11.
1.
2.
What two communication systems run through
the body?
NERVOUS SYSTEM
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
What are the two parts of the Nervous System?
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
3.
What are the two parts of the Central Nervous
System?
BRAIN and SPINAL CORD
4.
What are the two parts of the Peripheral
Nervous System?
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
5.
6.
What are the two parts of the Autonomic
Nervous System?
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS
SYSTEM
What is the term for the body’s response to a
potentially dangerous or stressful situation?
FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE
7.
What is the term for the body’s response to a
relaxing and calming situation?
REST AND DIGEST RESPONSE
8.
When your body’s fight or flight response
mechanism is triggered, what part of the brain is
activated?
HYPOTHALAMUS
9.
10.
When your body’s fight or flight response
mechanism is triggered, which nervous system
is activated?
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Please name three physical reactions to a
stressful reaction?
PUPILS DILATE
HEART RATE INCREASES
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM SHUTS DOWN
12.
When your body’s fight or flight response
mechanism is triggered, which gland is
activated?
PITUITARY GLAND
What hormone does the pituitary gland secrete?
ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC
HORMONE (ACTH)
13.
What three hormones does the adrenal gland
secrete?
CORTISOL
EPINEPHRINE
NOREPINEPHRINE
14.
Coffee causes the release of what hormone?
CORTISOL
15.
Cortisol causes an increase in what?
BELLY FAT
16.
Epinephrine is also called what?
ADRENALINE
17.
Norepinephrine is also called what?
NORADRENALINE
18.
Too much cortisol what disease?
CUSHING’S SYNDROME
19.
Too little cortisol causes what disease?
ADDISON’S DISEASE
20.
What is the term for good stress?
EUSTRESS
21.
What is the term for bad stress?
DISTRESS
22.
Type of conflict situation: two attractive options.
APPROACH-APPROACH
23.
Type of conflict situation: two bad options.
AVOIDANCE-AVOIDANCE
24.
Type of conflict situation: both good and bad
options.
APPROACH-AVOIDANCE
25.
Type of conflict situation: multiple good and bad
options.
DOUBLE APPROACH-AVOIDANCE
26.
27.
cells?
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
What term refers to the brain’s ability to
continually reorganize itself on the basis of
environmental input?
PLASTICITY
38.
Parkinson’s disease is caused by an
undersupply of what neurotransmitter?
DOPAMINE
39.
Schizophrenia is caused by an oversupply of
what neurotransmitter?
DOPAMINE
40.
What neurotransmitter is your body’s natural
pain killer?
ENDORPHINS
41.
What are sensory neurons also called?
AFFERENT NEURONS
42.
What are motors neurons also called?
EFFERENT NEURONS
43.
What are the three parts of the brain?
FOREBRAIN
MIDBRAIN
HINDBRAIN
44.
What is the outer layer of the forebrain called?
CEREBRAL CORTEX
45.
What is the inner layer of the forebrain called?
CEREBRUM
46.
What are the four parts of the Limbic System?
HIPPOCAMPUS
HYPOTHALAMUS
AMYGDALA
THALAMUS
The brain is composed of what two kinds of
NERVE CELLS (NEURONS)
GLIAL CELLS
What brain cells act as glue and garbage
collectors for dead neuron cells?
GLIAL CELLS
Electro-chemical message sent from one neuron
to another.
ACTION POTENTIAL
Please name the nerve fiber which sends the
action potential away from the neuron.
AXON
Please name the nerve fiber which receives the
action potential from another neuron.
DENDRITE
What is the fatty white substance which
insulates some axon fibers called?
MYELIN SHEATH
33.
What disease does a person develop if their
myelin sheath breaks down?
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS)
34.
What is the gap between two neurons called?
SYNAPSE
47.
35.
What is the name of the chemical which carries
the action potential message over the synapse
called?
NEUROTRANSMITTER
Which part of the Limbic System filters incoming
external sensory information?
THALAMUS
48.
Depression is caused by an undersupply of what
neurotransmitter?
SEROTONIN
Which part of the Limbic System monitors
incoming internal sensory information?
HYPOTHALAMUS
49.
Which part of the Limbic System converts
working memory into long term memory?
HIPPOCAMPUS
36.
37.
Alzheimer’s disease is caused by an
undersupply of what neurotransmitter?
ACETYLCHOLINE
50.
Which part of the Limbic System regulates our
emotions?
AMYGDALA
62.
What brain imaging machine shows both the
structure and functioning of the brain?
fMRI
51.
What part of the brain links the forebrain with the
hindbrain?
MIDBRAIN
63.
Stage one sleep is characterized by what kind of
brain waves?
ALPHA WAVES
52.
64.
Stage two sleep is characterized by what kind of
brain waves?
THETA WAVES
What are the three parts of the hindbrain?
CEREBELLUM
MEDULLA
PONS
53.
What part of the hindbrain controls finely
coordinated movements?
CEREBELLUM
54.
What part of the hindbrain controls breathing
and heart rate?
MEDULLA
55.
What part of the hindbrain controls sleep and
links the brain to spinal cord?
PONS
56.
A cut or a purposeful destruction of a specific
part of the brain to learn more about the brain and
behavior is called what?
LESION
57.
Please name the railroad worker whose
personality dramatically changed after he suffered
damage to his frontal lobe.
PHINEAS GAGE
58.
What machine records electrical activity in large
portions of the brain and is used to study sleep?
EEG
59.
What brain imaging machine uses X rays to
produce an image of the Brain’s structure?
CT scan
60.
What brain imaging machine shows how the
brain functions?
PET scan
61.
What brain imaging machine uses magnets
produce an image of the Brain’s structure?
MRI
65.
Stage four sleep is characterized by what kind of
brain waves?
DELTA WAVES
66.
Stage one sleep is characterized by sudden
jerks called what?
HYPNIC TWITCHES
67.
Stage two sleep is characterized by what kind of
EEG waveforms?
SLEEP SPINDLES
K COMPLEXES
68.
Deep sleep occurs during which sleep stage?
STAGE 4
69.
Parasomnias occur during which sleep stage?
STAGE 4
70.
What does REM stand for?
RAPID EYE MOVEMENT
71.
REM sleep is also called what?
ACTIVE SLEEP
PARADOXICAL SLEEP
72.
This sleep disorder affects older men; they act
out their dreams while asleep.
REM SLEEP DISORDER
73.
This sleep disorder is characterized by the
inability to fall asleep.
INSOMNIA
74.
This sleep disorder is characterized by suddenly
falling asleep.
NARCOLEPSY
75.
This sleep disorder is characterized by difficulty
breathing while asleep.
SLEEP APNEA
76.
What kind of psychoactive drugs decrease the
activity of the CNS?
DEPRESSANTS
77.
What kind of psychoactive drugs increase the
activity of the CNS?
STIMULANTS
88.
What does JND stand for?
JUST NOTICEABLE DIFFERENCE
89.
What theory states the bigger or stronger the
stimulus, the bigger or stronger the change has to be in
order for detection to occur?
WEBER’S LAW
90.
The ability to detect a stimulus.
SENSITIVITY
78.
Alcohol and barbiturates are examples of what
kind of psychoactive drug?
DEPRESSANTS
91.
Decreasing responsiveness to an unchanging
stimulus.
ADAPTATION
HABITUATION
79.
Nicotine, cocaine and caffeine are examples of
what kind of psychoactive drug?
STIMULANTS
92.
This is the outer most part of the eye; it bends
and focuses light waves into narrow beams.
CORNEA
80.
Opium, heroin and morphine are examples of
what kind of psychoactive drug?
OPIATES
93.
This is the opening of the eye that allows light
into the eye.
PUPIL
81.
94.
This is the muscle which opens or closes the
pupil; gives your eye color.
IRIS
Raw information from the senses.
SENSATION
82.
Raw sensation given meaning in the cerebral
cortex.
PERCEPTION
83.
What is the conversion of a stimulus into a
neural impulse is called?
TRANSDUCTION
84.
The point at which a person becomes aware of a
stimulus is called what?
THRESHOLD
85.
Minimum amount of a stimulus that can be
detected 50% of the time.
ABSOLUTE THRESHOLD THEORY
86.
Detecting a stimulus in the presence of
competing stimuli.
SIGNAL DETECTION THEORY
87.
Smallest noticeable increase/decrease in the
intensity of a stimulus.
DIFFERENCE THRESHOLD
95.
This part of your eye bends and focuses light
waves into narrow beams inside your eye.
LENS
96.
This part of your eye contains photoreceptors;
performs transduction.
RETINA
97.
Please name the two kinds of photoreceptor
cells found in the eye.
RODS
CONES
98.
What nerve carries visual impulses from the eye
to the brain?
OPTIC NERVE
99.
What nerve carries auditory impulses from the
ear to the brain?
AUDITORY NERVE
100.
What nerve carries smell impulses from the
nose to the brain?
OLFACTORY NERVE
101.
What term refers to the difference between the 2
images we sense?
RETINAL DISPARITY
102.
What term refers to the process of fusing 2
images into 1 image?
BINOCULAR FUSION
103.
The eardrum is also called what?
TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
104.
What part of the ear performs auditory
transduction?
COCHLEA
105.
What kind of deafness is caused when the outer
or middle ear cannot carry sound and can be helped with
a
hearing aid?
CONDUCTION DEAFNESS
106.
What kind of deafness is caused by inner ear
damage and may be helped with a cochlear implant?
SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS
107.
Kind of mental processing; occurs when we use
our experience to form a perception from what we
sense.
TOP-DOWN PROCESSING
108.
Kind of mental processing; occurs when we pull
sensations together to form a whole, new perception.
BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING
109.
Visual perceptual constancy can occur in what
three ways?
COLOR
SHAPE
SIZE
110.
Depth perception can be influenced by what two
kinds of depth cues?
MONOCULAR DEPTH CUES
BINOCULAR DEPTH CUES