Life is Cellular (Chapter 7)
Discovery of the Cell
 In the mid-1600s, ______________________ used a _______________________________
microscope to observe ________________________ and discovered a world of tiny
_____________________ organism in the water.
 In 1665, Englishman, _______________________ used an early ________________ light
microscope to look at a thin slice of _________ a plant material. He observed thousands of
tiny empty chambers, he called _____________ now considered to be the
____________________________________
Development of Cell Theory
 In 1838, German botanist, ____________________________ concluded that all _________
were made of cells.
 The next year, German biologists, __________________________ stated that all _________
were made of cells.
 In 1855, German physician ________________ concluded that new cells could only be
produced from ____________________________
 Together the works of these scientist and others led to the development of
____________________________ the fundamental concept of biology!
 The Cell Theory states:
 All things are composed of __________________
 Cells are the _______________________________________________________
 New cells are ______________________________________________________
Exploring the Cell
 In the 1940s, a new type of microscope, the ______________________________ was
invented.
 The Electron Microscope uses beams of ______________ instead of __________________
to magnify images and can do so up to _______________________ the actual size of the
image.
 The Electron Microscope was better than the Light Microscope because it allowed scientists
to see the __________________________________________________________________.
 There are several different types of Electron Microscopes:
 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM):________________________________________
 Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM): ____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
 Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM): ______________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2 Types of Cells
 With the development and use of the microscopes, scientists were able to discover 2 groups
of cells that exists in living organisms:
 _____________________ Cells: cells that _________ internal ____________________
structures called ______________________ (little organs)
 _____________________ Cells: cells that __________ internal ____________________
structures or organelles (has a _______________)
Discovery of the Nucleus
 Robert Brown, a Scottish scientist, was the ______________________________________
in cells, called the ______________
 Rudolf Virchow later concluded that this structure (nucleus) is responsible for
____________________________________ in living organisms.
6 Kingdom System (into which living organisms belong):
 Eubacteria-__________________________ ex: E. coli (__________________)
 Archaebacteria-_______________________ ex. Methanogens (__________________)
 Protista-_____________________________ ex. Amoeba, algae
 Fungi-_______________________________ ex. Mushrooms, athlete’s foot
 Plants-_______________________________ ex. Pine, flowers
 Animals-_____________________________ ex. Sponges, humans
NOTE: THE ONLY _____________________ ON EARTH ARE
______________________________(____________________)
Draw
Typical Prokaryotic Cells
Typical Eukaryotic Cell