Selected Bibliography on Residents as Teachers

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BIBLIOGRAFÍA SELECCIONADA DEL MÉDICO RESIDENTE COMO EDUCADOR

ESTUDIOS DE PROGRAMAS EDUCATIVOS SOBRE LAS HABILIDADES DE
ENSEÑANZA DE LOS RESIDENTES
ESTUDIOS CONTROLADOS Y ALEATORIZADOS DE INTERVENCIONES
CURRICULARES
1. Bing-You RG, Greenberg LW, Wiederman BL, Smith CS. A randomized multicenter
trial to improve resident teaching with written feedback. Teach Learn Med. 1997;9:10–
13.
2. D'Eon MF. Evaluation of a teaching workshop for residents at the University of
Saskatchewan: a pilot study. Acad Med. 2004;79:791-797.
3. Dunnington GL, DaRosa D. A prospective randomized trial of a residents-as-teachers
training program. Acad Med. 1998; 73:696–700.
4. Edwards JC, Kissling GE, Brannan JR, Plauche WC, Marier RL. Study of teaching
residents how to teach. J Med Educ. 1988;63:603-610.
5. Furney SL, Orsini AN, Orsetti KE, Stern DT, Gruppen LD, Irby DM. Teaching the oneminute preceptor: a randomized controlled trial. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16:620-624.
6. Jewett LS, Greenberg LW, Goldberg RM. Teaching residents how to teach: a one-year
study. J Med Educ. 1982;57:361-366.
7. Litzelman DK, Stratos GA, Marriott DJ, Lazaridis EN, Skeff KM. Beneficial and harmful
effects of augmented feedback on physicians’ clinical-teaching performance. Acad Med.
1998;73:324-332.
8. Mass S, Shah SS, Daly SX, Sultana CJ. Effect of feedback on obstetrics and gynecology
residents' teaching performance and attitudes. J Reprod Med. 2001;46:669-674.
9. Morrison EH, Rucker L, Boker JR, Gabbert CC, Hubbell FA, Hitchcock MA, Prislin
MD. The effect of a 13-hour curriculum to improve residents' teaching skills: a
randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141:257-263.
10. Morrison EH, Rucker L, Boker JR, Hollingshead J, Hitchcock MA, Prislin MD, Hubbell
FA. A pilot randomized, controlled trial of a longitudinal residents-as-teachers
curriculum. Acad Med. 2003;78:722-729.
OTROS ESTUDIOS CONTROLADOS ( NO ALEATORIZADOS, O SIN
EVALUACIONES INDEPENDIENTES)
11. Barth RJ, Rowland-Morin PA, Mott LA, Burchard KW. Communication effectiveness
training improves surgical resident teaching ability. J Am Coll Surg. 1997;185:516-519.
12. Greenberg LW, Goldberg RM, Jewett LS. Teaching in the clinical setting: factors
influencing residents’ perceptions, confidence and behavior. Med Educ. 1984;18:360365.
13. Griffith CH 3rd, Georgesen JC, Wilson JF. Specialty choices of students who actually
have choices: the influence of excellent clinical teachers. Acad Med. 2000;75:278-282.
1
14. Mainiero MB, Collins J, Primack SL. Effectiveness of resident-prepared conferences in
teaching imaging utilization guidelines to radiology residents. Acad Radiol. 1999;6:748751.
15. Snell L. Improving medical residents’ teaching skills. Ann Royal Coll Phys Surg Can.
1989;22:125-128.
16. Spickard A, Corbett EC, Schorling JB. Improving residents’ teaching skills and attitudes
toward teaching. J Gen Intern Med. 1996;11:475-480.
17. Thomas PS, Harris P, Rendina N, Keogh G. Residents as teachers: outcomes of a brief
training programmed. Educ Health. 2002;15:71-78.
Estudios no controlados o artículos descriptivos sobre programas de habilidades educativas
de los Residentes
18. Baser-Decker T, Ellis S, Bartlett H. Applying adult learning theory to a residents-asteachers workshop series. Acad Med. 2000;75:546.
19. Bing-You RG. Differences in teaching skills and attitudes among residents after their
formal instruction in teaching skills. Acad Med. 1990;65:483-484.
20. Bing-You RG, Greenberg LW. Training residents in clinical teaching skills: a residentmanaged program. Med Teacher. 1990;12:305-309.
21. Brown RS. Pedagogy for surgical house staff. J Med Educ. 1971;46:93-95.
22. Camp MG, Hoban JD. Teaching medicine residents to teach. In: Edwards JC, Marier RL,
eds. Clinical Teaching for Medical Residents: Roles, Techniques, and Programs. New
York: Springer, 1988:201-213.
23. Camp MG, Hoban JD, Katz P. A course on teaching for house officers. J Med Educ.
1985; 60:140-142.
24. Collins J, Saflyun SM, Albanese MA. Resident learning and knowledge retention from
resident-prepared chest radiology conferences. Acad Radiol. 1997;732-735.
25. Edwards JC, Kissling GE, Plauche WC, Marier RL. Developing and evaluating a
teaching improvement program for residents. In: Edwards JC, Marier RL, eds. Clinical
Teaching for Medical Residents: Roles, Techniques, and Programs. New York: Springer,
1988:157-174.
26. Edwards JC, Kissling GE, Plauche WC, Marier RL. Long-term evaluation of training
residents in clinical teaching skills. J Med Educ. 1986;61:967-970.
27. Edwards KS, Woolf PK, Hetzler T. Pediatric residents as learners and teachers of
evidence-based medicine. Acad Med. 2002;77:748.
28. Greenberg LW, Jewett LS. Preparing medical students to teach: an educational program
using three approaches. Med Teach. 1987;9:409-414.
29. Greenberg LW, Jewett LS, Goldberg RM. The Children’s Hospital experience. In:
Edwards JC, Marier RL, eds. Clinical Teaching for Medical Residents: Roles,
Techniques, and Programs. New York: Springer, 1988:175-186.
30. Johnson CE, Bachur R, Priebe C, Barnes-Ruth A, Lovejoy FH, Hafler JP. Developing
residents as teachers: process and content. Pediatr. 1996;97:907-916.
31. Kempainen RR, Hallstrand TS, Culver BH, Tonelli MR. Fellows as teachers: the teacherassistant experience during pulmonary subspecialty training. Chest. 2005;128:401-406.
2
32. Lawson BK, Harvill LM. The evaluation of a training program for improving residents’
teaching skills. J Med Educ. 1980;55:1000-1005.
33. Lewis JM, Kapelman MM. Teaching styles: an introductory program for residents. J Med
Educ. 1984;59:355.
34. Litzelman DK, Stratos GA, Skeff KM. The effect of a clinical teaching retreat on
residents’ teaching skills. Acad Med. 1994;69:433-434.
35. Meleca CB, Pearsol JA. Teaching surgery residents to teach. In: Edwards JC, Marier RL,
eds. Clinical Teaching for Medical Residents: Roles, Techniques, and Programs. New
York: Springer, 1988:187-200.
36. Mitchell S, Cook J, Densen P. A teaching rotation for residents. Acad Med. 1994;69:434.
37. Morrison EH, Lewis EM, Gabbert CC, Boker JR, Kumar B, Harthill M. Evaluating a
“service elective” in clinical teaching for medical students. Med Teacher. 2004;25:662663.
38. Nestel D, Kidd J. Evaluating a teaching skills workshop for medical students. Med Educ.
2002;36:1094-1095.
39. Orlander JD, Bor DH, Strunin L. A structured clinical feedback exercise as a learning-toteach practicum for medical residents. Acad Med. 1994;69:18-20.
40. Pristach CA, Donoghue GD, Sarkin R, et al. A multidisciplinary program to improve the
teaching skills of incoming housestaff. Acad Med.1991;66:172-174.
41. Rider EA, Federman DD, Hafler JP. Residents as teachers—a faculty development
approach to programme development. Med Educ. 2000;34:955-956.
42. Roberts KB, DeWitt TG, Goldberg RL, Scheiner AP. A program to develop residents-as
teachers. Arch Pediatr Adol Med. 1994;148:405-410.
43. Rockey P, Dunnington G, DaRosa D. A multidisciplinary approach to teaching residents
to teach. Acad Med. 2000;75:545-546.
44. Rosenblum ND, Naler J, Lovejoy FH, Hafler JP. The pedagogic characteristics of a
clinical conference for senior residents and faculty. Arch Pediatr Adol Med.
1995;149:1023-1028.
45. Shapiro J, Friedman M, Lie D. The resident as teacher of medical humanities. Med Educ.
2002;36:1099-1100.
46. Spickard A, Corbett G. A practical program to improve residents’ teaching. Acad Med.
1995;70:451-452.
47. Susman JL, Gilbert CS. A brief faculty development program for family medicine chief
residents. Teach Learn Med. 1995;7:111-114.
48. Troupin RH. The mini-fellowship in teaching: a senior resident elective. Invest Radiol.
1990;25:751-753.
49. White CB, Bassali RW, Heery LB. Teaching residents to teach: an instructional program
for training pediatric residents to precept third-year medical students in the ambulatory
clinic. Arch Pediatr Adol Med. 1997;151:730-735.
50. Wipf JE, Orlander JD, Anderson JJ. The effect of a teaching skills course on interns’ and
students’ evaluations of their resident-teachers. Acad Med. 1999;74:938-942.
51. Wipf JE, Pinsky LE, Burke W. Turning interns into senior residents: preparing residents
for their teaching and leadership roles. Acad Med. 1995;70:591-596.
52. Zenni EA, First LR, Hafler JP. A case-study approach: fellows’ perceptions of a teaching
course. Arch Pediatr Adol Med. 1994;148:311-315.
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
OTROS ESTUDIOS SOBRE EDUCACIÓN DE RESIDENTES EN HABILIDADES
EDUCATIVAS
El desempeño académico y la enseñanza clínica: estudios comparativos
53. Griffith CH, Georgesen JC, Wilson JF. Six-year documentation of the association
between excellent clinical teaching and improved students’ examination performances.
Acad Med. 2000;75:S62-S64.
54. Griffith CH, Wilson JF, Haist SA, Ramsbottom-Lucier M. Do students who work with
better house staff in their medicine clerkships learn more? Acad Med. 1998;73:S57-S59.
55. Morrison EH, Rucker L, Prislin MD, Castro C. A lack of correlation of residents’
academic performance and teaching skills. Am J Med. 2000;109:238-240.
56. Seeley AJE, Pelletier MP, Snell LS, Trudel JL. Do surgical residents rated as better
teachers perform better on in-training examinations? Am J Surg. 1999;177:33-37.
57. Stern DT, Williams BC, Gill A, Gruppen LD, Wooliscroft JO, Grum CM. Is there a
relationship between attending physicians’ and residents’ teaching skills and students’
examination scores? Acad Med. 2000;75:1144-1146.
58. Weiss V, Needleman R. To teach is to learn twice: resident teachers learn more. Arch
Pediatr Adol Med. 1998;152:190-192.
Libros sobre las habilidades educativas de los Residentes
59. Edwards JC, Friedland JA, Bing-You R., eds. Residents’ Teaching Skills. Springer Series
on Medical Education. New York: Springer, 2002.
60. Edwards JC, Marier RL, eds. Clinical Teaching for Medical Residents: Roles,
Techniques, and Programs. New York: Springer, 1988.
Evaluando las habilidades de enseñanza de los residentes: instrumentos, estudios y
revisiones
61. Arseneau R. An instrument to assess the outcomes of a teacher education program for
residents. Acad Med. 1995;70:166-167.
62. DaRosa DA. Residents as teachers: evaluating programs and performance. In: Edwards
JC, Friedland JA, Bing-You R, eds. Residents’ Teaching Skills. New York: Springer.
2002: 100-114.
63. Irby DM. Evaluating resident teaching. In: Edwards JC, Marier RL, eds. Clinical
Teaching for Medical Residents: Roles, Techniques, and Programs. New York: Springer,
1988: 121-128.
64. Litzelman DK, Stratos GA, Marriott DJ, Skeff KM. Factorial validation of a widely
disseminated educational framework for evaluating clinical teachers. Acad Med. 1998;
73:688-695.
65. Marriott DJ, Litzelman DK. Students’ global assessments of clinical teachers: a reliable
and valid measure of teaching effectiveness. Acad Med. 1998;73:S72-S74.
4
66. Morrison EH, Boker JR, Hollingshead J, Prislin MD, Hitchcock MA, Litzelman DK.
Reliability and validity of an objective structured teaching examination for generalist
resident teachers. Acad Med. 2002;77:S29-S32.
67. Morrison EH, Hitchcock MA, Harthill M, Boker JR, Masunaga H. The on-line Clinical
Teaching Perception Inventory®: a “snapshot” of medical teachers. Fam Med. 2005;37:
48-53.
68. Ramsey PG, Gillmore GM, Irby DM. Evaluating clinical teaching in the medicine
clerkship: relationship of instructor experience and training setting to ratings of teaching
effectiveness. J Gen Intern Med. 1988;3:351-5.
69. Snell L, Tallett S, Haist S, Hays R, Norcini J, Prince K, Rothman A, Rowe R. A review
of the evaluation of clinical teaching: new perspectives and challenges. Med Educ. 2000;
34: 862-870.
70. Williams BC, Litzelman DK, Babbott SF, Lubitz RM, Hofer TP. Validation of a global
measure of faculty’s clinical teaching performance. Acad Med. 2002;77:177-180.
El interés de enseñar en residentes y estudiantes: estudios de documentación
71. Apter A, Metzger R, Glassroth J. Residents’ perceptions of their role as teachers. JMed
Educ. 1988;63:900-905.
72. Barrow MV. Medical student opinions of the house officer as a medical educator. J Med
Educ .1966;41:807-810.
73. Bing-You RB, Harvey BJ. Factors related to residents’ desire and ability to teach in the
clinical setting. Teach Learn Med. 1991;3:95-100.
74. Bing-You RG, Sproul MS. Medical students’ perceptions of themselves and residents-asteachers. Med Teacher. 1992;14:133-138.
75. Brown RS. House staff attitudes toward teaching. J Med Educ. 1970;45:156-159.
76. Callen KE, Roberts JM. Psychiatric residents’ attitudes toward teaching. Am J Psychiatr.
1980;137:1104-1106.
77. Ramani S, Orlander JD, Strunin L, Barber TW. Whither bedside teaching? A focus-group
study of clinical teachers. Acad Med. 2003;78:384-390.
78. Satran L, Harris I. Medical student teaching by residents. Res Staff Phys. 1992;38:113116.
79. Yedidia MJ, Schwartz MD, Hirschkorn C, Lipkin M. The conflicting roles of medical
residents. J Gen Intern Med. 1995;10:615-623.
80. Zabar S, Hanley K, Stevens DL, Kalet A, Schwartz MD, Pearlman E, Brenner J, Kachur
EK, Lipkin M. Measuring the competence of residents as teachers. J Gen Intern Med.
2004;19:530-533.
Revisiones generales de la literatura sobre las habilidades de enseñanza de los residentes
81. Bing-You RG, Edwards JC. Residents as teachers. In: Distlehorst LH, Dunnington GL
and Folse JR, eds. Teaching and Learning in Medical and Surgical Education. Mahwah,
NJ: Erlbaum. 2000:169-181.
5
82. Frank SA, Jozefowicz RF. The challenges of residents teaching neurology. Neurologist.
2004;10:216-220.
83. Kaji A, Moorhead JC. Residents as teachers in the emergency department. Ann Emerg
Med. 2002;39:316-318.
84. Morrison EH, Hafler JP. Yesterday a learner, today a teacher too: residents as teachers in
2000. Pediatr. 2000;105:238-241.
85. Roberts CC, Chew FS. Teaching radiology residents, and radiology residents as teachers.
Acad Radiol. 2003;10Suppl:S97-S101.
86. Skeff KM, Berman J, Stratos G. A review of clinical teaching improvement methodsand
a theoretical framework for their evaluation. In: Edwards JC, Marier RL, eds. Clinical
Teaching for Medical Residents: Roles, Techniques, and Programs. New York: Springer.
1988:92-120.
87. Spickard A, Wenger M, Corbett EC. Three essential features of a workshop to improve
resident teaching skills. Teach Learn Med.1996; 8:170-173.
88. Wilson FC. Residents as teachers. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83:1441-1443.
Estudios de evaluación de necesidades para el desarrollo de habilidades de enseñanza en los
residentes.
89. Morrison EH, Hollingshead J, Hubbell FA, Hitchcock MA, Rucker L, Prislin MD. Reach
out and teach someone: generalist residents’ needs for teaching skills development. Fam
Med. 2002;34:445-450.
90. Rotenberg BW, Woodhouse RA, Gilbart M, Hutchison CR. A needs assessment of
surgical residents as teachers. Can J Surg. 2000;43:295-300.
Planes de estudios publicados para residentes y estudiantes de medicina como profesores
91. Blatt B, Greenberg L, Kallenberg G, Confessore G, Confessore S. The Talks Manual: A
Guide to Teaching Senior Students in the Health Professions to be Educators.
Washington, DC: George Washington University, 2000.
92. Dunnington GL, DaRosa D. Instructor’s Guide for Teaching Residents to Teach.
Springfield, IL: Association for Surgical Education, 2000.
93. Edwards JC, Plauche WC, Marier RL. Handbook of Conferences on Teaching Skills for
Residents. New Orleans: Louisiana State University, 1988.
94. Friedland JA, Zimmerman JL, Liscum KR. Skills for internship. Acad Med. 1998;73:610611.
95. Hafler JP. Residents as teachers: a process for training and development. J Nutr. 2003;
133:544S-546S.
96. Morrison EH, Garman KA, Friedland JA. A national Web site for residents as teachers.
Acad Med. 2001;76:544-545.
97. Schwenk TL, Whitman N. Residents as Teachers: A Guide to Educational Practice. Salt
Lake City: Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of
Medicine, 1993:84.
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98. Wipf JE. The Role of the Senior Resident: Team Manager, Leader and Teacher. Seattle:
University of Washington, 2000.
Encuestas sobre programas de entrenamiento de los residentes para mejorar sus
capacidades de enseñanza
99. Anderson KD, Anderson WA, Scholten DJ. Surgical residents as teachers. Curr Surg.
1990;47;185-188.
100.
Bing-You RG, Tooker J. Teaching skills improvement program in US internal
medicine residencies. Med Educ. 1993;27:259-265.
101.
Busari JO, Scherpbier AJ, van der Vleuten CP, Essed GG. The perceptions of
attending doctors of the role of residents as teachers of undergraduate clinical students.
Med Educ. 2003;37:241-247.
102.
Morrison EH, Friedland JA, Boker J, Rucker L, Hollingshead J, Murata P.
Residents-as-teachers training in U.S. residency programs and offices of graduate
medical education. Acad Med. 2001;76:S1-S4.
Habilidades de enseñanza y conductas en residentes: estudios de documentación
103.
Ashikawa H, Xu G, Veloski JJ. Students’ ratings of otolaryngology clerkship
activities: the role of residents. Med Teacher. 1992;14:77-81.
104.
Ashton CM, Wray NP, Friedland JA, Zollo AJ, Scheurich JW. The association
between residents’ work-rounds styles and the process and outcome of medical care. J
Gen Intern Med. 1994;9:208-212.
105.
Barnard K, Elnicki DM, Lescisin DA, Tulsky A, Armistead N. Students’
perceptions of the effectiveness of interns’ teaching during the internal medicine
clerkship. Acad Med. 2001; 76:S8-S10.
106.
Chan-Yan C, Gillies JH, Ruedy J, Montaner JS, Marshall SA. Clinical skills of
medical residents: a review of physical examination. CMAJ. 1988;139:629-632.
107.
LaPalio LR. Time study of students and house staff on a university medical
service. J Med Educ. 1981;56:61-64.
108.
Minor S, Poenaru D. The in-house education of clinical clerks in surgery and the
role of housestaff. Am J Surg. 2002;184:471-475.
109.
Morrison EH, Shapiro J, Harthill M. Resident physicians’ understanding of their
roles as clinical teachers. Med Educ. 2005;39:137-144.
110.
O’Sullivan PS, Weinberg E, Boll AG, Nelson TR. Students’ educational activities
during clerkship. Acad Med. 1997;72:308-313.
111.
Schwenk TL, Sheets KJ, Marquez JT, Whitman NA, Davis WE, McClure CL.
Where, how, and from whom do family practice residents learn? A multisite analysis.
Fam Med. 1987; 19:265-268.
112.
Sheets KJ, Hankin FM, Schwenk TL. Preparing surgery house officers for their
teaching role. Am J Surg. 1991;161:443-449.
7
113.
Stern DT. In search of the informal curriculum: when and where professional
values are taught. Acad Med. 1998;73:S28-S30.
114.
Tremonti LP, Biddle WB. Teaching behaviors of residents and faculty members. J
Med Educ. 1982;57:854-859.
115.
Wilkerson LA, Lesky L, Medio FJ. The resident as teacher during work rounds. J
Med Educ. 1986;61:823-829.
116.
Wray NP, Friedland JA. Detection and correction of house staff errors in physical
diagnosis. JAMA. 1983:249:1035-1037.
117.
Wray NP, Friedland JA, Ashton CM, Scheurich J, Zollo AJ. Characteristics of
house staff work rounds on two academic general medicine services. J Med Educ.
1986;61:893-900.
Otras publicaciones seleccionadas pertinentes al tema del residente como educador
118.
Alguire PC, DeWitt DE, Pinsky L, Ferenchick GS. Governor’s Education Text on
Community-Based Teaching (GET-CBT). Philadelphia: American College of PhysiciansAmerican Society of Internal Medicine, 2000.
119.
Amin Z, Guajardo J, Wisniewski W, Bordage G, Tekian A, Niederman LG.
Morning report: focus and methods over the past three decades. Acad Med. 2000;75:S1S5.
120.
Butterfield PS. The stress of residency: a review of the literature. Arch Int Med.
1988;148: 1428-1435.
121.
Cox K. Planning bedside teaching – 1. Overview. Med J Austr. 1993;158:280282.
122.
Cox K. Planning bedside teaching – 1. Preparation before entering. Med J Austr.
1993;158:355-357.
123.
Davis BG. Tools for Teaching. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1993.
124.
Donnelly MB, Sloan D, Plymale M, Schwartz R. Assessment of residents’
interpersonal skills by faculty proctors and standardized patients: a psychometric
analysis. Acad Med. 2000;75:S93-S95.
125.
Dubovsky SL. Coping with entitlement in medical education. N Engl J Med.
1986;315: 1672-1674.
126.
Elliot DL, Skeff KM, Stratos GA. How do you get the improvement of teaching?
A longitudinal faculty development program for medical educators. Teach Learn Med.
1999; 11:52-57.
127.
Ende J. Feedback in clinical medical education. JAMA. 1983;250:777-781.
128.
Handfield-Jones R, Nasmith L, Steinert Y, Lawn N. Creativity in medical
education: the use of innovative techniques in clinical teaching. Med Teach. 1993;15:310.
129.
Hitchcock MA, Lamkin BD, Mygdal WK, Clarke CM, O’Connor-Clarke SL.
Affective changes in faculty development fellows in family medicine. Fam Med.
1986;61:394-403.
130.
Irby DM. Teaching and learning in ambulatory care settings: a thematic review of
the literature. Acad Med. 1995;70:898-931.
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131.
Irby DM. Three exemplary models of case-based teaching. Acad
Med.1994;69:947-953.
132.
Jellinek MS. Recognition and management of discord within house staff teams.
JAMA. 1986;256:754-755.
133.
Kaagan SA. Leadership Games: Experiential Learning for Organizational
Development. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 1999.
134.
Kay J. Traumatic deidealization and the future of medicine. JAMA. 1990;263:572573.
135.
Kumar B, Batty H, Freeman R, Rachlis A, Weston W. Residents as teachers: time
for formal training. Can Fam Physician. 2002;48:1044-1045.
136.
Loftus TH, McLeod PJ, Snell LS. Faculty perceptions of effective ambulatory
care Teaching. J Gen Intern Med.1993;8:575-577.
137.
Neher JO, Gordon KC, Meyer B, Stevens N. A five-step “microskills” model of
Clinical teaching. J Am Board Fam Pract. 1992;5:419-424.
138.
Norman GR, van der Vleuten CPM, Newble DI, eds. International Handbook of
Research in Medical Education. London: Kluwer Academic, 2002.
139.
O’Connor-Clarke SL, Clarke CM, Hitchcock MA, Mygdal WK, Lamkin BD.
Development of an instrument to measure faculty comfort with clinical teaching. Educ
Psychol Meas. 1988; 48:1081-1090.
140.
Pasquale SJ, Pugnaire MP. Preparing medical students to teach. Acad Med.
2002;77: 1175-1176.
141.
Paukert JL, Richards BF. How medical students and residents describe the roles
and characteristics of their influential clinical teachers. Acad Med. 2000;75:843-845.
142.
Paulman PM, Susman JL, Abboud CA. Precepting Medical Students in the Office.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000.
143.
PEP2 Committee. PEP2 Facilitator’s Guide: Preceptor Education Project, 2nd
Edition. Kansas City, MO: Society of Teachers of Family Medicine, 1999.
144.
Sasson VA, Blatt B, Kallenberg G., Delaney M, White FS. "Teach 1, do 1 ...
better": superior communication skills in senior medical students serving as standardized
patient-examiners for their junior peers. Acad Med. 1999;74:932-937.
145.
Simon SR, Sousa PJ, MacBride SE. The importance of feedback training. Acad
Med. 1997;72:1.
146.
Skeff KM. Enhancing teaching effectiveness and vitality in the ambulatory
setting. J Gen Intern Med. 1988;3:S26-S33.
147.
Skeff KM, Stratos GA, Berman J, Bergen MR. Improving clinical teaching:
evaluation of a national dissemination program. Arch Int Med. 1992;152:1156-1161.
148.
Snell L. Bibliography of clinical teaching. J Gen Intern Med. 1988;3:611-615.
149.
Steinert Y. Twelve tips for using role-plays in clinical teaching. Med Teach.
1993;15:283-291.
150.
Steward DE, Feltovich PJ. Why residents should teach: the parallel processes of
teaching and learning. In: Edwards JC, Marier RL, eds. Clinical Teaching for Medical
Residents: Roles, Techniques, and Programs. New York: Springer, 1988:3-14.
151.
Stritter F, Wood B, Hitchcock M. Teaching in A Clinical Setting. Los Angeles:
University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, 2000.
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152.
Stritter FT, Shahady EJ, Mattern WD. The resident as professional and teacher: a
developmental perspective. In: Edwards JC, Marier RL, eds. Clinical Teaching for
Medical Residents: Roles, Techniques, and Programs. New York: Springer, 1988:15-31.
153.
Tacci JA. The resident as teacher: a neglected role. JAMA. 1998;280:934m.
154.
Vu TR, Marriott DJ, Skeff KM, Stratos GA, Litzelman DK. Prioritizing areas for
faculty development of clinical teachers by using student evaluations for evidence-based
decisions. Acad Med. 1997;72:S7-S9.
155.
Welch TR. Lessons from another profession. Acad Med. 2002;77:180.
156.
Wickstrom GC, Kelley DK, Keyserling TC, Kolar MM, Dixon JG, Xie SX, Lewis
CL, Bognar BA, DuPre CT, Coxe DR, Hayden J, Williams MV. Confidence of academic
general internists and family physicians to teach ambulatory procedures. J Gen Int Med.
2000;15:353-360.
157.
Wilkerson LA, Irby DM. Strategies for improving teaching practices: a
comprehensive approach to faculty development. Acad Med. 1998;73:387-396.
158.
Wu AW, Folkman S, McPhee SJ, Lo B. Do house officers learn from their
mistakes? JAMA. 1991;265:2089-2094.
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