Diabetes Management Study Questions
1. What is the difference in underlying cause of Type 1 and Type 2?
2. Which cultural groups are most susceptible to diabetes?
3. What are the environmental factors in the risk factors for type 1 diabetes? Risk
factors for Type 2? Prevention?
4. What are the 3 Ps in the manifestations of diabetes?
5. Symptoms of hypoglycemia.
6. How would you distinguish Kussmaul respiration from other dyspneas?
7. What is the desired patient outcome for successful SMBG?
8. How would you help a patient decide how often to monitor blood glucose?
9. What are the five factors that can affect the accuracy of blood glucose (SMBG)
findings?
10. How is hemoglobin A1C used in determining diabetic control?
11. What are the criteria for diagnosing diabetes?
12. What are the six situations that necessitate the use of insulin?
13. What are the sources of exogenous insulin?
14. Identify the types of insulin by preparation, name, onset, peak, and duration of
action.
15. Which insulin is given 15 minutes before or with meals?
16. Which is the only type given intravenously?
17. If given at 0700, which group of insulins could produce a hypoglycemic reaction
between 1300 and 1500? How could the patient prevent this? (this is a critical
thinking question, meaning the answer is not directly in the book)
18. Which long acting insulin prevents peaks and valleys of blood glucose?
19. Which insulin requires a prescription in the United States?
20. If a patient has symptoms of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, what action should
be taken?
21. What are the guidelines for sick days?
22. What are the advantages of a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion?
23. What is the advantage of using a 0.5 mlc insulin syringe over a 1.0 ml insulin
syringe?
24. What is the smallest needle recommended?
25. What are the guidelines for storing insulin?
26. What site is believed to allow the most rapid absorption?
27. How do you make a decision about the angle of injection?
28. What is the recommendation about rotation of sites?
29. How do you prevent lipodystrophy?
30. Which insulins cannot be mixed?
31. What is the objective of any insulin regimen?
32. Which regimen most closely mimics normal pancreatic secretion?
33. What is the advantage of a single injection of regular and NPH?
34. Which insulin regimen is the least complex of those aimed at mimicking normal
pancreatic function?
35. Which oral agents carry a risk for hypoglycemia?
36. Which oral agents work by acting on the liver to decrease the overproduction of
glucose by the liver?
37. Which oral agent works by slowing carbohydrate digestion and delaying glucose
absorption?
38. Which oral agents sensitize peripheral tissue to insulin?
39. Which oral agents slow intestinal glucose absorption and slow carbohydrate
digestion?
40. Which oral agent is taken with the first bite of food? Why?
41. Why is aspirin therapy recommended for diabetics?
42. What are the dietary recommendations of the ADA for
 Carbohydrates
 Protein
 Fats
 Fiber
 Sodium
 Sweeteners
 Alcohol
43. What are the major components of various diet plans?
 Consistent-carbohydrate diabetes meal plan
 Exchange lists
 Diet plan for type 1 diabetes
 Diet plan for type 2 diabetes
 Diet plan for older adults
44. What are the exercise recommendations for type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
45. How does the use of alcoholic beverages affect blood sugar?
46. How does surgery affect the control of diabetes?
47. What are the possible insulin regimens for management on the day of surgery?
How would you select one?
48. What is the nursing care for:
 Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity
 Risk for Infection
 Risk for Injury
49. What should be included in teaching the client and family about care at home?
 Information
 Diet plan
 Exercise; how do you compensate for calories burned in exercise?
 Self-monitoring of blood glucose
 Medications
 Manifestations of complications
 Hygiene; prevention of problems with the feet
 Sick days
 Helpful resources
50. How should teaching be adapted to meet the needs of older adults?
51. What do you tell a patient who wants to reuse syringes?