Fish Diseases
Lesson Nine
Fish Diseases
I. Context
Mr. Wu owns a grouper farm, and he cultivates larvae and adult
grouper. Recently, his larvae have shown corkscrew or whirling
swimming and the amount of feed also decreased; some even died. Thus,
he came to the Department of Veterinary Medicine for help.
情境說明
吳先生自己擁有企業化石斑魚養殖場，養殖的魚隻從魚苗到成魚。最近他
的魚苗出現一些泳姿異常的症狀且攝餌量降低，甚至陸續死亡。於是他到獸醫
系尋求協助。
II. Dialogue
Wu：
Professor, recently the larvae that I cultivate have shown
corkscrew or whirling swimming and the amount of feed
also decreased; some even died. Can you help me
diagnose what’s wrong with the larvae？
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Fish Diseases
Chen：
Sure, first we’ll give it a gross and microbiological
examination. After the gross diagnosis, we can do a
histopathologic examination and PCR. This is the
standard procedure for examining fish disease.
Wu:
How long can I get the result?
Chen:
We will let you know the diagnosis within 3 to 4 days
Wu:
May I ask what might be the possible mechanisms of the
corkscrew or whirling swimming?
Chen：
There are lots of reasons for the corkscrew or whirling
swimming, but the major pathogen is Nodavirus.
Wu：
Is there any way that I can know whether it’s the virus
that caused the death of my larvae?
Chen:
Yes, first we need to do a gross examination on larvae
with clinical sign or dead larvae by means of checking the
larvae’s gill, body surface, and internal organs.
Wu:
What’s next?
Chen:
We’ll smear from the infected tissue of these organs
under light microscopy.
Wu:
What else?
Chen:
Then we’ll know whether the disease is caused by
parasite or bacterial pathogen. Lastly, we can use the
correct chemical prescription including antibiotics to
cure them.
Wu：
If we know what kind of bacterial disease, can you give me
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Fish Diseases
the prescription?
Chen：
Of course. After we do the drug sensitivity test of the
target bacteria, we can recommend the antibiotics and
dose of it the next day.
Wu：
What if the pathogen is not bacteria, and it turns out to be
virus, how can we diagnose and cure them?
Chen：
So far, there are several rapid diagnostic technique for
viral disease using the polymerase chain reaction
(PCR), for instance, grouper’s Nodavirus PCR technique.
Wu:
Does your lab offer this service?
Chen:
Yes, in our lab, we can confirm the pathogen in a day or
two.
Wu：
Can you check the sample that I brought and examine the
viral infection?
Chen：
Sure. After the gross examination, if we suspect that the
fish has been infected by virus, we will take the sample to
run the PCR at once.
Wu:
How long does it take?
Chen:
We can get the final diagnosis after 4 hours.
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Fish Diseases
III. Vocabulary
1. a grouper farm [ ] [
][
] 石斑魚養殖場
] (v.) 養殖
2. cultivate [
They succeeded in cultivating fine breeds of grouper.
他們成功地養殖優良的石斑魚。
3. larvae [
] 魚苗
4. corkscrew or whirling swimming [
][
][
][
]泳
姿異常
5. the amount of feed [
6. diagnose [
][
][
][
]攝餌量
] (v.) 診斷
The doctor diagnosed his illness as lung cancer.
醫生診斷出他得肺癌。
7. microbiological examination[
][
微生物檢查
8. gross diagnosis [
] 肉眼診斷
][
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Fish Diseases
9. histopathologic examination [
][
組織病理學切片檢查
] (n.) 診斷
10. diagnosis [
Doctors need to make a diagnosis before he can treat an illness..
醫生需先做診斷後，再治療疾病。
] (n.) 歷程原因
11. mechanisms [
The doctors believe this is the mechanism responsible for the illness.
醫生相信這是造成疾病的原因。
]病原體
12. pathogen [
13. Nodavirus 神經壞死症病毒
14. gill [
] 鰓部
15. body surface [
16. internal organs [
17. smear [
]體表
][
][
]內臟器官
] (v.) 塗抹
She smeared herself with suntan oil.
她將自己塗上日曬油。
18. infected tissue [
19. light microscopy [
20. parasite [
][
] 感染的組織
] 光學顯微鏡
][
] (n.) 寄生蟲
If you get money from other people but do not do anything in return,
they may call you a parasite.
如果你從他人處拿錢但不做事，他們會叫你為寄生蟲。
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Fish Diseases
21. bacterial pathogen [
][
] 細菌性病原
]抗生素
22. antibiotics [
] (n.) 處方藥劑
23. prescription [
You need prescription to obtain these pills.
你需要處方來取得這些藥丸。
] 治療
24. cure [
Antibiotics help to cure many diseases.
抗生素有助於治療許多疾病。
] (n.) 敏感性
25. sensitivity [
A good teacher always shows a great sensitivity to his student needs.
一位好老師對學生需求總是具有一定的敏感性。
] (n.) 標的
26. target [
His target is to save $10,000 dollars a month.
他的目標是月存一萬元。
27. dose[
] (n.) 劑量
Do not exceed the recommended dose.
千萬不要超過劑量。
28. bacteria [
] (n.) 細菌
Some bacteria can cause disease.
有些細菌會造成疾病。
29. rapid [
] (a.) 快速
She had a rapid recovery from her cold.
她迅速由感冒中恢復。
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30. viral disease [
][
] 病毒性疾病
31. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) [
32. confirm [
][
]聚合酶鏈鎖反應
] 確診
The man needs a second test to confirm the diagnosis.
他需要再檢查一次來確診。
IV. Sentence Patterns
1. whether or
是… 抑否…
He doesn’t know whether his wife is dead or alive after the disaster.
他不知道他的妻子在災難後，是死抑或仍活著。
2. by means of ….
以；藉
People express their thoughts by means of words.
人們藉著語言表達他們的思想。
V. Related Webs Sites
http://baphiq@mail.baphiq.gov.tw/
http://www.baphiq.gov.tw/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
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http://www.oie.int/eng/en_index.htm
http://www.nvri.gov.tw/
http://www.naif.org.tw/
http://www.atit.org.tw/
http://www.tfrin.gov.tw/friweb/
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