Department of Anthropology
University of California, Berkeley
Spring 2009
Professor James Holston
Anthropology 189.03
Seminar meeting: T/Th, 11-12:30, 24 Wheeler
Office hours: Tuesday 1-4 and by appointment at Kroeber 303
Email: jholston@berkeley.edu
Cities and Citizenship
This course considers the importance of cities in the making of contemporary citizenship.
It begins by examining citizenship as a national construction of social and political association. It then emphasizes a number of city-based problems that have led citizens to subvert old paradigms and create new agendas of citizenship.
These problems include the widespread violation of human rights and rule of law in emerging electoral democracies, the increasing importance of cultural differences in the calculations of rights, and the significance of im/migration and globalization in reshaping national citizenship and state sovereignty.
In each case, the course investigates the significance of the extraordinary global urbanization of the last fifty years. For most of the modern era, the nation and not the city has been the principal domain of citizenship. Indeed, the triumph of the nation-state over the city in defining this domain was fundamental to the project of modern nation building itself. Nevertheless, course readings and lectures show that contemporary urbanization has turned cities worldwide into sites of an unprecedented unsettling and reformulation of national citizenship, as new social forms and forces generate city-specific struggles over sources of rights, definitions of equality, principles of allegiance, locations of sovereign power, kinds of citizens, types of (il)legalities, and forms of collective violence.
Course Themes
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Cities and Citizens
A. Nations, States, and Citizenship
2.1 Classical Paradigms of Citizenship
2.2 Developments of State
3.1 Rights
3.2 Exclusions
4.1 National Citizenships and In/Equality
4.2 Nation-States and the Expansion of Citizenship
B. European Industrial Urbanization and the Transformation of Citizenship
5.1 The Making of Modern Paris
5.2 Capitalism, Modernism, and Urban Segregation
6.1 Political Citizenship, Civil Society, and Private Rights
6.2 Social Rights and the Urban Working Classes

Anthropology 189.03: Cities & Citizenship, Spring 2009 2
7.1 Economic Liberalism and Social Rights
C. Difference and Equality
7.2 Individual and Collective Rights
8.1 Multiculturalism and Urban Heterogeneity
8.2 Gendered Citizenship
9.1 Indigenous Citizens and Neoliberalism
9.2 Affirmative Action
Week 10: Spring Recess (Mar 23-27)
D. Urbanization and Citizenship
11.1 Global Urbanization
11.2 Urban Citizenship
12.1 Illegal Residence as Norm
12.2 New Publics
13.1 Urban Social Movements
13.2 Planning and Mobilization
14.1 Urban Citizenship and Violence
14.2 Rap, Funk, Youth Culture, and Citizenship
E. The City and the Right to an Urban Life
15.1 Immigration and the Limits of National Citizenship
15.2 Urban Sovereignty
16.1 The City as a Domain of Citizenship
16.2 Final Review
Course Requirements
Students are expected to attend all classes, complete the assigned readings when due, and participate in class discussion. There will be a take-home midterm and a take-home final exam, each counting for 35% of the course grade. The class will be divided into two groups. Beginning in Week 2, students in each group will prepare a one-to-two-page comment on the assigned readings for alternating classes; i.e., once a week. A few will be selected each class to read their comments. On the day when one group writes, students in the other group will be selected to respond to the presentations. This dialogue will serve as the basis for class participation. Students will keep one copy of their comments for themselves, turn a second at the end of each class to the instructor, and submit a whole set at the end of the semester. The complete set of comments will be graded on a scale of “A,” “B,” and “D,” and count for 30% of the final course grade.
Students may miss two written assignments and have three late assignments without penalty. Additional late comments will be not be accepted. Thus, a complete set of assignments consists of 12 comments and will be worth an “A”. Fewer will be graded as follows: 11 (A-), 10 (B+), 9 (B), 8 (B-), 7 (C), 6 (D), ≤5 (F).
Readings
Course material is available on the class website at <bspace.berkeley.edu>.
SYLLABUS

Anthropology 189.03: Cities & Citizenship, Spring 2009 3
1.1 Introduction (Jan 20, T)
1.2 Cities and Citizens (Jan 22, Th)
1. James Holston and Arjun Appadurai. 1999. Cities and citizenship. In Cities and
Citizenship , 1-18. James Holston, editor. Durham: Duke University Press.
A. Nations, States, and Citizenship
2.1. Classical Paradigms of Citizenship (Jan 27, T)
1. Michael Walzer. 1989. Citizenship. In Political Innovation and Conceptual Change ,
211-219. Terence Ball, James Farr, Russell L. Hanson, editors. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
2. J. G. A. Pocock. 1992. The ideal of citizenship since classical times. Queen’s
Quarterly 99(1): 31-41.
2.2 Developments of State (Jan 29, Th)
1. Quentin Skinner. 1989. The state. In Political Innovation and Conceptual Change , 90-
131. Terence Ball, James Farr, Russell L. Hanson, editors. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
3.1 Rights (Feb 3, T)
1. Richard Dagger. 1989. Rights. In Political Innovation and Conceptual Change, 292-
308. Terence Ball, James Farr, Russell L. Hanson, editors. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
2. Jack Donnelly. 2003. The concept of human rights; and, The universal declaration model. In Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice , 2nd ed., 7-37. Ithaca:
Cornell University Press.
3.2 Exclusions (Feb 5, Th)
1. Susan Moller Okin. 1992. Women, equality, and citizenship. Queen's Quarterly 99(1):
56-71.
2. Carole Pateman. 1989. The fraternal social contract. In The Disorder of Women , 33-
57. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
4.1 National Citizenships and In/Equality (Feb 10, T)
1. James Holston. 2008. In/Divisible nations. In Insurgent Citizenship: Disjunctions of
Democracy and Modernity in Brazil, 40-81. Princeton University Press.
4.2 Nation-States and the Expansions of Citizenship (Feb 12, Th)
1. Reinhard Bendix. 1977. The extension of citizenship to the lower classes. In Nation-
Building and Citizenship , 89-126. Berkeley: University of California Press.
2. T. H. Marshall. 1977. Citizenship and Social Class. In Class, Citizenship, and Social
Development , 71-91. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Anthropology 189.03: Cities & Citizenship, Spring 2009 4
B. European Industrial Urbanization and the Transformation of Citizenship
5.1 The Making of Modern Paris (Feb 17, T)
1. T. J. Clark. 1984. Introduction and The View from Notre-Dame. In The Painting of
Modern Life: Paris in the Art of Manet and his Followers , 23-78. Princeton:
Princeton University Press.
5.2 Capitalism, Modernism, and Urban Segregation (Feb 19, Th)
1. Steven Marcus. 1974. Engels, Manchester, and the Working Class, 146-199. New
York: Random House.
2. Marshall Berman. 1982. Marx, Modernism, and Modernization. In All That is Solid
Melts Into Air , 87-130. New York: Penguin Books.
6.1 Political Citizenship, Civil Society, and Private Rights (Feb 24, T)
1. Karl Marx. 1967 [1843]. On The Jewish Question. In Writings of the Young Marx on
Philosophy and Society , 216-248. Loyd D. Easton and Kurt H. Guddat, editors and translators. New York: Anchor Books.
6.2 Social Rights and the Urban Working Classes (Feb 26, Th)
1. T. H. Marshall. 1977. Citizenship and Social Class. In Class, Citizenship, and Social
Development , 91-134. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
7.1 Economic Liberalism and Social Rights (Mar 3, T)
1. Fraser, Nancy, and Linda Gordon. 1992. Contract versus charity: Why is there no social citizenship in the United States? Socialist Review 22(3): 45-68.
C. Difference and Equality
7.2 Individual and Collective Rights (Mar 5, Th)
1. Will Kymlicka. 1995. Multicultural Citizenship , 1-48. Oxford: Oxford UP.
Midterm Due in class
8.1 Multiculturalism and Urban (Postcolonial) Heterogeneity (Mar 10, T)
1. Charles Taylor. 1992. Multiculturalism and The Politics of Recognition, 25-73.
Princeton: Princeton University Press.
8.2 Gendered Citizenship (Mar 12, Th)
1. Seyla Benhabib. 2002. Multiculturalism and gendered citizenship. In The Claims of
Culture , 82-104. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
2. Teresa P. R. Caldeira. 1990. Women, Daily Life, and Politics. In Women and Social
Change in Latin America , 47-78. Elizabeth Jelin, editor. London: Zed Books.
9.1 Indigenous Citizens and Neoliberalism (Mar 17, T)
1. tba
2. Nancy Postero. 2007. Now We Are Citizens: Indigenous Politics in Postmulticultural
Bolivia , 1-18, 216-232. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
9.2 Affirmative Action (Mar 19, Th)

Anthropology 189.03: Cities & Citizenship, Spring 2009 5
1. John David Skrentyn. 2000. The origins of affirmative action. In Multiculturalism in the United States , 269-286.
2. Ronald Dworkin. 2003. The Court and the University. New York Review of Books
L(8): 8-11.
Week 10: Spring Recess (Mar 23-27)
D. Urbanization and Citizenship
11.1 Global Urbanization (Mar 31, T)
1. Mike Davis. 2004. Planet of slums. New Left Review 26: 5–34.
2. Thomas Bender. 1999. Intellectuals, cities, and citizenship. In Cities and Citizenship ,
21-41. Edited by James Holston. Durham: Duke University Press.
11.2 Urban Citizenship (Apr 2, Th)
1. James Holston. 2001. Urban citizenship and globalization. In Global City Regions ,
325-348. Alan J. Scott, editor. New York: Oxford University Press.
2. Li Zhang. 2002. Spatiality and urban citizenship in late socialist China. Public Culture 14(2):
311-334.
12.1 Residential Illegality as Norm (Apr 7, T)
1. Manuel Castells, The City and the Grassroots, 175-212. Berkeley: University of
California Press.
2. James Holston. 2008. “Legalizing the illegal.” In Insurgent Citizenship: Disjunctions of Democracy and Modernity in Brazil, 203-232. Princeton: Princeton Univ Press.
12.2 New Publics (Apr 9, Th)
1. Miguel Díaz-Barriga. 1998. Beyond the domestic and the public: Colonas participation in urban movements in Mexico City. In Cultures of Politics / Politics of Cultures:
Re-Visioning Latin American Social Movements , 252-277. Edited by Sonia
Alvarez, Evelina Dagnino, and Arturo Escobar. Boulder: Westview Press.
2. Brian Wampler and Leonardo Avritzer. 2004. Participatory publics: civil society and new institutions in democratic Brazil. Comparative Politics , April: 291-312.
13.1 Urban Social Movements (Apr 14, T)
1. Arjun Appadurai. 2002. Deep democracy: urban governmentality and the horizon of politics. Public Culture 14(1): 21-47.2.
2. Edward Murphy. 2004. Developing sustainable peripheries: the limits of citizenship in
Guatemala City. Latin American Perspectives 31(6): 48-68.
13.2
Planning and Mobilization (Apr 16, Th)
1. Li Zhange. 2006. Contesting spatial modernity in late-socialist China. Current Anthropology
47(3): 461-484.
2. James Holston. 1989. “Cities of Rebellion.” In The Modernist City: An Anthropological
Critique of Brasília , 257-288. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
14.1 Urban Citizenship and Violence (Apr 21, T)
1. Balibar, Étienne. 2007. Uprisings in the banlieuses. Constellations 14(1): 47-71.

Anthropology 189.03: Cities & Citizenship, Spring 2009 6
2. James Holston. 2008. “Dangerous Spaces of Citizenship.” In Insurgent Citizenship:
Disjunctions of Democracy and Modernity in Brazil, 271-84, 300-313. Princeton:
Princeton University Press. 233-313.
14.2 Rap, Funk, Youth Culture, and Citizenship (Apr 23, Th)
1. Teresa P. R. Caldeira, 2006. "I came to sabotage your reasoning!" - violence and resignifications of justice in Brazil. In Law and Disorder in the Postcolony , 102-
149. Edited by Jean Comaroff and John L. Comaroff. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
2. George Yúdice. 1994. The Funkification of Rio. In Microphone Fiends: Youth Music and Youth Culture , 193-217. Andrew Ross and Tricia Rose, editors. New York:
Routledge.
E. The City and the Right to Urban Life
15.1 Immigration and the Limits of National Citizenship (Apr 28, T)
1.
Linda Bosniak. 2000. Citizenship denationalized. Indiana Journal of Global Legal
Studies 7(2):447-509.
15.2 Urban Sovereignty (Apr 30, Th)
1. Marianne C. Ferme. 2004. Deterritorialized citizenship and the resonances of the
Sierra Leonean state. In Anthropology in the Margins of the State , 81-115. Edited by Veena Das and Deborah Poole. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press.
2. David Harvey. 2008. The right to the city. New Left Review 53(Sept/Oct): 23-40.
16.1 The City as a Domain of Citizenship (May 5, T)
1. Gerald E. Frug. 1999. City Making, 3-25. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Take-home final passed out in class.
16.2 Final Review (May 7, Th)
Final take-home exam due : May 12 (Tuesday). Hard copy must deposited by 4pm at the main office of the Department of Anthropology, 232 Kroeber Hall.