Working with Animals & Plants
Includes 22 real-life case studies covering:
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Animals and animal care
Plants
Farm work
Now on the internet www.connexions-direct.com/wianimalsandplants
Connexions
Environment, Animals and Plants
Connexions
What is this booklet about?
It is one of over 40 in a series covering many work sectors, subjects and careers.
Each book contains a number of case studies showing people in a variety of jobs.
All telling you how it is – including the good things and the bad.
Each job shows you what qualifications you will need, what training you can get and
how much you might be paid. Also, you will see which route each person took in
getting that job.
How can I find out more? jobs4u
Look on the website www.connexions-direct.com/jobs4u which contains
background information on these featured jobs plus many more. You can talk to
your Connexions personal adviser who will help you research more details. Or you
can contact one of the organisations listed at the back of the book.
How can I contact Connexions?
In person through a Connexions personal adviser who might be based at your
school, college or reached at your local Connexions centre. By telephone, text,
webchat or e-mail through Connexions Direct. Open seven days a week, between
8.00am and 2.00am.
Check out www.connexions-direct.com or look in the telephone book to find your
local centre. Or ring 080 800 13219 or text on 07766 413219 for Connexions Direct.
Other formats of this booklet are available – for details see back cover.
Key to salary icons
£ - up to £12,000
££ - £12,001 to £17,000
£££ - over £17,000
This represents the typical starting salary for the job featured in the case study.
Contents
Animals and animal care
RSPCA inspector
Animal physiotherapist
Zoo keeper
Horse groom
Horse riding instructor
Veterinary nurse
Veterinary surgeon
Pet shop assistant
Dog groomer
Kennel worker
Assistance dog trainer
Farrier
2
Plants
Florist
Garden designer
Garden centre manager
Tree surgeon
Laboratory diagnostician
16
Farm work
Farm manager
Farm worker (livestock)
Farm worker (crops)
Fish farm worker
Gamekeeper
22
Further reading/Useful addresses
28
So you want to work with animals and plants?
There is a wide and expanding variety of job opportunities for those wanting a
career working with animals and plants. Some jobs are of the traditional kind
– where cows need to be milked and fields must be ploughed. But there are
many other opportunities where people can apply their scientific and even
artistic skills to the animals and plants they work with.
What does the future hold for the animal sector?
About 55,000 people in the UK are employed in animal retail, breeding, behaviour,
welfare, zoos, wildlife parks and related public services, with a similar number
working with horses. Many more work in science, research, animal health, animal
feed and livestock.
Furthermore, the total number employed in the land-based workforce is expected to
rise slightly – boosted by a growing interest in the environment and the welfare of
animals – as farmers turn to alternative and more profitable forms of livestock
farming and land use. Horse and other animal-related sectors are predicted to
expand, as well as in other areas such as landscaping and commercial horticulture.
What about plants?
The garden nursery and sector has also seen recent growth and gardening remains
popular with members of the public. You might grow plants commercially such as
flowers or vegetables, or use your planning and design skills to arrange them in
gardens, public places or as indoor displays. Some jobs involve a problem-solving
approach, working out why plants are not thriving as they should or combating pests
which can affect crops.
Will I work regular hours?
Animals and plants have to be cared for regardless of the time of day and whatever
the weather. Some jobs can only be carried out in daylight hours or change
according to the seasons, so winter timetables can be very different from summer
ones.
What kind of qualifications do I need?
There are excellent opportunities for young people in the land-based industries,
including a range of work-based training and Apprenticeships (Skillseekers in
Scotland) leading to National Vocational Qualifications/Scottish Vocational
Qualifications (NVQs/SVQs). There are numerous qualifications available in these
industries and many people build up a portfolio of certificates in specific skills and
crafts. In addition, universities and colleges offer a wide range of full and part-time
courses related to the land-based industries.
How soon can I get a job in this sector?
The availability of work-based training in this sector makes it an excellent choice for
school-leavers who feel that a further academic career is not for them. Many of the
people in this book have achieved their goals by continuing their learning through the
vocational route, using their time in the workplace to gain essential skills and
experience.
Do I need to have experience of working with animals or on a farm to succeed?
Not at all. Some people who choose careers in this sector have, but others have
been attracted to this work because they like being outdoors or find the prospects of
working in an office too restricting. However, most employers expect to see
evidence of your interest such as voluntary or paid work experience on a farm, in a
pet shop or in a garden centre.
Animals and animal care
RSPCA inspector jobs4u RSPCA inspector
Herchran Boal is an RSPCA inspector in Birmingham. There are less than 330
RSPCA inspectors in the UK and between them they investigate 100,000 complaints
of animal cruelty a year. Herchran’s daily work can involve anything from routine
inspections of farms and pet shops to rescuing trapped, stranded or injured animals.
What does your job involve?
My job covers three main areas. I investigate complaints of cruelty and neglect
which involves prosecuting where necessary, rescuing and collecting injured and
sick animals, and providing help and information on animal care and welfare issues.
How do you rescue animals?
I have a variety of rescue equipment in my van, such as nets, swan hooks and
graspers. I also use animal carriers, which come in a variety of sizes, shapes and
forms to handle all the types of animals I may encounter.
What inspired you to work for the RSPCA?
I trained in agriculture initially before becoming a veterinary nurse – I have always
liked working with animals. However, this job is the one I have always wanted to do.
Being able to help animals that are badly treated or injured is very satisfying and you
feel that you are doing a really worthwhile job.
Do you ever find the work upsetting?
Yes, it can be stressful as I sometimes have to deal with aggressive and abusive
people. You have to be tactful and patient even when you’re annoyed at how people
treat their animals. Once I had to rescue 75 very distressed cats from one person’s
home who could no longer look after them.
Have you ever been injured?
Sometimes the animals become very stressed and you have to learn how to calm
them down first before handling them. I was bitten by a dog and ended up in
hospital once for four days. However, while I was at home recuperating, I looked
after an abandoned dog that ended up becoming my pet. (I called him Kipper after
the children’s TV programme I was watching at the time.)
What training have you received so far?
My initial training lasted six months and took place at the RSPCA’s national
headquarters. At the centre, I learnt a range of skills involved in boat rescue, rope
rescue, ladder work, legal issues and how to cope with aggressive people. I also
have a refresher course to update these skills every year.
What hours do you work?
I work from 9.00am to 5.00pm, Monday to Friday. However, animals can need help
24 hours a day, so I am on call during the evenings and have weekend duties – but
these extra duties are on a rota system.
Do you have to wear a uniform?
Yes. I wear trousers, a shirt, jumper or jacket and boots. I’ve also got waterproofs,
overalls and boots for wet weather and for use during rescues. I wear protective
clothing when I’m dealing with an animal that might bite, scratch or kick.
What do you like best about your job?
I like the variety of work and people that I meet. I also get a real sense of
achievement when I help an animal or improve its standard of life.
What are the skills and qualities needed?
You need patience, confidence, the ability to communicate with all kinds of people, a
non-judgemental approach and a level-headed attitude. You also need the ability to
lead and take control of any situation.
What are your future work goals?
I want to continue to improve the welfare of animals and eventually become a
member of the society’s international department.
Herchran’s route
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GCSEs.
A levels.
National Diploma in Agriculture.
Veterinary nurse at local practice.
Herchran’s tips
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Gain as much experience working with as many different types of animals and
people as you can.
Related jobs
Dog handler
Dog trainer
Horse groom
Local government trading standards officer
Veterinary nurse
Zoo keeper
££ Salary information
Probationers earn £14,500. Once trained, an inspector’s salary can reach £23,000
and up to £26,000 as a chief inspector.
Getting in
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Competition is fierce. The RSPCA says 2,000 people apply to become
inspectors every year and only 20 are successful.
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Applicants need at least two GCSEs/S grades (A-C/1-3) in English and a
science subject, preferably biology. For the SSPCA (Scottish Society),
applicants need five GCSEs/S grades (A-C/1-3) including English and, ideally
some qualifications in animal husbandry or science.
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Applicants have to be between the ages of 22 and 42, physically fit, and be
able to swim 50 metres fully clothed. They also need to hold a full, clean
driving licence.
Animal physiotherapist jobs4u Animal physiotherapist
Anna Johnson is an animal physiotherapist. Her job involved treating animals who
have joint or muscular problems affecting their movements. She uses a combination
of electrotherapy equipment and her hands to manipulate the muscles and joints into
better working order.
What does your job involve?
I visit farms and stables seeing horses, dogs and cats. This involves hands-on
treatment, as well as keeping notes on my patients and liaising with vets about the
treatments I am giving. I visit about six clients a day and generally start at about
8.00am. I sometimes drive up to 150 miles a day.
What equipment do you use to treat animals?
Most of this work is using manual techniques, but I might also use electrotherapy
equipment such as muscle stimulators, lasers, ultrasound and electromagnetic
therapy. When I am treating horses I stand on a step and I also need a good set of
waterproof clothing.
Do you work with veterinary surgeons?
Yes. The law states we can only work with veterinary permission. I also work with
other professionals such as farriers, dieticians and horse trainers who are all trying to
find ways to ease any joint or muscular discomfort an animal may have. For
instance, they may be helping an animal to lose weight and lighten the load on their
joints, or making a special shoe.
Why did you choose this career?
I wanted to work with animals, but I didn’t want to work as a vet in a surgery or do
routine jobs in a stable or kennel. After my A levels I spent a year working with
event, polo and show-jumping horses. I then did my degree and practised human
physiotherapy, mostly working with sports injuries, before doing an apprenticeship
with a fellow animal physiotherapist.
What do you like best about your job?
I love working with horses and being in the countryside. I never know where I am
going next – I am the British equestrian team physiotherapist, so I have been to the
Olympics treating the horses and their riders. I have also lectured in Japan and
treated horses in a New Zealand polo yard.
Are there any disadvantages?
As I am self-employed, there is always a lot of paperwork and administration and the
phone never stops ringing – sometimes at very odd hours!
What kind of person makes a good animal physiotherapist?
Anyone who does this job – whether with animals or humans – must be relatively
outgoing, with good communication skills. You need to have a love of animals and
ideally you need to have been around animals all your life. It also helps if you are
happy working alone for long periods.
What are your future career plans?
I want to continue to work with the British equestrian team and to build up my
practice, training other physiotherapists to work with me. I need to make sure I keep
up with improvements in science and technology so I can continue to offer a good
service.
Anna’s route
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A levels.
Year off working with horses.
Physiotherapy degree at University of Birmingham.
Worked in hospitals and private sports injuries clinics.
Apprenticeship leading to membership of Association of Chartered
Physiotherapists in Animal Therapy (ACPAT).
Started own practice.
Anna’s tips
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Remember this job involves training to work with humans first and that is what
establishes you as a good physiotherapist.

A year off after A levels is a great idea – work in a professional horse yard to
gain valuable experience.
Related jobs
Animal psychologist
Chiropractor
Horse trainer
Osteopath
Sports physiotherapist
Veterinary nurse
Veterinary surgeon
£££ Salary information
A newly-qualified physiotherapist working for an animal physiotherapy clinic may
earn about £20,000 – rising to £50,000 with experience or owning your own practice.
Getting in
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An animal physiotherapist must first qualify as a chartered physiotherapist
with humans.
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This involves a three or four-year degree course, followed by two years of
work before either completing the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists
in Animal Therapy (ACPAT) Core Knowledge and Skills course, or taking a
part-time MSc/Postgraduate Diploma in Veterinary Physiotherapy run by The
Royal Veterinary College.
Zoo keeper jobs4u Zoo keeper
Mark Habben is a zoo keeper employed by the Zoological Society of London. He is
an animal activities team leader, training animals such as birds of prey and
organising demonstrations, as well as overseeing the day-to-day management of
more than 70 animals.
What does your job involve?
I manage a team of about 15 staff and over 70 animals, organising and initiating
enrichment ideas for the animals, animal training and public demonstrations. I also
liaise with other departments, such as the promotions and marketing offices that
promote the zoo to the public.
What is your main work routine?
Some aspects of the day are routine, such as recording the previous day’s events on
a daily report sheet and checking out any problems with the zoo staff who look after
the animals. Generally, no two days are ever the same. At present, we are
redeveloping a large section of the zoo, so I’m involved in meetings to discuss how
we are going to look after the animals while the area is being developed and new
premises are built.
What equipment do you use in your work?
I use a range of equipment that includes items such as brooms, shovels, buckets,
bins, knives, gauntlets, lures, telephones, computers, pens and paper. Some of
these are used for cleaning out the animals’ premises, others for handling the
animals and the rest for administrative purposes in the office.
Are the animals easy to handle?
Not always. Once a young falcon flew away during a training session. The following
morning I thought I saw it sitting on a church roof. I went over with a colleague and
some food and began calling, but it wouldn’t respond to my training calls. It was
quite embarrassing as a crowd had gathered. Otherwise, all the animals get used to
a routine for cleaning, feeding and exercise and, as a keeper, you allow them to get
used to you by remaining calm and quiet.
Have you always liked animals and nature?
Yes. When I was young, I was always looking for toads, slow worms, snakes and
spiders in the garden. Also, I had done a falconry course and worked with lots of
reptile species long before I started at the zoo.
What training have you done in this job?
All new keepers now study for a City & Guilds Certificate in Animal Management,
learning about nutrition, enclosure design, hygiene and safety, breeding, transporting
animals, diseases and the role of zoos in conservation, education and research.
What hours do you work?
I start at 8.00am and finish at 5.30pm during the summer months, but finish earlier at
4.00pm throughout the winter – averaging about 38 hours a week over the year. I
also work alternate weekends but get time off the compensate during the week.
What are the best and worst things about the job?
I love working with a wide variety of animal species and with like-minded people.
The downside is that we get more involved in office work now – and that means less
time being with the animals.
What are the skills and qualities needed?
Confidence and patience are very important when working with animals and the
public, plus a real interest in what you are doing.
What are your long-term work plans?
My current position is fairly new for me at the moment and I don’t want to think about
the next step until I have fully grasped this one. However, I worked in the Amazon
basin as a research biologist last year and would certainly consider doing that again.
Mark’s route
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A levels.
Degree in Animal Biology.
First job as zoo keeper at London Zoo.
Mark’s tips

If you are passionate about doing this as a career give yourself a head start –
become a volunteer and gain as much experience as you can.

Work hard. The more you put into this job the more you get out of it.
Related jobs
Agricultural/biological/horticultural scientist
Countryside/conservation officer
Countryside ranger/warden
Farm manager
Gamekeeper
RSPCA inspector
££ Salary information
A trainee zoo keeper will earn £14,000 a year. A team leader or senior keeper can
reach a salary of £22,000. A uniform is usually provided and accommodation is
sometimes available.
Getting in

Most zoos, safari/wildlife parks, sea-life centres, bird gardens and
conservation/nature organisations have volunteer programmes or offer work
experience, part-time and seasonal jobs. This gives people the chance to
work with animals or as part of a conservation project to see if the work really
suits them.

Although a few zoos require no particular qualifications, others may ask for
some GCSEs/S grades to include a science subject or qualifications/
experience in Animal Care.

Qualifications in zoological/wildlife subjects, animal care and management
include NVQs/SVQs, HNCs/HNDs, foundation degrees and degrees, and are
necessary for advancement to senior positions.
Horse groom jobs4u Horse groom
Caroline Hutchinson works for a trainer at a racing stable near Wetherby. Caroline
has an exciting job riding a selection of valuable racehorses. It gets even more
exciting when she has to lead one of her horses into the winner’s enclosure.
What does your job involve?
I look after racehorses and make sure they are cared for to the highest standard.
This involves mucking out and stable duties, riding the horses on the gallops and
getting them fit for racing. Feeding and watering is very important and I ensure that
they all get the correct diets for their level of work.
Do you have a typical day?
I live in at the stables and normally get up at 7.00am and go directly to work. I start
cleaning the stables and mucking out while the horses are in the walker (a circular,
self-propelled machine that automatically exercises the horses) until about 10.00am
when I have breakfast. The rest of the morning is taken up riding out, catering and
galloping until lunchtime when the horses are fed.
Everyone is left in peace until late afternoon when the horses get more fresh water
and hay. I dress (cover with a blanket) those horses in training and give them their
evening meal for the night. We usually finish at about 5.30pm.
What equipment do you use?
We all have to wear riding hats, jockey skull caps, riding boots and gloves. We must
ensure that all our tack (saddle and bridle), is safe before we sit on any horses.
What was your route into this job?
I had always wanted to work with horses so when I left school I went to Park Lane
College in Leeds to do a BTEC in Equine Studies. This also involved a one-day
weekly placement with my current employer who offered me a job at the end of my
course.
What do you like best about your job?
I usually go to race meetings when our horses are running and it is exciting when
they win. It is a great feeling leading a winner in. I also enjoy riding out the horses.
Caroline’s route
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GCSEs.
BTEC in Equine Studies.
Offered current job while on placement.
Caroline’s tips

Do a placement at a racing yard to see if you enjoy it.

Learn to ride before you go to racing college so you have an understanding of
the basics.
Related jobs
Animal technician
Horse riding holiday centre manager
Horse riding holiday centre ride leader
Horse riding instructor
Horse-racing jockey/apprentice
£ Salary information
An 18-year old horse groom with British Horse Society (BHS) Stage 3, or a national
diploma, can earn £10,000. A head groom might earn £15,000 to £16,000 – rising to
£20,000 in well-established racing yards.
Getting in

Most training for grooms involves working daily with horses under the
guidance of experienced stable staff. The main way to train is on an
Apprenticeship.

BHS exams Stages 1 to 4 are offered at colleges and riding schools. Topics
covered include horse care, riding and stable management, but candidates do
not need to take the riding sections for a career as an instructor.

The Association of British Riding Schools (ABRS) Preliminary Horse Care and
Riding Certificate can lead to the Grooms’ Certificate and the Grooms’
Diploma.

NVQs/SVQs in Horse Care at Levels 1 and 2, and in Horse Care and
Management at Level 3 are available for people already working with horses.
Horse riding instructor jobs4u Horse riding instructor
Faye Dean has the one job that she always wanted – working with horses. The
main task she really loves is teaching people to ride. However, she still has to do the
mundane, routine tasks such as mucking out, feeding and grooming horses.
What does your job involve?
I mainly give riding lessons to clients. This involves teaching them how to handle
horses and riding with them. I also oversee the health and safety of staff and
customers. Working with horses always includes feeding, worming, mucking out and
grooming, plus general yard duties.
How did you get into this job?
I took my First Diploma in Equine Care at college in Leeds. I followed this by
completing the National Diploma in Equine Care and BHS Stage 1, then NVQ Levels
1 to 3. During this time I had a placement at this yard and was offered a job when I
finished.
Why did you choose this type of work?
I grew up wanting to care for horses, and as I got older I wanted to teach people
about the fun and knowledge you can receive from being with a horse.
What hours do you work?
I work Monday to Friday from 8.00am to 6.00pm, depending upon the weather and
the time of year. On average, I work about 40 hours a week throughout the year.
What do you like best about your job?
Teaching nervous and/or apprehensive riders how much fun riding can be, and
seeing how much their skill and confidence grows. The biggest advantage is being
able to work with horses as a full-time job. Working outside can be very pleasant,
especially in the summer, but the winter months are cold on the feet.
Faye’s route
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
GCSEs.
First Diploma in Equine Care.
National Diploma in Equine Care.
BHS Stage 1.
NVQ Levels 1 to 3 in Equine Management.
Faye’s tips


Horses must always come first – even when you are tired and miserable.
Be prepared for long hours. However, it is a very rewarding job.
Related jobs
Horse riding holiday centre manager
Horse riding holiday centre ride leader
Horse-racing jockey/apprentice
Outdoor activities instructor
Sportsman/woman (individual)
Veterinary nurse
££ Salary information
Pay depends upon qualifications and whether accommodation, meals and livery are
provided. Starting salaries are around £12,000 and experienced instructors may
earn £18,000 to £22,000. The highest salary might be £30,000.
Getting in

Opportunities for riding instructors are reasonably good. There are over 2,000
riding schools or trekking centres around the UK, especially in rural areas.
Instructors can also work for training centres, competition yards and colleges
offering equine courses.

Most riding schools expect riding instructors to have qualifications from the
British Horse Society (BHS) or the Association of British Riding Schools
(ABRS).

Teaching courses up to NVQ Level 3 are available at colleges and riding
schools leading to BHS and ABRS Instructor’s Certificates. Each BHS
qualification usually takes a year to 18 months to complete. ABRS
examinations are practical and do not involve written papers.

The main methods of training for these qualifications are through an
Apprenticeship or BHS Apprenticeship, on a full or part-time course, as a feepaying student at a riding school or gaining the underpinning knowledge for
BHS exams through home study.
Veterinary nurse jobs4u Veterinary nurse
Julia Brigg is training to be a veterinary nurse in Cheltenham under the supervision
of qualified vets and veterinary nurses. In six months, when she has passed all her
exams and submitted her portfolio, she will be able to register with the Royal College
of Veterinary Surgeons as a veterinary nurse.
What does a veterinary nurse do?
I care for hospitalised animals, giving any medication or injections they might need. I
help the vet during examinations and operations, and go out on visits. I also carry
out laboratory examinations such as blood and urine testing.
What other responsibilities do you have?
I help in the nurse clinics, giving general information to owners about domestic
animals, doing post-operative checks and taking stitches out. I position animals for
radiographs, develop the x-rays and take blood samples. It’s also my job to keep the
surgery clean and hygienic by disinfecting it daily.
How is your day organised?
We have a rota system covering different duties and responsibilities. For instance,
when on kennel nurse duty I will also look after the sick and recovering animals and
prepare bills for clients on the computer. As a laboratory nurse I will be involved in
doing laboratory tests and sending off samples to external laboratories for further
testing.
What is your role during operations?
I prepare animals for theatre and I draw up medications such as pain relief,
anaesthetic and antibiotics. During an operation, I monitor all aspects of
anaesthesia, under the guidance of the veterinary surgeon.
What kind of equipment do you use?
All sorts of veterinary instruments – especially scissors. I regularly use an x-ray
machine/developer, laboratory equipment such as a microscope, machines for
analysing blood samples and an autoclave for equipment sterilisation. I also use
numerous pieces of equipment to monitor patients under anaesthetic, including
stethoscopes.
What was your route into this job?
I began by studying at college where I got my qualifications in animal care. While I
was still at college, I started working on reception in the evenings at the clinic. This
experience led to being offered a post as a trainee nurse.
What has your training involved so far?
My training is organised by a training provider who also assesses my NVQ portfolios.
I have to show I understand areas such as anatomy and physiology, anaesthesia
and radiography. I attend college one day a week to cover the theory side of the
course. At the clinic I have done my Certificate of Competence in the Safe use of
Veterinary Medicines.
What hours do you work?
On a typical day I work from 8.00am to 5.30pm. I am on call one weekend in four
and some evenings, but I get time off in lieu or for working anti-social hours.
What do you like about your job?
I enjoy working in a team and I really enjoy being in a place where I can learn about
veterinary medicine. Above all, I love working with animals – especially when a
patient comes in very sick and we can make them better.
Are there any downsides?
The hours are long and I am on my feet for most of the day. Also, this profession
isn’t very well paid, considering the level of training and knowledge that is required.
Julia’s route




GCSEs.
National Certificate/Diploma in Animal Care.
NVQ Level 2 in Animal Care.
HND in Veterinary Nursing.
Julia’s tips


Be prepared to tackle all jobs associated with looking after sick animals.
You need a strong stomach – blood, faeces and vomit are everyday sights.
Related jobs
Animal physiotherapist
Dog groomer
Dog trainer
Horse groom
Kennel worker
RSPCA inspector
Veterinary surgeon
££ Salary information
The starting salary for a qualified veterinary nurse is around £13,000. A head nurse
can earn over £20,000. Some practices also provide accommodation. Student
salaries vary and may include accommodation and a contribution towards training
fees.
Getting in

It takes two years to train as a veterinary nurse. This involves employmentbased training at a practice approved by the RCVS.

The minimum qualifications to start a training course are 5 GCSEs/S grades
(A-C/1-3) or equivalent, including English, maths and two science subjects, a
BTEC National Diploma or Certificate in Animal Care, or a BVNA (British
Veterinary Nurse Association) Animal Nursing Assistant Course (ANA) – a
day-release or correspondence course.

Trainees work towards NVQs/SVQs in Veterinary Nursing at Levels 2 and 3
and have to pass exams and submit a portfolio to obtain the Royal College of
Veterinary Surgeons Veterinary Nursing Certificate.

HNDs and degrees are another route to qualification, although students are
not paid during placements.

There are specialised courses for Equine Veterinary Nurses.
Veterinary surgeon jobs4u Veterinary surgeon
Patricia Mundy has almost completed her training to become a vet. She is now
finishing her final year working in practice under the supervision of a senior clinician
at the University of Cambridge’s Queen’s veterinary school hospital.
What does your job involve?
I admit animals into the hospital and carry out tests to work out what might be wrong
with them. Once I have made a decision, I discuss treatment options with senior
clinical staff and animal owners.
Do you have a typical day?
My day varies according to which animals area in and which areas of the hospital I
am working in. Usually my day begins at 8.00am, when I check the animals and
record any overnight progress. This is followed by admitting any new cases and
continuing to investigate the old cases. I usually finish at about 7.00pm.
What kind of equipment is available to you?
The veterinary school is equipped with all the regular medical diagnostic equipment
such as x-rays, ultrasound, MRI scanning machines, medicines and stethoscopes.
What kind of animals do you see?
I work with all kinds, from the smallest domestic animals and exotic pets, to horses
and other large animals. The hospital has special wards for dogs and cats, a unit for
horses and larger animals, and a university farm so that we can learn how to treat
livestock.
What inspired you to choose this career?
Inspiration to become a vet came from my interest in anatomy. I was very inquisitive
about how muscles work. Veterinary medicine seemed perfect because it allowed
me to learn about the anatomy of lots of different species and to compare them.
What kind of training do vets have to do?
In the first three years I learnt the basics of animal science, like how bodies work and
which muscles move which joints. In the fourth and fifth years we start clinical
studies, learning what happens when the muscles stop working, how this differs
between species and how they might be affected by it.
When do you start practising as a qualified vet?
That is what I am doing right now – in my sixth and final year. This is where I use all
my knowledge from the previous five years. Although I am closely supervised by
clinical staff, I am responsible for my own cases and have to decide what’s wrong
with them and how to make them better. Once I complete this year, I can apply for
veterinary jobs anywhere.
What do you like best about being a vet?
I like meeting the owners – even the very eccentric ones! But the best bit is being
able to hand animals back to their owners in a better medical state than when they
arrive.
Is there anything you dislike about the job?
It’s not nice having to deal with sick animals knowing I cannot do anything clinically
to help them recover. The hardest part is when I have to tell owners the bad news. I
find this really emotional as owners get very attached to their animals.
What qualities are needed to become a good vet?
Obviously, you must want to work with animals and get satisfaction out of helping
them to recover from their various ailments. The most important skill is
communication, because you have to be able to talk to the owners and listen to what
they say. They know their animals best. You also need to be prepared for the odd
scratch or bite. I was recently kicked in the knee by a calf!
Patricia’s route


A levels.
Degree in Veterinary Science.
Patricia’s tips


Work hard at school as this is the best foundation for any future career.
Be prepared to listen – everyone has something to teach you.
Related jobs
Animal pathologist
Animal physiotherapist
Meat hygiene inspector
RSPCA inspector
Veterinary scientist
Zoo keeper
£££ Salary information
A newly-qualified vet starts on about £20,000 a year. Senior partners can earn over
£50,000. Some employers offer benefits such as a car and accommodation
allowance.
Getting in

To study as a vet, applicants must attain high grades in at least three A
levels/H grades in subjects such as chemistry, biology, physics and maths.
Some universities accept a third A level in a non-science subject, as long as it
is an acceptably academic subject.

Veterinary degrees are available at six UK universities: Bristol, Cambridge,
Edinburgh, Glasgow, Liverpool and London (Royal Veterinary College).
Courses last for at least five years and competition for places is intense.

University veterinary school applicants must show evidence of their interest
and commitment. Useful work experience can include helping out at a local
veterinary surgery, farm work or experience with horses.
Pet shop assistant jobs4u Pet shop assistant
Nick Buckland works in the Ark Petcentre and is the envy of many of his friends.
Who wouldn’t want a job handling kittens, rabbits and hamsters all day? But would
they also want to handle the 5ft boa-constrictor that he was once called upon to
demonstrate?
What does your job involve?
I serve customers who come into the shop. They may want to buy pets or pet
products such as foodstuff, beds, cages or equipment such as dog leads or collars.
Many just come into browse, look at the animals or ask for advice. Much of the work
with animals involves cleaning out the equipment. We do this regularly using special
disinfectant.
Do you actually handle and look after the pets?
Yes. This includes the ‘furries’ such as rabbits, guinea-pigs, hamsters, mice and
kittens. I also deal with snakes and lizards, scorpions, spiders and frogs. All of
these have to be handled regularly to demonstrate to customers. I need to handle
the animals while cleaning their cages and just to make them relaxed.
What was your route into this job?
Initially, I came to work at the centre while at school during work experience. I had
always wanted to work outside and when I applied for work experience I expected to
be allocated to a zoo. However, the job suits me and I have settled here.
Do you have a typical day?
Apart from the routine cleaning, feeding and caring for the animals which are daily
tasks, the rest of the day is spent serving customers or offering advice. Although we
do have regular customers, we get a number of new customers and everyone who
walks through the door seems to have a different query or request.
What training have you received so far?
I have completed NVQ Level 2 in Customer Care. Otherwise my training has been
on a daily basis on the job. I am interested in looking at further training and
qualifications in animal care.
What hours do you work?
I work normal shop hours from 9.00am to 6.00pm. We open on Sundays, when I
work from 10.00am to 4.30pm. I average a five-day week as I get a day off in the
week and at alternate weekends.
What do you like best about your job?
I love the variety and constantly meeting new people. It is a very active and varied
job and that suits me.
Are there any disadvantages to your job?
Not really. Sometimes there are problems with animals that can be a bit upsetting.
Sometimes we lose one, which can be worrying. We once lost a snake, which we
eventually found after a long search.
What are the skills and qualities needed for this job?
A relaxed attitude to handling both pets and customers. This gives them confidence
in you and your ability to deal with them.
Nick’s route



GCSEs.
Countryside and environment course at college.
Key Skills.
Nick’s tips


Take a college course in the subject that interests you.
Take an Apprenticeship if possible.
Related jobs
Animal technician
Retail manager
Sales assistant
Store demonstrator
Store owner/manager
Veterinary nurse
£ Salary information
The starting salary for a pet shop assistant is around £9,500 to £10,000. An
experienced assistant could earn about £12,500. Assistant managers of pet shops
can earn £12,500 to £14,000.
Getting in

No formal academic qualifications are required to work as a pet shop
assistant. However, qualifications in pet care are useful. Apprenticeships
may be available.

For small animal retailing, related qualifications include the BTEC First
Diploma in Animal Care and BTEC National Diploma in Animal Management.

Relevant qualifications for aquatics and ornamental fish retailing are the City
& Guilds National Certificate in Aquatics and Ornamental Fish Management
and BTEC National Diploma in Aquatics and Ornamental Fish Management.
Dog groomer jobs4u Dog groomer
Heidi Meek is a dog groomer. She is coming to the end of her Apprenticeship as a
dog grooming technician and plans to set up her own dog grooming business.
What does your job involve?
The most important part of my job is to groom dogs. This means cleaning, combing
and cutting a dog’s hair – just like a hairdresser. Sometimes, we have t clip a dog to
a set style, especially if it is a show animal. I also have reception duties, booking in
and booking out dogs, taking the money and teaching owners and students how to
groom their own pets.
What is involved in grooming?
Grooming can take two hours. Initially, we assess the dog’s condition, looking for
any lumps and checking the skin by parting the hair to see if the dog has any ticks,
fleas or any red, sore or inflamed areas that may require treatment. The dog’s eyes,
ears, mouth, nose, feet and nails are also checked.
Clipping usually starts with a rough coat cutting using scissors, before shampooing,
drying with a specialist hairdryer and then brushing or combing to get rid of tangles.
I use electric clippers to trim the dog into the right shape for the breed. The animal is
then brushed or combed through before a final trim with sharp scissors. Dog
groomers also clip claws and clean ears and teeth, as well as treating parasites.
What equipment do you use?
Lots of grooming equipment such as scissors, clippers, hairdryers, a drying cabinet,
nail clippers, blades, brushes and combs.
What hours do you work?
I work a normal 36-hour week. Dogs are booked in between 9.30am and 10.30am
and we work on them until the end of the day. I catch up on the paperwork until
5.00pm.
Why did you choose this type of work?
I always wanted to work with animals. When I read about dog grooming I could
really see myself doing it and I have never looked back since. I just love dogs and
cats, and I think it also helped owning a dog myself who needed constant grooming.
What do you like best about your job?
Some of the dogs are so loving it is a real joy to groom them. they come into the
parlour looking really scruffy and sorry for themselves, and leave looking absolutely
gorgeous!
What skills and qualities are needed?
As well as liking dogs, you need people skills for working with others and talking to
customers. A patient, positive and caring attitude is important. You also need a
strong stomach as not all dogs are well looked after. They might be incontinent or
you could have to deal with fleas and worms.
Heidi’s route




GCSEs.
Worked part time to fund place on a two-year dog grooming course.
NVQ Levels 2 and 3 in Animal Care (Dog Grooming).
Apprenticeship at Shuttleworth College.
Heidi’s tips


Grooming equipment is costly to buy, but if you buy good quality items and
look after them well, they will last throughout your career.
It is the quality of your grooming and how you care for the dog that matters
mostly, not how many you can do in one day.
Related jobs
Animal physiotherapist
Animal technician
Assistance dog trainer
Dog trainer
Horse groom
Veterinary nurse
£ Salary information
A newly-qualified dog groomer can start on around £10,000 a year, rising to £20,000
for experienced dog grooming techniques.
Getting in

Dog groomers can train on the job, perhaps as an apprentice, or take a
course in dog grooming at a private college.

Academic qualifications are not usually required, although it helps to have
some knowledge and experience of different breeds of dog.

Qualifications in animal care/dog grooming include NVQs/SVQs, City & Guilds
certificates and BTEC qualifications.

With 18 months of practical experience, dog groomers can do a City & Guilds
Dog Grooming Certificate that involves an examination and practical tests
working on three breeds of dog.
Kennel worker jobs4u Kennel worker
Ian Parley is a kennel welfare officer at one of the dog centres for the charity,
Hearing Dogs for Deaf People. He looks after nearly 70 dogs, as well as a
menagerie of other animals such as sheep, goats and chickens.
What does your job involve?
My job is to ensure that all dogs and animals are cared for and that their environment
is kept clean and hygienic.
What is your daily timetable?
My day starts with feeding the livestock. Once the dogs have been fed and walked, I
clean the kennels and outside runs. then the dogs are groomed and have their daily
health checks. In the afternoon I might take dogs to the vet for a check up or to the
hospital to be neutered, or I make sure they are up to date with vaccinations,
worming and flea treatments.
Do you use any special equipment?
I am deaf, so in addition to the general kennel equipment, I use a mobile phone for
everyday contacts and a loop system in meetings. I also use a van, which I have to
keep clean and ready for the next journey.
What was your route into this job?
I started off doing voluntary work as a gamekeeper’s assistant, where my duties
included cleaning out kennels and helping to train and exercise the gundogs. Whilst
I was studying for my HNC – and later while I was working – I did additional
voluntary work in boarding kennels.
Why do you have other livestock at the kennel centre?
They are all here to help socialise the dogs in training. We have sheep, goats and
chickens as well as two cats. When I’m cleaning out the straw from the chicken hut,
a sheep and a goat often try to help by eating the straw. Fizz (the goat) regularly
steals the bag I’m putting the straw into and I have to chase her to get it back!
What training have you received so far?
I undertook entry level and level 1 training, in which I learned pre and post-operative
procedures, dog obedience, kennel enrichment and stress reduction techniques, and
how to give ‘health talks’ on all aspects of a dog’s healthcare to deaf recipients.
What hours do you work?
I work two different shifts, alternating between one week from 8.00am to 4.00pm and
one from 10.30am till 6.30pm.
What do you like best about your job?
I like the fact that I’m helping other deaf people gain more independence, as well as
giving dogs a good life. Because many of our dogs are selected from rescue centres
or donated as unwanted pets, we can transform their lives in a really positive way.
Ian’s route



GCSEs.
HNC in Electronic Engineering.
Training with Hearing Dogs for Deaf People.
Ian’s tips


Get experience of working with animals through voluntary work or work
experience placements.
A qualification in animal welfare gives you a head start.
Related jobs
Animal technician
Assistance dog trainer
Dog groomer
Horse groom
Veterinary nurse
Zoo keeper
£ Salary information
Salaries range from £10,000 a year for trainees, to £15,000 for experienced or senior
kennel workers.
Getting in

Academic requirements vary, but most employers ask for up to five
GCSEs/S grades (A-C/1-3) to include maths, English and a science subject.

A diploma or BTEC in a Small Animal Care or another recognised animal
course at the equivalent level, or veterinary nurse training is desirable.

Useful experience includes working with animals, such as work experience in
a kennels or a veterinary surgery.

It is preferable if applicants have had experience – personal, voluntary or paid
– of working with the elderly or with people with a disability.
Assistance dog trainer jobs4u Assistance dog trainer
Sarah Allom trains dogs to help deaf and hard of hearing people cope with everyday
life. The dogs undertake four months of intensive training with Sarah before being
placed with deaf recipients.
What does your job involve?
I teach dogs to alert their owners to chosen everyday sounds such as the telephone,
doorbell and smoke alarm. They alert their owners by touching them and then
leading them to the source of the sound. For danger sounds such as smoke or
burglar alarms they are taught to lie down.
How do you choose dogs for training?
Dogs are selected from rescue centres or donated by members of the public. I have
four or five dogs allocated to me at any one time. We train dogs of all shapes and
sizes and look for those which are alert, sociable and loving.
What does their training involve?
They spend time in the training centre learning the sounds and obedience training.
They all go into town at least once a week in their burgundy coats, so they get used
to traffic, people and any specific environments required by their recipient, such as
offices or schools.
What equipment do you use to do this?
We have four training houses equipped with smoke alarms, alarm clocks, cooker
timers and a variety of doorbells and telephones.
Do you keep in touch with the dogs you train?
Yes. We contact the people regularly to ensure they are working well together and
answer any questions or solve any training problems they may have.
Have you always worked with animals?
No. After university I worked in an office learning people skills, becoming computer
literate and gaining some confidence, and then I took some time off to go travelling.
However, I have always been fascinated by animal behaviour. When I cam home I
applied for some jobs with animals and was offered a job with an organisation
training assistance dogs. This job is varied and interesting and I am helping to make
a real difference to people’s lives.
What specific training have you had for this job?
It is a very thorough training programme. First I was sent on a Deaf Awareness
course and I have also learnt Sign Language. For the dog training, we have
intensive instruction over the first six months, although I think you never stop
learning.
What hours do you work?
I work a normal 36-hours week, starting at 9.00am and finishing at 5.00pm.
Sometimes I do work extra when I want to complete a task – but that is down to me.
What do you like best about your job?
I like the fact that I am doing something which makes a difference to people. I get a
lot of satisfaction from improving the lives of the rescue dogs we take in and train, as
well as the people who receive the dogs.
What are the skills and qualities needed?
Patience is the most important requirement for training dogs, as well as
understanding the needs of deaf and hard of hearing people.
What are your long-term career goals?
I want to stay in this job and hopefully move on to training other trainers.
Sarah’s route




Degree in Zoology.
Deaf Awareness course.
Specialist dog training course.
British Sign Language Level 1 – currently studying Level 2.
Sarah’s tips


Learning Sign Language is great fun and easy to do, even at evening classes.
Any qualification in animal behaviour is a good grounding for training
assistance dogs.
Related jobs
Animal physiotherapist
Dog trainer
Horse trainer
RSPCA Inspector
Veterinary nurse
££ Salary information
A trainee assistance dog trainer can earn between £12,000 and £18,000, rising to
£20,000 with experience.
Getting in

Experience of handling dogs and relevant qualifications are helpful, such as
NVQs/SVQs in Animal Care.

Minimum qualifications vary according to the charity and whether the job
involves initial or advanced training. Guide dog trainers need a minimum of
three GCSEs or equivalent. Advanced trainers may need to offer two A levels
or higher qualifications in subjects related to animal behaviour.

Experience of working with the elderly or disabled is an advantage. An
understanding of the particular disability the dogs are being trained for is
helpful.
Farrier jobs4u Farrier
Nathan Appleton’s job brings him into contact with horses and sometimes with their
owners. He works from a pick-up-van – travelling to stables to shoe horses for
owners who can vary from local farmers to racehorse owners and, even professional
footballers.
Do you have a typical day?
Working days and hours vary. I normally arrive at the forge at about 6.30am, collect
a work sheet, and organise shoes and other equipment I might need for the day. I
then clean the vehicle, polish my work boots and set off to the first job with an
apprentice, usually by about 9.00am. The rest of the day is spent travelling to
premises to shoe trim or assess all types of horses.
The time spent with each client depends upon the number of horses to be checked.
Up to 100 horses could be involved at a large-scale stable and each horse requires
individual attention. Sometimes I visit local suppliers or vets, to collect equipment or
medical supplies – arriving back at my forge premises by 6.00pm.
What equipment do you use?
All my farriery equipment is in a pick-up vehicle. I use a gas forge, an anvil and a
vice, plus a variety of tools such as tongs, safety glasses, hammers, rasps and nail
pullers. I also carry a large selection of horse shoes, nails and glues.
How did you get into this job?
I left school with GCSEs and applied to the Farriery Training Service for a list of
approved farriers who would train me as an apprentice. I completed an
Apprenticeship over four-and-a-half years which included 22 weeks at college.
Why did you choose this type of work?
Although I am quite academic, I much prefer to be working outside. This career is
interesting, varied and specialised and it enables me to travel and meet new and
interesting people. I also like working with animals. It is physically challenging, yet I
find it rewarding to see my work appreciated by both horse and client!
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the job?
Every day is different and I enjoy working with professionals. I find it very rewarding
and satisfying. The only disadvantage is that there are not enough hours in the day
to do what I have to do.
What skills and qualities are necessary for this job?
You must be willing, honest and hard working. You need to have a love of horses
and be able to communicate with clients. You must respect confidentiality and be
reliable and dedicated.
What are your long-term work goals?
Eventually I want to own and run my own forge with apprentices who are working
and training with me.
Nathan’s route



GCSEs.
Apprenticeship in Farriery.
NVQ Level 3 in Farriery.
Nathan’s tips


Gain work experience in something you really want to do.
Be prepared to move or travel to find the right job.
Related jobs
Blacksmith
Horse groom
£ Salary information
Apprentice farriers can earn up to £8,500, rising to between £11,000 and £14,000 on
completion. Experienced farriers can earn more than £50,000. Most farriers are
self-employed, earning fees for completed work.
Getting in

Farriers can only enter the trade through an Apprenticeship in Farriery and
must be registered with The Farriers Registration Council to carry out their
work.

Candidates must be at least 16 years of age and the minimum entry
requirements are four GCSEs/S grades (A-C/1-3), including English.

All apprentices are in paid employment, so prospective candidates must find
an employer for the apprenticeship period. There are approximately 300
approved training farriers on the Farriery Training Service’s (FTS) list.

Off-the-job training is held at FTS approved colleges in England and Scotland
– Herefordshire College of Technology, Myerscough College, Lancashire,
Warwickshire College and Oatridge Agricultural College, Edinburgh.
Florist jobs4u Florist
Horticulture is a huge industry and the largest employer in the UK. You could
be working in the retail sector or providing a garden design service. There are
also opportunities working in a scientific environment developing new plant
varieties and developing disease control techniques.
Janine Roberts started to work in a florist shop as soon as she left school. After an
Apprenticeship and further retail experience, she now owns her own shop in York
and hopes to open more shops in the future.
What are your main responsibilities?
I decide what stock to order and make it look fresh and attractive each day. I must
look after customers coming into the shop and see that orders are dealt with
satisfactorily. I also have the financial responsibility of the shop and must ensure
sales are sufficient to cover all expenses, leaving enough for me to live comfortably.
Do you have a typical day?
Not really, as all the customers and their requests are sufficiently different to make
each day interesting. Apart from serving customers I have to allocate time to create
displays, such as wedding bouquets, buttonholes, floral tributes and wreaths. I also
try to build up contracts to supply displays to offices, hotels and shops. I meet a
wide variety of people as a result.
What equipment do you use if any?
I use a till for cash and cheques and a computer to check invoices. I also have an
automated response machine for instant confirmation of credit card transactions.
What was your route into this job?
I completed a two-year Apprenticeship course at college, which involved training in a
florist shop for four days each week plus at day at college. The training involved a
variety of tasks, from learning how to arrange flowers into different designs to
conditioning flowers and caring form them. It also included how to serve customers
and take orders. I then gained further retail experience working for a florist before
setting up my own business.
I like being creative and working with flowers. I get real satisfaction from displaying
flowers in my shop and making arrangements for customers which reflect my
personal input.
What hours do you work?
The shop opening hours are Tuesday to Saturday from 8.30am to 5.00pm.
However, I usually get to the shop a little earlier to take deliveries and sort everything
out before opening the door.
What do you like best about your job?
I really enjoy the feedback from customers who appreciate the arrangements I make.
Also, being surrounded by colourful flowers is such a nice environment in which to
work.
What disadvantages are there to running your own business?
You have to put in long hours as the business side has to be done as well as the day
job of working in the shop. Also, it is hard work at the beginning until the business
becomes sufficiently profitable to support extra help and for me to take holidays.
What skills and qualities are needed?
You must have an eye for detail, artistic flair, good communication skills and have a
friendly personality.
Janine’s route



GCSEs.
Two-year Apprenticeship in Floristry.
NVQ Level 2 in Floristry.
Janine’s tips


You will gain experience more quickly by combining work with training through
an Apprenticeship, rather than taking a full-time college course.
Be creative and don’t be afraid to try out new designs and ideas.
Related jobs
Garden designer
Greengrocer
Horticultural/garden centre worker/manager
Market trader
Retail manager
£ Salary information
There are no set pay scales for florists – rates can vary enormously, depending on
the size of the shop and where it is situated. A full-time entrant will start at around
£9,000 to £10,000, rising to £14,000 to £15,000 with experience.
Getting in

Florists are most likely to work in small businesses employing fewer than five
people. There is no upper age limit for becoming a florist, and no academic
qualifications are required. Apprenticeships (Skillseekers in Scotland) may be
available.

People who go directly into floristry are trained on the job. It is also possible
to enter after a course of training which may lead to a BTEC First Diploma in
Floristry, BTEC National Diploma in Floristry or BTEC Higher National
Diploma in Floristry – a two or three-year course that prepares students for
managerial work or self-employment.

Entry qualifications are usually five GCSEs/S grades (A-C/1-3) with one A
level/H grade. NVQ/SVQ Levels 2 to 3 in Floristry are available with City &
Guilds national Certificate in Professional Floristry – entry usually with
NVQ/SVQ Level 2 in Floristry.

Experienced florists can gain the Intermediate Certificate of the Society of
Floristry (ICSF) followed by the National Diploma of the Society of Floristry
(NDSF), the highest floristry award in the UK, which has international
recognition. Some colleges offer courses to prepare florists for the ICSF and
the NDSF.
Garden designer jobs4y Garden designer
Becky Bishop is a partner in a landscape design and construction company. she is
responsible for drawing up plans and supervising the construction of gardens, as
well as choosing the trees, plants and shrubs to go in them.
What does your job involve?
I visit the client and discuss the main requirements. After inspecting the site, I go
away and draw up a design. Apart from the plants I need to think about other
materials to use, such as water features, path coverings, fencing and so forth. I
discuss this with the client, estimate the costs and work out a schedule of how to
bring the design into reality.
How do you organise the project?
I organise the delivery of materials needed, brief my partner on what jobs need doing
on site and then supervise all the planting. However, most projects cannot be
completed in two days as in TV make-over programmes!
What do you do in a typical day?
It can be a mix of tasks. For instance, I could be taking a brief from a potential client,
drawing up plans or talking through them with the customer. I could also be working
on site, buying materials and plants or doing some office work. Apart from the
garden design work I get involved in the business tasks associated with running a
company – sales and marketing, paying wages and keeping accounts.
What hours do you work?
I have to be flexible, but mostly I work from 9.00am to 5.00pm. I visit clients in the
evening and on Saturdays, as I have to fit in with when people work and when they
are available to see me.
What equipment do you use?
Drawing equipment because my designs are very creative and are all drawn by
hand, not on the computer. I also use surveying equipment and all sorts of
gardening tools on site.
What do you like best about your job?
I like having the opportunity to be creative at work. Also, it is satisfying being your
own boss and working to your own standards. However, it can be hard sometimes
working outside in wet and cold weather.
Becky’s route


GCSEs.
A levels.


National Diploma in Art and Design.
Degree in Garden Design.
Becky’s tips


Once you have made a career decision go for it. If you have the confidence
and commitment to be a success you will achieve it.
Remember that your clients are paying you for a design they will be happy
with. Be flexible and don’t try forcing them to accept your ideas.
Related jobs
Countryside ranger/warden
Landscape architect
Landscaper
Parks officer
££ Salary information
Garden designers can earn from £15,000 to more than £30,000. Many work on a
freelance basis, so incomes are based either on an hourly rate or set projects.
Getting in

Few companies employ garden designers directly and most designers are,
therefore, self-employed. However, many garden centres and landscaping
companies offer a garden design service – offering scope for freelance
services.

Most clients choose garden designers on the basis of previous experience
and relevant qualifications.

A variety of HNC/HND and foundation courses are available with degrees in
garden design offered at many universities and colleges. NVQs/SVQs in
Constructing and Restoring Landscapes at Level 2 and 3, Designing and
Specifying Land Designs at Level 3 and Designing Landscapes and Planning
their Management at Level 4, are also on offer.
Garden centre manager jobs4u Horticultural/garden centre worker/manager
Andrew Strudwick is the outdoor plant area manager at Dobbies Garden Centre in
Aberdeen. He feels he has the perfect job for someone who likes working in the
open air and in an environment that changes with the seasons.
What does your job involve?
My responsibilities cover the management of the outdoor area of the garden centre.
This includes the care of plants and equipment. The outdoor area stocks a wide
range of different plants, terracotta pots, stoneware, compost and fencing and trellis.
I also have a role in ordering and maintaining stock levels, liaising with suppliers,
helping customers and supervising staff, as well as duty manager responsibilities.
Do you have a typical day?
Not really, as every day can be different. Monday is often taken up with ordering
stock and liaising with suppliers. The next two days are spent tidying up the centre
after the peak weekend trading – sweeping the paths, pruning, dead-heading and
watering the plants.
Plant supplies arrive on Thursday and Friday and these have to be sorted, priced
and displayed in readiness for the weekend. All these tasks, are fitted around
serving the customers as well.
Do you have any responsibility for buying?
Yes. I have just returned from Germany, where I was visiting a supplier and seeing
their range of stock. I purchased a wide range of plants.
What are the skills and qualities needed for this job?
You need good communication skills, good time keeping and flexibility to work
additional hours at peak periods.
Why did you choose this type of work?
I enjoy being outside and there is a good variety of different things happening
throughout the year. I like plants and after leaving school began working part-time at
this garden centre which led to a full-time job.
Andrew’s route



S Grades (GCSEs in England).
Specialist course in amenity horticulture at Clinterty College, Aberdeen.
City & Guilds course in Horticulture.
Andrews’s tips



Rewards for working hard at work usually include opportunities for more
training and chances to climb the ladder.
Always be keen and willing.
Don’t hesitate to go for what you really want to do.
Related jobs
Arboricultural worker/tree surgeon
Forest officer
Gardener
Greenkeeper
Groundsperson
Parks officer
£ Salary information
Starting salaries are around £10,000. Experienced horticultural and garden centre
workers may earn £12,000 a year, and those in larger garden centres with more
responsibility may be paid up to £15,000. Managers can earn from £20,000 upwards
depending on the size of the business.
Getting in

Apprenticeships (Skillseekers in Scotland) may be available leading to
NVQs/SVQs in Horticulture and Forestry up to Level 3. There are also
NVQs/SVQs at Level 4, which are aimed at developing management skills.

Entrants might be taken on by larger businesses that offer a management
trainee scheme. Entry is normally with a HND/HNC on a management trainee
scheme. Entry is normally with a HND/HNC or a Degree in Horticulture.

People who start work at a junior level may study part-time or by distance
learning for relevant certificates or diplomas, or for the Royal Horticultural
Society (RHS) General Certificate, Advanced Certificate or Diploma in
Horticulture, or Master of Horticulture. Part time and open learning courses
are available for many of these qualifications.

It may also be possible to do a college course for the City & Guilds National
and Advanced National Certificates in Horticulture (NCH and ANCH ) or a
BTEC National Diploma.
Tree surgeon jobs4u Arboricultural worker/tree surgeon
Andrew Dodsworth is a chargehand arborist, which is the technical name for a tree
surgeon. There is far more to this job than merely cutting down trees. They are a
much protected species and the legal and technical problems involved in dealing
with them are his responsibility.
What does your job involve?
I attend to trees in a variety of city, countryside and conservation areas. This
includes cutting down dead or dangerous trees, limb removing, pruning and shaping,
stump grinding and hedge cutting. I also carry out cable and rod bracing and
surveys of mature trees.
What equipment do you use for this?
I use chainsaws to prune trees and remove diseased or weak branches. Tractors
are used for removing trees and heavy branches. I also use other specialist
equipment, such as hoists and harnesses for working at heights and mechanical
wood chippers to reduce the branches to mulch, which can either be left on site or
removed easily.
Do you have a typical day?
Most days consist of working onsite. I may have to visit a client to discuss the work
required and recommend what needs to be done. The trees involved may be in a
conservation areas and covered by a Tree Preservation Order. This would need the
consent of the local authority before works could be carried out, so I would help the
client with the paperwork required for an application to be made.
Once we have decided what to do, I have to carry out the work making sure it
complies with British Standards. Finally, I have to make arrangements to dispose of
the waste material and clean the machinery that we have used.
Why did you choose this type of work?
I wanted to work outdoors and at the same time have a skill that would lead to a
career.
What training did you receive?
After leaving school, I went to college to obtain a National Diploma in Arboriculture
and a NVQ Level 2 in Woodland Management. I am still receiving vocational on-thejob training.
What hours do you work?
I work five days a week, Monday to Friday from 7.30am to 4.00pm. I may be called
out in an emergency to attend to trees damaged during storms. Sometimes, fallen
trees may have damaged buildings.
What skills and qualities are required for this job?
Arborists have to climb trees, so a head for heights is essential. You also have to be
physically fit.
Andrew’s route



GCSEs.
National Diploma in Arboriculture.
NVQ Level 2 in Woodland Management.
Andrew’s tips



Go to college.
Pass your driving test.
Keep yourself fit.
Related jobs
Arboriculturist
Countryside ranger/warden
Forest officer
Forest worker
Gardener
Greenkeeper
Groundsperson
Horticultural/garden centre worker/manager
Landscaper
£ Salary information
Salaries for arboricultural workers start at around £11,000, rising with experience to
£18,500. The highest salary might be around £24,000 for an exceptional climber
who works quickly.
Getting in

There are no set minimum entry requirements for arboricultural workers, but
there are a number of useful courses.

All arboricultural workers must be able to show competence in their job
through the completion of National Proficiency Tests Council (NPTC)
certificates, or other professional certification such as the National Certificate
in Horticulture (City & Guilds) which includes arboriculture options at some
colleges.

BTEC National Diploma courses in Arboriculture, Forestry and Arboriculture
or Countryside Management (Woodland Management) are usually available
as two-year, full-time courses.

Certificate in Arboriculture (Theory) Craftsman Level 2 combined with a
number of NPTC certificates of competence can lead to successful application
for the full Certificate in Arboriculture (Royal Forestry Society).

NVQs/SVQs Level 2 in Arboriculture and Level 3 in Tree work (Arboriculture)
are available. Level 3 includes supervisory skills. This can be useful for
workers aiming to gain work as supervisors or foremen.

The International Society of Arboriculture provides a certified arborist
qualification through its UK branch. This qualification is gained through
attendance at seminars and the completion of written exams.
Laboratory diagnostician jobs4u Agricultural/biological/horticultural scientist
Kim Roberts works as a laboratory diagnostician at The Scottish Agricultural
Science Agency (SASA). Her role is a bit like being an agricultural detective. From
autumn through to spring she concentrates on potato fields, checking soil for pests.
Her summer months are spent identifying a common agricultural pest – greenfly.
What do you do?
I detect and identify insects which damage crops. Part of my job is to look for worms
called potato cyst nematodes (PCN) which, as their name implies, destroy potatoes.
I also identify aphids, or greenfly, which are an important agricultural pest species as
they transmit plant viruses. One of my jobs is to keep very destructive pests like the
yellow-and-black striped. Colorado beetle out of Britain. Occasionally, they sneak in
on imported herbs or vegetables. If someone finds a suspected Colorado beetle, it is
sent to us for identification.
What equipment do you use?
The most essential item is my microscope to look for cysts from washed soil samples
and in summer for aphid identification. Aphids are collected in special 40ft suction
traps. I also use chemicals, a fume cupboard, centrifuge, specialised equipment for
drying and washing soil samples, and office equipment such as computers and
photocopiers.
How do you divide your time?
In the summer, I spend most of my time sorting and identifying samples for the
suction trap, then entering data into a computer database. In the winter I examine
soil samples.
What was your route into this job?
I was a volunteer warden for six months on the Isles of Scilly. I had an interest in
inspect species, so was asked to collect earwigs for a researcher from St Andrews
University. This led to temporary work assisting with his earwig research. After this,
I got a temporary position at SASA before moving to my present position.
Why did you choose to work with insects?
I wasn’t all that keen on science subjects until my sixth year when I started biology.
It ended up being my best subject and I went on to do a zoology degree. It wasn’t
until I left university that I discovered an interest in insects.
What sort of training have you had?
The training for some parts of this job can take more than two years. When I first
started I was given soil samples with different types of cysts placed on them to see
how many I could retrieve and identify. I was also taught how to identify aphids and
to use the key, slides and reference sections. Other skills are learning how to use
microscopes, databases and fieldwork techniques.
What hours do you work?
I work a 37 hour week on a flexitime system. It means I can start work as early as
7.00am and finish early in the afternoon, for instance.
What do you like best about your job?
I like field work and aphid identification best. We undertake our own research
projects and also assist other organisations with their research in this area.
What are your longer-term career goals?
I would like to be involved in more research, preferably studying animal behaviour or
conservation issues. It means I will have to undertake further study such as a
masters degree or doctorate.
Kim’s route




S Grades (GCSEs in England).
H grades ( A levels in England).
Degree in Zoology at the University of Dundee.
Currently taking a Masters Degree in Wildlife Biology and Conservation.
Kim’s tips


Voluntary or summer holiday work is a good way to build experience and
make contacts.
Biological institutions often look for temporary staff to help at busy times of the
year.
Related jobs
Biologist
Botanist
Countryside/conservation officer
Entomologist
Environmental scientist
Marine biologist
Research scientist
£££ Salary information
Scientists working in academic or government institutions earn between £19,000 and
£60,000. Someone starting in a research position in a university and with a
doctorate, will receive around £19,000, for instance, rising to £35,000 to £45,000 in a
senior research position with a government department or agency.
Getting in

For a degree course, applicants usually need at least two A levels/three or
four H grades and five GCSEs/S grades (A-C/1-3) in science subjects,
English and maths, or equivalent qualifications. Some will accept
HNCs/HNDs, national certificates/diplomas, or NVQs/SVQs Levels 3 or 4.

Most scientists have further education qualifications in agriculture, biological
or horticultural subjects.

A Knowledge Transfer Partnership (KTP) is a great way to fast-track a
scientific career. Those with a HNC.HND, NVQ Level 4, foundation degree or
degree can apply. Log onto www.ktponline.org.uk for further details.

It is possible to gain entry in agricultural/biological/horticulture research as a
technician – entrants usually need at least four GCSEs/S grades (A-C/1-3),
including science, English and maths, or equivalent qualifications.
Changes in farming practices and increasing demands from consumers at the
other end of the food chain point to a wide range of career opportunities.
Highly qualified and motivated professionals, alongside those with more
traditional agricultural and land management training, are needed to meet
these challenges.
Farm manager jobs4u Farm manager
Ruth Ferguson is a trainee manager at an organic farm in Northern Ireland. In the
six months since she has been working at Ballylagan, Ruth has had to learn a lot
about organic farming methods, and how to mange the land without using chemical
fertilisers.
What do you do?
I help run a mixed organic farm. We keep cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry and horses,
and we also produce fruit and vegetables. I also have to do office work and
maintain the farm records, as well as ordering animal feed and organising licences
for animal movement.
What is special about organic farming?
The animals are reared in the most natural way possible, without chemicals in their
food or unnecessary medicines, unless they are ill and need veterinary treatment.
The animals are allowed to grow at their own pace and this results in a better quality
food product. Organic farming is also kinder to the environment than normal farming
methods.
What is a typical day like for you?
I walk round the fields to make sure none of the livestock are missing or unwell, or to
see if they need moving to fresh grass. After feeding poultry and pigs I do whatever
jobs arise on the day. I might need to trim sheep’s’ feet, or plant seeds and weed
the vegetables. There is always routine maintenance work to be done as well.
Do you get involved in marketing the produce?
At present, I am only involved in making sure all the livestock and crops are
produced to reach the right stage for marketing on time.
Do your tasks change with the seasons?
Yes. In the summer, I keep an eye on grass growth and organise contractors to cut
and bale it for winter feed. In winter, the cattle are housed indoors, so a lot of time is
spent feeding them, bedding their houses with straw and scraping out the areas they
stand to eat. Also, because of the weather we wait until the spring when the soil is
warmer. Then we will be ploughing, working the soil and sowing the seeds.
What hours do you work?
Generally, I start at around 6.30am and finish at 6.00pm for five days, plus Saturday
mornings. I have time off for breakfast and other meals as well. It means I probably
work about 46 hours a week on average.
Do you use lots of farm equipment?
Mostly I use a wheelbarrow, brush, shovel and forks for mucking out and keeping the
bedding clean. I drive the tractor for moving material and field cultivations.
What kind of training have you had?
I received most of my training working on farms and at college. I have also been on
various courses to learn about organic farming and the methods we need to use.
What skills and qualities do you need?
You need to be practically minded. You also need to be patient when working with
animals because often they will do the opposite to what you want them to do.
Ruth’s route



A levels.
Degree in Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Economy.
NVQ Level 2 in Livestock Production.
Ruth’s tips


This job is a good choice if you want to work with animals and have an active
outdoor career.
You must be prepared for hard physical work and be willing to work in
extreme weather conditions.
Related jobs
Countryside/conservation officer
Countryside ranger/warden
Fish farmer
Horticultural/garden centre worker/manager
Landscape manager
£££ Salary information
Generally, salary levels for trainees and newly-qualified graduates will start from
£17,000 to £18,000,rising to £25,000 to £30,000 with experience. Salaries can rise
to £40,000 on larger farms. Bonuses paid on profit levels may be part of the salary
package. Managers are expected to live nearby and job offers often include
accommodation.
Getting in

Increasingly, farm managers are graduates and have some practical
experience working as a unit or assistant manager or supervisor. However,
non-degree qualifications plus extensive practical experience can also provide
a route to management

Agricultural subjects (including Farming Management and Organic Farming)
can be studied at a variety of different levels – from certificate to postgraduate
– on courses ranging from short distance-learning modules to full-time
postgraduate study.

Apprenticeships (Skillseekers in Scotland) are available in Agricultural Crops
and Livestock (Agriculture and Commercial Horticulture in Scotland), leading
to NVQs/SVQs Level 3 in Agricultural Crop Production, Livestock Production
or Mixed Farming.

City & Guilds NVQs/SVQs at Level 4 include Agriculture (Livestock
Management) and Agriculture and Commercial Horticulture (Crop
Management).
Farm worker (livestock) jobs4u Farm worker (livestock)
Lisa Bushrod is a farm apprentice in Cornwall. She attends Duchy College every
Monday, but the majority of her time is spent working as a stockperson and tractor
driver at the college farm, looking after sheep and cows.
What is involved as a farm apprentice?
It’s a mixture of learning on the job and college courses. When I am at college I
study theory, learning about animal health, feeding, breeding, housing and
marketing. On the farm, I am part of the team and I don’t feel like a student at all.
What kind of jobs do you have to do?
At the moment the cows are calving, so I prepare milk for the calves and feed the
young stock. After breakfast, I check on the sheep on the quad bike. After lunch, I
organise stock tasks, do some odd jobs and later on I help to get the cows in for
milking.
Is it very physical work?
Yes, there’s always a lot of cleaning and scraping out to do, especially in the winter
when the cows are in the yards, and I have to sweep out wet and soiled sawdust
from their cubicles and put out clean sawdust.
What equipment do you use on the farm?
During the day I drive a range of tractors, the quad bike and the pick-up truck. For
stock tasks, I use the relevant equipment to make it easier for me to work with the
animals, such as sheep shearers and foot trimmers.
What hours do you do?
I work a 39-hour week, although overtime is available. I start early, at 7.00am. As a
team, we work alternate weekends.
What qualifications have you achieved so far?
I have an NVQ Level 2 in Agriculture and I’m now doing Level 3. I have taken
courses on topics such as first aid, driving different types of vehicles and using a
chainsaw. I have also achieved NPTC (National Proficiency Tests Council)
certificates of competence in basic stockmanship and welfare, sheep shearing and
how to use animal medicines and sheep dips safely.
What other skills do you need to learn?
Calving is still new to me. I am also keen to learn milking. In farming, you never
stop learning and you can never know it all.
Why did you choose farming as a career?
Originally, I did an art and design course but didn’t like working in a office as I much
preferred working outdoors in a freer environment. I knew I wanted to work with
animals and started by helping a local farmer with lambing. He encouraged me to
apply for an Apprenticeship.
What is the most rewarding aspect of your job?
That is easy. I love caring for the animals. There are times when I have to nurse
sick animals back to health, or revive new born lambs that might die if I wasn’t there
to help. I love spring and lambing time – the novelty of having all the baby lambs
running around still hasn’t worn off and I don’t think it ever will!
What are the disadvantages?
The hours can be very unsociable and it is hard getting motivated on a wet, dark and
cold morning. Animals don’t stop for holidays or weekends – they always need
looking after. Also, you must be prepared to get dirty.
What qualities are needed for this job?
You need to have common sense and be keen to learn. You also need to be able to
take the rough with the smooth because not every job is pleasant!
What will you do once you have finished your Apprenticeship?
I would find it hard, financially to own my own farm or rent one. However, I would
like to establish my own flock of sheep and do some relief milking for local dairy
farmers.
Lisa’s route



GCSEs.
Farming Apprenticeship through Duchy College.
NVQ Level 2 in Livestock Production.
Lisa’s tips



Love working with animals.
Don’t be easily put off by weather conditions.
Get some experience by offering to help on local farms.
Related jobs
Agricultural engineer
Farm manager
Forest worker
Gamekeeper
Gardener
Groundsperson
Horticultural/garden centre worker/manager
Veterinary nurse
££ Salary information
The Agricultural Wages Board recommends hourly wage levels for all farm workers.
The minimum rate for an adult (aged 19 or more) standard worker is £5.40 an hour.
The minimum Grade 1 rate for an experienced farm worker/unit supervisor is £7.29
an hour – representing an annual salary for a 39-hour week of £14,700. Overtime is
usually available and some farms offer accommodation.
Getting in

Qualifications are not always necessary and Apprenticeships (Skillseekers in
Scotland) are available.

Qualifications depend on the type of farming chosen and include NVQs/SVQs
Level 1 to 3 in Crop or Livestock Production and NPTC Technical Certificates
in Agriculture. The National Certificate in Agriculture is a more academic
route which usually involves two days of college a week.

Once an Apprenticeship has been completed it is possible to move onto more
advanced qualifications such as NVQ/SVQ Level 4, a BTEC National
Award/Diploma in Agriculture, or a foundation degree.

Full and part-time college courses are available in agriculture such as a BTEC
first or national diploma, HNC, City & Guilds national certificate and
foundation degrees.
Farm worker (crops) jobs4u Farm worker (crops)
Liam Cannicott looks after the arable side of a 120-hechtare farm in south-west
England. He turned to farming as a career after leaving the army and is currently
studying for his NVQ Level 2 in Mixed Farming.
What is the busiest time of year for you?
It is mainly the spring and summer months. At that time, I am involved in ploughing
fields, sowing the seeds and treating the emerging crops to keep them free from
weeds and disease. Depending on the weather, I will be involved in harvesting the
corn crops. We grow crops of maize for storing as winter feed for the livestock and
also make silage from up to three cuts of the grass throughout the summer.
What work do you do at other times?
During the winter there is a lot of yard work to do – I help out looking after the
animals who are all housed from October until spring. Even so, when the ground is
dry enough I use a slurry spreader to apply farmyard manure on the fields – it helps
return the nutrients to the land.
What equipment do you use in the fields?
We use a slurry spreader and a fertiliser spreader throughout the year. The combine
harvester is used at the end of the summer to harvest the corn crops. I am also
responsible for servicing some of the equipment as well, such as ploughs, cultivators
and rollers.
Do you drive tractors?
Yes, a loader tractor which is used for moving pieces of equipment and loading
feeder wagons and straw trailers. I also use the main tractor in the summer for
pulling trailers full of silage, corn, maize and hay. When we are cutting grass, a
forager is attached to the back of the tractor which cuts, chops and shoots the grass
into the trailer.
What hours do you work?
I work from 9.00am to 5.00pm during the week and I get additional overtime during
the summer, when I work in the evenings or at weekends.
Liam’s route



Left school and joined the Armed Forces for two years.
Farm Apprenticeship.
NVQ Level 2 in Mixed Farming.
Liam’s tips


Make sure it is really what you want to do. You will be part of a small team
working on your own for a large part of the time.
A keen interest in machinery and engineering will help.
Related jobs
Agricultural engineer
Farm manager
Forest worker
Gamekeeper
Gardener
Groundsperson
Horticultural/garden centre worker/manager
Veterinary nurse
££ Salary information
The Agricultural Wages Board recommends hourly wage levels for all farm workers.
The minimum rate for an adult (aged 19 or more) standard worker is £5.40 an hour.
The minimum Grade 1 rate for an experienced farm worker/unit supervisor is £7.29
an hour – representing an annual salary for a 39-hour week of £14,700. Overtime is
usually available and some farms offer accommodation.
Getting in

Qualifications are not always necessary and Apprenticeships (Skillseekers in
Scotland) are available.

Qualifications depend on the type of farming chosen and include NVQs/SVQs
Level 1 to 3 in Crop or Livestock Production and NPTC Technical Certificates
in Agriculture. The National Certificate in Agriculture is a more academic
route which usually involves two days of college a week.

Once an Apprenticeship has been completed it is possible to move onto more
advanced qualifications such as NVQ/SVQ Level 4, a BTEC National
Award/Diploma in Agriculture, or a foundation degree.

Full and part-time college courses are available in agriculture such as a BTEC
first or national diploma, HNC, City & Guilds national certificate and
foundation degrees.
Fish farm worker jobs4u fish farmer
Robert Malcolm is a fish farmer. He works at Hampshire Carp Hatcheries, a fish
farm which breeds and grows a range of ornamental and coarse fish, including the
common carp and the Japanese koi.
What is your job?
I am a stockman on a fish farm which produces 750,000 fish a year from 40 ponds. I
am involved in all aspects of the production process, from rearing the fish to
harvesting them for the customers. I also have to keep the fish healthy and help
maintain farm equipment.
What are ornamental fish?
There are the varieties that people buy for fish tanks and garden ponds. these range
from goldfish to more colourful and expensive varieties such as koi. One of the most
beautiful varieties we produce are called ghosts, which have shiny gold or silver
metallic fins, heads and scale edges.
What about coarse fish varieties?
Coarse fish are used to restock lakes and rivers for commercial and private angling.
We breed carp and tench to go into still waters, plus other varieties such as chub
and barbel for rivers.
How do you harvest fish?
I walk into the ponds wearing waterproof overalls. I use a net called a seine, which
is like a small trawling net, to catch the fish. We also drain the ponds completely to
make sure we haven’t missed any.
They are graded, either in the pond or in the fish house. A grader is a fibreglass box
about the size of a shopping basket with different sized bars on the bottom. The fish
that are too small slip through the bars and back into the pond. We then treat all the
fish for skin parasites, so that customers receive healthy fish free from any
contamination.
What hours do you work?
I usually work an eight-hour day although I can work longer hours in the spring, when
most of our fish are sold. I average about 39 hours a week over the year.
What specialist qualifications are needed for this job?
I went to Sparsholt College in Winchester, which specialises in courses in landbased industries, and left with my HND in Fishery Studies.
What are the best aspects of your job?
I love being outside and watching the changing seasons with all the animal and bird
life, like ospreys and otters. I also find the production cycle interesting.
What do you dislike about the job?
It can get very cold working outside and we can get winter floods. If there is too
much rain, a couple of the ponds get flooded by a nearby river and there is a risk that
the fish get washed out and lost into the river.
Robert’s route





GCSEs.
GNVQ in Business and Finance.
First Diploma in Fishery Studies.
National Diploma in Fisher Studies.
HND in Fishery Studies
Robert’s tips


This is a small industry, so make as many contacts as possible.
It’s very much a hands-on job, so you have to be prepared to get your hands
dirty.
Related jobs
Countryside/conservation officer
Countryside ranger/warden
Farm manager
Fisherman/woman/skipper
Gamekeeper
Water bailiff
Zoo keeper
£ Salary information
A fish farm worker or stockperson can earn around £12,000 a year. A manager for a
large fish farm could earn up to £30,000.
Getting in

There are fish farms in western and southern England, North Yorkshire,
Scotland and Ireland. Trout and salmon are the most commonly produced
fish and are intensively farmed in highly mechanised environments. Most
shellfish production is in Scotland and Ireland.

Qualifications are not always necessary, although fish husbandry skills are an
advantage.

There are a number of colleges in the UK which offer courses ranging from
BTEC first diplomas to postgraduate qualifications in subjects such as
Aquaculture, Fishery Studies, Fish Management and Fish Husbandry.

The Institute of Fisheries Management offers Certificate and Diploma courses
in Fish Farming and Fisheries Management by distance learning.

In Scotland, Apprenticeships and Progression Awards are available leading to
SVQs in Aquaculture, and Fisheries Management at Level 2 and 3.
Gamekeeper jobs4u Gamekeeper
Max Stuart is a junior gamekeeper and conservation officer at the Stradsett estate in
Norfolk. This is his first job since leaving college and allows Max to indulge his
passion for the countryside.
What are your main responsibilities?
I am an underkeeper, which is a junior gamekeeper post. I help to run the shoot on
the estate, as well as getting involved in the general habitat management and estate
maintenance. This also involves breeding and rearing the birds for shoots.
What type of shooting events are there?
We breed pheasant for family and commercial shoots. Commercial shoots are when
we rent days out to people who pay to come to the estate for a day’s shooting. The
pheasant are reared over the summer months and the season runs from the end of
summer until the end of January.
What does estate maintenance involve?
It covers all types of pest control, including rabbits, rats and hares, as well as looking
after the forestry, fencing, hedge trimming and grass cutting. I use equipment like
chainsaws, strimmers and weed-sprayers. The estate has a 25-acre lake – about
the size of 10 football pitches – and people come to fish here between February and
September. During the summer I also get involved in lake management.
What varieties of fish do you stock?
We have carp, pike, roach and bream. I use a boat to check things like water quality
and, of course, our fish. I sometimes have to call in the eel man, who comes to take
eels out of the lake before they harm fish stocks.
How do you get around the estate?
I drive different vehicles depending on which part of the estate I am working in,
including a quad bike (which I had to get a licence for), a 4x4 jeep, a tractor and a
self-propelled, grass cutting machine.
Do you always carry a gun with you?
Not all the time. I tend to use a shotgun in spring for shooting pests like rodents and
crows. My rifle is used when we need to reduce our deer population, as well as for
pest control.
What are your working hours?
In winter, I start at 7.00am and work until 4.00pm but fit in various breaks through the
day. During the summer months I work longer – especially with the lighter evenings.
I suppose I work an average of 40 hours a week throughout the year.
How did you get this job?
I live in the neighbourhood of the estate and used to spend my school holidays
working with the gamekeepers and the beaters during a shoot. After my training a
position came up and I was successful.
What training have you had?
Apart from my college courses, I have a stalker’s certificate of competence,
certificates in chainsaw-related operations and I’ve also learned how to drive a
tractor and a fork-lift vehicle.
What qualities do you need for this job?
Apart from the obvious love of the countryside and conservation issues, you have to
be hard working and dedicated, reliable and good at using your own initiative. To be
a gamekeeper you need to get shotgun and firearms licences.
What are your long-term career goals?
I want to become a head gamekeeper on one of the top shooting and conservation
estates.
Max’s route



First Diploma in Game Management.
National Diploma in Game, Wildlife and Habitat Management.
On-the-job training with head gamekeeper.
Max’s tips


Go beating on local estates to get experience.
Go to college or university before you decide whether this is the best career
for you.
Related jobs
Countryside/conservation officer
Countryside ranger/warden
Forest officer
Forest worker
Zoo keeper
£ Salary information
Pay varies according to the employer and whether the job comes with
accommodation, a vehicle and other allowances such as clothing. As a guide, a
junior or underkeeper will earn around £11,000 a year. Headkeepers earn up to
£25,000.
Getting in

Although qualifications are not essential, some employers prefer basic
qualifications and agricultural colleges require some GCSEs/S grades before
accepting students on courses to study gamekeeping, countryside and wildlife
management courses.

Relevant courses include a BTEC (Edexcel) First Diploma in Countryside and
Environment (Gamekeeping) and a HNC/D in Countryside Management
(Game Management).

In Scotland, the SQA offer HNC Gamekeeping and Wildlife Management.

Game and Wildlife Management Apprenticeships (Skillseekers in Scotland)
are available.

NVQs/SVQs at Level 2 and 3 in Gamekeeping and Wildlife Management are
available as well as in specialist skills such as deer and game (bird) rearing.

A gamekeeper will normally need a firearms or shotgun certificate.
Further reading
(Some may be priced)
Animals Q&A – Trotman Career Guides Series
Careers Working Outdoors – Kogan Page
Careers Working with Animals – Kogan Page
Come into Horticulture – booklet published jointly by RHS and Institute of
Horticulture
Working outdoors – Connexions
Careers leaflets available from the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons:
www.rcvs.org.uk
The Horticulturalist – the Journal of the Institute of Horticulture
RATEL – the journal of ABWAK – Association of British Wild Animal Keepers
For further details on careers look on the Connexions jobs4u website.
www.connexions-direct.com/jobs4u
Useful addresses
The Arboricultural Association
Ampfield House
Romsey
Hampshire SO51 9PA
01794 368717
www.trees.org.uk
Association of British Wild Animal Keepers (ABWAK)
c/o John Ray
Twycross Zoo
Antherstone
Warwickshire CV9 3PX
www.abwak.co.uk
The British Horse Society
Stoneleigh Deer Park
Stareton Lane
Kenilworth
Warwickshire CV8 2XZ
08701 202244
www.bhs.org.uk
The British Veterinary Nursing Association
Suite 11, Shenval House
South Road
Harlow
Essex
CM20 2BD
01279 450567
www.bvna.org.uk
The College of Animal Welfare
London Road
Godmanchester
Cambridge PE29 2LJ
0870 062 1122
www.caw.ac.uk
Country Land and Business Association
16 Belgrave Square
London SW1X 8PQ
020 7235 0511
www.cla.org.uk
Defra (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs)
Information Resource Centre
Lower Ground Floor
Ergon House
c/o Nobel House
17 Smith Square
London SW1P 3JR
08459 33 55 77
www.defra.gov.uk
The Farriers Registration Council (FRC) and The Farriery Training Service
(FTS)
Sefton House
Adam Court
Newark Road
Peterborough PE1 5PP
01733 319911
www.farrier-reg.gov.uk
Flowers and Plants Association
266-270 Flower Market
New Covent Garden Market
London
SW8 5NB
020 7738 8044
www.flowers.org.uk
Forestry Commission
Silvan House
231 Corstorphine Road
Edinburgh
EH12 7AT
0131 334 0303
www.forestry.gov.uk
The Institute of Garden Design and The Institute of Gardening
Honeycombe House
Bagley
Wedmore
Somerset BS28 4TD
0800 7811715
www.inst.org/gd
www.inst.org/garden
Growing Careers
Writtle College
Chelmsford
Essex CM1 3RR
01245 424200
www.growing-careers.com
Institute of Horticulture
14/15 Belgrave Square
London SW1X 8PS
020 7245 6943
www.horticulture.org.uk
The Kennel Club
1 Clarges Street
London W1J 8AB
0870 606 6750
www.the-kennel-club.org.uk
Lantra – the Sector Skills Council for the Environmental and Land-based
sector
Lantra House
Stoneleigh Park
Nr Coventry
Warwickshire CV8 2LG
024 7669 6996
www.lantra.co.uk
NAPAEO – The Association for Land Based Colleges
www.napaeo.org.uk
NFU – the National Farmers’ Union
Agriculture House
164 Shaftesbury Avenue
London WC2H 8HL
020 7331 7200
www.nfu.org.uk
The Pet Care Trust (links to British Dog Groomers’ Association)
Bedford Business Centre
170 Mile Road
Bedford
MK42 9TW
08700 624400
www.petcare.org.uk
Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons
Belgravia House
62-64 Horseferry Road
London SW1P 2AF
020 7222 2001
www.rcvs.org.uk
The Royal Horticultural Society
Wisley
Woking
Surrey GU23 6QB
01483 224234
www.rhs.org.uk
RSPCA – The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
Wilberforce Way
Southwater
Horsham
West Sussex RH13 9RS
www.rspca.org.uk
Scottish SPCA
603 Queensferry Road
Braehead Mains
Edinburgh EH4 6EA
0131 339 0222
www.scottishspca.org.uk
Working with animals & plants written by Camlee Associates.
Apprenticeships
Apprentices learn on the job, building up knowledge and skills, gaining qualifications
and earning money all at the same time.
There are different levels of Apprenticeship (Skillseekers in Scotland) available, but
they all lead to National Vocational Qualifications(NVQs), Key Skills qualifications
and, in most cases, a technical certificate such as a BTEC or City &Guilds, in
subjects such as Business, Design, IT, Media & Printing, Public Services, Sport,
Sport & Exercise Science and Travel & Tourism.
Check out more details at: www.apprenticeships.org.uk
Jobs which might interest you in the animals and plants sector include:
Agricultural/biological/horticultural scientist
Animal physiotherapist
Animal psychologist
Animal technician
Arboricultural worker/tree surgeon
Arboriculturalist
Assistance dog trainer
Dog groomer
Dog trainer
Farm manager
Farm worker (crops)
Farm worker (livestock)
Farrier
Fish farmer
Gamekeeper
Garden designer
Gardener
Horse groom
Horse trainer
Horticultural/garden centre worker/manager
Kennel worker
RSPCA inspector
Veterinary nurse
Veterinary surgeon
Zoo keeper
Check out further details about some of these jobs at www.connexionsdirect.com/jobs4u
Feedback
We welcome feedback on Working in animals and plants. If you have any thoughts
on the information in this booklet, or how it is presented, please contact:
VT Careers Management at vtcm.publications@vtplc.com
Other formats
This publication is available in Braille and on audio cassette.
Please telephone DfES publications on: 0845 602 2260 (select option 2), or email:
connexions@prolog.uk.com to order copies.
A .pdf and text only version is available online at www.connexionsdirect.com/wianimalsandplants. You will be able to use your PC to enlarge the text.
Extracts from this document may be reproduced for non-commercial education or
training purposes, on condition that the source is acknowledged.
ISBN: 0-86110-895-7
© Crown Copyright 2005
Produced by VT Careers Management for Connexions.
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