CHAPTER 14
PARTNERSHIPS: FORMATION AND OPERATION
Answers to Questions
1. The advantages of operating a business as a partnership include the ease of formation and
the avoidance of the double taxation effect that inherently reduces the profits distributed to
the owners of a corporation. In addition, since the losses of a partnership pass, for tax
purposes, directly through to the owners, partnerships have historically been used
(especially in certain industries) to reduce or defer income taxes.
Several disadvantages also accrue from the partnership format. Each general partner, for
example, has unlimited liability for all debts of the business. This potential liability can be
especially significant in light of the concept of mutual agency, the right that each partner has
to create liabilities in the name of the partnership. Because of the risks created by unlimited
liability and mutual agency, the growth potential of most partnerships is severely limited.
Few people are willing to become general partners in an organization unless they can
maintain some day-to-day contact and control over the business.
Further discussion of these issues can be found in the Answer to the first Discussion
Question that appears above.
2. Specific partnership accounting problems center in the equity (or capital) section of the
balance sheet. In a corporation, stockholders' equity is divided between earned capital and
contributed capital. Conversely, for a partnership, each partner has an individual capital
account that is not differentiated according to its sources. Virtually all accounting issues
encountered purely in connection with the partnership format are related to recording and
maintaining these capital balances.
3. The balance in each partner's capital account measures that partner's interest in the book
value of the business’ net assets. This figure arises from contributions, earnings, drawings,
and other capital transactions.
4. A Subchapter S corporation is formed legally as a corporation so that its owners enjoy
limited legal liability and easy transferability of ownership. However, if a company qualifies
and becomes a Subchapter S Corporation, it will be taxed in virtually the same manner as a
partnership. Hence, income will be taxed only once and that is to the owners at the time that
it is earned by the corporation.
Use of this designation is quite restricted. To qualify as a Subchapter S Corporation, a
company can only have one class of stock and must have no more than 100 owners. These
owners can only be individuals, estates, certain tax-exempt entities, and certain types of
trusts. Most corporations that do not qualify as Subchapter S Corporations are automatically
Subchapter C Corporations. These entities are also corporations but they pay income taxes
when the income is earned. Additionally, the owners are liable for a second income tax
when dividends are distributed to them. Thus, the income earned by a Subchapter C
Corporation faces the double taxation effect commonly associated with corporations.
5. In a general partnership, each partner can have unlimited liability for the debts of the
business. Therefore, a partner may face a significant risk, especially in connection with the
actions and activities of other partners. However, general partnerships are easy to form and
often serve well in smaller businesses where all partners know each other. The major
advantage of a general partnership is that all income earned by the business is only taxed
once when earned by the business so that no second tax is incurred when distributions are
made to owners.
A limited liability partnership (LLP) is very similar to a general partnership except in the
method by which a partner’s liability is measured. In an LLP, the partners can still lose their
entire investment and be held responsible for all contractual debts of the business such as
loans. However, partners cannot be held responsible for damages caused by other
partners. For example, if one partner carelessly causes damage and is sued, the other
partners are not held responsible.
A limited liability company can now be created in certain situations. This type of organization
is classified as a partnership for tax purposes so that the double-taxation effect is avoided.
However, the liability of the owners is limited to their individual investments like a
Subchapter C Corporation. Depending on state law, the number of owners is not restricted
in the same manner as a Subchapter S Corporation so that there is a greater potential for
growth.
6. The Articles of Partnership is a legal agreement that should be created as a prerequisite for
the formation of a partnership. This document defines the rights and responsibilities of the
partners in relation to the business and in relation to each other. Thus, it serves as a
governing document for the partnership. The Articles of Partnership may contain any
number of provisions but should normally specify each of the following:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Name and address of each partner
Business location
Description of the nature of the business
Rights and responsibilities of each partner
Initial investment to be made by each partner along with the method to be used for
valuation
f. Specific method by which profits and losses are to be allocated
g. Periodic withdrawals to be allowed each partner
h. Procedure for admitting new partners
i. Method for arbitrating partnership disputes
j. Method for settling a partner's share in the business upon withdrawal, retirement, or
death
7. To give fair recognition to noncash contributions, all assets donated by the partners (such
as land or inventory) should be recorded by the partnership at their fair values at the date of
investment. However, for taxation purposes, the partner’s book value is retained.
8. In forming a partnership, one or more of the partners may be contributing some factor (such
as an established clientele or an expertise) which is not viewed normally as an asset in the
traditional accounting sense. In effect, the partner will be receiving a larger capital balance
than the identifiable contributions would warrant.
The bonus method of recording this transaction is to value and record only the identifiable
assets such as land and buildings. The capital accounts are then aligned to recognize the
proportionate interest being assigned to each partner's investment. If, for example, the
capital balances are to be equal, they are set at identical amounts that correspond in total to
the value of the identifiable assets.
As an alternative, the amounts contributed along with the established capital percentages
can be used to determine mathematically the implied total value of the business and the
presence of any goodwill brought into the business. This goodwill is recognized at the time
that the partnership is created so that the amount can be credited to the appropriate
partner.
9. The Drawing account measures the amount of assets that a particular partner takes from
the business during the current period. Often, only regularly allowed distributions are
recorded in the Drawing account with larger, more sporadic withdrawals being recorded as
direct reductions to the partner's capital balance.
10. At the end of each fiscal year, when revenues and expenses are closed out, some
assignment must be made of the resulting income figure since a partnership will have two or
more capital accounts rather than a single retained earnings balance. This allocation to the
capital accounts is based on the agreement established by the partners preferably as a part
of the Articles of Partnership.
11. The allocation process can be based on any number of factors. The actual assignment of
income should be designed to give fair and equitable treatment to each of the partners.
Often, an interest factor is used to reward the capital investment of the partners. A salary
allowance is utilized as a means of recognizing the amount of time worked by an individual
or a certain degree of business expertise. The allocation process can be further refined by a
ratio that is either divided evenly among the partners or weighted in favor of one or more
members.
12. If agreement as to the allocation of income has not been specified, an equal division among
all partners is presumed. If an agreement has been reached for assigning profits but no
mention is made concerning losses, the assumption is made that the same method is
intended in either case.
13. The dissolution of a partnership is the breakup or cessation of the partnership. Many
reasons can exist for a partnership to dissolve. One partner may withdraw, retire, or die. A
new partner may be admitted to the partnership. The original partnership terminates
whenever the identity of the individuals serving as partners has changed.
Dissolution, however, does not necessarily lead to the liquidation of the business. In most
cases, but not all, a new partnership is formed which takes over the business. Such
dissolutions are no more than changes in the composition of the ownership and should not
affect operations.
14. A new partner can join a partnership by acquiring part or all of the interest of one or more of
the present partners. This transaction is carried out with the individual partners directly and
not with the partnership. A new partner may also enter through a contribution to the
business. In such cases, the investment is made to the partnership rather than to the
individuals.
15. In selling an interest in a partnership, three rights are conveyed to the new owner:
a. The right of co-ownership of the business property;
b. The right to a specified allocation of profits and losses generated by the partnership's
business; and
c. The right to participate in the management of the business.
No problem exists in selling or assigning the first two of these rights. However, the right to
participate in management decisions can only be transferred with the consent of all
partners.
16. Any goodwill being recognized in a capital transaction that is allocated to the original
partners is based on the profit and loss ratio. The amount is assumed to represent
unrealized gains in the value of the business. To determine the amount of goodwill, the
implied value of the business as a whole must be calculated based on the price being paid
for a portion by the new partner. The difference between this implied value and the total
capital is assumed to be goodwill or some other adjustment to asset value.
17. Allocating goodwill to an entering partner may be necessary for several reasons. One of the
most common is that the partner is bringing to the partnership an attribute that is not an
asset in the traditional accounting sense. For example, a new partner with an excellent
business reputation might be credited with goodwill at the time of entrance. Other factors
such as an established clientele or a professional expertise can justify attributing goodwill to
the new partner. The partnership might make this same concession to an entering partner if
cash is urgently needed by the business and a larger share of the capital has to be offered
as an enticement to generate the new investment.
18. Book values in most cases measure historical cost expenditures which often have
undergone years of allocation and changes in value. For this reason, book value will
frequently fail to mirror or even resemble the actual worth of a business. In addition, the
goodwill that is assumed to be present in a business as a going concern is not a factor that
is always reflected within book values. Therefore, distributing partnership property to a
withdrawing partner based on book value would not necessarily be fair. Hence, the Articles
of Partnership should spell out a method by which an equitable settlement can be achieved.
Answers to Problems
1. B
2. C
3. C Mary Ann's investment is equal to 1/3 of the total capital ($50,000/$150,000).
However, she is receiving a smaller capital balance, only a 1/4 interest. One
explanation for this difference is that the business assets may be worth
more than book value. To achieve agreement, the net assets could be
valued upward to fair value with the adjustment recorded to the capital
accounts of the original partners. As an alternative, a bonus could be
credited to the original partners.
4. D The implied value of the company based on the new contribution is only
$233,333 ($70,000/30%) which is below the total of the capital balances
($280,000 in original capital plus $70,000 to be invested). Thus, either the
assets are overvalued or the new partner is also contributing goodwill.
Since the problem indicates that goodwill is being recognized, that figure
must be computed. Note that the $70,000 is going into the business and,
thus, increases capital.
Danville's investment
$70,000 + Goodwill
$70,000 + Goodwill
.70 Goodwill
Goodwill
Danville's Investment (Capital)
=
=
=
=
=
=
30% (Original Capital Plus Danville's Investment)
.30 ($280,000 + $70,000 + Goodwill)
$105,000 + .30 Goodwill
$35,000
$50,000
$70,000 + $50,000 or $120,000
5. C The implied value of the company is $800,000 ($200,000/25%). Since the
current capital total is only $600,000, goodwill of $200,000 must be
recognized. Oscar's investment is going to the partners so that it does not
affect the capital total directly. Of the $200,000 in goodwill, 30 percent or
$60,000 is attributed to Jethro which brings that capital balance to
$260,000. Since a 25 percent interest is being conveyed to the new partner,
Jethro's balance will then decrease by 25% or $65,000—a drop to $195,000.
6. B Total capital is $200,000 ($110,000 + $40,000 + $50,000) after the new
investment. As Kansas's portion is to be 30 percent, the capital balance
would be $60,000 ($200,000 × 30%). Since only $50,000 was paid, a bonus
of $10,000 must be taken from the two original partners based on their
profit and loss ratio: Bolcar – $7,000 (70%) and Neary – $3,000 (30%). The
reduction drops Neary's capital balance from $40,000 to $37,000.
7. B Total capital is $270,000 ($120,000 + $90,000 + $60,000) after the new
investment. However, the implied value of the business based on the new
investment is $300,000 ($60,000/20%). Thus, goodwill of $30,000 must be
recognized with the offsetting allocation to the original partners based on
their profit and loss ratio: Bishop – $18,000 (60%) and Cotton $12,000
(40%). The increase raises Cotton's capital from $90,000 to $102,000.
8. A Total capital is $450,000 ($210,000 + $140,000 + $100,000) after the new
investment. As Claudius's portion is to be 20 percent, the new capital
balance would be $90,000 ($450,000 × 20%). Since $100,000 was paid, a
bonus of $10,000 is being given to the two original partners based on their
profit and loss ratio: Messalina – $6,000 (60%) and Romulus – $4,000 (40%).
The increase raises Messalina's capital balance from $210,000 to $216,000
and Romulus's capital balance from $140,000 to $144,000.
9. D ASSIGNMENT OF INCOME—2007
Interest—10% of
beginning capital ..............
Salary .......................................
Allocation of remaining income
($6,000 divided on a 3:3:4 basis)
Totals ...........................
ARTHUR
BAXTER
CARTWRIGHT
TOTAL
$ 6,000
$ 8,000
20,000
$10,000
$24,000
20,000
1,800
$ 7,800
1,800
$29,800
2,400
$12,400
6,000
$50,000
STATEMENT OF CAPITAL—2007
Beginning capital ...................
Net income (above) ................
Drawings (given) ....................
Ending capital ........................
ARTHUR
BAXTER
$60,000
7,800
(5,000)
$62,800
$80,000
29,800
(5,000)
$104,800
CARTWRIGHT
TOTAL
$100,000 $240,000
12,400
50,000
(5,000) (15,000)
$107,400 $275,000
10. A ASSIGNMENT OF INCOME—YEAR ONE
WINSTON
Interest—10% of
beginning capital ..............
$11,000
Salary .......................................
20,000
Allocation of remaining loss
($80,000 divided on a 5:2:3 basis) (40,000)
Totals ...........................
$(9,000)
DURHAM
SALEM
TOTAL
$ 8,000
-0-
$11,000
10,000
$30,000
30,000
(16,000)
$ (8,000)
(24,000) (80,000)
$ (3,000) $(20,000)
STATEMENT OF CAPITAL—YEAR ONE
WINSTON
Beginning capital ...................
Net loss (above) .....................
Drawings (given) ....................
Ending capital ...................
$110,000
(9,000)
(10,000)
$ 91,000
DURHAM
$80,000
(8,000)
(10,000)
$62,000
SALEM
TOTAL
$110,000 $300,000
(3,000) (20,000)
(10,000) (30,000)
$ 97,000 $250,000
10. (continued)
ASSIGNMENT OF INCOME—YEAR TWO
WINSTON
Interest—10% of
beginning capital ..............
$ 9,100
Salary .......................................
20,000
Allocation of remaining loss
($15,000 divided on a 5:2:3 basis)
(7,500)
Totals ...........................
$21,600
DURHAM
SALEM
TOTAL
$ 6,200
-0-
$ 9,700
10,000
$25,000
30,000
(3,000)
$3,200
(4,500) (15,000)
$15,200 $ 40,000
STATEMENT OF CAPITAL—YEAR TWO
Beginning capital (above) .....
Net income (above) ................
Drawings (given) ....................
Ending capital ...................
WINSTON
DURHAM
$ 91,000
21,600
(10,000)
$102,600
$62,000
3,200
(10,000)
$55,200
SALEM
TOTAL
$ 97,000 $250,000
15,200
40,000
(10,000) (30,000)
$102,200 $260,000
11. A A $10,000 bonus is paid to Costello ($100,000 is paid rather than the
$90,000 capital balance). This bonus is deducted from the two remaining
partners according to their profit and loss ratio (2:3). A reduction of 60
percent (3/5) is assigned to Burns or a decrease of $6,000 which drops that
partner’s capital balance from $30,000 to $24,000.
12. D Craig receives an additional $10,000. Since Craig is assigned 20 percent of
all profits and losses, this allocation indicates total goodwill of $50,000.
20% of Goodwill = $10,000
.20 G = $10,000
G = $10,000/.20
G = $50,000
Montana is assigned 30% of all profits and losses and would, therefore,
record $15,000 of this goodwill, an entry that raises this partner's capital
balance from $130,000 to $145,000.
13. A The implied value of the company is $900,000 ($270,000/30%). Since the
money is going to the partners rather than into the business, the capital
total is $490,000 before realigning the balances. Hence, goodwill of
$410,000 must be recognized based on the implied value ($900,000 –
$490,000). This goodwill is assumed to represent unrealized business
gains and is attributed to the original partners according to their profit and
loss ratio. They will then each convey 30 percent ownership of the $900,000
partnership to Darrow for a capital balance of $270,000.
14. D Since the money goes into the business, total capital becomes $740,000
($490,000 + $250,000). Darrow is allotted 30 percent of this total or
$222,000. Because Darrow invested $250,000, the extra $28,000 is assumed
to be a bonus to the original partners. Jennings will be assigned 40 percent
of this extra amount or $11,200. This bonus increases Jennings’ capital
from $160,000 to $171,200.
15. (10 Minutes) (Compute capital balances under both goodwill and bonus
methods)
a. Goodwill Method
Implied value of partnership ($80,000/40%) .................
Total capital after investment ($70,000 + $40,000 + $80,000)
Goodwill ..........................................................................
$200,000
190,000
$ 10,000
Goodwill to Hamlet (7/10) ..............................................
$
Goodwill to MacBeth (3/10) ...........................................
$ 3,000
Hamlet, capital (original balance plus goodwill) .........
$ 77,000
MacBeth, capital (original balance plus goodwill) ......
$ 43,000
Lear, capital (payment) (40% of total capital) ..............
$ 80,000
b. Bonus Method
Total capital after investment ($70,000 + 40,000 + $80,000)
Ownership portion—Lear ..............................................
Lear, capital ....................................................................
7,000
$190,000
40%
$ 76,000
Bonus payment made by Lear ($80,000 – $76,000) ......
$
4,000
Bonus to Hamlet (7/10) ..................................................
$
2,800
Bonus to MacBeth (3/10) ...............................................
$
1,200
Hamlet, capital (original balance plus bonus) .............
$ 72,800
MacBeth, capital (original balance plus bonus) ..........
$ 41,200
Lear, capital (40% of total capital) ................................
$ 76,000
16. (15 Minutes) (Prepare journal entries to record admission of new partner under
both the goodwill and the bonus methods)
Part a.
Total capital is $300,000 ($85,000 + $60,000 + $55,000 + $100,000) after the
new investment. As Sergio's portion is 25 percent, this partner's capital
balance would be $75,000. Since $100,000 was paid, a bonus of $25,000 is
given to the three original partners based on their profit and loss ratio:
Tiger—$12,500 (50%), Phil—$7,500 (30%), and Ernie—$5,000 (20%).
Cash ..........................................................................
Sergio, Capital .....................................................
Tiger, Capital .......................................................
Phil, Capital ..........................................................
Ernie, Capital .......................................................
100,000
75,000
12,500
7,500
5,000
Part b.
Total capital is $260,000 ($85,000 + $60,000 + $55,000 + $60,000) after the
new investment. As Sergio's portion is to be 25 percent, this partner's
capital balance would be $65,000. Because only $60,000 was paid, a bonus
of $5,000 is taken from the three original partners based on their profit and
loss ratio: Tiger—$2,500 (50%), Phil—$1,500 (30%), and Ernie—$1,000
(20%).
Cash ..........................................................................
Tiger, Capital .............................................................
Phil, Capital ...............................................................
Ernie, Capital ............................................................
Sergio, Capital .....................................................
60,000
2,500
1,500
1,000
65,000
Part c.
Total capital is $272,000 ($85,000 + $60,000 + $55,000 + $72,000) after the
new investment. However, the implied value of the business based on the
new investment is $288,000 ($72,000/25%). Consequently, goodwill of
$16,000 must be recognized with the offsetting allocation to the original
partners based on their profit and loss ratio: Tiger—$8,000 (50%), Phil—
$4,800 (30%), and Ernie—$3,200 (20%).
Goodwill ...................................................................
Tiger, Capital .......................................................
Phil, Capital ..........................................................
Ernie, Capital .......................................................
Cash ...........................................................................
Sergio, Capital .....................................................
16,000
8,000
4,800
3,200
72,000
72,000
17. (16 Minutes) (Determine capital balances after admission of new partner using
both goodwill and bonus methods)
Part a.
Total capital is $490,000 ($200,000 + $120,000 + $90,000 + $80,000) after the
new investment. However, the implied value of the business based on the
new investment is only $444,444 ($80,000/18%). According to the goodwill
method, this situation indicates that the new partner must be bringing
some intangible attribute to the partnership other than just cash. This
contribution must be computed algebraically and is recorded as goodwill
to the new partner.
G's Investment = .18 ($200,000 + $120,000 + $90,000 + G's Investment)
$80,000 + Goodwill = .18 ($410,000 + $80,000 + Goodwill)
$80,000 + Goodwill = $88,200 + .18 Goodwill
.82 Goodwill = $8,200
Goodwill = $10,000
The above goodwill balance indicates that Grant's total investment is
$90,000 (cash of $80,000 and goodwill of $10,000). A $90,000 contribution
raises the total capital to $500,000 so that Grant does, indeed, have an 18
percent interest ($90,000/$500,000).
CAPITAL BALANCES:
Nixon ....................................................................
Hoover ..................................................................
Polk ....................................................................
Grant ....................................................................
$200,000
120,000
90,000
90,000
Part b.
Total capital is $510,000 ($200,000 + $120,000 + $90,000 + $100,000) after
the new investment. As Grant's portion is to be 20 percent, this partner's
capital balance will be $102,000. Since only $100,000 was paid, a bonus of
$2,000 is taken from the three original partners based on their profit and
loss ratio: Nixon—$1,000 (50%), Hoover—$400 (20%), and Polk—$600
(30%).
CAPITAL BALANCES
Original
Nixon ....................
Hoover ..................
Polk .......................
Grant .....................
Total ................
$200,000
120,000
90,000
-0-
Investment
100,000
Bonus
$(1,000)
( 400)
( 600)
2,000
Total
$199,000
119,600
89,400
102,000
$510,000
18. (8 Minutes) (Record admission of new partner and allocation of new income)
Part a.
Total capital is $336,000 ($150,000 + $110,000 + $76,000) after the new
investment. However, the implied value of the business based on the new
investment is $380,000 ($76,000/20%). Consequently, goodwill of $44,000
must be recognized with the offsetting allocation to the original two
partners based on their profit and loss ratio: Com—$26,400 (60%) and
Pack—$17,600 (40%).
Goodwill ................................................................
Com, Capital ...................................................
Pack, Capital ..................................................
Cash ....................................................................
Hal, Capital .....................................................
44,000
26,400
17,600
76,000
76,000
Part b.
Interest ..................................
Remaining loss .....................
Income allocation ...........
Com
$17,640
(1,000)
$16,640
Pack
$12,760
(600)
$12,160
Hal
$7,600
(400)
$7,200
Total
$38,000
(2,000)
$36,000
Lane
-045,000
(6,000)
$39,000
Total
$18,000
90,000
(18,000)
$90,000
19. (5 Minutes) (Allocation of income to partners)
Jones
Bonus (20%) .........................
$18,000
Interest (15% of average capital) 15,000
Remaining loss ($18,000) ...
(6,000)
Income assignment .............
$27,000
King
-030,000
(6,000)
$24,000
$
$
20. (15 Minutes) (Allocate income and determine capital balances)
ALLOCATION OF INCOME
Interest (10%)
Salary
Remaining income (loss):
$ 23,600
(12,600)
(51,000)
$(40,000)
Totals
Purkerson
Smith
$ 6,600 (below) $ 4,000
18,000
25,000
(16,000)
$ 8,600
(8,000)
$21,000
Traynor
$ 2,000
8,000
Totals
$12,600
51,000
(16,000)
(40,000)
$(6,000)
$23,600
CALCULATION OF PURKERSON'S INTEREST ALLOCATION
Balance, January 1—April 1 ($60,000 × 3)
Balance, April 1—December 31 ($68,000 × 9)
Total ................................................................................
Months .............................................................................
Average monthly capital balance .................................
Interest rate ....................................................................
Interest allocation (above) ............................................
$180,000
612,000
$792,000
 12
$ 66,000
× 10%
$ 6,600
STATEMENT OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL
Purkerson
Beginning balances ..............
Additional contribution .........
Income (above) ......................
Drawings ($1,000 per month)
Ending capital balances ........
$60,000
8,000
8,600
(12,000)
$64,600
Smith
$40,000
-021,000
(12,000)
$49,000
Traynor
Totals
$20,000 $120,000
-08,000
(6,000)
23,600
(12,000)
(36,000)
$ 2,000 $115,600
21. (30 Minutes) (Allocate income for several years and determine ending capital
balances)
INCOME ALLOCATION—2009
Left
Interest (12% of beginning capital) $2,400
Salary
12,000
Remaining income/loss:
$(30,000)
(15,600)
(20,000)
$(65,600)
(19,680)
Totals
$(5,280)
Center
$ 7,200
8,000
(32,800)
$(17,600)
Right
$ 6,000
-0-
Total
$ 15,600
20,000
(13,120)
(65,600)
$(7,120) $(30,000)
STATEMENT OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL—DECEMBER 31, 2009
Beginning balances ...........
Income allocation ..............
Drawings .............................
Ending balances ...........
Left
$20,000
(5,280)
(10,000)
$ 4,720
Center
$60,000
(17,600)
(10,000)
$32,400
INCOME ALLOCATION—2010
Left
Center
Interest(12% of beginning capital above) *$566
$3,888
Salary .................................
12,000
8,000
Remaining income/loss:
$20,000
(8,400)
(20,000)
$(8,400)
(2,520)
(4,200)
Totals..................
$10,046
$7,688
*Rounded
Right
Total
$50,000 $130,000
(7,120)
(30,000)
(10,000)
(30,000)
$32,880 $ 70,000
Right
$3,946
-0-
Total
$ 8,400
20,000
(1,680)
$2,266
(8,400)
$20,000
STATEMENT OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL—DECEMBER 31, 2010
Beginning balances (above)
Additional investment ........
Income allocation ..............
Drawings .............................
Ending balances ...........
Left
$ 4,720
-010,046
(10,000)
$ 4,766
Center
$32,400
-07,688
(10,000)
$30,088
Right
$32,880
12,000
2,266
(10,000)
$37,146
Total
$70,000
12,000
20,000
(30,000)
$72,000
21. (continued)
INCOME ALLOCATION—2011
Left
Center
Interest (12% of beginning capital
above)* ...........................
$ 572
$ 3,611
Salary ..................................
12,000
8,000
Remaining income:
$40,000
(8,640)
(20,000)
$11,360 ........................
2,272
4,544
Totals ........................
$14,844
$16,155
Right
Total
$4,457
-0-
$ 8,640
20,000
4,544
$9,001
11,360
$40,000
*Rounded
STATEMENT OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL—DECEMBER 31, 2011
Left
Center
Right
Total
Beginning balances (above)
$ 4,766
$30,088
$37,146
$72,000
Income allocation
14,844
16,155
9,001
40,000
Drawings
(10,000)
(10,000)
(10,000)
(30,000)
Ending balances
$ 9,610
$36,243
$36,147
$82,000
22. (12 Minutes) (Determine capital balances after retirement of a partner using
both the goodwill and the bonus approaches)
a. Harrison receives an additional $30,000 about the capital balance. Since
Harrison is assigned 20 percent of all profits and losses, this extra
allocation indicates total goodwill of $150,000, which must be split among
all partners.
20% of Goodwill = $30,000
.20 G = $30,000
G = $150,000
CAPITAL BALANCES AFTER WITHDRAWAL
Original Balance
Lennon
McCartney
Harrison
Starr
Total
$230,000
190,000
160,000
140,000
Goodwill
Withdrawal Final Balance
$45,000
45,000
30,000
30,000
$275,000
235,000
-0170,000
$680,000
$(190,000)
b. A $50,000 bonus is paid to Lennon ($280,000 is paid rather than the $230,000
capital balance). This bonus is deducted from the three remaining partners
according to their relative profit and loss ratio (3:2:1). A reduction of 50
percent (3/6) is assigned to McCartney or a decrease of $25,000 which drops
this partner's capital balance from $190,000 to $165,000. A reduction of 33.3
percent (2/6) is assigned to Harrison or a decrease of $16,667 which drops this
partner's capital balance from $160,000 to $143,333. A reduction of 16.7
percent (1/6) is assigned to Starr or a decrease of $8,333 which drops this
partner's capital balance from $140,000 to $131,667.
23. (45 Minutes) (Discussion of P&L allocations and admission of a new partner)
a. The interest factor was probably inserted to reward Page for contributing
$50,000 more to the partnership than Childers. The salary allowance gives
an additional $15,000 to Childers in recognition of the full-time (rather than
part-time) employment. The 40:60 split of the remaining income was
probably negotiated by the partners based on other factors such as
business experience, reputation, etc.
b. The drawings show the assets removed by a partner during a period of
time. A salary allowance is added to each partner's capital for the year
(usually in recognition of work done) and is a component of net income
allocation. The two numbers are often designed to be equal but agreement
is not necessary. For example, a salary allowance might be high to
recognize work contributed by one partner. The allowance increases the
appropriate capital balance. The partner might, though, remove little or no
money so that the partnership could maintain its liquidity.
c. Page, Drawings .........................................................
5,000
Repair Expense ...................................................
(To reclassify payment made to repair personal residence.)
Page, Capital .............................................................
Childers, Capital .......................................................
Page, Drawings (adjusted) .................................
Childers, Drawings ..............................................
(To close drawings accounts for 2008.)
13,000
11,000
Revenues ...................................................................
Expenses (adjusted by first entry) .....................
Income Summary ................................................
(To close revenue and expense accounts for 2008.)
90,000
5,000
13,000
11,000
59,000
31,000
Income Summary ......................................................
31,000
Page, Capital ........................................................
11,000
Childers, Capital ..................................................
20,000
(To close net income to partners' capital–see allocation plan shown below.)
Allocation of Income
Page
Childers
Interest (10% of beginning balance)
$ 8,000
$ 3,000
Salary allowances
5,000
20,000
Remaining income (loss):
$31,000
(11,000)
(25,000)
$ (5,000)
(2,000) (40%)
(3,000) (60%)
$11,000
$20,000
23. (continued)
d. Total capital (original balances of $110,000 plus 2008
net income less drawings) .................................
Investment by Smith .................................................
Total capital after investment ..................................
Ownership portion acquired by Smith ....................
Smith, capital ............................................................
Amount paid ..............................................................
Bonus paid by Smith—assigned to original partners
$117,000
43,000
$160,000
20%
$ 32,000
43,000
$ 11,000
Bonus to Page (40%) ................................................
$4,400
Bonus to Childers (60%) ..........................................
$6,600
Cash ..........................................................................
Smith, Capital (20% of total capital) ..................
Page, Capital ........................................................
Childers, Capital ..................................................
43,000
32,000
4,400
6,600
24. (40 Minutes) (Reporting a change in the composition of a partnership)
a. Exact amount of investment can only be computed algebraically:
E Investment = 25% (Original Capital + E Investment)
El = .25 ($270,000 + El)
El = $67,500 + .25 El
.75 El = $67,500
E Investment = $90,000
b. Implied value of partnership ($36,000/10%) ............
Total capital after investment by E ($270,000 + $36,000)
Goodwill ....................................................................
Allocation of Goodwill:
A (30%) ...............................................................
$16,200
B (10%) ...............................................................
5,400
C (40%) ...............................................................
21,600
D (20%) ...............................................................
10,800
Total ................................................................
$54,000
$360,000
306,000
$ 54,000
CAPITAL BALANCES
Original balances
Goodwill (above)
Investment
Capital balances
A
$20,000
16,200
-0$ 36,200
B
$40,000
5,400
-0$45,400
C
$ 90,000
21,600
-0$111,600
D
$120,000
10,800
-0$130,800
E
$-0-036,000
$36,000
c. Since E's investment of $42,000 is less than 20% of the resulting capital
($312,000). E is apparently bringing some other attribute to the partnership
(goodwill) that must be computed:
E Investment = 20% (Original Capital + E Investment)
$42,000 + Goodwill = .20 ($270,000 + $42,000 + Goodwill)
$42,000 + Goodwill = $62,400 + .20 Goodwill
.80 Goodwill = $20,400
Goodwill = $25,500
E's investment is, therefore, $42,000 in cash and $25,500 in goodwill for a total
capital balance of $67,500; the other capital accounts remain unchanged. Note
that E's capital of $67,500 is 20% of the new total capital $337,500 ($270,000 +
$67,500).
24. (continued)
d.
Total capital after investment ($270,000 + $55,000)
Amount acquired by E ..............................................
E's capital balance ...................................................
E's payment ...............................................................
Bonus being given to E ............................................
Bonus from:
A (10%) ...............................................................
B (30%) ...............................................................
C (20%) ...............................................................
D (40%) ...............................................................
Original balances
Investment
Bonus (above)
Capital balances
CAPITAL BALANCES
A
B
C
$20,000
$40,000
$90,000
-0-0-0(1,000)
(3,000)
(2,000)
$19,000
$37,000
$88,000
e. C's capital balance
C's collection (125%)
Bonus being paid to C
Bonus from:
A (1/3)
B (1/3)
D (1/3)
$325,000
20%
$ 65,000
55,000
$ 10,000
$1,000
3,000
2,000
4,000
D
$120,000
-0(4,000)
$116,000
$10,000
E
$-055,000
10,000
$65,000
$ 90,000
112,500
$ 22,500
$7,500
7,500
7,500
$22,500
CAPITAL BALANCES
A
B
Original balances .................
$20,000
$40,000
Bonus (above) ......................
(7,500)
(7,500)
Payment ................................
-0-0Capital balances ..................
$12,500
$32,500
C
D
$ 90,000 $120,000
22,500
(7,500)
(112,500)
-0$
-0- $112,500
25. (55 Minutes) (Allocation of income to the partners and determination of capital
balances)
ALLOCATION OF INCOME—2008
Boswell
Johnson
Total
Salary (8 months) .................
$8,000
$-0$ 8,000
Remaining $3,000 ................
1,200 (40%) 1,800 (60%) 3,000
Totals ...............................
$9,200
$1,800
$11,000
STATEMENT OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL—DECEMBER 31, 2008
Boswell
Johnson
Total
Beginning Balances ($114,000
Invested capital split evenly—
market value used for assets)
$57,000
$57,000 $114,000
Income allocation (above) ...
9,200
1,800
11,000
Drawings ...............................
-0-0-0Ending balances .............
$66,200
$58,800 $125,000
WALPOLE INVESTMENT JANUARY 1, 2009
Walpole's $54,000 investment increases total capital to $179,000. Walpole is
credited with a 40% interest or $71,600. According to the problem, the excess
$17,600 is a bonus from the original partners. Of this amount, $10,560 is
allocated from Johnson (60%) and $7,040 from Boswell (40%).
ALLOCATION OF INCOME—2009
Boswell
Salary ....................................
$12,000
Remaining $8,000 loss ($28,000 –
$36,000) ...........................
(960)
Totals .........................
$11,040
Johnson
$-0(3,840)
$(3,840)
Walpole
$24,000
Total
$36,000
(3,200)
$20,800
(8,000)
$28,000
STATEMENT OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL—DECEMBER 31, 2009
Beginning balances .............
Walpole's contribution ........
Income allocation (above) ...
Drawings ...............................
Ending balances .............
Boswell
$66,200
(7,040)
11,040
(5,000)
$65,200
Johnson
$58,800
(10,560)
(3,840)
(5,000)
$39,400
Walpole
Total
$ -0- $125,000
71,600
54,000
20,800
28,000
(10,000)
(20,000)
$82,400 $187,000
26. (continued)
ADMISSION OF POPE—JANUARY 1, 2010
Pope's payment was made directly to the partners. Therefore, neither goodwill
nor a bonus need be recognized. Instead, 10% of each capital balance shown
above will be reclassified to Pope. The journal entry would be as follows:
Boswell, Capital .............................................................
Johnson Capital .............................................................
Walpole, Capital . ............................................................
Pope, Capital .............................................................
6,520
3,940
8,240
18,700
ALLOCATION OF INCOME—2010
Salary
Remaining $400 income
Totals
Boswell
Johnson
Walpole
Pope
Total
$12,000
54
$12,054
$-0162
$162
$24,000
144
$24,144
$9,600
40
$9,640
$45,600
400
$46,000
STATEMENT OF PARTNERSHIP CAPITAL—DECEMBER 31, 2010
Beginning balances
Admission of Pope
Allocation of income
(above)
Drawings
Ending balances
Boswell Johnson
$65,200
$39,400
(6,520)
(3,940)
Walpole
$82,400
(8,240)
12,054
(5,000)
$65,734
24,144
(10,000)
$88,304
162
(5,000)
$30,622
Pope
$-018,700
Total
$187,000
-0-
9,640
46,000
(4,000)
(24,000)
$24,340 $209,000
26. (60 Minutes) (Allocate income and prepare a statement of partners' capital)
a. Income Allocation—2009
Gray
Salary allowance ($8 per billable
hour)
$13,680
Interest (see Note A)
25,928
Bonus (not applicable because
salary and interest would
necessitate a negative bonus)
-0Remaining loss (split evenly):
$ 65,000
(35,600)
(58,328)
$(28,928)
(9,643)
Profit allocation
$29,965
Stone
Lawson
Totals
$11,520
21,600
$10,400
10,800
$35,600
58,328
-0-
-0-
-0-
(9,643)
$23,477
(9,642)
$11,558
(28,928)
$65,000
Note A: Interest for Stone and Lawson is calculated at 12% of their beginning
capital balances ($180,000 and $90,000, respectively) while for Gray the
computation is based on a $210,000 balance for 4/12 of the year and $219,100
for the remaining 8/12.
Capital Account Balances—1/1/09 – 12/31/09
Beginning contributions
Added Investment
Profit allocation (from above)
Drawing (10% of beginning
balances)
Ending balances
Gray
$210,000
9,100
29,965
Stone
$180,000
-023,477
Lawson
$90,000
-011,558
Totals
$480,000
9,100
65,000
(21,000)
$228,065
(18,000)
$185,477
(9,000)
$92,558
(48,000)
$506,100
Prior to developing the information for 2010, a computation of Monet's
investment must be made:
Monet's Investment = 25% ($506,100 + Monet's Investment)
Ml = $126,525 + .25 Ml
.75 Ml = $126,525
Ml = $168,700
26. a. (continued)
Income Allocation—2010
Gray
Salary allowance ($8
per billable hour) $14,400
Interest (12% of beginning capital balances
for the year)
27,368
Bonus (not applicable) -0Remaining loss (split
evenly):
$ (20,400)
(46,960)
(80,976)
$(148,336)
(37,084)
Loss allocation
$ 4,684
Stone
Lawson
Monet
Totals
$ 12,000
$ 11,040
$ 9,520
$ 46,960
22,257
-0-
11,107
-0-
20,244
-0-
80,976
-0-
(37,084)
$(2,827)
(37,084)
$(14,937)
(37,084)
$ (7,320)
(148,336)
$(20,400)
Capital Account Balances 1/1/10 – 12/31/10
Gray
Stone
Beginning balances $228,065
$185,477
Loss allocation (from
above)
4,684
(2,827)
Drawings (10% of
beginning
balances)
(22,806)
(18,548)
Ending balances $209,943
$164,102
Income Allocation—2011
Gray
Salary allowance ($8
per billable hour) $15,040
Interest (12% of
beginning capital
balances for the
year)
25,193
Bonus (see Note B)
2,604
Remaining profit split
evenly:
$152,800
(51,120)
(70,430)
(5,208)
$ 26,042
6,510
Profit allocation
$49,347
Lawson
$92,558
Monet
$168,700
Totals
$674,800
(14,937)
(7,320)
(20,400)
(9,256)
$68,365
(16,870)
$144,510
(67,480)
$586,920
Stone
Lawson
Monet
Totals
$12,960
$10,480
$12,640
$ 51,120
19,692
2,604
8,204
-0-
17,341
-0-
70,430
5,208
6,510
$41,766
6,511
$25,195
6,511
$36,492
26,042
$152,800
26. a. (continued)
Note B: The bonus to Gray and Stone can only be derived algebraically. Since
each of the two partners is entitled to 10% of net income as defined, the total
bonus is 20% and can be computed as follows:
Bonus = 20% (Net income – Salary – Interest – Bonus)
B = .2 ($152,800 – $51,120 – $70,430 – B)
B = .2 ($31,250 – B)
B = $6,250 – .2B
1.2 B = $6,250
B = $5,208 (or $2,604 per person)
Capital Account Balances 1/1/11 – 12/31/11
Gray
Stone
Beginning balances $209,943 $164,102
Profit allocation (from
above)
49,347
41,766
Drawings (10% of
beginning
balances)
(20,994) (16,410)
Ending balances
$238,296 $189,458
Lawson
$68,365
Monet
$144,510
Totals
$586,920
25,195
36,492
152,800
(6,837)
$86,723
(14,451)
$166,551
(58,692)
$681,028
Lawson
$90,000
-011,558
(9,000)
$92,558
Totals
$480,000
9,100
65,000
(48,000)
$506,100
b.
GRAY, STONE, AND LAWSON
Statement of Partners' Capital
For Year Ending December 31, 2009
Beginning balances
Added Investment
Profit allocation
Drawings
Ending balances
Gray
$210,000
9,100
29,965
(21,000)
$228,065
Stone
$180,000
-023,477
(18,000)
$185,477
27. (40 Minutes) (Recording admission and retirement of partners using both the
bonus and goodwill methods)
a. Porthos, Capital ........................................................
35,000
D'Artagnan, Capital .............................................
35,000
(To reclassify half of Porthos's capital balance to reflect transfer of interest
to D'Artagnan.)
b. Goodwill
...............................................................
50,000
Athos, Capital (50%) ...........................................
25,000
Porthos, Capital (30%) .......................................
15,000
Aramis, Capital (20%) .........................................
10,000
(To record goodwill based on $250,000 implied value of partnership
[$25,000/10%]. Since current capital is only $200,000 [the $25,000 goes
directly to the partners], goodwill of $50,000 has to be recorded and
allocated using profit and loss ratio.)
Athos, Capital (10% of balance) ..............................
10,500
Porthos, Capital (10% of balance) ...........................
8,500
Aramis, Capital (10% of balance) ............................
6,000
D'Artagnan, Capital ..............................................
25,000
(To reclassify 10% of each partner's capital to reflect transfer of interest to
D'Artagnan.)
c. Cash ..........................................................................
30,000
D'Artagnan, Capital (10% of total capital) ..........
23,000
Athos, Capital (50% of excess payment) ...........
3,500
Porthos, Capital (30% of excess payment) .......
2,100
Aramis, Capital (20% of excess payment) .........
1,400
(To record $30,000 payment by D'Artagnan which increases total capital to
$230,000. D'Artagnan is credited for only 10% of that balance with the extra
$7,000 payment being recorded as a bonus to the original partners.)
d. Cash ..........................................................................
30,000
Goodwill ....................................................................
70,000
D'Artagnan, Capital .............................................
30,000
Athos, Capital (50% of goodwill) .......................
35,000
Porthos, Capital (30% of goodwill) ...................
21,000
Aramis, Capital (20% of goodwill) ......................
14,000
(To record D'Artagnan's contribution to the partnership. The $30,000
payment for 10% interest indicates a $300,000 value for the business
although the capital balances would only increase to $230,000. The $70,000
difference is recorded as goodwill, an amount assigned to the original
partners.)
27. (continued)
e. Cash ...........................................................................
12,222
Goodwill . ..................................................................
10,000
D'Artagnan, Capital .............................................
22,222
To record investment by D'Artagnan. The implied value of the investment as
a whole would be only $122,220 ($12,222/10%). Since the capital balances
are well in excess of this figure, D'Artagnan is apparently bringing some
other factor (goodwill) into the partnership. This goodwill can be computed
as follows:
$12,222 + Goodwill = 10% (Original Capital + $12,222 + Goodwill)
$12,222 + Goodwill = 10% ($200,000 + $12,222 + Goodwill)
$12,222 + Goodwill = $21,222 + .10 Goodwill
.90 Goodwill = $9,000
Goodwill = $10,000
f. Goodwill ....................................................................
80,000
Athos, Capital (50%) ............................................
40,000
Porthos, Capital (30%) ........................................
24,000
Aramis, Capital (20%) ..........................................
16,000
(To record goodwill of $80,000 based on $280,000 appraisal of business.)
Aramis, Capital .........................................................
66,000
Cash ....................................................................
66,000
(To distribute cash to retiring partner based on final capital balance.)
28. (75 Minutes) (Recording of changes in the composition of a partnership
including allocation of income)
a. 1/1/08
Building .....................................................
52,000
Equipment ..................................................
16,000
Cash ...........................................................
12,000
O'Donnell, Capital ...............................
40,000
Reese, Capital .....................................
40,000
(To record initial investment. Assets recorded at fair value with
two equal capital balances.)
12/31/08 Reese, Capital ...........................................
22,000
O'Donnell, Capital ...............................
12,000
Income Summary ................................
10,000
(The allocation plan specifies that O'Donnell will receive 20% in
interest [or $8,000 based on $40,000 capital balance] plus $4,000
more [since that amount is greater than 15% of the profits from
the period]. The remaining $22,000 loss is assigned to Reese.)
1/1/09
Cash ...........................................................
15,000
O'Donnell, Capital (15%) ..........................
300
Reese, Capital (85%) ................................
1,700
Dunn, Capital .......................................
17,000
(New investment by Dunn brings total capital to $85,000 after
2008 loss [$80,000 – $10,000 + $15,000]. Dunn's 20% interest is
$17,000 [$85,000 × 20%] with the extra $2,000 coming from the
two original partners [allocated between them according to their
profit and loss ratio].)
12/31/09 O'Donnell, Capital .....................................
10,340
Reese, Capital ...........................................
5,000
Dunn, Capital ............................................
5,000
O'Donnell, Drawings ............................
10,340
Reese, Drawings .................................
5,000
Dunn, Drawings ...................................
5,000
(To close out drawings accounts for the year based on
distributing 20% of each partner's beginning capital balances
[after adjustment for Dunn's investment] or $5,000 whichever is
greater. O'Donnell's capital is $51,700 [$40,000 + $12,000 – $300])
12/31/09 Income Summary ......................................
44,000
O'Donnell, Capital ...............................
16,940
Reese, Capital .....................................
16,236
Dunn, Capital .......................................
10,824
(To allocate $44,000 income figure for 2009 as determined below.)
28. a. (continued)
O'Donnell
Interest (20% of $51,700
beginning capital balance) .......
15% of $44,000 income ..................
60:40 spilt of remaining $27,060
income .......................................
Total ................................................
Reese
Dunn
$16,236
$16,236
$10,824
$10,824
$10,340
6,600
$16,940
Capital Balances as of December 31, 2009:
Initial 2008 investment ...................
2008 profit allocation .....................
Dunn's investment .........................
2009 drawings ................................
2009 profit allocation .....................
12/31/09 balances ..........................
1/1/10
O'Donnell
$40,000
12,000
(300)
(10,340)
16,940
$58,300
Reese
$40,000
(22,000)
(1,700)
(5,000)
16,236
$27,536
Dunn, Capital ............................................
Postner, Capital ...................................
(To reclassify balance to reflect
acquisition of Dunn's interest.)
22,824
12/31/10 O'Donnell, Capital .....................................
Reese, Capital ...........................................
Postner, Capital ........................................
O'Donnell, Drawings ...........................
Reese, Drawings .................................
Postner, Drawings ..............................
(To close out drawings accounts for the
year based on 20% of beginning capital
balances [above] or $5,000 [whichever is
greater].)
11,660
5,507
5,000
O'Donnell
$11,660
9,150
______
$20,810
$17,000
(5,000)
10,824
$22,824
22,824
11,660
5,507
5,000
12/31/10 Income Summary.......................................
61,000
O'Donnell, Capital ...............................
Reese, Capital .....................................
Postner, Capital ...................................
(To allocate profit for 2010 determined as follows)
Interest (20% of $58,300 beg. capital)
15% of $61,000 income ............
60:40 split of remaining $40,190
Totals ...............................
Dunn
20,810
24,114
16,076
Reese
Postner
$24,114
$24,114
$16,076
$16,076
28. a. (continued)
1/1/11
Postner, Capital ........................................
O'Donnell, Capital (15%) ..........................
Reese, Capital (85%) ................................
Cash .....................................................
(Postner's capital is $33,900 [$22,824 –
$5,000 + $16,076]. Extra 10% payment is
deducted from the two remaining
partners' capital accounts.)
b. 1/1/08
33,900
509
2,881
37,290
Building ......................................................
Equipment .................................................
Cash ...........................................................
Goodwill ....................................................
O'Donnell, Capital ...............................
Reese, Capital .....................................
(To record initial capital investments.
Reese is credited with goodwill of
$80,000
to
match
O'Donnell's
investment.)
52,000
16,000
12,000
80,000
12/31/08 Reese, Capital ...........................................
O'Donnell, Capital ...............................
Income Summary ................................
(Interest of $16,000 is credited to
O'Donnell [$80,000 × 20%] along with a
base of $4,000. The remaining amount is
now a $30,000 loss that is attributed
entirely to Reese.)
30,000
1/1/09
15,000
22,500
Cash ...........................................................
Goodwill ....................................................
Dunn, Capital .......................................
(Cash and goodwill being contributed by
Dunn are recorded. Goodwill must be
calculated algebraically.)
80,000
80,000
20,000
10,000
$15,000 + Goodwill = 20% (Current Capital + $15,000 + Goodwill)
$15,000 + Goodwill = 20% ($150,000 + $15,000 + Goodwill)
$15,000 + Goodwill = $33,000 + .2 Goodwill
.8 Goodwill = $18,000
Goodwill = $22,500
37,500
28. b. (continued)
12/31/09 O'Donnell, Capital .....................................
20,000
Reese, Capital ...........................................
10,000
Dunn, Capital ............................................
7,500
O'Donnell, Drawings ............................
Reese, Drawings .................................
Dunn, Drawings ...................................
(To close out drawings accounts for the
year based on 20 % of beginning capital
balances: O'Donnell—$100,000, Reese—
$50,000, and Dunn—$37,500.)
12/31/09 Income Summary ......................................
44,000
O'Donnell, Capital ...............................
Reese, Capital .....................................
Dunn, Capital .......................................
(To allocate $44,000 income figure as follows)
O'Donnell
Interest (20% of $100,000
beginning capital balance)
15% of $44,000 income
60:40 split of remaining $17,400
Totals
26,600
10,440
6,960
Reese
Dunn
$10,440
$10,440
$6,960
$6,960
Reese
$80,000
(30,000)
Dunn
$20,000
6,600
$26,600
Capital balances as of December 31, 2009:
O'Donnell
Initial 2008 investment ..
$ 80,000
2008 profit allocation .....
20,000
Additional investment ...
2009 drawings ................
(20,000)
2009 profit allocation .....
26,600
12/31/09 balances ..........
$106,600
1/1/10
20,000
10,000
7,500
(10,000)
10,440
$50,440
$37,500
(7,500)
6,960
$36,960
Goodwill ....................................................
26,588
O'Donnell, Capital (15%) .....................
3,988
Reese, Capital (51%) ...........................
13,560
Dunn, Capital (34%) ............................
9,040
(To record goodwill indicated by purchase of Dunn's interest.)
In effect, profits are shared 15% to O'Donnell, 51% to Reese – (60% of the 85%
remaining after O'Donnell's income), and 34% to Dunn (40% of the 85%
remaining after O'Donnell's income). Postner is paying $46,000, an amount
$9,040 in excess of Dunn's capital ($36,960). The additional payment for this
34% income interest indicates total goodwill of $26,588 ($9,040/34%). Since
Dunn is entitled to 34% of the profits but only holds 19% of the total capital, an
28.
b. (continued)
implied value for the company as a whole cannot be determined directly from
the payment of $46,000. Thus, goodwill can only be computed based on the
excess payment.
1/1/10
Dunn, Capital ..................................................
Postner, Capital ........................................
(To reclassify capital balance to new partner.)
46,000
46,000
12/31/10 O'Donnell, Capital ..........................................
22,118
Reese, Capital ................................................
12,800
Postner, Capital .............................................
9,200
O'Donnell, Drawings ................................
22,118
Reese, Drawings .......................................
12,800
Postner, Drawings ....................................
9,200
(To close out drawings accounts for the year based on 20% of
beginning capital balances [after adjustment for goodwill].)
12/31/10 Income Summary ...........................................
O'Donnell, Capital .....................................
Reese, Capital ...........................................
Postner, Capital ........................................
To allocate profit for 2010 as follows:
61,000
O'Donnell
Reese
Postner
$17,839
$17,839
$11,893
$11,893
Reese
$50,440
13,560
(12,800)
17,839
$69,039
Postner
$36,960
9,040
(9,200)
11,893
$48,693
Interest (20% of $110,588
beginning capital balance)
15% of $61,000 income .......
60:40 spilt of remaining
$29,732 ............................
Totals ...............................
31,268
17,839
11,893
$22,118
9,150
$31,268
Capital Balances as of December 31, 2010:
12/31/09 balances ................
Adjustment for goodwill .....
Drawings ...............................
Profit allocation ....................
12/31/10 balances .................
O'Donnell
$106,600
3,988
(22,118)
31,268
$119,738
Postner will be paid $53,562 (110% of the capital balance) for her interest. This
amount is $4,869 in excess of the capital account. Since Postner is only
entitled to a 34% share of profits and losses, the additional $4,869 must
indicate that the partnership as a whole is undervalued by $14,321
(4,869/34%). Only in that circumstance would the extra payment to Postner be
justified:
28.
b. (continued)
1/1/11 Goodwill ...............................................................
O'Donnell, Capital (15%) ...............................
Reese, Capital (51%) ......................................
Postner, Capital (34%) ...................................
(To recognize implied goodwill.)
14,321
1/1/11 Postner, Capital ...................................................
Cash ...............................................................
(To record final distribution to Postner.)
53,562
2,148
7,304
4,869
53,562