THE BIG SQUEEZE NEWSLETTER ARCHIVES Copyright Patricia E. Moody CMC 2006, All Rights Reserved ---------------------------------------------------------------THE BIG SQUEEZE NEWSLETTER April/May 2006, Extending Your Reach Think lean, think purchasing, think logistics, think packaging, think transportation, think distribution – every nickel! CONTENTS 1. One Plus One Equals Three, Consolidation of Manufacturing and Supply Management – Is There Any Other Way? Smart companies are looking not for somebody who understands all the acronyms, but someone who has experience in the profession, not in the industry. Guy Carter, executive recruiter Why would any company that spends 70, 80, 90% or more of its total costs outside the company not consolidate all the money management with a single professional, someone who understands suppliers and contracts and technology trends, and true costs? Why not structure an organization that reports in to the Chief Financial Officer so that internal materials sourcing, and insourced and outsourced processing/manufacturing, is managed competitively? Makes sense, but only a few company CEO’s have this degree of financial control in their operations because they have not consolidated manufacturing with supply management. We asked three top search consultants for their take on the best way for professionals to meet this challenge… 2. Enough Arreddy – Spend Management Counts! This morning I spoke with a leading lean consultant about helping a client. What he said scared me….. 3. The Big Squeeze, Another Savings Idea from the Experts, Lean Packaging “There’s money in them there little packages,” Professor Diana Twede, Michigan State University You know we love those little packages, and the big ones too. We love the way companies are saving huge amounts of cash by moving to returnable containers – “Cardboard,” as my friend Mark Preston of Respironics says, “is not a world-class material!” But there’s more to the packaging game than just cutting corrugated and working deals with suppliers. Harley-Davidson sits packaging engineers on their design teams to ensure best value for best packaging design, at the same time they are creating their winning bikes and accessories. In fact, one of Harley’s favorite suppliers, Milsco, is the source of the following incredible payback stats. Dale Opgenorth, Milsco’s packaging honcho, is always working the cost reduction angle, and he’s built a great reputation for results, including half a million dollars worth! ….. 4. Savings Throughout The Enterprise It’s hard to be an expert in all functions, especially Product Design and trucking. Start with an Assessment that will identify your true savings opportunities areas. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. One Plus One Equals Three, Consolidation of Manufacturing and Supply Management – Is There Any Other Way? Smart companies are looking not for somebody who understands all the acronyms, but someone who has experience in the profession, not in the industry. Guy Carter, executive recruiter Let’s try that one more time. You’ve outsourced 80% of your spend but you still don’t control manufacturing?….. Hmmm, I see problems ahead. Why would any company that spends 70, 80, 90% or more of its total costs outside the company not consolidate all their money management with a single professional, someone who understands suppliers and contracts and technology trends, and true costs? Why not structure an organization that reports in to the Chief Financial Officer so that internal materials sourcing, and insourced and outsourced processing/manufacturing, is managed competitively? Makes sense, but only a few company CEO’s have this degree of financial control in their operations because they have not consolidated manufacturing with supply management. Extending Your Reach That’s right, we’re not talking just about elimination of maverick spending. That’s so-o-o 90’s. We’re talking complete spend consolidation! Consolidating global manufacturing operations, and supply management under the CFO solves the Lean Manufacturing “sustaining the gains” syndrome that companies like Boeing and others have experienced when they tried to extend Lean outside their walls. It gets a lot easier when the financial reasons for picking and managing the right suppliers become the organization’s mantra. And it puts a lot of reality into Lean. When Theresa Metty left IBM for Motorola, her job description started in supply management, but soon included manufacturing. The combined responsibilities produced more leverage to cut millions. Willie Deese, a veteran GlaxoSmithKline supply management exec now working a turnaround at Merck, covers global manufacturing as well as supply chain. When shareholders insist on accountability for profits, especially in downturns, the Income Statement becomes key because that is where top execs shine, where product costs subtracted from revenues equal net profit. It’s personal, real personal… But how does this concept relate to my career you ask? Well, if you’re a besieged lean manufacturing pro knocking elbows with thousands of other equally well-prepared Black Belts, you’re feeling like an endangered species about now. If you’re a young professional just starting out in Supply Management, the world may be brighter and safer, but it’s still, let’s face it, not the glamour job the analysts and Boards fawn over. Sure, supply management has been known to save companies, but that’s not a base requirement in your typical job description. Three Pros Respond We asked three top search consultants for their take on the best way for professionals to meet this challenge. Guy Carter, of the Carter Group (http://www.thecartergroup.com/) in Mobile, Alabama, an area of North America to which so many automotive assemblers and suppliers have migrated, is optimistic. “From where we sit, we are not seeing as much combination of the functions. We have seen it combined by $100 – 200M or less companies, but the billion dollar ones tend to keep functions separate.” Manufacturing may not take center stage, but other less glamorous functions such as logistics and packaging, are stepping right up into the limelight. Carter sees a strong trend here – “But I have to say that logistics has become very important in the last couple years. What we are seeing is large firms getting very serious about the complete supply chain and its impact. They want to use the supply chain executive to be the lead candidate in the turnaround of the company. There are dollars to be made - usually it’s the supply executive doing the major piece of helping make that turnaround.” Good news for any up-and-coming supply management pro. Career advice Carter has some advice about how to prepare for taking on turnarounds and profitability challenges – “Candidates should have a variety of experience. There’s an equal number of females – it’s no longer just men doing this. We see strong professionals with degrees out of Arizona State, for instance. On the analytical side, finance people have moved into supply chain sector, so it’s clear people are going to have a variety of experiences.” And that could be a problem with veterans who have some twenty-plus years experience concentrated in one area. “Not,” warns Carter, “ to tell them to move around, but they have to build their knowledge base “ Building your knowledge base helps candidates looking to cross industry lines as well. “Take the utility industry”, says Carter, “They figured out that they didn’t have the right skill set, and so they have brought in some outside professionals, as well as the usual good people from Florida Power and Light, a pioneer in quality operations. They understand they will have to look elsewhere for infusions of experienced professionals. Smart companies are looking not for somebody who understands all the acronyms, but someone who has experience in the profession, not in the industry.” This powerful shift has benefited professionals from some pioneering industries – high tech being one. “High tech people,” says Carter, “have done a lot of supply chain work. Twenty-five years ago they were sitting in manufacturing. Now, they have moved up the power curve, and companies are looking for people with that experience. They have to go outside to get that experience, and that’s a big shift.” Heidrick and Struggles Heidrick and Struggles, one of the premier executive placement firms, is the group that placed the late Gene Richter at IBM where he completed a $12B turnaround. This firm remains a continued leader in big supply management searches - everyone wants to be on their Rolodex. I posed the same questions to Cliff Wright, Heidrick and Struggles partner based in their Atlanta, Ga. office (http://www.heidrick.com/Offices/OfficeDetail.aspx?OfficeCode=ATL). Question: Do you see that combining supply management and manufacturing responsibilities - at a high level - is happening, and if so, do you think it will continue, and why? Wright takes a wide view of the power of an integrated supply chain to contribute to genuine profitability. “There are four buckets - supply chain planning, manufacturing, logistics, procurement. That’s kind of your integrated supply chain. When you incorporate the other functions - Finance, IT and marketing - all of those other pieces get tied into it and from a corporate perspective, that’s what makes the whole thing hum.” Total delivered cost is what counts It’s not just about profits, but complete integration that gives companies what many of them still wrestle with – better cost info, what Wright calls total delivered cost. “At the end of the day it’s all about total delivered cost, that’s why companies get lost. One hand is not watching what the other is doing.” He paints a familiar, nightmare scenario. “Sales, for instance, is focused on driving top line - they might be running a special on something, or running an ad, but no one tells manufacturing that they’ve got a special running on a product. So manufacturing has to run an extra shift to get this product out – but if the idea was not to cost extra money in labor or overtime! They wanted to make more money.” And that, warns Wright, is the crux of the integration/communication problem. “If there is greater communication, greater collaboration, that’s how companies will do better.” Green Volvos Wright recounts another story to illustrate. “Three or four years ago Volvo found itself long on green sedans, so they ran a special to get rid of those greenies. It worked – people walked into showrooms and drove off with those green bargains. Green Volvo inventories started to drop, when all of a sudden up on the manufacturing production screen, popped an Alert – ‘We’re short on green Volvos - we better get going – we’re scheduling another production run - nobody told us about the sale – wow, we’d better make more!” And that’s what happens when there is bad communication inside the company! Well-known examples such as Theresa Metty and Willie Deese aside, why is it taking companies so long to integrate manufacturing and supply management? “Most of them,” says Wright, “don’t get it. It goes back to the four C’s - coordination, communcation, collaboration and compliance – that’s what drives the supply chain, and that’s a lot of effort, and that’s a difficult thing to do in any organization, and the larger you are, to do on a global scale, it gets very difficult.” When Jerry York, now a Kirkorian honcho on GM’s Board, was IBM’s CFO, Gene Richter knew that his mandate - to eliminate maverick spending and consolidate to leverage IBM’s multi-billion dollar spend - was clear and well-supported. York, a West Pointer who had also worked for Iacocca, has a reputation for being tough and straight. Richter said IBM at that time of the turnaround was like a drowning man, desperate for a lifeline, no questions asked. But that is not the case with all companies that truly need to consolidate. In fact, Wright feels that “most CEO’s are very hesitant to issue any mandates - no one likes to do that sort of thing, so it’s really up to the individuals to go in and influence, persuade and build that trust with those relationships, to make things happen.” It’s a softer approach, but is it really what American industries, such as automotive and its suppliers, can afford to do right now? How much time do we have? Wright believes that the softer approach takes longer. “And the problem is you have to be in those roles long enough to build the relationships. Normally if you are not in that role long enough, if you move out of that role, somebody has to go back in and start all over again. There has to be a commitment at the C level - commitment at the ver top - to make this happen. And until people really understand the value of supply chain it’s not going to happen.” That’s tough news for eager professionals in supply management ready to tackle the whole enterprise, from Value Engineering and supply management, down through manufacturing, packaging, and logistics - because it means their next job may still be limited to traditional procurement. Different industries define their supply chain with different borders. A narrow view, simply procurement, is missing a lot of opportunity. “If it’s a retail environment you can pull out manufacturing, but the challenge will be planning logistics and procurement,” says Wright. “It depends on what world you are addressing. Most people say procurement is where you can have most influence.” Our third question was aimed at helping ambitious supply management pros and their CEO’s focus on the right skill set. We asked our three executive recruiters if, in the ideal combination of supply management and manufacturing responsibilities, it is better to bring in a lean expert or a supply management executive? What skills/experience would one look for as essential in someone to handle both these functions? It depends…. The answer, of course, – is it depends. Wright feels “I think honestly it depends on what your problem is. If you are a manufacturing company and you have problems on both ends – a manufacturing problem you’re trying to “lean out”, and if you’re not buying well either, I would bring in a procurement person. Because here is the thing, if you can reduce your costs 5%, to equal that you would have to increase your sales by 50%. They still don't get it -– the smart ones do, the big guys. If you are one of the top 25 consumerbranded companies, most of them get it.” How much you gonna pay for that? But are they willing to pay for the kind of talent and experience that can integrate a supply chain and deliver profits? Not always. Wright cites a disappointing, but not uncommon, story to illustrate. “Here’s an example. This is almost sad, but spot-on. I was talking to a company that is a $5B distributor of steel. They needed a procurement person who would be responsible for their spend, about $4B.” When Wright asked, ‘How much are you going to pay?’ the response was disheartening – ‘We don’t want to pay him more than more than $200 – 225k.’ ‘You’re kidding’, Wright responded. ‘Is he on the executive team?’ ‘Nope.’ ‘Well okay, does he get stock options?’ ‘None.’ ‘Well, I’m confused. I don’t think we’re going for right level. If somebody were controlling 75 – 80% of my revenues and I didn’t have them that close to me, I would be concerned that I did not have the right person.’ He looked at me with defiance, and I said ‘I think you need to find someone else to do the search.’ ‘Well, maybe I do.’ Although he tried to convince me to take the search, I priced myself out of it. It’s disappointing, but that’s the mindset - , here is a $5B company with this kind mindset, and it was coming from the CFO! He was in the right place - he should have known better he was thinking small. “Now,” said Wright, “if that were me, I would want the best person I could find in that particular arena of metals, someone who knew the commodity metals industry backwards and forwards, somebody who could bring me the right deals.” What’s it worth to you? What does “the right person,” a well-educated, experienced pro with knowledge of his or her profession, command today? (You can exhale now, it’s good news folks….) “The right person would have been $275 – 300K with a 50% bonus, a $450 – 500k per year guy, because that person is going to bring an additional 5- 7% maybe 10% to the bottom line, an additional $200M! So they didn’t get it, and they are still not a client. There are times when you don’t want people as a client, because they don’t get it.” Wright makes his living doing search, and he knows a dead-end when he sees it. “Being in the business for as long as I have, I get to pick and chose who to do business with. There’s a headhunter out there for everybody. There is somebody who will do that assignment. He will do a very average to mediocre job, exactly what that client wanted, somebody he could control. But we all know that what that CFO really needed is an exec who, when he got bad direction – would push back.” So what is the ultimate measure of the success of combining mfg. with supply management? Is it profitability, or simply solid cost reduction? Dave Nelson, former worldwide supply management chief at Delphi, has seen both, and he is, says Wright, still ranked as one of North America’s top supply management leaders, despite Delphi’s troubles. “Some things, ” says Wright, “you can’t control. “Sometimes you bring on the absolute best you can bring on, like Dave, but Dave doesn’t know what has been agreed upon (the GM/UAW contracts, for instance), what’s has been put in place, so his hands are tied - he can only negotiate his way out of certain things.” “So, what is ultimate measure of success? – the ultimate measure is having a totally integrated supply chain that is working with all the other functions, working well with them, finance, sales and marketing, really focused on total delivered cost.” Another manufacturing recruiter weights in Rich Witowski is a executive recruiter and president of Sanford Rose Associates in Greenville, South Carolina (http://www.sanfordrose.com/about/statelistings.asp?specialt y=SC&submit=Show+Offices). His recent searches have included manufacturing management, site management, controllers, manager of inventory and cost. Witowski posted a unique VP position that combined supply management with manufacturing on Monster.com. I wanted to know more about this unique search and Witowski’s expectations. I asked how often Witowski saw this type of combined position. “It’s not something that we see fairly frequently - this company is not as big as Motorola – and they have a unique problem they are trying to solve in their supply chain. So rather than trying to hire two people, they decided on this new job.” In a business that is 100% outsourced it makes sense. Here, the product is highly engineered - final operations consist of assembly, calibrate and ship. When a very good engineering department designs for assembly, putting it together is the easy part. Witowski had a different take on which skills are more important to bring to this position – supply management or manufacturing/lean. “Quite honestly, for all the jobs we work on today - mid to upper - everybody has to have lean or Six Sigma background because there’s always a better way to do their job. If you haven’t been through it, it’s a big learning curve, so companies want candidates who bring examples to the table. Manufacturing management probably has more all-around-experience requirements versus a supply chain person. A supply chain person is an office guy who gets quotes, whereas manufacturing has to understand the supply chain and how it integrates into the manufacturing part of it – they are ultimately responsible for inventories.” What does this say about the ultimate measure of success of combining mfg. with supply management at this job posting? Witowki believes that the uniqueness of this particular job posting is a reflection of this particular company’s unique dilemma. He thinks their measure of success will be managing excesses and obsolete inventory because of what their unique problem is. “They have written off several million of that type of inventory because of the overall process. They’ve got people out buying stuff because they think they need it, then engineering makes changes because they think it’s a good idea, and by the time the part comes in, it’s already obsolete!” This new position is another integration challenge. “Whoever takes on this job will need to get his arms around the whole organization pretty quickly to create an efficient supply chain system that will reduce obsolescence.” The challenge is complicated by a typical lack of good data. Like so many companies, this one, says Witkowski, “doesn’t know how much is excess in spend - they have an R & D guy managing the spend right now. He wants it to be right and he doesn’t care how much it costs!” A strong leader could work miracles given these problems. It will take someone who understands what supply chain is, and how to get everybody together. If you’re a supply management pro looking to move to the top of your profession, be conversant in lean, as well as logistics, packaging and transportation. If you’re a member of manufacturing’s endangered species, you don’t have many places to go, but try to pick up some experience in supply management. The experience will move you. 2. Enough Arreddy – Spend Management Counts! Take a look at your favorite American automotive stock – the market don’t lie. This morning I spoke with a leading lean consultant about helping a client. I told him we needed someone to help reduce spend in several areas – transportation/logisitcs/distribution, and packaging. I didn’t mention we are also going to bring in Value Engineering, one of the most difficult but greatest contributions to product cost in early design stages. He assured me that he had done all sorts of things in transportation, logistics, kanban, placement of replenishment materials line side, or cell-side. BUT HE ASKED ME WHAT THE WORD ‘SPEND’ MEANT! Whoa. What does that tell us about where US manufacturing is today? Well, we’ve got the kaizen methods down cold – we should have, because we’ve been perfecting kanban and 5S - all the things I wrote about in Powered by Honda, The Kaizen Blitz, and The Perfect Engine - years and years ago. In 1989 David Halberstam wrote that the U. S. auto industry was headed for a shake-out caused by the fact that there would be 5 cars for every 4 buyers. Now, that was almost 20 years ago, and I have to say that GM and the other Detroit giants, and their suppliers, have spent those 20 years working way too long, and I mean way-y-y too long, on kaizen. And total culture change. Religion. Give me a break! Even Toyota understands what spend management is, how to do spend analysis. When companies outsource significant amounts of their product, say 85% as in automotive, or almost 100% in electronics, that means that the guys who control spend, the CPO (Chief Purchasing Officer), or buyers or commodity managers, or VP of supply chain, are controlling most of the cost that goes into products. Manufacturing is generally reduced to on-site assembly, not as big a contributor to spend as it used to be. So here is my frustration – why is it that lean manufacturing experts know everything they could possibly know about kanban, something that it shouldn’t have taken 20 years to learn, but they don’t know what the word spend means. And why is it the guys I see running supply management/procurement/purchasing, understand lean manufacturing quite well, since many of them are helping suppliers get lean, and they damn well understand spend management and spend analysis, but they aren’t running manufacturing? Get real. We don’t have a lot of time left to fix this. Give the guys who control most of the money that companies spend on productmaking the whole enchilada – supply chain and manufacturing and engineering (whoa that’s a big one!) – and get the hell out of the way. Let them find the money. It’s not about The Lean Religion, folks, it’s about aggressive management of the big numbers, the ones that make the difference between profitability now, and a painful, hungry, singular focus on only manufacturing, and only lean manufacturing, and only lean manufacturing with no technology assists (even Toyota uses computers now!) Enough. Do it. . ------------- 3. Lean Packaging “There’s money in them there little packages,” Professor Diana Twede, Michigan State University Cardboard is not a world-class material! You know we love those little packages, and the big ones too. We love the way companies are saving huge amounts of cash by moving to returnable containers – “Cardboard,” as my friend Mark Preston of Respironics says, “is not a world-class material!” But there’s more to the packaging game than just cutting out corrugated and working deals with suppliers. Harley-Davidson sits packaging engineers on their design teams to ensure best value for best packaging design, at the same time they are creating their winning bikes and accessories. In fact, one of Harley’s favorite suppliers, Milsco, is the source of the following incredible payback stats. Dale Opgenorth, Milsco’s packaging honcho, is always working the cost reduction angle, and he’s built a great reputation for results, including: Talk about Big Squeeze, since May of 2000, he has saved the company about $438,000 in packaging costs: - Reduced shipping costs for incoming materials by going from 4 layers to 5 layers per TL, by changing packaging - Changed pallet designs, consolidations - Consolidation of parts to increase quantities, better price breaks - Switch to returnables from suppliers - Change packaging materials, example: upgrade one item so that can reduce other packaging components. - Plus many more small items, which add up to large savings Opgenorth is a self-described believer in "Changing the Paradigm" who wants to open our eyes to the importance of good packaging design. Write to him with your packaging design questions c/o tricia@patriciaemoody.com. Packaging design savings at HP I featured a fresh look at packaging approaches in The Big Squeeze. Professor Diana Twede (Associate Professor, School of Packaging Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, http://www.packaging.msu.edu, write to her c/o tricia@patriciaemoody.com) is a woman in love the with possibilities of great packaging design – from pallet loading, to individual container ideas. The following excerpt from The Big Squeeze logistics blog (www.LeanTransformation.com) also cites the breakthrough work at Hewlett Packard of a MSU grad, Kevin Howard: Those poor little packages can do an awful lot for you. You can cut transportation costs in half if you make the package half the size. We have an alumnus at HP – Kevin Howard - responsible for postponement on packaging of printers – $2 million per month savings – not ft from customization or inventory reduction, but mostly because he cut the cost of transportation in half. They shipped printers all over the world, mostly from Vancouver, Washington, with no packaging. So here’s how it went – it started with customerization. They had printers packed in boxes in Vancouver. If a printer was going to France, it would be boxed with a different power cord and a different manual and language. Sometimes they would have the wrong number of French printers in the wrong place – they could not predict demand well enough, were always tearing apart and reboxing. That’s where Kevin started. He came up with a box you could customerize and then he went beyond that. You could ship into a DC in Europe, for instance, and then ship the order out from there, customerize the label, manual, etc., for France or Germany or Poland. .There was an article in HBR about postponement, but what the article didn’t talk about was that by shipping without the box and without cushioning- the only reason you put cushioning around the printer is to protect from the danger of drop damage from waist high loading on the dock and so since they are shipping to the foreign DC in pallet load quantities, they don’t need customization, and the pallet won’t be dropped because it’s a bulk pack. Once the bulk pack reached the DC, they customerize and ship out as a onesie. Think how much volume the polystyrene foam cushion takes. Just by getting rid of the cushion, the bulk pack can hold twice as many bare naked printers as when in the box. Kevin used foam sheets and stretch wrap, so the air containers can take twice as many. So what happens when you ship twice as many printers in the same space? You cut transportation costs - $2M/month including all the extra packaging cardboard, foam, labor in foreign countries. Plus you save on inventory because you’re shipping a generic printer, instead of one printer for France, one for Germany, one for Poland. But the biggest savings was the cube savings, and that’s a hard message to convey. We have computer programs that help figure out pallet stacking; you program the shipping container dimensions, and the software tells you what patterns on the pallet will best utilize the space. One package is called CAPE, a competing one is TOPS. The nice thing about them is they start with the shipping container size and give the best pattern, but they also can redesign the shipping container so it better fits on the pallet. If you make shampoo or Rice Krispies, you could figure out the best size for the cereal box - just by changing the box by a couple millimeters, more goes on the pallet, therefore transportation costs drop. Remember on transportation over the road either cubes or weighs out. There is a weight limit, usually 40k pounds per trailer. If you are shipping beer in glass bottles, you can never fill up the trucks as it weighs too much. In that case your packaging strategy is to change the weight. If it cubes out, you have to figure out how to reduce the cube. If you have beer in glass vs. plastic bottles, you’ll get more bottles into the truck! When people have looked at this, they saw they could change the weight of the glass also. Another example of how to reduce transportation costs – pallets take space, and everybody is trying to figure out how to get the pallet out of the ocean container, but still handle the material mechanically, not hand load. HP has done a lot with looking at slip sheets, board under load, special lift truck – not forks – which reduces the amount of cube and still is mechanical. Saves money. 4. Savings Throughout The Enterprise It’s hard to be an expert in all functions, especially Product Design and trucking. But there are resources to help you start the journey. Start with an Assessment that will identify your true savings opportunity areas, from Design, all the way through sourcing – raw materials and MRO, labor, manufacturing, packaging, transportation, logistics, even energy costs. Because there’s money in them there ideas! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------NewsletterFebruary CONTENTS: FROM THE EDITOR: JUST HOW MUCH IS ENOUGH? Happy Valentines Day Readers! This newsletter is dedicated to savings – savings from lean, savings from kaizen, and most especially savings from spend management and analysis, the fancy definition of all the savings ideas contained in my little business novella, The Big Squeeze, Ten Ways to Cut Your Company’s Expenses 10% Right Now! (www.LeanTransformation.com). I want to give you a complete portfolio of savings ideas – from all across the enterprise – ideas that generate guaranteed savings for small and medium-sized companies, as well as the biggies. I want you to save money during boom times and lean times, even when you have no extra bodies to send out on shop floor waste reduction campaigns… FINDING SUBSTANTIAL SAVINGS BEYOND LEAN You’ll find huge savings in the most ordinary places. When manufacturing managers first experimented with kaizen more than 15 years ago, they targeted only a few areas for improvement— set-up time reduction and changeovers and shop floor inventory. The methods and results were so impressive and revolutionary that the kaizen campaigns grew and morphed into a whole lean manufacturing approach. But the limits of lean showed themselves when teams dug deeper into layers of complex global supply networks. … MORLEY’S MESSAGE “You’re not going to diet your way to financial success…” A Message from NCMS Chairman Dick Morley: It’s About Tech, Not Lean – Finally! Lean is a very interesting concept. Anorectic patients aren't very healthy, but anorexia – and we’re talking about corporate anorexia, an obsession with no inventories, no waste, no food, no fat, no flexibility - eliminates the need to make choices. It makes people very comfortable because they're doing the "right thing." … AND NOW A WORD FROM OUR SPONSOR…. The Big Squeeze, Ten Ways to Cut Your Company’s Expenses Right Now! www.LeanTransformation.com: You say you want to blow the doors off those Cost Accountants – you want your name imprinted on the CEO’s forehead, and not because there’s a bounty out on your hide… TAKE WHAT’S IMPORTANT TO YOU If the Dragon Lady had her way, this was going to be a short assignment... ------------------------------------------------------FROM THE EDITOR: Just how much is enough? Happy Valentines Day Readers! This newsletter is dedicated to savings – savings from lean, savings from kaizen, and most especially savings from spend management and analysis, the fancy definition of all the savings ideas contained in my little business novella, The Big Squeeze, Ten Ways to Cut Your Company’s Expenses 10% Right Now! (www.LeanTransformation.com). We want to give you a complete portfolio of savings ideas – from all across the enterprise – ideas that generate guaranteed savings for small and medium-sized companies, as well as the biggies. We want you to save money during boom times and lean times, even when you have no extra bodies to send out on shop floor waste reduction campaigns. How much is enough? If you are just starting on this journey, expect to find some incredible and big savings opportunities – in the 20 – 30% range. For those operations that have a few best practices and some dedicated sourcing people, expect to generate 3 – 5% savings every year. But if you are experienced, or an expert in spend management and savings – and you know who you are – the numbers, and the degree of difficulty go up. You have passed the plateau of sustaining the gains and you’re well on your way toward using technology tools to become the cost leader in your enterprise. $$$ FINDING SUBSTANTIAL SAVINGS BEYOND LEAN You’ll find huge savings in the most ordinary places. When manufacturing managers first experimented with kaizen more than 15 years ago, they targeted only a few areas for improvement— set-up time reduction and changeovers and shop floor inventory. The methods and results were so impressive and revolutionary that the kaizen campaigns grew and morphed into a whole lean manufacturing approach. But the limits of lean showed themselves when teams dug deeper into layers of complex global supply networks. …Stories abound about companies that have had difficulty sustaining the gains—quick studies such as multiple-Shingo Award winner Delphi and Boeing. But in fact, there is plenty of gold to be mined in the industrial heartland. Call it lean, call it strategic sourcing, but call it first of all real savings—quick cash to fuel new products, new plants, and new employees. If your operation needs to find faster sources of immediate payback, look for the ordinary, overlooked opportunity areas. … One area to look for savings involves trains, ships, and planes. Logistics represent nearly $1 trillion worth of costs every year. For example: Blog entries from the book, “The Big Squeeze,” illustrate the opportunities to achieve savings. --Milk runs. [Such] runs save transportation money and build more consistency into your supply network. If you are a small company, consider buddying up—consolidating—with another small company with similar needs, and the two of you will save money… For the rest of this article, visit the APICS (American Production and Inventory Control Society) web site , www.apics.org and subscribe by putting e-mail address in the appropriate box in the lower left-hand corner of the APICS home page. Additional Resource For more information on lean beyond the shop floor, read Moody’s article, “Mining for Gold: Execute Lean in Unexpected Places,” in the March 2006 issue of APICS magazine. &&& MORLEY’S MESSAGE “You’re not going to diet your way to financial success…” A Message from NCMS Chairman Dick Morley: It’s About Tech, Not Lean – Finally! Lean is a very interesting concept. Anorectic patients aren't very healthy, but anorexia – and we’re talking about corporate anorexia, an obsession with no inventories, no waste, no food, no fat, no flexibility - eliminates the need to make choices. It makes people very comfortable because they're doing the "right thing." Remember, if you're comfortable, you're doing something wrong. Lean - in the animal sense - means that you're a pampered racehorse and can do nothing else; you have no reserves to change markets, product, ideas, time to markets, personnel and the like. As an example, when a major US construction equipment producer was on strike, all the laborers left. Management then ran the plant and delivered more products at a higher quality than when the union was there. In fact, they estimate that on a per capita basis they were able to triple the productivity of the union guys. But to my astonishment, when the union came back, they were all rehired, and they put the smart guys in charge and the untrained guys back in the plant. They did get incremental improvement in productivity from what they learned (by running the plant with their hands rather than with their handbooks), but nevertheless the number of per capita went up by a factor of three and productivity was the same as if the managers ran the plant. Put your best people in the plant I don't know what the message is in all of this, but I think it's an important one. Having quality people in the plant means more than lean manufacturing ever meant. Lean manufacturing means the lack of inventory, the lack of finished goods inventory, the lack of nonproductive assets in the plant and these are all good things. But if you eliminate non- active equipment in the plant and eliminate all sorts of inventory, whether it's work in process, parts for assembly or finished goods, then you better be doing the exact right thing all the time. This is what we know according to Shannon's information theory. Claude Shannon pointed out that information cannot be stored. Information is what you don’t know. We can store data but not information - that is the physics definition, not the casual definition. And since we don't know what will happen, we cannot predict the lean specifications. We do not have the information - all processes contain noise, and lean assumes we have no noise. Tthe "perfect" transmission of messages takes an infinite time. If we are extremely lean, we take forever to make a change – but enuff of theory, the message is that skinny people die first. Where did Lean come from anyway? There is some emotional suspicion that the Japanese pushed lean manufacturing in order to snooker us into doing it, which would obviate the need for change. Most of us wish the days of yesteryear were here. If we made a rigorous example, such as Japan for many years in the nineteenth century, no progress is made. They are comfortable, insulated and isolated but they eventually die. Like the Panda that can eat only bamboo shoots it's a very difficult to survive when the bamboo shoots have a bad year. If not lean, then what? Technology, in my opinion, is the only way to create wealth. Lean manufacturing is a way NOT to spend wealth. It is not a way to create it. Let me illustrate - I often tell the story that I do not like the Chevrolet as a car. It is perfectly fine, it's high quality -- it's just my personal esthetic taste. These things sell for, let's say, less than $30,000. They believe I would like the Chevvy at $25,000. The other story I like to tell is that a car's components (such as on a small car) are $500 in steel content, $750 in software and silicon content, $1000 for litigation reserve and $1500 worth of benefits for labor, about $3750 total. In other words, this is not the reason that GM can't sell their cars. This is not the reason that GM doesn't make any profit. It's GM's legacy excuse. So anorectic leanness is not a good thing because when an anorexic person gets sick they have trouble - they have no reserves to draw on. There are no protein, muscular, health or strength reserves. Manufacturing and productivity are a very small percentage of today's enterprise. Rumor has it that the iPod manufacturing cost in China is $20, leaving $380 for postage and IT for Apple Corp. And what's wrong with that? I just finished a conversation with some angels on the West Coast. They have not seen a manufacturing start-up in years. They see 300 or so deals a year and seldom see one. We see 2000 business plans a year and seldom see one. The capital market knows what the problems are – and it's not manufacturing issues, but business issues. The business issue is - how do we create wealth. And we know that the way to create wealth is with technology. Moving it around helps individuals, like Wall Street, but seldom, if ever, does it help the corporation. Mergers and acquisitions are historically failures on a statistical basis; even acquisitions like AOL. We must be extremely careful about leanness. Of course it is difficult to be an Olympic contender with excess material on your body. But the Olympic contender can only do one thing well -- run fast!!! My bottom line Lean manufacturing limits choices, eliminates change and INCREASES time to market. Yes, it does reduce costs, but since the total manufacturing costs are 5% or so of the business concerns, a 20% reduction in mfg. costs is only a 1% reduction in total costs!! Microsoft has no plants - the innovations (not the companies) are purchased from the outside. Microsoft is in effect a trading and product company. Harvesting technology is important. The inability of a modern corporation to accept failure and to make changes with the understanding that there is risk entailed is a major fault. We used to have five-year planning and it's gone away. Now we have five month planning! What does all this mean? Any technology takes a year and a half and a million dollars to fail. The failure rate, I guess, for internal is a factor of two. All you need to succeed is to make sure you finance two engineering or technology thrusts. You will statistically win with one of them, which makes your company a viable organization once more. Growth and profit are the proteins of the business. Richard E. Morley (Morley@Barn.org) ), the Chairman of NCMS, holds some 20 patents, including that of the programmable logic controller (PLC), and has founded 27 companies, including Modicon/Groupe Schneider. In 2000 he was awarded the Prometheus Award, and he has been profiled in Fortune magazine as a Manufacturing Hero. His books include The Technology Machine, with Patricia E. Moody (The Free Press, Simon & Schuster), and Out of the Barn. &&& AND NOW A WORD FROM OUR SPONSOR…. The Big Squeeze, Ten Ways to Cut Your Company’s Expenses Right Now! www.LeanTransformation.com: You say you want to blow the doors off those Cost Accountants – you want your name imprinted on the CEO’s forehead, and not because there’s a bounty out on your hide. Yes, that’s it, you want to stun them with your cost saving brilliance, you want to win a ticket to the executive washroom. Well, get started bunky. Take a look at these stellar, career saving moves from the blog that will win friends and influence people- Overhead Take a good careful look at how products are costed in the overhead area. When volumes increase, overhead should not proportionately increase, because really, volumes are independent of traditional cost accounting overhead protocol. Payment terms Payment terms can get you 2 – 4% savings if you can give the supplier better cash flow. If he knows you are going to pay his invoice, preferably electronically, in less than 30 days without prompting, that saves him a lot of paperwork, hours of crossmatching of invoices to shipping documents, et., and that’s labor costs. So many customers are extending their payment terms that suppliers are happy to encourage quicker receivables by offering discounts. From Quentin Samelson at Motorola: Conduct an inspection tour of the stockroom, receiving dock, etc. One of the things that experienced operations people do is a walkthrough, looking for: * Stacks of FedEx (or other airfreight) labels. If many are found in the stockroom, airfreight is probably being used inappropriately – too much. This can be an easy way to cut operating costs quickly. &&& TAKE WHAT’S IMPORTANT TO YOU If the Dragon Lady had her way, this was going to be a short assignment. The Blitzer Brother’s third-generation family moneymachine, Lightolier, of Jersey City New Jersey, was getting bombarded by out-of-the blue fusillades of single-hit order quantities four and five times the “average” volumes – stock-outs, rush orders, and general distribution chaos were the order of the day.. So we flew down to NY – no one suggested the motels on the Jersey side booked a rental car, and a room on the Upper East side at the Barbizon For Women in the sixties. Ah, Manhattan – sophisticated, expensive, busy, shop-worn. Ah, Jersey City…. Whatever. The introductions were thorough. Romey and I – Romey Everdell was my boss, a New Yorker at heart who was thrilled to also be booked into the Barbizon for Women, because the last time he visited this fine hotel, he had to drop his date in the lobby. We met Ralph, the beleaguered production control manager; the brilliant Blitzer brother who “designed things” and raced a Etchells sailboat; the elder Blitzer Brother who belonged to the NY Zoological Society and seemed to be a numbers guy; the hardsome and well-toned President, the distribution center supervisor, and an assortment of characters whose means of surviving cubicle life were endearing and memorable. There was Hans, the man with the Austrian accent and a number tattooed on his wrist who came in late and left early – Hans was well into his eighties, courtly, impeccably attired, and dangerous – one would expect holocaust survivors to be saintly and pure. That may have been true with Hans, but I learned after our brief introduction to keep a chair or four feet or airspace between me and Hans’ wandering hands! But that afternoon the best introduction of all was saved for last – the Dragon Lady. This Asian beauty had a real name which I have since blocked, but her 2 inch stillettos – her working shoes! – and flame red nails made a strong impression, like musk in a crowded subway car. She was the president’s tennis partner – and she’d worked in this company, in this office, in this particular spot, surrounded by all the data one could ever consume, for years. She knew she held limitless, unfettered power – information is indeed power – at the tips of her lacquered fingertips, and she intended to use it. Well, the ways of statistical methods are many and deep. In other words, that stock-out situation that sends your warehouses into a tizzy might just be good news for corporate profits – think it might indicate increased demand from usually quiet markets? There was, as Romey frequently reminded us, only one path to Truth, his mentor Dorian Shainen’s dictum “Let the data lead you”. He advised a couple weeks of data digging and analysis. I suggested a statistically derived large order screen that would capture and specially deliver those humungous orders that clogged and crippled Lightolier’s frail distribution system. Feed the machine But it would take data, piles and pounds of good historical data, numbers as pure as the customer’s clearest dream – what they really asked for, not what the company’s limited production system or warehouse could ship. And we needed three years of detail – three years being the minimum required to run a good statistical test. Naturally, the keeper of this most precious information commodity, the Dragon Lady, hesitated. She was not eager to let those historical records out of her sight, but with management invention – in consulting you learn quickly how to escalate - we were able to effect a negotiated settlement in which she selected “the right records”, which where in effect checked out to a nearby work desk where I could peruse them for hours, within clear sight of her eagle eyes. It was heaven, all the numbers, and all the time one could hope to bill, in one happy location, the seventh floor of an early 19th century brick factory building The numbers told a story, and soon some intriguing patterns emerged indicating which lighting products exhibited unusual volume. I crunched columns of numbers from piles of printouts until my fingers ached. I simulated a Large Order Screen at two sigma, and ran the data to see which hits should naturally pop out – the results must have been acceptable, because the next step was to test a screen on other product lines. The commute from Manhattan’s Barbizon for Women was going well, and the morning ride through Central Park over to the tunnel was a joy. Soon my cubicle neighbors had settled into quiet acceptance of the consultant from Boston. I crunched away, and by the end of the first week, I had developed and successfully tested a Large Order Screen that promised to make sense of what the company’s distribution supervisor incorrectly labeled a Poisson distribution. The second Monday of our engagement, at 11 am a horrendous shrieking - the fire alarm – froze my finger mid-punch. We ran to the windows – seven floors down the fire trucks were just rounding the corner – this was not a drill, it was a real emergency. And there was a critical choice to make – would it be the ancient freight elevator that rose next to the paint shop – an altogether unattractive option that reeked of solvents, or the wooden staircase marked “Exit”, seven flights from the street? I hesitated – my neighbor fling her purse over her shoulder as she spun out of her chair. “Take what’s important to you,” she advised. I stalled – what bad timing! But the other employees knew better. Hans quick-stepped to the staircase, a testament to his holocaust survival instincts. Even the managers chose to run – they’d rather scamper down a smoking staircase than risk being stranded in the freight elevator. I understood. But still I paused – frozen by unacceptable choices – just what was important to me, what could I carry to safety down those seven flights, what could I not leave to the sprinklers and whatever other terrors ensued? Would it be the calculator and data sheets, and print-outs that I had captured from the Dragon Lady, or my Bottega Veneta cordovan leather briefcase, or my new Celine handbag? Calculated survival What would you take? How fast can you run down seven flights? Well, there’s a lot to be said for good numbers, and good legs as well. When you’re in Jersey City on the top floor of what I nicknamed The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory, the choices get clear real fast. Take the calculator and the printouts and the stairs – you’ll never get another shot at the true demand data. Run for the nearest exit and live to crunch another day. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Patricia E. Moody Newsletter, January 2006 Copyright Patricia E. Moody CMC 2005 Contents: From the Editor – Take It, Take The Money! Millenium Pharmaceuticals’ Savings Solution What’s the first place to look for savings? Bob McIntuff on How to Get Through Tough Times PowerPartners’ Consortium Deal Saves 30% Want to Save on Fuel Costs? Here’s how Tyco does it…. Harley-Davidson’s 20% Savings ------------------------- Take It, Take The Money! There’s money out there, 10, 20, even 30% savings on all the cash your business spends to ship product, buy materials, hire and develop human assets, even the fuel it takes to heat and cool the plant. There’s money everywhere, but until now, most companies focused on a very narrow slice of production opportunity. And many have reached a plateau where, despite enthusiastic teams and visionary champions, they have not been able to sustain the gains. But good lean execution extends to any area of the extended enterprise, from product development, all the way out to the shipping dock and beyond – trucks, drivers, distribution centers, even DC order processing. Lean execution is not just a manufacturing problem any more – supply management, logistics, transportation and packaging pros as well are competing to hit the mother lode first! It’s a startling and long-awaited change. Eight years ago when I wrote The Kaizen Blitz with Doc Hall and Tony Laraia, we showcased 21 pioneers, including Pratt & Whitney, Pfizer, Jacobs Manufacturing, and Hamilton Standard, that had achieved Incredible savings just by focusing on a few key production processes. We started with clear opportunity areas such set-up time reduction – bingo, 70 – 90% cost savings, followed by inventory reduction for 30 –70%, productivity and cycle time improvement, 20 – 60%, and finally, walking distance reduction for 40 – 90% cuts – We learned that sneaker wear in operators’ shoes was an indicator of bad material flows! We didn’t understand all the challenges our kaizen teams would lead us to, but when Jim Womack covered our 21 pioneers in his million-seller Lean Thinking, we knew we were headed in the right direction. Lean is not the entire answer, the only answer Lean is intended to remove all wastes, but most companies have by now tapped into initial savings from the shop floor. But what about the other areas in the extended enterprise that your lean teams cannot reach? These areas are the last spots of resistance, stubborn holdouts that make it hard to sustain the gains. Are there savings to be captured here as well? Yes, but only if your company is willing to consider more innovative approaches beyond kaizen events, supplier development at the first tier, and culture change. The Next Generation of Lean Let's look at a range of approaches to bigger and longer-lasting lean gains. Each of these case examples captured 10% savings - some more, and they represent low-hanging fruit that builds momentum for more challenging projects to come later. There are three steps to successful Lean Execution. First, it's important to pick your targets well; second, capture the savings, and VTC (Verify, Track and Control). VTC is a methodology that verifies captured savings, and continues to maintain visibility to those savings by adjusting budgets to sustain the cost reductions. If VTC is not applied to Lean savings initiatives, savings tend to evaporate. Let the data lead you. Dorian Shainen, Shewhart Award winner Consolidate to leverage the spend Motorola cell phones illustrate another example of savings in unexplored areas. The life cycle of every new communications device parallels Moore’s law – new generations of cell phones appear every six months or sooner. But supply managers know that what engineers put inside that newest, sexiest model doesn’t have to be all new components. Take batteries for instance. Design engineers may love variety, or they may have access to endless on-line catalogs, but it’s really procurement that pays the bills, and it should be procurement that consults as a trusted advisor when this kind of potentially expensive decision-making takes place. The late Gene Richter, CPO during IBM’s mid-nineties turnaround, had a dream - to have a “buyer at every engineer’s elbow.” Essentially his hope was that a good ERP system would successfully integrate all the procurement cost, manufacturing and design issues in a single planning tool to enable decision-makers to see the impact their sourcing and design decisions had on total product cost. He knew that if everyone could see the same cost numbers, their decisions would most of the time allow buyers to leverage a bigger, consolidated spend. Gene’s dream was not unrealistic, but he was ahead of his time. It took some 15 years to reach the kind of software integration capability that makes it easier to eliminate waste by leveraging the spend. Until your operation finds it own magic wand, you too will have to rely on labor-intensive searches for the numbers that tell the story. The right info – the gold – may reside in accounts payables invoices, or in purchasing order files, but wherever money is spent, you’re sure to find waste, the number one enemy of lean execution. Millenium Pharmaceuticals’ Savings If your buying operations are decentralized, procurement will find it more challenging – but not impossible – to consolidate the spend with fewer, cost effective suppliers. One of the barriers to extending lean production gains to the second and third tier of the supply base is getting control of a complex web of suppliers and partners. Here’s how Millenium Pharmaceuticals of Cambridge, Massachusetts is tackling lean savings opportunities in unexpected areas. . Ken Morsch, Sr. Director of Strategic Sourcing at Millennium, cites two very successful projects. The first addresses how the anti-cancer drug producer brings experts together to share data and research findings. “Every year,” says Morsch, “Millennium runs hundreds and hundreds of meetings all over the world. We might schedule meetings on clinical studies in locations where people are most likely to come – Orlando in February for instance, or Boston in October.” Meeting planners pick the location, set up the venue, meals and lodging. Millenium also schedules dozens of sales meetings all over the country to help educate doctors on new drugs. These conferences might accommodate groups of a half dozen to fifty at regional and national levels. “Inevitably,” says Morsch, “there would be a glitch – a meeting at Boca Raton, for instance, would have to be cancelled, and we would be looking at a huge cancellation fee. There was no synergy in the company.” The solution? A central sourcing group that monitors all openings and closings across the company. Morsch’s commodity managers run the sourcing side and negotiate with the venues, after which a meeting planning group steps in. Morsch estimates that by centrally sourcing meetings, his group will save several million dollars per year. Better yet, says Morsch, Millenium’s smart new buying approach puts them more in control of the marketplace. “Instead of having 500 buys at the market price on the day we wanted, by consolidating we can go to the provider – Starwood, Marriott, Hyatt. We never had that leverage before. We have always had airline partners, but we did not have venue partners. Now, on our reservation system, we have a centralized booking request system that captures meeting requests. Central planning now has everything they need to get us better terms and rates!” Once Morsch saw the potential in Millenium’s innovative savings scheme, he took it one step further, and cleaned up the “meeting mess in Cambridge.” “This sounds really simple,” he said, “but we had people going over to the hotel at MIT for meetings. That’s very dumb, and very expensive. So we have blocked out some internal conference space, and we’ve taken over the reservations and bookings in our central group to keep groups on site.” Ca-ching! All in all, Morsch estimates his innovative spend management projects saved the company $1M in three months. But wait! There’s more…. Project number two offers us a glimpse into a better way to manage the lifeblood of Millenium’s 22d century operations information, huge amounts of genetic and oncologic data in endless detail. The second savings project, required, according to Morsch, a philosophy change by users and IT, about what types of data needed to be available on what basis, and for whom. “Biotech/pharmaceutical companies have vast storage requirements from activities like genomic research, or molecular modeling. Storage and access to every bit of detail is expensive and unecessary. The project team divided availability into tiers 1, 2, and 3, based on the immediacy of need. By reducing the amount of information available to tier 1, the most critical and most immediate data, huge savings were realized – about 80%. A genomic company generates vast amounts of data. Millenium had saved every bit of this data for its entire twelveyear history. “We kept everything live and instantly accessible by anybody, at any time,” he recalls. “That created huge amounts of machinery and people requirements. So then we started really looking at who was accessing this data, and we discovered that there were whole storehouses that nobody had looked at in years! “Just by categorizing the data, and seeing how much we really needed at a given moment - obviously only active projects are hitting data hard - now with archival material we can still go ahead, - there is only a slight delay, it’s not instant or live. So we need fewer servers, there are fewer backup requirements because we are not backing up vast amounts of information all the time, just what the user has touched. There is no reason to do back-up if we have the current back-up copy. Everything about this project reduces our IT needs”. The Information Technology department is the benefactor of the change that cut the number of servers, the kinds of servers, and the frequency and duration of backup. Millenium proved that not everyone needs access to all the information all the time. Morsch urges other companies to think this through. “I believe 100 year- old companies with thirty-year old systems will find the same dilemma. I would expect that there would be more of an impact on companies of a similar life cycle as ours. But eventually everybody has to get to this – you can’t afford not to.” Every project contributes to Millenium’s Strategic Sourcing aggressive $18M savings goal for 2005. Morsch sums it all up this way. “We have 200 projects that we do in a year, but they don’t all achieve 10% savings. We have established multiple categories – in my department we have the meetings and IT projects, but there are also clinical and R & D projects. They are all looking for savings – we take any size, although we don’t record anything below $10,000. But everything we get we put on our Benefits Tracking system.” Lean execution is in the details. We created a blog to gather savings ideas. The result, an avalanche of innovative suggestions, took three weeks to dig through. When it was all sorted and cleared, there were dozens of cost-effective ideas from unexpected areas – transportation, logistics, packaging, healthcare, communications, fuel, even office equipment. I categorized and gathered them all into my new book The Big Squeeze. One lesson that emerged from the dozens of savings ideas we received was that when lean projects plateau in one area, it’s time to move on to more fruitful territory. Most likely that means getting other functions involved – procurement, shipping, even HR, but as companies like HarleyDavidson, Motorola, and Millenium Pharmaceuticals know, it’s the only way. Patricia E. Moody CMC, www.patriciaemoody.com, is a non-traditional consultant and writer. Her clients include Fortune 200 leaders such as British Petroleum, Waste Management, Motorola, Respironics, and Johnson and Johnson. She writes business books that help companies increase profits; Fortune magazine recognized her as one of “Ten Women Pioneers in Manufacturing.” ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------What’s the first place to look for savings? As both a procurement professional and a manufacturing person, I'd look first in my MRO area. I've always said that MRO (office supplies, janitorial supplies, industrial and safety supplies, etc) is like the red headed freakled step child of procurement. It's there out of necessity, but no one pays much attention to it. And that is the place with phenomenal payback with the least amount of effort. Just figuring out what you buy and stopping the back-door buying can save you a bundle. If you are a small to medium-sized company, you should consider a consortium. You can start your own or hire an existing consortium to do it for you. By pooling your spend with other members of the consortium, you can qualify for the big discounts that large companies receive because of their size. It's called harvesting the low hanging fruit. Barb Shepard, C.P.M. ISM Affiliate Support Council Chief Operations Officer Global Group Purchasing, LLC bshepard@globalgrouppurchasing.org www.globalgrouppurchasing.org ----------------------------------------------Getting Through Tough Times… An unusual message about getting through it – tough times, plateaus, unplanned transitions…. from Bob McInturff, of McInturff and Associates, a search firm based in Natick, Massachusetts Bob McInturff is an old friend from my Data General Days. Actually, we were in a race to see which one of us would escape first, and he beat me by a week. His family's firm, McInturff and Associates, sent me to Rath & Strong, and he left to build the practice. He now happily runs a search and temp firm specializing in manufacturing and supply management/logistics personnel. He has seen hundreds of personal transitions played out among his clients. Not to oversimplify and boil all of these experiences down to a single formula, nevertheless, Bob wrote a longish piece (http://www.mcinturff.com/economy/econ_home.html) about the post911 economy and getting through a recession. The best part of this piece, the part that makes it timeless, is what Bob says in his last four paragraphs are the steps he himself uses to get through every day. Bob’s newsletter covers employment, the economy, how to do a job search, etc., but I wanted to extract the last three paragraphs from one of his messages about "getting through it". For many of us, a setback or even a big transition, is paralyzing. Personally, I like to go to sleep. Some of us like to drink. Whatever. Here's Bob's advice on "getting through it": Clearly, we're not looking at wonderful, uplifting news these days. If you're currently not working, the stagnant job situation can make it hard for you to be motivated to go out and find work. That happens to me too. The passing of Labor Day is my yearly signal to get back to work. I admit that I am not a good casual worker, so I have to "formalize" to gear up for the day. I dust off the good shoes, put on a nice pair of freshly pressed pants, a starched shirt and a tie. Thus arrayed, I can drive to the office ready to do business. When I reach the office, I take time to project my goals for a short time frame so I have a good idea of what I can achieve. I find the contacts I need to reach, then I force myself to make most of my calls first thing in the morning, because I do my best work then. I accept rejection knowing it's part of the job and I consider my day a success if I keep making the calls until I've reached my goal for that day. The end result I look for? I get a new job to fill because I put in the time, effort and attitude. That's what works for me, but we all motivate ourselves in different ways. Find out what works for you and sooner or later you'll be rewarded for your effort. Reprinted with permission from McInturff and Associates “Perspectives.” 30% Savings from Consortium Buying! When Power Partners, an Athens, Georgia transformer manufacturer, a spin-off of European giant Asea Brown Boveri, took a look at their office supplies spend, it gave them a headache, a big headache. So they turned to Global Group Purchasing,(www.globalgrouppurchasing.org) a Columbus, Ohiobased purchasing group, for help. GGP arranges consolidated, lower cost deals on office supplies and furniture, construction equipment, industrial and janitorial supplies, tools, and MRO items. Sarita Jihad, Power Partners' veteran buyer, was happy to sign on with GGP because not only did GGP relieve her headaches, but they came through with solid 20% discounts right away. She started with office suppliers; next will be MRO supplies. The joining fee is $2500; to date Jihad estimates $22,000 of annual savings. "We had 5 suppliers before - one local and the rest all over. We did all the paperwork - we would call in and create a blanket order." Now, says Jihad, "I just go right on line with my order, get confirmation, and the item shows up next day. We get a monthly report on total spending and savings. We're cutting out paperwork, as well as cutting out unauthorized users. There are no freight charges at all, no minimum order quantities, and I can even order a single unit. I am glad we are doing it now.” Next up for headache relief is MRO. Current buy for the group is 10,000 sku’s from 200 suppliers, which will drop in three months to 5 suppliers. Preliminary review of Power Partners’ parts list of some 10,000 sku’s also promises minimum 20% savings. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Want to save on fuel costs? Take a lead from these energy users! Three airlines recently reported profitable 3d quarter results - can you guess which ones? You got it - Southwest, JetBlue, son of Southwest, and Alaska Air! Something about their earnings reports rang a bill - fuel hedges! Fuel hedges are the ultimate purchasing protection. They are contracts that lock in fuel prices, usually well below market prices. And they saved Southwest $295M in one quarter, despite the fact the this carrier paid 40% more for this basic commodity than same time one year ago. Savings from Tyco We had a blog entry come in from Tyco that talked about saving on fuel buys, specifically natural gas. We printed it in The Big Squeeze. Here it is: There are simple opportunities in the utilities spend at every facility. Electricity, fuel, etc. provide fairly easy opportunities to bring more cash to your companies bottom line. We are beginning a project of replacing our old lighting system with a new highly efficient lighting system that will have a ROI of less than 2 years on an investment of $100,000. We're also exploring our natural gas options and how we're buying it now. If you buy direct from your local utility you always pay the "spot buy" or current market price. There are organizations out there that offer services to look ahead and forward buy on this commodity and lock into a more favorable price. Depending on market conditions a company can save thousands of dollars on this as well. Organizations that practice "spot buying" in areas like this are playing catch up with their savvy competitors. Utilities is a commodity that every MRO Buyer should take a look at for cost saving opportunities. Michael Gruis, C.P.M., A.P.P. MRO Buyer Tyco Safety Products Marinette Operations --------------------------------------------------------------------------Harley-Davidson Achieves 20% Savings By Paying the Sub-tier Directly Harley-Davidson likes to innovate, and in their supply base, they've managed to come up with a few really great savings twists. One of them takes a good look at sub-processes and sub-sub processes, deeper into the Bill of Material. Plus they've figured out how to cut paperwork, and at $35 - $50 per transaction, it all starts to add up. Here it is: From Brian.Hietpas@harley-davidson.com Product Category Manager – Material Cost I am the category manager of material cost at Harley-Davidson. My department monitors material costs including metal markets, currencies, other raw materials and their impact on commercial cost reductions with suppliers. Harley has design engineers and purchasing engineers that design and agree on up front pricing with our suppliers. Once parts are in production, my group works with the supply base, ops purchasing, value engineering, and design engineering to continue to pull cost out of current parts. From a raw material standpoint, with recent steel and aluminum price escalations, the metal market analyst that works for me, has seen an ever increasing work load evaluating cost increases that our suppliers are coming to us with; he looks at what metals are doing to their margins and evaluates if price relief is warranted. We have a lot of good initiatives on-going 1. On-site, supplier residents. We have suppliers that work at Harley, with Harley contractor badges that allow them to work up front with design engineers to make sure the design fits the suppliers’ processes. About 20 suppliers are supported by “on-sites residents” for instance, the harness supplier is on site, full–time. We have 4 Delphi engineers that supply ECM’s, instrumentation, and throttle bodies. ...engineers, not sales people, that become involved at the product development center from day 1 ...to save cost by designing components that fit their manufacturing processes and use the latest technology. Another example would be a casting supplier resident that is on sight helping us design the geometry of castings to enable better mold tooling development. 2. Pay the sub-tier – Harley has many supply chains, such as for chrome parts, and stampings houses. For the stamping house, for example, we buy chromed and unchromed stampings. With chrome stampings, the tier 1 supplier is the chrome house. When we buy a chromed stamping, we pay for the part but we actually buy two parts, we buy the chrome and the stamped portion. That way we aren’t paying material markup for the stamping as it goes through the chrome house, so we have undone tiering relative to payments. In effect, we make two payments - one to the tier one supplier – the chrome house - and one to the tier two supplier the stamping house. When we get the finished product – it is received under one part number, the final part number – then both suppliers get paid. How does this save money? Let’s say the stamping is $10, and chroming is twenty additional dollars, if we were to just buy the part, all done from final supplier, that supplier would buy the $10 stamping part, bring it in as raw material, and they would put the raw material markup on it, approximately 20%, or $2. The $2 would be added to the $10, plus all their processing, $20 value add. “In the old days” the total would be $32, but now its $30.00 We’re dealing with a little more paper, but it’s well worth it. 3. In the development process, we have implemented a very stringent cost breakdown requirement of our suppliers. They are all required to break down our purchase price to a very minute level, in some cases suppliers don’t have the level that we ask for, but we feel that our purchasing engineers have to understand the cost drivers of all of the components they buy to make sure that the high cost drivers are being evaluated and hopefully reduced by design changes or process improvements. 4. Sequencing of parts from the supplier. – Here’s an example. We are building 150 Dyna motorcycles every day, and we sequence the seats so that the assembly line pulls up the cart and the parts are arranged all in sequence, same thing with shocks. We order them by part number, but they come in by our build sequence.. For seats, for instance, we have five different types for a a particular model, but those 5 parts don’t come in boxes by part number that then need to be separated and sorted on the line, the supplier sends them in according to our build schedule. The box goes directly to the line and the operator has what they need in order. There is no in-house staging, which is extra inventory, extra handling, extra packaging, extra cost! 5. Returnable packaging Excerpted from The Big Squeeze, copyright 2005, Oaklea Press, with permission. page 163 Everybody wants to save money . But sometimes the usual methods won't get you that 10, 20,30% savings that your company needs. We went to the experts - purchasing pros all over the world, and we asked them to submit their savings ideas. We were avalanched with solid savings ideas - it took us three weeks to dig out! We sorted and collated, then published the best ones in the book <I>The Big Squeeze, Ten Ways to Cut Your Spend 10% Right Now! </I> But the ideas kept on coming, from companies such as Harley-Davidson, Dell, Motorola, Delphi, Ford, Honda. And we signed got ideas from the leaders in manufacturing and supply management – Theresa Metty, Brad Holcomb, Dave Nelson, and others – as well as new people whom we’d like to hear more from. . We've got savings ideas from MRO, and packaging, logistics, trucking, travel, even that most precious commodity - fuel! And they are still coming in, so we've decided to share the best ideas the ones that any company can quickly and easily capitalize on - in a monthly <I>Big Squeeze Newsletter</I>. Starting now.... There's gold in them thar' packages, and gloves and uniforms..... Transportation and logistics, with rising fuel prices and more driver regulations for the trucking industry, make it even more important for shippers and receivers to pay attention to packaging and distribution, including truck routes. HP and Home Depot are money-saving pioneers - click on their savings successes! We decided to update our readers with monthly newsletters containing the best of the best savings ideas. Who says smaller businesses can’t find big savings? When companies want to create a competitive advantage by purchasing components and services better and cheaper than anyone else, they need to look beyond the obvious, the usual solutions touted by consultants and the media. Take gloves, for instance. That’s right gloves, the disposable, necessary type found in welding and other shop operations. Think gloves are unglamorous? Think again. How does <b>one half million dollars</b> in savings, just from rethinking what types and quantities of gloves, sound? Here’s the deal. John Deere’s fifteen North American plants purchased in one twelve-month period over 424 different skus of gloves totaling $1.4 million.. Supply Management suspected Deere buyers of investing in too much variety, but they had no idea how deeply this simple item was impacting Deere’s costs. It took a student intern working several months over the summer to dig the data that made it all clear. It seems that she discovered by speaking with a Deere supplier that a welding glove they sold to a competitor for $1.50 was cleaned after being used for welding and sent out to the line for other uses – two applications for the $1.50 purchase price. But Deere’s cheapest price for an all-leather, one time-use glove was $7.50. Planners immediately recognized that this $7.50 custom solution was overkill that represented money thrown into the trash at the end of every shift. But it meant they had to switch, and the estimate was that instead of 424 different sku’s, Deere production <b>could easily work with only 25 varieties. The immediate savings were an astonishing 35% of the total $1.4 million glove spend, about a half a million dollars, for one simple category! </b> Variety costs more money than plain vanilla. Motorola discovered this same phenomenon in its cell phone batteries. Design engineers may love variety, or they may have access to endless on-line catalogs, but it’s really procurement that pays the bills, and it should be procurement that consults as a trusted advisor, when this kind of expensive decision-making exercises take place. The late Gene Richter, CPO during IBM’s mid-nineties turnaround, had a dream, and it was to have a “buyer at every engineer’s elbow.” Essentially his hope was that a good ERP system would successfully integrate all the cost and design issues in a single planning tool that would enable decision-makers to see the impact their sourcing and design decisions had on total product cost. Gene’s dream was not unrealistic – it did take some 15 years to reach the kind of software integration capability that makes it easier to do the work. Until your operation finds its own magic wand, you’ll too have to rely on going after the numbers, data digging and bare bones review. The information may reside in your suppliers’ accounts payable invoices, or you may find it in purchasing order files, but it’s there. But that’s not all! There was another benefit to the student intern’s data-digging, and that was a newfound belief in procurement’s ability to deliver incredible savings in a short time, with no internal pain, no layoffs, and no squeezing of suppliers. Not bad for a start, huh? Now that we’ve shared the classic John Deere half million-dollar glove story, here’s a new one from a VP of Strategic Sourcing in Texas, Ellen Lasser, CMC Recycling, Dallas, Texas, a division of Commercial Metals Company. This savings idea is worth 20% on their spend. “The savings are where you least expect it…” We are in metals – collection, processing, sales, recycling. CMC is a Fortune 500 company with 11,000 workers worldwide. We buy scrap metals from manufacturers, demolition companies, and individuals. We separate and process the metal, sometimes by baling it or shredding it. For instance, we buy car bodies that have all the parts removed and shred the bodies into little tiny pieces. The shred is put into rail cars to be sold to the mills. CMC has 4 mini steel mills. CMC has an incredible history and a great financial picture. Our founder Moses Feldman was a poor immigrant. One day Moses was walking dejectedly down the street – he had no job and was frustrated with the lack of work. He was so upset he kicked a tin can on the sidewalk, and then stopped…. and looked at it again…, – “ I bet I could get some money for that can…” he thought. That was back in 1915, nearly one hundred years ago. Since then the company has grown and gone public – our stock has been amazing. This is a great place to work – CMC is known to be one of the most ethical companies in our business. For three years in a row we have won the Dallas Business Ethics Award. The steel mills are in a separate division, and we also have fab shops that take steel from mills and fabricate rebar, the steel rods used in highway construction, also joist, the steel part of a roof. Our business is doing well in this good economy that creates a lot of construction. We’re also exporting to China – there is growth in China in recycling. “Take a look at the little things” My experience is that the savings are where you least expect it. You might think, “We’re going to combine all our spend, and buy all our forklifts from one place, and get big savings.” The truth is you aren’t gong to get huge savings, they are already cut to the bone, but take a look at the little areas – advertising in the Yellow Pages, for instance. Here we found got enormous savings, but not so much in our heavy equipment. Blades! Here’s another savings area - big mobile shears that chop up metals so it can be baled. These shears use blades, and we realized if we combine all blades, go out for bid and chose one vendor, there are tremendous savings. To me anything over 20% is big savings. . It used to be we could that kind of savings on office suppliers, but that’s not true any more. Uniforms! Thousands of uniforms! So those are some of the things that generate savings. Here’s one that we did that’s a lot of fun, and it’s still going on – uniforms. The whole company has 11,000 workers, with 8000 in the US alone, and many of them wear uniforms. But what we found out was not only were we using every company that made uniforms for each location, but we also found a huge array of uniforms. Some people had the very least expensive, some locations had everybody in different colors, and some people had very fancy uniforms. So the first thing we did was put a team together to create a ……uniform policy! We ended up with one vendor and five basic uniforms – the 65/35 polyester shirt and pants, a 100% cotton shirt and pants, and 100% cotton shirt and jeans, plus new items such as two versions of ARC flash uniforms required to meet OSHA standards. Standardization saves cash Where before we were looking at over 100 different kinds of uniforms, after we standardized on 5 basics, we’re at 20 % savings. Uniforms are a big spend item for us as well as many other companies. These items cannot be washed at home in a regular machine, so we were so proud that we found a way to cut 20% off of a basic operating cost. It was very exciting for us to take the spend and leverage it, and then achieve standardization.