Name:______________________________ Hr.________Due date:_____________ Chapter 20 Grammar Exercises EWS pp. 490-508 (Odds Only) Exercise 1-Identifying Prepositional Phrases: (Pg. 492-493) Underline the prepositional phrase and write above it Adj. for adjective and Adv. for adverb phrase. Then draw an arrow from the prepositional phrase to the word or words it modifies. 1. The classical physics of Isaac Newton went unchallenged for two centuries. 3. The unicorn is a horselike beast of mythology with a horn in the center of its forehead. 5. The bottom of the skillet was covered with burnt chili; we had to soak it for several hours and scour it with sand. 7. Birdcage Walk and Constitution Hill are two London streets near Buckingham Palace; Victoria Street leads to Victoria Station, which is close to Westminster Cathedral. 9. The hurricane moved across the Gulf of Mexico toward the Texas coastal towns, and weather forecasters warned residents about the potential dangers. Exercise 2-Identifying Participial Phrases: (Pg. 494-495) Underline the participial phrases and draw an arrow to the word each phrase modifies. 1. The diamond, seriously flawed, was not worth such a high price. 3. The Truck, not having been used for two years, surprised us by starting immediately. 5. Finnegan’s Wake, written over a period of thirty years, is one of the world’s most complex novels. 7. We had to throw out the flower ruined by the mice and the corn meal infested with weevils. 9. Determined to get the best from his students, Mr. Boseman never settles for a mediocre performance. Exercise 3-Identifying Gerund Phrases: (Pg. 496) Underline the gerund phrases. (Some sentences contain more then one gerund phrase.) 1. An example of ESP would be a dog’s finding its way across many miles to be reunited with its owner. 3. Many people claim they first become aware of a supernatural event or a UFO by an animal’s acting strangely. 5. Horses have been credited with refusing to cross a bridge or stretch of road that offered some unseen danger. 7. Duke University is one of the most famous institutions involved in experimented with ESP. 9. Serious Russian experimenting with ESP indicates that the Soviet Union considers it an important phenomenon. Exercise 4-Identifying Infinitive Phrases: (Pg. 498-499) Underline the infinitive phrases. (Be sure to include any subject an infinitive phrase may have.) Then beneath sentence write how each phrase is used: subject, object, predicate nominative, adjective, or adverb. 1. A water-squirting alarm clock certainly persuades a person to wake up on time. 3. For those who like to fly in balloons, there was a perfectly amazing invention, a balloon to be guided by eagles or vultures. 5. Then there are suspenders designed to be turned into a rope to help you escape from a burning building. 7. For the person who wants to work while relaxing there is a rocking chair designed to churn butter. 9. It might be easy to convince people you are mannerly if you wear a hat designed to tip itself. Exercise 5-Identifying Appositive Phrases: (Pg. 500) Underline the appositive phrases. Then Draw an arrow from the phrase to the noun or pronoun that it modifies. 1. The tomato, a fruit often mistakenly classified as a vegetable, contains vitamin C. 3. Alpha Centauri, the star that is nearest to our own sun, often figures in science fiction stories. Exercise 5-Identifying Appositive Phrases: (Pg. 500) cont. 5. Paradise Lost, an epic poem by John Milton, is about the fall of Lucifer from heaven and his temptation of Adam and Eve. 7. One of Agatha Christie’s most beguiling detectives is Miss Jane Marpel, a deceptively innocent-seeming elderly woman who often knits while thinking out a murder case. 9. Phrenology, a pseudoscience that claimed a person’s character was indicated by the bumps of the skull, flourished in the nineteenth century. Review: Understanding Phrases: (Pg. 501-502) Underline the prepositional, participial, infinitive and appositive phrases. Above each phrase write one of the following abbreviations Ad j. adjective phrase Adv. adverb phrase Part. participial phrase Gre. gerund phrase Inf. infinitive phrase App. appositive phrase 1. Edward, Henry’s only son, took the throne at the age of nine. 3. Before his death he had singed a will forbidding his two half-sisters to rule. 5. He left the crown to his cousin, Lady Jane Grey, who became one of England’s most pathetic victims in the long power struggle. 7. Edward’s eldest half-sister, Marry of Scotland, seized the throne, accusing Jane Grey and her relatives of treason against the rightful heir. 9. In addition, Mary, a religious fanatic, ordered 200 “heretics” to be burned at the stake. 11. Elizabeth, Bloody Mary’s half-sister and next queen, was no stranger to intrigue and violence. 13. During Bloody Mary’s brief reign, she sent Elizabeth to prison, and Elizabeth narrowly escaped the fatal walk to the headsman’s block. 15. Her subjects loved her, her ministers respected her, and her political enemies learned, to their sorrow, that they should not have tried to plot against her. Review: Understanding Phrases: (Pg. 501-502) cont. 17. Seeing her power menaced by her cousin, Marry Queen of Scots, Elizabeth signed that unfortunate lady’s death warrant. 19. Essex committed the unpardonable sin, treason against the queen, attempting to seize power from her. Exercise 6-Correcting Phrases: (Pg. 505) Correct these phrase fragments. Also correct any punctuation errors. If the sentence is written correctly the write C next to it. Circle the punctuation that you insert. 1. The novel the story of a polish girl who survived a Nazi concentration camp was nominated for the national book Award. 3. The vegetable marrow, a type of large squash, is a favorite crop of British gardeners. 5. Pedro trained for his ambitious goal. To compete in the next Olympics. Exercise 7-Correcting Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (Pg. 506-507) Rewrite each of the following sentences, correcting misplaced and dangling modifiers. 1. In order to provide the new students with essential information, a news sheet is sent to each one. 3. Lying ear deep in mud and contentedly chewing garbage, I watched hogs. Exercise 7-Correcting Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (Pg. 506-507) cont. 5. By not reading the instructions on the box, the bicycle was put together incorrectly. Review: Using Phrases (Pg. 507) Rewrite the following sentences, correcting phrase fragments, errors in punctuation, misplaced modifiers and dangling modifiers. If a sentence is correct as written, write C. 1. A large snapping turtle, nearly a foot across, sat hissing and shaking its head back and forth. Right in our path. 3. Up until the very last second of the game with Texas A. & M. our team remained within one point of winning. 5. At the high point of the third act in the school play, I suddenly forgot my lines completely. 7. I saw several ancient mummies touring the museum. 9. Completely upsetting the sportscasters’ predictions, the tournament was won by Marcia Redhawk.