Prison Bowl II
By Hunter College High School and Walter Johnson, edited by Guy Tabachnick and Daichi Ueda
Round 1
TOSSUPS
1. One of this artist’s paintings shows a reclining woman in an orange dress with leaves growing out of her torso and
is called Roots. Another painting is a self portrait as a deer wounded with arrows, titled The Little Deer. Other selfportraits include a miniature portrait of a figure which, in other paintings, usually appears with a third eye on its
forehead. Another shows many nails poking out of her, as well as a large metal pipe running through her body. A
double self-portrait shows a pair of scissors cutting an artery joining her two exposed hearts. For 10 points, name
this Mexican artist who painted self-portraits with parrots and monkeys and a unibrow.
ANSWER: Frida Kahlo [MT]
2. The protagonist of this work, a graduate of St. Olaf’s College, promises to become rich when he fails to receive an
inheritance from Dan Cody. The heroine, who wishes her daughter to remain stupid, is brought to tears by a
collection of shirts. The narrator, because he is “five years too old to lie and call it honor,” breaks up with a girl who
cheated in her first golf tournament. One antagonist attacks the title character’s habit of calling people “old sport”
and his connection with Meyer Wolfsheim. George Wilson commits a murder and Tom and Daisy Buchanan smash
things up in, for 10 points, what novel narrated by Nick Carraway and written by F. Scott Fitzgerald?
ANSWER: The Great Gatsby [DU]
3. Early in this dynasty, the Revolt of the Three Feudatories occurred, while the Tonsure Decree was passed to keep
citizens under control. One famous ruler had to deal with his son Yìnréng’s attempts to force abdication and was
succeeded by the Yōngzhèng. Emperors belonged to the Aisin Gioro family, and this dynasty saw rebellions such as
the Panthay and Dungan revolts. Kāngxī and his grandson Qiánlóng ruled over its golden age, but Guāngxù’s
Hundred Days Reform could not save it from being overthrown in the Xīnhài revolution. The losers in the First
Sino-Japanese War, for 10 points, name this dynasty, the last to rule in China.
ANSWER: Qing dynasty [SJ/DU]
4. This god’s son, Cycnus, tried to confront Heracles near the Echedorus River, and lost in part because Athena
blocked this god’s attempts to save him. He often traveled with his counterpart Enyo, with whom he fathered
Enyalius, and his sister Hebe often drew baths for him. His sacred animal, the vulture, was perhaps important to him
because it fed on carrion. More famous figures associated with this god are Eris, the goddess of discord, and his sons
Phobos and Deimos. Caught by Hephaestus while having an affair with Aphrodite, for 10 points, name this Greek
god of war.
ANSWER: Ares (accept Mars) [PM]
5. He claimed that the three heads of Good that men pursue are riches, fame, and pleasure in a work examining the
differences between false, fictitious, and doubtful ideas, On the Improvement of Understanding. He argued that
prophets are not necessarily intelligent but simply imaginative and emphasized that religion should stay out of
politics in Tractatus Theologico-Politicus, but his only work published under his name was about his contemporary,
Descartes. His definition of God as Being with infinitely many attributes appeared in a work in “geometric order”
and reflects his pantheism. For 10 points, name this Dutch Jew who wrote Ethics.
ANSWER: Baruch Spinoza (accept Benedictus Spinoza) [DU]
6. This man, whose life was chronicled by Zuzara, hired such men as Jehuda Cresques. The brother of Duarte and
Pedro, he was appointed governor of Algarve, while later in life he donated houses to the Estudo Geral to foster
science. This grandson of John of Gaunt and son of Phillipa of Lancaster led a disastrous expedition to Tangiers
twenty two years after urging his father to capture Ceuta. He was better known, however, for sponsoring expeditions
to pass Cape Bojador and discover the Azores. For 10 points, name this prince of the Portuguese house of Aviz,
known by a nautical epithet.
ANSWER: Henry the Navigator or Henry the Seafarer or Infante Henrique, Duke of Viseu [SJ]
7. This is on the x-axis of a quantitative version of the van Arkel and Ketelaar triangles, named after William Jensen.
Martynov and Batsanov introduced one method to obtain this quantity. An equation involving this quantity predicts,
in kilocalories per mole, the bond enthalpy between two atoms. The arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy
and the electron affinity of an atom is Robert Mulliken’s definition of this. When two bonded atoms differ slightly in
this, a polar bond arises from partial charges. The first derived scale measuring this quantity was that of Linus
Pauling. Fluorine has the highest value of, for 10 points, what value of an atom’s tendency to attract electrons?
ANSWER: electronegativity (prompt on electropositivity until “ionization” is read) [LC]
8. Despite claiming that he is a “big-time third-base stealer”, this player is better known for supposedly hitting a
home run into the upper deck of Tiger Stadium as a preteen, which is probably not true. His first full season starting
came in 2006 as his team traded away Lyle Overbay to the Toronto Blue Jays to make space for him in the starting
lineup. That year, he led all National League rookies with 28 home-runs. He followed up that year by slugging 50
home-runs in 2007, becoming the youngest player to reach that number. For 10 points, name this first baseman
known for his incredible weight who, unlike his father Cecil, plays for the Milwaukee Brewers.
ANSWER: Prince Fielder [KK]
9. The document that led to the uncovering of this was contained in a manila folder marked WH, discovered by Brad
Reynolds and John Richardson. Edwin Meese investigated it internally before it was examined by the independent
counsel Lawrence Walsh and a committee that included Edmund Muskie, the Tower Commission. The plan, in
violation of the Boland Amendment, was conceived by Robert McFarlane. Caspar Weinberger was convicted for
lying to the independent counsel, but John Poindexter and his secretary Oliver North were not. For 10 points, money
was provided to Nicaraguan rebels to fight the Sandinistas in what Reagan administration scandal?
ANSWER: Iran-Contra affair [DU]
10. This is a roulette traced out by the focus of a parabola rolled along a straight line. The surface formed by rotating
this curve around the x-axis is a minimal surface, and can be formed by dipping two circles into a bubble solution
and drawing them apart slowly. Its equation is given by a hyperbolic cosine function and when inverted, this curve is
the ideal shape of an arch, as there is almost no shear stress between the individual stones of the arch. The Gateway
Arch is built in the shape of an inverted one of these with both ends hung at the same height. For 10 points, name
this curve formed when a piece of rope is hung freely from two points, pulled down by nothing but its own weight.
ANSWER: catenary curve (prompt on “catenoid”) [LC]
11. This author, who claimed that culture is “personality writ at large,” earned a doctorate with “The Concept of the
Guardian Spirit in North America” and used information collected by Reo Fortune in a work that begins with
“Science of Custom,” an analysis of Pueblo, Dobu, and other Indians. This student of Alfred Kroeber contrasted
other Native American cultures through Nietzsche’s terms, and she used the experience at the Office of War
Information to contrast the guilt culture and the shame culture. For 10 points, name this author of Patterns of
Culture, who analyzed Japan in The Chrysanthemum and the Sword.
ANSWER: Ruth Benedict [DU]
12. Kinks may be formed in these when the Kruskal-Shafranov limit is reached. They can be modeled with the
Vlasov-Poisson equations. Alfven waves occur in these substances, while longitudinal space charge waves
experience Landau damping in them. Their properties can be measured with a Langmuir probe, and the screening
out of electric fields by electrons occurs over a scale known as the Debye length. One type is composed of
deconfined quarks and gluons, and other examples include St. Elmo’s Fire, lightning, and very small grains. For 10
points, name this state of matter, typically an ionized gas.
Answer: plasmas [SJ]
13. This author was “wounded by the wandering scent” in a poem which takes its title from Rudyard Kipling, “The
White Man’s Burden”. One poem in his most famous collection states “Tonight I can write the saddest lines”, while
another one begins, “The memory of you emerges from the night around me”. His collections include Twilight and
Rings. The last part of one of his poems is addressed to an “iceman of Andean tears” and “an Amazon of buried
jaguars”; that is “The Heights of Machu Picchu”, the second part of his Canto General. For 10 points, name this
Chilean author of Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.
ANSWER: Pablo Neruda or Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basoalto [GT]
14. The Quartodecimans, mostly in Asia Minor, argued for a different date for this holiday, but mostly died out after
Pope Victor disagreed. The Council of Nicaea agreed with the earlier Council of Arles that all Christians should
celebrate it on the same day. Converts to the Catholic church are baptized and confirmed during this holiday’s vigil.
Its season extends either 40 days to Ascension Day or 50 days to Pentecost, and it ends the period of Lent. Strongly
tied to the Jewish Passover, for 10 points, name this Christian holiday which occurs two days after Good Friday, a
spring festival which celebrates the resurrection of Jesus with objects like painted eggs.
ANSWER: Easter [GT]
[Passover was originally held on the 14th of the Hebrew month of Nisan, hence Quartodecimans]
15. Cap de Creus is on the eastern end of this mountain range, where bandits who kill St. Aubert in The Mysteries of
Udolpho live. A range on the Moon named for it separates Mare Nectaris and the Sea of Tranquility, and The Stone
Raft deals with events caused by a crack in it. The location of Cirque de Gavarnie, a treaty named for this range was
signed after the Battle of the Dunes and provided for the marriage of Maria Theresa and Louis XI. Roncevaux Pass,
where Roland dies, is in it. With highest point at Aneto, for 10 points, name this mountain range that encompasses
Andorra, and separates Spain and France.
ANSWER: the Pyrenees or los Pirineos or les Pyrénées or els Pirineus or los Pirenèus or Perinés or Pirinioak
[DU]
16. One possible treatment for this disease involves stimulating enkephalins, which inhibit the overproduction of
cAMP. The El Tor strain is much milder than the classic strain, but unlike the classic strain, it is capable of host-tohost transmission. The method of its spread was discovered in 1854 when an outbreak in Soho, London was traced
by Dr. John Snow to a pump on Broad Street. Electrolyte replacement therapy is essential, as a patient infected with
this disease quickly becomes dehydrated through the vomiting and diarrhea it causes. For 10 points, name this
gastroenteric disease caused by a bacterium of genus Vibrio, usually spread through contaminated water.
ANSWER: Asiatic or epidemic cholera (prompt on gastroenteritis before mentioned, accept “Vibrio cholerae”, I
guess) [LC]
17. In one work by this author, “The nakedness of woman is the work of God” is one of the “Proverbs of” one of the
title entities. In another work, an orphaned boy is sold into labor before he could cry “weep! weep! weep! weep!” In
addition to “The Marriage of Heaven and Hell” and “The Chimney Sweep”, his preface to Milton: a Poem provides
the lyrics to the hymn “Jerusalem”. He asked what hammer, chain, furnace, or anvil could create the title creature in
one poem which mentions its “fearful symmetry” while in another, he asked of the title character, “who made thee?”
For 10 points, name this poet whose Songs of Innocence and Experience included “The Lamb” and “The Tyger”.
ANSWER: William Blake [DU]
18. The first attempt to construct these resulted in the Aggregate Series #9 under Project Amerika, but the first true
one to be used was The Digit 7, known in America as “Sapwood”. The Hiroc project resulted in the first successful
one for the United States, the Atlas A, and later, the backup Titan, but have since then been replaced by the LGM-30
Minuteman, which is currently the only land-based one in use today. Defense could be classified as tactical, theater,
or strategic, and could target any of the three phases: boost, mid-course, and terminal. Multiple independently
targetable re-entry vehicles are, for 10 points, the modern mainstay warhead model for what class of weapons
usually armed with nukes?
ANSWER: Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles or ICBMs (do not accept “ballistic missile”) [TC]
19. This artist used schiacciato in a work in which arched windows serve to separate the three scenes. That work, the
baptismal font of the Siena Baptistery, is Feast of Herod. Bearded Prophet, Beardless Prophet, and Jeremiah were
several sculptures for the campanile of Santa Maria del Fiore, the most famous of which depicted Habbakuk, known
as Zuccone. In Padua, he created a commemorative statue for the Venetian general Erasmo da Narni. That work, the
first equestrian statue since antiquity, is Gattamelata. He also made a bronze sculpture of a nude, wearing elegant
boots and admiring his body. For 10 points, what early master of Renaissance sculpture created the Boy David?
ANSWER: Donatello [accept Niccolò di Betto Bardi] [DU]
20. This author depicted a banker who wages two million rubles that a lawyer can not stay in solitary confinement
for fifteen years in The Bet. Dmitri tries to separate Von Diderits from the woman he meets at Yalta, Anna
Sergeyevna, in his “The Lady with a Dog.” His plays include one in which a man in love with Nina Zarechnaya,
Konstantin Treplev, commits suicide after killing the title character, and one which sees Madame Ranevskaya
auction off the title area of land to Lopakhin in order to pay off the mortgage. For 10 points, name this Russian
playwright of The Seagull and The Cherry Orchard.
ANSWER: Anton Chekhov [YC]
TB. The prologue in one of his early works ends, “The human race was no longer alone.” That work, which features
the UN Secretary General Stormgren and the Overlord Karellen, was Childhood’s End. In a 1972 work which won
double crown of Hugo and Nebula awards, Captain Norton commands the Endeavour to explore the titular
cylindrical starship, Rama. His ideas presented in “Extraterrestrial Relays” led to geostationary communications
satellites. “The Sentinel” was a work by, for 10 points, what science fiction writer wrote the basis for Stanley
Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey?
ANSWER: Arthur C. Clarke [DU]
Prison Bowl II
By Hunter College High School and Walter Johnson, edited by Guy Tabachnick and Daichi Ueda
Round 1
BONUSES
1. How much do you know about the fall of Troy? Let’s see, for 10 points each.
[10] This crafty fellow came up with the idea of the Trojan horse. The leader of Ithaca, he later had his own epic
about his journey home to his wife Penelope.
ANSWER: Odysseus (prompt on “Ulysses” or “Ulixes”)
[10] This daughter of Priam and Hecuba predicted that Troy would go down. However, she was ignored as usual,
because Apollo had given her the gift of prophecy but cursed her so that nobody would believe her.
ANSWER: Cassandra
[10] Priam was ultimately killed by this son of Achilles who, as Vergil tells it, was more than a bit of a jerk.
ANSWER: Neoptolemus or Pyrrhus [GT]
2. For 10 points each, name these computer data structures:
[10] This data structure is a connected graph composed of a root node, children, and leaf nodes. It has many
variations, including binary, radix, and red-black, and is used in search algorithms and to store data hierarchies.
ANSWER: tree
[10] This data structure is a tree in which a child node is always less than its parent node. In these, a node can be
inserted in big O log N time, and the largest element can be found in big O one time. They are used in a namesake
sorting algorithm which operates by repeatedly removing the largest element.
ANSWER: heap
[10] This data structure has a sequence of nodes, each of which points to one or two other nodes. They can be linear
or circular, and some have a sentinel node at either end to ensure that every data-containing node has a previous and
a next node.
ANSWER: linked list (prompt on “list”) [LC]
3. Name these playwrights who wrote about suicide, for 10 points each.
[10] He wrote a poem about a Roman stateswoman who kills herself in The Rape of Lucrece. He is undoubtedly
better known for a play which was rewritten with a happy ending by Nahum Tate, King Lear.
ANSWER: William Shakespeare
[10] The title character commits suicide in this Frenchman’s Phaedra. He also wrote Andromache.
ANSWER: Jean Racine
[10] In Miss Julie by this Swedish writer, the title character exclaims “Kill Me Too” after her lover, the valet Jean,
decapitates a gold finch. She eventually commits suicide with a razor.
ANSWER: August Strindberg [GT]
4. Answer some questions about a composer, for 10 points each.
[10] This native of Hungary is perhaps the most famous of the founders of ethnomusicology. His ballets include The
Miraculous Mandarin and The Wooden Prince.
ANSWER: Béla Bartók [in either order]
[10] This collection of 153 piano etudes that get progressively harder to play was written for his son Peter.
ANSWER: Mikrokosmos
[10] Bartók’s most famous work is this one-act opera about a character who was a little too inquisitive, Judith.
ANSWER: Duke Bluebeard’s Castle [DU]
5. For 10 points each, answer these questions about equestrian statues in and around Central Park.
[10] Looking at Central Park from outside the Museum of Natural History across the street is this 28th president
sitting on a horse. He succeeded William McKinley after organizing the Rough Riders and before losing the
presidential election on the Bull Moose ticket.
ANSWER: Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. (accept T.R. and other obvious equivalents)
[10] Paired with a similar statue of fellow revolutionary Simón Bolívar on Central Park South is this Argentinian.
He liberated Chile with Bernardo O’Higgins, and met with Bolívar to discuss South America’s future in Guayaquil
in 1822.
ANSWER: José Francisco de San Martín Matorras
[10] A plaque on the statue of King Jagiello states that he was “Victor Over the Teutonic / Aggressors at Grunwald”
and “Founder of a Free Union of the / Peoples of East Central Europe”. All or nothing, name the two countries in
that union.
ANSWER: Poland and Lithuania [GT]
6. Name some medieval doctors, few of whom were doctors of love because they were mostly monks, for 10 points
each.
[10] This man, being French, he predictably fell in love with his pupil Héloïse, angering her uncle so that much he
got castrated. He described that story in Historia Calamitatam, and also wrote Sic et Non.
ANSWER: Peter Abelard
[10] This man, known as Doctor Invincibilis, wrote major works about nominalism and proposed his namesake
“razor,” a noted principle of parsimony.
ANSWER: William of Ockham
[10] This Doctor Subtilis came up with a notable defense of Immaculate Conception, and proposed the idea of
haecceity as each object’s individuality.
ANSWER: John Duns Scotus [GT]
7. Your question writer conceived of this bonus while taking a rather bumpy plane ride coming back from a
quizbowl tournament. Answer some stuff about it, for 10 points each:
[10] While he wished that he had experienced laminar flow, he instead had to go through this other type of flow.
ANSWER: turbulent flow (accept turbulence)
[10] The air around the airplane must have had a high measure for this dimensionless quality, defined as the ratio
between inertial forces and viscous forces.
ANSWER: Reynolds number
[10] This man has a differential theorem named after him, but he’s better known for a series of equations that
describe the motion of fluids, named after him and Claude-Louis Navier.
ANSWER: Sir George Gabriel Stokes [GT]
8. Classical Greek sculptures are beautiful. For 10 points each:
[10] Doryphorus, or the Spear-bearer, by this sculptor manifests the ideal proportion he described in Canon, as well
as pronounced example of contrapposto and asymmetrical balance.
ANSWER: Polykleitos or Polyclitus
[10] This marble sculpture by Myron is a copy of a bronze original, and depicts an athlete who has rotated his right
arm backwards, preparing to launch the object in his hand.
ANSWER: Discobolus or The Discus Thrower
[10] In one Praxiteles work, Hermes holds this infant god, the Greek counterpart of Bacchus, in his left hand,
although his right hand, presumably with some grapes, is missing.
ANSWER: Dionysus [DU]
9. When he was first elected to the Senate, he was targeted by the Alien Act and could not take the seat because of
technicalities involving his nationality. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this Swiss-born American, the longest serving Secretary of Treasury in the American history.
ANSWER: Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin
[10] Gallatin was nominated as vice-presidential candidate with William Crawford for the election in 1824, the year
that this man won through a “corrupt bargain.”
ANSWER: John Quincy Adams
[10] This scary-looking fellow became vice president under John Quincy Adams. While vice president under
Andrew Jackson, he wrote the South Carolina Exposition and Protest.
ANSWER: John Caldwell Calhoun [DU]
10. Answer some questions about Ulysses, for 10 points each.
[10] This Irishman wrote Ulysses, along with A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and the even more
impenetrable Finnegans Wake.
ANSWER: James Augustine Aloysius Joyce
[10] This is the everyman hero of Ulysses. He attends the funeral of Paddy Dignam and gets cuckolded when his
wife Molly sleeps with Blazes Boylan.
ANSWER: Leopold Bloom (accept either)
[10] The other main character and Telemachus figure is Joyce’s altar ego, Stephen Dedalus, who is often mocked by
this jocular friend of his. Based on Oliver St. John Gogarty, he is described as “stately” and “plump” in the opening
line of the novel.
ANSWER: Malachi “Buck” Mulligan (accept any) [GT]
11. It is the ratio of the ideal gas constant to the Boltzmann constant, as well as between the Faraday constant and
the elementary charge. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this number whose reciprocal is the definition of the atomic mass unit.
ANSWER: Avogadro’s number
[10] Avogadro’s number is defined as the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of this isotope.
ANSWER: carbon-12
[10] This number, related to Avogadro’s, is the number of particles of an ideal gas in a given volume at standard
temperature and pressure and is symbolized n-naught.
ANSWER: Loschmidt constant [MT]
12. Name these 18th century artists, for 10 points each.
[10] This Frenchman painted Napoleon doing various things like being coronated and crossing the Alps. He also
painted the deaths of Jean-Paul Marat and Socrates and Oath of the Horatii.
ANSWER: Jacques-Louis David
[10] This rococo artist is best known for a painting depicting a group of people either leaving or arriving at the
birthplace of Venus, Embarkation for Cythera.
ANSWER: Jean-Antoine Watteau
[10] This man depicted a woman lying asleep while a horse’s head hangs above her and an incubus sits on her in
The Nightmare.
ANSWER: Henry Fuseli [GT]
13. Two players have the choice to either cooperate or betray. If both players stay silent, they each get a short
sentence, but if one player betrays the other, he goes free while the other guy gets a long sentence. for 10 points
each:
[10] Name this problem from game theory.
ANSWER: the prisoner’s dilemma
[10] In the prisoner’s dilemma, this situation occurs when both players betray each other. It is a situation in which
no player can better his position by changing his own strategy unilaterally.
ANSWER: Nash equilibrium
[10] The prisoner’s dilemma is an example of a game that is not one of these, defined as a game where the total
losses and gains of all of the players cancel out exactly.
ANSWER: zero-sum game [LC]
14. Sani Abacha led a corrupt regime in this nation in the 1990’s, and Nnamdi Azikiwe became its first president
following its independence from Great Britain. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this African nation, currently led by the People’s Democratic Party ruling from Abuja and not Lagos.
ANSWER: Nigeria
[10] Odumegwu Ojukwu led the secession of this state, which led to the Nigerian Civil War. It fell in 1970, after a
blockade of humanitarian support led to the starvation of millions.
ANSWER: Republic of Biafra
[10] These people in southeast Nigeria formed the Republic of Biafra, opposing what they deemed as oppressive
government by the coalition of the Yoruba and the Hausa.
ANSWER: the Igbo [DU]
15. For 10 points each, name these Greek cities.
[10] At the south end of the Laconian plain, miles away from its seaport of Gythium, this city was successful
militarily. Three hundred soldiers from this city were also present during the battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC.
ANSWER: Sparta
[10] This city lies on the isthmus that connects the Peloponnesus with the Grecian mainland. Lucius Mummius
destroyed the wealthy city-state in 146 BC in the battle of this city.
ANSWER: Corinth
[10] This city is the capital of Macedonian Greece, and the second-largest city in all of Greece behind Athens. It was
previously the capital of the Prefecture of Illyricum when Rome split into Western and Eastern parts.
ANSWER: Thessaloniki [YC]
16. His Tales of a Wayside Inn is a collection of poems in the style of the Canterbury Tales. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this poet of the Song of Hiawatha, another of whose poems begins “Listen, my children, and you shall
hear / Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere.”
ANSWER: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
[10] Longfellow also wrote this poem in dactylic hexameter about the Great Upheaval, in which the Gabriel
Lajeunesse finds his lover again after being expelled from Nova Scotia.
ANSWER: “Evangeline”
[10] At the end of this poem, a fisherman finds a dead girl tied to a mast, who drowned the night before when her
father’s schooner crashed on the reef of Norman’s Woe.
ANSWER: “The Wreck of the Hesperus” [MT]
17. In case you have not noticed, Russian leaders follow an alternating pattern of baldness and having hair. For 10
points each:
[10] Born in Georgia, this hairy General Secretary sports a trademark moustache even as he replaced the New
Economic Policy with his Five Year Plans and led the Soviet Union through the Great Purge.
ANSWER: Joseph Stalin
[10] This balding General secretary enjoyed a short-lived tenure as the General Secretary, during which saw the
downing of Korean Air Flight KAL-007 and received a letter and a visit from 5th grader Samantha Smith, the
“youngest ambassador of the United States”. Predictably, his predecessor was the hairy Brezhnev.
ANSWER: Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov
[10] A senior political officer during the battle of Kursk, this hairless leader was known for his Moscow Metro
work. He ceded Crimea from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR, and withdrew Soviet troops from Romania.
He was known as Comrade Latrine Lover for deploring poor sanitation habits among Yuzovka’s miners.
ANSWER: Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev [TC]
18. For 10 points each, name these structures in the human brain.
[10] This lower extension of the brain connects it to the spinal cord. The vagus nerve and most other cranial nerves
branch off of it, and it includes the pons and the medulla oblongata, which is responsible for autonomic functions.
ANSWER: brain stem
[10] This part of the brain, located in the back of the head near the brain stem, contains Purkinje cells and is split
into two hemispheres connected by the vermis. It controls sensory perception and motor control, and is split into
three lobes including the anterior, posterior, and flocculonodular lobes.
ANSWER: cerebellum
[10] These almond-shaped regions of the brain are part of the basal ganglia. Part of the limbic system, they form and
store memories associated with strong emotions such as fear, and play a role in classical conditioning.
ANSWER: nucleus amygdalae (accept word forms, prompt on archistriatum) [LC]
19. Name some ancient poets, for 10 points each.
[10] This Greek woman from Lesbos has a few surviving fragments of poetry, including her Hymn to Aphrodite.
Her name is not to be confused with an awesome Iannis Xenakis percussion piece.
ANSWER: Sappho
[10] This Roman wrote the line “Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori”, and wrote the Ars Poetica. Like Pindar, he
has a type of ode named for him.
ANSWER: Horace or Quintus Horatius Flaccus
[10] This other Roman wrote some poems in hen·deka·syllabics, including a notable invective example which is
very naughty indeed. Many of his more couth works were addressed to Lesbia.
ANSWER: Gaius Valerius Catullus [GT]
20. In civil war since 1988, this nation has received much media attention for its problems of maritime piracy in the
Gulf of Aden area. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this nation on the Horn of Africa.
ANSWER: Somalia
[10] April 2008 saw the Third Battle of this capital, where Islamist insurgency Ash-Shabaab clashed with Ethiopian
and Transitional Federal Government troops.
ANSWER: Mogadishu
[10] Ash-Shabaab formed in the aftermath of the 2007 defeat of this main warring faction, popularly known as
“Somali Islamists” and the target of US air strikes due to their Al-Qaeda connections.
ANSWER: Islamic Courts Union or ICU [TC]
21. His works include The Tree of Man, The Vivisector, and a work about the title explorer. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this Australian author of Voss. He won the Nobel Prize in 1973.
Answer: Patrick White
[10] White was the only winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature from this nation. Thomas Keneally, known for his
Schindler’s Ark, is also from this nation.
Answer: Australia
[10] This other Australian author wrote novels such as Bliss, The Tax Inspector, and Jack Maggs but is better known
for The True History of the Kelly Gang and Oscar and Lucinda.
Answer: Peter Carey [YC]