3
1
1
4
1
-
230
-
-
-
3
-
4
2
3
1
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
5
1
2
1
1
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
3
1
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
3
1
4
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
3
1
1
1
3
10
9
4
6
3
2
2
2
10
2
3
5
6
8
3
5
6
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
6
10
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
2
-
4
1
3
-
1
3
2
1
5
3
1
2
1
1
2
-
2
6
3
3
-
6
1
10
-
1
1
5
-
1
7
1
1
3
1
2
1
9
Baga M, Fowler BD, Chibbar RN (2009) Identification of genomic regions determining the phenological
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3575-3585
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senescence, grain yield and grain protein concentration in a winter wheat population segregating for
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resistance (Fr1) genes on chromosome 5A of wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 90: 1174-1179
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106-115
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Table S5: linkage disequilibrium estimated by the R² between candidate genes (Rousset et al.
2011) and the closest marker based on the consensus map.
Gene§
Vrn-1Apr
Vrn-1Aex7
Vrn-1Bint1
Vrn-1Dint1
Vrn-3AY
Vrn-3AK
Vrn-3A(TG)
Vrn-3D(G)
GI-1BY
LD-1BY
LD-1BM
CO-1AK
CO-1B(G)
§See
Chromosome
5A
5A
5B
5D
7A
7A
7A
7D
3B
3B
3B
6A
6B
Marker
wPt-1370
wPt-1370
wPt-0484
wPt-4515
wPt-4515
wPt-4515
gpw4129
wmc231
wPt-9510
wPt-9368
cfe273
wPt-4930
Rousset et al (2011) for gene and polymorphism explanations
LD (R²)
0.015
0.008
0.047
0.150
0.483
0.092
0.058
0.128
0.088
0.038
0.306
0.015
Pvalue
0.0120
0.2390
0.0026
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0002
0.0000
0.0000
0.0058
0.0000
0.1069