Anthropology 330
The History and Historiography of Anthropology
M/W/F 9-10
Room: 209A Davenport Hall
Instructor: Matti Bunzl
Office: 386B Davenport Hall
Tel.: 265-4068
e-mail: bunzl@uiuc.edu
Office Hours: M 1-3 and by appointment
Course Description:
This course will provide a selective overview of the history and historiography of anthropology
in the 19th and 20th centuries. The class will move chronologically and topically, paying
particular attention to the social, institutional, and historical contexts of paradigmatic shifts, the
interconnections between various national traditions, and the negotiations of the discipline’s
boundaries. Within this framework, we will be especially concerned with the historicization of
American anthropology, comparing its conceptual organization to other national traditions and
exploring the unique perspectives it engenders. Students will be encouraged to pursue their
individual interest in the history and theory of anthropology.
The Readings for the Course are available as Electronic Reserves, through the Webpage of
the University Library (http://gateway.library.uiuc.edu/).
Grade Components:
- Class Attendance and Participation (20%)
- Reading Notes (20%)
- Class Presentation (20%)
- Term Paper (40%)
1
Short reading notes on the assigned texts will be due at the beginning of each class. The reading
notes are meant to help you prepare for class by allowing you to reflect on the texts under
discussion. Reading notes (which should not exceed one page) are graded as +, , or - .
Course Outline
The texts listed under the rubric “Reading” are required.
The texts listed under the rubric “Further Readings” are optional and meant as a resource for additional
study and research in the history of anthropology.
Week 1
The History of Anthropology
21 January
Introduction -- Overview of the Class
23 January
The History and Historiography of Anthropology
Reading: George Stocking, “Paradigmatic Traditions in the History of Anthropology.” In
George Stocking, The Ethnographer’s Magic and Other Essays in the History
of Anthropology (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992):342-361.[1]
George Stocking, “On the Limits of ‘Presentism’ and ‘Historicism’ in the
Historiography of the Behavioral Sciences.” In George Stokcking, Race,
Culture and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1968):1-12. [2]
Further Readings: George Stocking, “The History of Anthropology: Where, Whence, Whither.” Journal of the History of
the Behavioral Sciences 2:281-290.
George Stocking, “History of Anthropology: Whence/Whither.” In George Stocking, ed. Observers
Observed: Essays on Ethnographic Fieldwork -- History of Anthropology, vol. 1 (Madison:
University of Wisconsin Press, 1983):3-12.
George Stocking, “Delimiting Anthropology: Historical Reflections on the Boundaries of a Boundless
Discipline.” In Stocking, Delimiting Anthropology: Occasional Inquiries and Reflections
Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2001):303-329.
George Stocking, “The Shaping of National Anthropologies: A View from the Center.” In Stocking,
Delimiting Anthropology:281-302.
Regna Darnell, “History of Anthropology in Historical Perspective.” Annual Review of Anthropology
6:399-417.
Irving Hallowell, “The History of Anthropology as an Anthropological Problem.” Journal of the
History of the Behavioral Sciences 1:24-38.
Adam Kuper, “Anthropologists and the History of Anthropology.” Critique of Anthropology 11:125142.
Ian Jarvie, “Recent Work in the History of Anthropology and Its Historiographic Problems.”
Philosophy of the Social Sciences 19:345-374.
Week 2
Foundations I: The German Tradition
2
26 January
Culture vs. Civilization
Reading: Norbert Elias, The Civilizing Process (Oxford: Blackwell, 1994):3-9. [3]
Alfred Kroeber & Clyde Kluckhohn, “Introduction” & “General History of the
Word Culture.” In Kroeber & Kluckhohn, Culture: A Critical Review of
Concepts and Definitions (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1952): 3-5 &
9-38. [4]
Further Readings: Raymond Williams, Culture & Society: 1780-1950 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1958).
Adam Kuper, Cuture: The Anthropologist’s Account (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999).
Susan Hegeman, Patterns for America: Modernism and the Concept of Culture (Princeton: Princeton
University Press, 1999).
Michael Eliott, The Culture Concept: Writing and Difference in the Age of Realism (Minneapolis:
University of Minnesota Press, 2002).
Marc Manganaro, Culture, 1922: The Emergence of a Concept (Princeton: Princeton University Press,
2002).
George Stocking, “Rousseau Redux, Or Historical Reflections on the Ambivalence of Anthropology to
the Idea of Progress.” In Stocking, Delimiting Anthropology: 263-280.
28 January
Johann Gottfried Herder and the Counter-Enlightenment
Reading: Johann Gottfried Herder’s Yet Another Philosophy of History for the Education of
Humanity (New York, 1968):181-223. [5]
Isaiah Berlin, “The Counter-Enlightenment.” In Isaiah Berlin, Against the Current
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1981):1-24. [6]
Further Readings: Johann Gottfried Herder, Outlines of a Philosophy of the History of Man (London, 1800).
Johann Gottfried Herder, Essay on the Origin of Language (New York: F. Ungar, 1967).
Isaiah Berlin, “Vico and Herder (London: The Hogarth Press, 1976).
Gerald Broce, “Herder and Ethnography.” Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 22:150170.
Hans Adler, “Johann Gottfried Herder’s Concept of Humanity.” Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture
23:55-74.
R.T. Clark, Herder: His Life and Thought (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1955).
Katherine Faull, ed. Anthropology and the German Enlightenment: Perspectives on Humanity
(Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press, 1995).
Justin Stagl, A History of Curiosity:The Theory of Travel 1550-1800 (Basel: Harwood Academic
Publishers, 1994).
Uli Linke, “Folklore, Anthropology and the Government of Social Life.” Comparative Studies in
Society and History 32(1):117-148.
30 January
The Volksgeist Tradition as Method and Ethic
Reading: Wilhelm von Humboldt’s On Language: The Diversity of Human LanguageStructure and its Influence on the Mental Development of Mankind
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988):11-53. [7]
Matti Bunzl, “Franz Boas and the Humboldtian Tradition: From Volksgeist and
Nationalcharakter to an Anthropological Concept of Culture.” In George
Stocking, ed. Volksgeist as Method and Ethic: Essays on Boasian Ethnography
and the German Anthropological Tradition -- History of Anthropology, vol. 8
(Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1996):17-78. [8]
Further Readings: Wilhelm von Humboldt, Essays on Language (New York: Peter Lang, 1997).
John Zammito, Kant, Herder, and the Birth of Anthropology (Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
2002).
3
Suzanne Marchand, Down from Olympus: Archaeology and Philhellenism in Germany, 1750-1970
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996).
Regina Bendix, In Search of Authenticity: The Formation of Folklore Studies (Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press, 1997).
Woodruff Smith, Politics and the Sciences of Culture in Germany, 1840-1920 (New York: Oxford
University Press, 1991).
Thomas Strack, “Philosophical Anthropology on the Eve of Biological Determinism: Immanuel Kant
and Georg Forster on the Moral Qualities and Biological Characteristics of the Human Race.”
Central European History 29:285-308.
4
Week 3
Foundations II: The French and British Traditions
2 February
German Anthropology as 19th-Century Practice
Reading: Theodor Waitz, Anthropology of Primitive Peoples (London: Longman, Green,
Longman, and Roberts, 1863):10-19; 284-328; 380-389. [9]
Matti Bunzl, “Völkerpsychologie and German-Jewish Emancipation.” In Glenn
Penny & Matti Bunzl, eds. Worldly Provincialism: German Anthropology in
the Age of Empire (Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press, 2003):47-85.[10]
Further Readings: Friedrich Ratzel, The History of Mankind (New York: MacMillan, 1900).
H. Glenn Penny, Objects of Culture: Ethnology and Ethnographic Museums in Imperial Germany
(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002).
Andrew Zimmerman, Anthropology and Antihumaism in Imperial Germany (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 2001).
Klaus-Peter Koepping, Adolf Bastian and the Psychic Unity of Mankind (Brisbane, 1985).
James Whitman, “From Philology to Anthropology in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Germany.” George
Stocking, ed. Functionalism Historicized: Essays on British Social Anthropology -- History of
Anthropology, vol. 2 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984):214-230.
Robert Proctor, “From Anthropologie to Rassenkunde in the German Anthropological Tradition.” In
George Stocking, ed. Bones, Bodies, Behavior: Essays on Biological Anthropology -- History of
Anthropology, vol. 5 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988):138-179.
Ivan Kalmar, “The Völkerpsychologie of Lazarus and Steinthal and the Modern Concept of Culture.”
Journal of the History of Ideas 48:671-690.
Benoit Massin, “From Virchow to Fischer: Physical Anthropology and ‘Modern Race Theories’ in
Wilhelmine Germany.” In Stocking, ed. Volksgeist as Method and Ethic:79-154.
4 February
The Philosophes as Anthropologists
Reading: Antione-Nicolas de Condorcet, Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of
the Human Mind (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1955):3-40; 173202.[11]
Keith Baker, Condorcet: From Natural Philosophy to Social Mathematics
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1975), ch. 6. [12]
Further Readings: M.J. Condorcet, Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind (London, 1955).
M.J. Condorcet, Selected Writings (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1976).
Henri Saint-Simon, Selected Writings on Science, Industry, and Social Organization (London: Crrom
Helm, 1975).
Auguste Comte, Auguste Comte and Positivism: The Essential Writings (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1983).
Auguste Comte, The Foundation of Sociology (London: Nelson, 1976).
Michelle Buchanan, “Savages, Noble and Otherwise, and the French Englightenment.” Studies in 18thCentury Culture 15:97-109.
Elizabeth Williams, The Physical and the Moral: Anthropology, Physiology, and Philosophical
Medicine in France, 1750-1850 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994).
Wolf Lepenies, “The Transformations of Auguste Comte.” In Wolf Lepenies, Between Literature and
Science: The Rise of Sociology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988):19-46.
George Stocking, “French Anthropology in 1800.” In George Stocking, Race, Culture, and
Evolution:13-41.
George Stocking, “What’s in a Name? The Société d’Ethnographie and the Historiography of
‘Anthropology’ in France.” In Stocking, Delimiting Anthropology: 207-217.
Elizabeth Williams, “Anthropological Institutions in Nineteenth-Century France.” Isis 76:331-348.
5
Anthony Pagden, “The Effacement of Difference: Colonialism and the Origins of Nationalism in
Diderot and Herder.” In Gayan Prakash, ed. After Colonialism: Imperial Histories and
Postcolonial Displacements (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995):129-152.
Carolos Jacques, “From Savages and Barbarians to Primitives: Africa, Social Typologies and History in
18th Century French Philosophy.” History & Theory 36:190-215.
Benjamin Kilbourne, “Anthropological Thought in the Wake of the French Revolution: La Societé des
Observateurs de l’homme.” European Journal of Sociology 23:73-91.
Robert Wolker, “Saint-Simon and the Passage from Political to Social Science.” In Anthony Pagden,
ed. Ideas in Context: The Languages of Political Theory in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1987):325-338.
Keith Baker, Condorcet: From Natural Philosophy to Social Mathematics (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1975).
6
6 February
The Scottish Enlightenment and the Anthropological Tradition
Reading: James Mill, The History of British India (Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1975):225-250. [13]
J.W. Burrow, Evolution and Society: A Study in Victorian Social Theory
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1966), chs. 1 & 2. [14]
Further Readings: James Mill, History of British India (London, 1858).
John Stuart Mill, A System of Logic (New York, 1850).
John Stuart Mill, Auguste Comte and Positivism (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1961).
George Stocking, “Scotland as the Model of Mankind: Lord Kames’ Philosophical View of
Civilization.” In Stocking, Delimiting Anthropology: 78-102..
James Littlejohn, “The Scottish Enlightenment: Progenitor of Social Anthropology?” Edinburgh
Anthropology 1:6-19.
W.C. Lehman, Henry Home, Lord Kames, and the Scottish Enlightenment: A Study in National
Character and the History of Ideas (The Hague, 1971).
David Leary, “The Fate and Influence of John Stuart Mill’s Proposed Science of Ethnology.” Journal of
the History of Ideas 43:153-162.
Wolf Lepenies, “Facts and the Culture of Feelings: John Stuart Mill.” In Wolf Lepenies, Between
Literature and Science: The Rise of Sociology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988):93111.
Sergio Moravio, “The Enlightenment and the Sciences of Man.” History of Science 18:247-268.
James Boon, “Comparative De-enlightenment: Paradox and Limits in the History of Ethnology.”
Daedalus 1980:73-91.
Iris Mueller, John Stuart Mill and French Thought (Urbana: University of Illnois Press, 1956).
Week 4
Evolutionary Anthropology
9 February
Toward Evolutionary Anthropology
Reading: George Stocking, Victorian Anthropology (New York: The Free Press, 1987), chs.
4 & 5. [15]
Further Readings: Henry Maine, Ancient Law: Its Connections with Early History of Society, and its Relation to Modern
Ideas (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1986).
Henry T. Buckle, The History of Civilization in England, vols. 1 & 2 (London, 1861).
Charles Darwin, On the Origins of Species (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1966).
Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex (Princeton: Princeton University
Press, 1981).
Herbert Spencer, The Study of Sociology (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1961).
John Lubbock, The Origin of Civilization and the Primitive Condition of Man (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1978).
George Stocking, “The Dark-Skinned Savage: The Image of Primitive Man in Evolutionary
Anthropology.” In Stocking, Race, Culture, and Evolution:110-132.
George Stocking, “Some Problems in the Understanding of Nineteenth Century Cultural Evolutionism.”
In Regna Darnell, ed. Readings in the History of Anthropology (New York: Harper & Row,
1974):407-425.
George Stocking, “Reading the Palimpsest of Inquiry: Notes and Queries and the History of British
Social Anthropology.” In Stocking, Delimiting Anthropology: 164-206.
Peter Powler, “Evolutionism in the Enlightenment.” History of Science 12:159-183.
Peter Powler, “The Changing Meaning of ‘Evolution.” Journal of the History of Ideas 36:95-114.
Peter Bowler, Evolution: The History of an Idea (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984).
Robert Alun Jones, “Robertson Smith and James Frazer on Religion: Two Traditions in British Social
Anthropology.” In Stocking, ed. Functionalism Historicized:31-58.
7
Adam Kuper, “On Human Nature: Dawwin and the Anthropologists.” In M Teich et al. eds. Nature and
Society in Historical Context (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997):274-290.
Stephen Sanderson, Social Evolutionism: A Critical History (Cambridege: Basil Blackwell, 1990).
Douglas Lorimer, “Theoretical Racism in Late Victorian Anthropology, 1870-1900.” Victorian Studies
31:405-430.
Ronald Rainger, “Race, Politics, and Science: The Anthropological Society of London in the 1860s.”
Victorian Studies 22:51-70.
John Greene, Science, Ideology, and World View: Essys in the Histoy of Evolutionary Ideas (Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1981).
Peter Pels, “Occult Truths: Race, Conjecture, and Theosophy in Victorian Anthropology.” In Richard
Handler, ed., Excluded Ancestors, Inventible Traditions: Essays Toward a More Inclusive History
of Anthropology (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2000):11-41.
11 February
Edward B. Tylor and the Psychic Unity of Mankind
Reading: Edward B. Tylor, Primitive Culture (London: Routledge, 1991), chs. 1 & 2. [16]
George Stocking, “Matthew Arnold, E.B. Tylor, and the Uses of Invention.” In
Stocking, Race, Culture, and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1968):69-90. [17]
Further Readings: Edward B. Tylor, Researches into the Easrly History of Mankind and the Development of Civilization
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964).
Edward B. Tylor, “On a Method of Investigating the Development of Institutions, Applied to the Laws
of Marriage and Descent.” Journal of the Anthropological Institute 18:245-272.
John McLennan, Primitive Marriage: An Inquiry into the Origin of the Form of Capture in Marriage
Ceremonies (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970).
James Frazer, The Golden Bough (New York: Penguin Books, 1996).
George Stocking, Victorian Anthropology, chs. 5 & 7.
George Stocking, “Edward Burnett Tylor and the Mission of Primitive Man.” In Stocking, Delimiting
Anthropology: 103-115.
George Stocking, “‘Cultural Darwinism’ and ‘Philosophical Idealism’ in E.B. Tylor.” In Stocking,
Race, Culture, and Evolution:91-109.
George Stocking, After Tylor: British Social Anthropology, 1888-1951 (Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press, 1995), ch. 4.
Joan Leopold, Culture in Comparative and Evolutionary Perspective: E.B. Tylor and the Making of
“Primitive Culture.” (Berlin, 1980).
H.J. Dawson, “E.B. Tylor’s Theory of Survivals and Beblen’s Social Criticism.” Journal of the History
of Ideas 54:489-504.
Robert Ackerman, The Myth and Ritual School: J.G. Frazer and the Cambridge Ritualists (New York:
Garland, 1991).
Robert Fraser, The Making of ‘The Golden Bough’: The Origin and Growth of an Argument (London:
Macmillan, 1990).
13 February
Lewis Henry Morgan and the Evolutionary Study of Kinship
Reading: Lewis Henry Morgan, Ancient Society, or Researches in the Lines of Human
Progress from Savagery through Berbarism to Civilization (Tucson:
University of Arizona Press, 1985), part I ch. 1, part III ch. 1 & 6. [18]
Thomas Trautman, Lewis Henry Morgan and the Invention of Kinship (Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1987), chs. 1 & 8. [19]
Further Readings: Lewis Henry Morgan, Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family (Osterhout, 1970).
Daniel Garrison Brinton, Essays of an Americanist (New York: Johnson Reprint Corp., 1970).
Daniel Garrison Brinton, The American Race: A Linguistic Classification (New York: Johnson Reprint
Corp., 1970).
Elizabeth Tooker, Lewis Henry Morgan on Iroquois Material Culture (Tucson: University of Arizona
Press, 1995).
Elizabeth Tooker, “Lewis H. Morgan and His Contemporaries.” American Anthropologist 94:357-375.
Curtis Hinsley, The Smithsonian and the American Indian: Making a Moral Anthropology in Victorian
America (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1981).
8
Curtis Hinsley, “Ethnographic Charisma and Scientific Routine: Cushing and Fewkes in the American
Southwest, 1879-1893.” In Stocking, ed. Observers Observed:53-69.
Week 5
The Boasian Critique of Evolutionary Anthropology
16 February
From Physics to Ethnology
Reading: George Stocking, “From Physics to Ethnology.” In Stocking, Race, Culture, and
Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1968):133-160. [20]
Julia Liss, “German Culture and German Science in the Bildung of Franz Boas.”
In George Stocking, ed. Volksgeist as Method and Ethic: Essays on Boasian
Ethnography and the German Anthropological Tradition (Madison: University
of Wisconsin Press, 1996):155-184. [21]
Further Readings: Douglas Cole, Franz Boas: The Early Years, 1858-1906 (Seattle: University of Washington Press,
1999).
Douglas Cole, “‘The Value of a Person Lies in His Herzensbildung’: Franz Boas’ Baffin Island LetterDiary, 1883-1884.” In Stocking, ed. Observers Observed:13-52.
Franz Boas, “The Aims of Ethnology.” In Franz Boas, Race, Language & Culture (New York:
Macmillan, 1940):626-638.
Julia Liss, “German Culture and German Science in the Bildung of Franz Boas.” In Stocking, ed.
Volksgeist as Method and Ethic:155-184.
Walter Goldschmidt, ed. The Anthropology of Franz Boas: Essays on the Centennial of His Birth (San
Francisco: American Anthropological Association, 1959).
18 February
Physics and Cosmography
Reading: Franz Boas, “The Study of Geography.” In Franz Boas, Race, Language & Culture
(New York: Macmillan, 1940):639-647. [22]
Franz Boas, “On Alternating Sounds.” In Geroge Stocking, ed. A Franz Boas
Reader: The Shaping of American Anthropology, 1883-1911 (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1974):72-77. [23]
George Stocking, “The Basic Assumptions of Boasian Anthropology.” In Geroge
Stocking, ed. A Franz Boas Reader: The Shaping of American Anthropology,
1883-1911 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974):1-20. [24]
Further Readings: Franz Boas, “The History of Anthropology.” In Stocking, ed. A Franz Boas Reader: The Shaping of
American Anthropology, 1883-1911 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974):23-36.
George Stocking, “Franz Boas and the Culture Concept in Historical Perspective.” In Stocking, Race,
Culture, and Evolution:195-233.
George Stocking, “The Boas Plan for the Study of American Indian Languages.” In Stocking, The
Ethnographer’s Magic:60-91.
George Stocking, “Anthropology as Kulturkampf: Science and Politics in the Career of Franz Boas.” In
Stocking, The Ethnographer’s Magic:92-113.
George Stocking, “Franz Boas as a Psychological Anthropologist.” In Stocking, Delimiting
Anthropology: 49-62.
George Stocking, “Franz Boas and the History of Humanistic Anthropology.” In Stocking, Delimiting
Anthropology: 63-76.
Julia Liss, “Patterns of Strangeness: Franz Boas, Modernism, and the Origins of Anthropology.” In E.
Barkan & R. Bush, eds. Prehistories of the Future: The Primitivist Project and the Culture of
Modernism (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995).
Ira Jacknis, “Franz Boas and Exhibits: On the Limitations of the Museum Method of Anthropology.” In
George Stocking, ed. Objects and Others: Essays on Museums and Material Culture -- History of
Anthropology, vol. 3 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985):75-111.
9
Ira Jacknis, “The Ethnographic Object and the Object of Ethnography in the Easrly Career of Franz
Boas.” In Stocking, ed. Volksgeist as Method and Ethic:185-214.
Judith Berman, “‘The Culture as It Appears to the Indian Himself’: Boas, George Hunt, and the
Methods of Ethnography.” In Stocking, ed. Volksgeist as Method and Ethic:215-256.
20 February
The Struggle against Racism and Evolutionism
Reading: Franz Boas, “Human Faculty as Determined by Race.” In Geroge Stocking, ed. A
Franz Boas Reader: The Shaping of American Anthropology, 1883-1911
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974):221-242. [25]
Franz Boas, “The Limitations of the Comparative Method of Anthropology.” In
Boas, Race, Language & Culture (New York: Macmillan, 1940):270-280. [26]
Julia Liss, “Diasporic Identities: The Science and Politics of Race in the Work of
Franz Boas and W.E.B. Du Bois, 1894-1919.” Cultural Anthropology
13(2):127-166. [27]
Further Readings: Franz Boas, “On Alternating Sounds.” In Stocking, ed. A Franz Boas Reader: 72-77.
Franz Boas, “Anthropology.” In Stocking, ed. A Franz Boas Reader:267-281.
Franz Boas, “Human Faculty as Determined by Race.” In Stocking, ed. A Franz Boas Reader:221-243.
Franz Boas, “The Methods of Ethnology.” In Boas, Race, Language & Culture:281-289.
Franz Boas, Introduction to Handbook of American Indian Languages (Lincoln: University of
Nebraska Press, 1966).
Franz Boas, The Mind of Primitive Man (New York: The Free Press, 1938).
Lee Baker, From Savage to Negro: Anthropology and the Construction of Face, 1896-1954 (Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1998).
George Stocking, “Franz Boas and the Founding of the American Anthropological Association.”
American Anthropologist 62:1-17.
George Stocking, “The Critique of Racial Formalism.” In Stocking, Race, Culture, and Evolution:161195.
George Stocking, “The Turn-of-the-Century Concept of Race.” In Stocking, Delimiting Anthropology,
3-23.
George Stocking, “The Scientific Reaction Against Cultural Anthropology, 1917-1920.” In Stocking,
Race, Culture, and Evolution:270-308.
Richard Handler, “Boasian Anthropology and the Critique of American Culture.” American Quarterly
42(2):252-273.
Gelya Frank, “Jews, Multiculturalism, and Boasian Anthropology.” American Anthropologist 99:731745.
Regna Darnell, And along came Boas: Continuity and Revolution in Americanist Anthropology
(Amsterdam: John Benjamin’s Publishing Company, 1998).
Regnal Darnell, Invisible Genealogies: A History of Americanist Anthropology (Lincoln: University of
Nebraska Press, 2001).
Week 6
The Codification of Boasian Anthropology
23 February
The Superorganic in the Study of Anthropology
Reading: Alfred Kroeber,“Eighteen Professions,”American Anthropologist 17:283-288.[28]
Alfred Kroeber, “The Superorganic,” American Anthropologist 19:163-213. [29]
Further Readings: Alfred Kroeber, Anthropology (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1923).
Robert Lowie, Primitive Society (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1920).
Robert Lowie, Primitive Religion (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1924).
Thomas Buckley, “Kroeber’s Theory of Culture Areas and the Ethnology of Northwestern California.”
Anthropological Quarterly 62:15-26.
10
Thomas Buckley, “‘The Little history of Pitiful Events’: The Epistemological and Moral Contexts of
Kroeber’s Californian Ethnology.” In Stocking, ed. Volksgeist as Method and Ethic:257-297.
Theodora Kroeber, Alfred Kroeber: A Personal Configuration (Berkeley: University of California
Press, 1970).
George Stocking, “Ideas and Institutions in American Anthropology: Thoughts Toward a History of the
Interwar Years.” In Stocking, The Ethnographer’s Magic:114-177.
George Stocking, “Philantropists and Vanishing Cultures: Rockefeller Funding and the End of the
Museum Era in Anglo-American Anthropology.” In Stocking, The Ethnographer’s Magic:178211.
George Eaton Simpson, Melville Herskovits (New York: Columbia University Press, 1973).
25 February
Culture, Genuine and Spurious
Reading: Edward Sapir, “Culture, Genuine and Spurious.” In David Mandelbaum, ed.
Selected Writings in Language, Culture, and Personality (Berkeley: University
of California Press, 1949):308-331. [30]
Richard Handler, “The Dainty and the Hungry Man: Literature and Anthropology
in the Work of Edward Sapir.” In Stocking, ed. Observers Observed: Essays on
Ethnographic Fieldwork (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1993):208232. [31]
Further Readings: Edward Sapir, Language: An Introduction to the Study of Speech (New York: Harcourt, Brace,
Jovanovich, 1921).
Benjamin Lee Whorf, Language, Thought and Reality (Cambridege: The MIT Press, 1956).
Regna Darnell, Edward Sapir: Linguist, Anthropologist, Humanist (Berkeley: University of California
Press, 1990).
Regna Darnell, “Camelot at Yale: The Construction and Dismantling of the Sapirian Synthesis, 19311939.” American Anthropologist 100(2):361-372.
Regna Darnell, “The Fate of the Sapirian Alternative.” In George Stocking, ed. Malinowski, Rivers,
Benedict and Others: Essays on Culture and Personality -- History of Anthropology, vol. 4
(Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1986):156-183.
Richard Handler, “Vigorous Male and Aspiring Female: Poetry, Personality, and Culture in Edward
Sapir and Ruth Benedict.” In Stocking, ed. Malinowski, Rivers, Benedict and Others:127-155.
Richard Handler, “Anti-Romantic Romanticism: Edward Sapir and the Critique of American
Individualism.” Anthropological Quarterly 62:1-14.
27 February
The Patterns of Culture
Reading: Ruth Benedict, Patterns of Culture (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1934),
chs. 1, 2, 3, 7, & 8. [32]
Richard Handler, “Ruth Benedict and the Modernist Sensibility.” In Marc
Manganaro, ed. Modernist Anthropology: From Fieldwork to Text (Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 1990):163-180. [33]
Further Readings: Ruth Benedict, Race: Science and Politics (New York, 1940).
Ruth Benedict, The Chrysanthemum and the Sword: Patterns of Japanese Culture (New York: New
American Library, 1946).
Margaret Mead, ed. An Anthropologist at Work: Writings of Ruth Benedict (Boston, 1959).
Margaret Mead, Coming of Age in Samoa (New York: William Morrow and Company, 1928).
Margaret Mead, Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies (New York: William Morrow and
Company, 1935).
Judith Modell, Ruth Benedict: Patterns of a Life (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press,
1983).
Judith Modell, “‘It is besides a pleasant English word’: Ruth Benedict’s Concept of Patterns.”
Anthropological Quarterly 62:27-40.
Margaret Caffrey, Ruth Benedict: Stranger in this Land (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1989).
George Stocking, “The Ethnographic Sensibility of the 1920s and the Dualism of the Anthropological
Tradition.” In Stocking, The Ethnographer’s Magic:276-341.
11
George Stocking, “The Santa Fe Style in American Anthropology: Regional Interest, Academic
Initiative, and Philanthropic Policy in the First Two Decades of the Laboratory of Anthropology,
Inc.” In Stocking, Delimiting Anthropology: 218-243.
Derek Freeman, Margaret Mead and Samoa: The Making and Unmaking of an Anthropological Myth
(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1983).
Micaela di Leonardo, Exotics at Home: Anthropologists, Others, American Modernity (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1998), esp. chs. 3-5.
Week 7
From French Sociology to British Social Anthropology
1 March
French Classics: Durkheim and Mauss
Reading: Emile Durkheim, The Rules of Sociological Method (New York: The Free Press,
1982), chs. 1 & 2. [34]
Emile Durkheim, Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (New York: The Free
Press, 1965), Introduction. [35]
Marcel Mauss, The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies
(New York: Routledge, 1990), Introduction, chs. 1 & 4. [36]
Further Readings: Emile Durkheim, The Division of Labor in Society (New York: The Free Press, 1984).
Marcel Mauss, A General Theory of Magic (New York: Norton, 1975).
Henri Hubert & Marcel Mauss, Sacrifice: Its Nature and Function (Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1964).
Robert Jones, “Smith, Durkheim and Sacrifice: An Historical Context for the Elementray Forms of the
Religious Life.” Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 17:184-205.
Ivan Strenski, “Durkheim, Hamelin and the French Hegel.” Réflexions Historiques/Historical
Reflections 16:135-170.
Steven Lukes, Emile Durkheim: His Life and Work (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1973).
Donald Bender, “The Development of French Anthropology.” Journal of the History of the Behavioral
Sciences 1(2):139-151.
Mike Gane, ed. The Radical Sociology of Durkheim and Mauss (London: Routledge, 1992).
James Clifford, Person and Myth: Maurice Leenhardt in the Melanesian World (Berkeley: University
of California Press, 1982).
James Clifford, “Fieldwork, Reciprocity and the Making of Ethnographic Texts: The Example of
Maurice Leenhardt.” Man 15:518-532.
12
3 March
Bronislaw Malinowski and the Ethnographer’s Magic
Reading: Bronislaw Malinowski, Argonauts in the Western Pacific (Prospect Heights:
Waveland Press, 1984), Introduction. [37]
Bronislaw Malinowski, “The Functional Theory.” In Bronislaw Malinowski, A
Scientific Theory of Culture and Other Essays (Chapell Hill: The University of
North Carolina Press, 1944):145-176. [38]
George Stocking, “The Ethnographer’s Magic: Fieldwork in British Anthropology
from Tylor to Malinowski.” In Stocking, The Ethnographer’s Magic and Other
Essays in the History of Anthropology (Madison: University of Wisconsin
Press, 1995):12-59. [39]
Further Readings: Bronislaw Malinowski, Crime and Custom in Savage Society (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul,
1926).
Bronislaw Malinowski, Sex and Repression in Savage Society (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul,
1927).
Bronislaw Malinowski, Coral Gardens and their Magic (Bloomington: Indiana University Press,
1965).
Bronislaw Malinowski, A Scientific Theory of Culture and Other Essays (Chapel Hill: University of
North Carolina Press, 1944).
Bronislaw Malinowski, Magic, Science and Religion and Other Essays (Prospect Heights: Waveland
Press, 1948).
Bronislaw Malinowski, A Diary in the Strict Sense of the Term (Stanford: Stanford University Press,
1967).
George Stocking, “Anthropology and the Science of the Irrational: Malinowski’s Encounter with
Freudian Psychoanalysis.” In Stocking, ed. Malinowski, Rivers, Benedict and Others:13-50.
Geroge Stocking, “Maclay, Kubary, Malinowski: Archetypes from the Dreamtime of Anthropology.” In
Stocking, The Ethnographer’s Magic:212-275.
George Stocking, After Tylor: British Social Anthropology, 1888-1951 (Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press, 1995), ch. 6.
Adam Kuper, Anthropology and Anthropologists: The Modern British School (London: Routledge,
1983), esp. ch.1.
Ernest Gellner, Language and Solitude: Wittgenstein, Malinowski and the Habsburg Dilemma
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).
5 March
A.R. Radcliffe-Brown and the Natural Scientific Study of Society
Reading: A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, “On the Concept of Function in Social Science.” In A.R.
Radcliffe-Brown, Structure and Function in Primitive Society (New York: The
Free Press, 1965):178-187. [40]
A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, “On Social Structure.” In A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, Structure
and Function in Primitive Society (New York: The Free Press, 1965):188-204.
[41]
George Stocking, “Radcliffe-Brown and British Social Anthropology.” In
Stocking, ed. Functionalism Historicized: Essays on British Social
Anthropology (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984):131-191. [42]
Further Readings: A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, The Andaman Islanders (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1922).
A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, A Natural Science of Society (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1956).
George Stocking, “Dr. Durkheim and Mr. Brown: ‘Comparative Sociology’ at Cambridge in 1910.” In
George Stocking, ed. Functionalism Historicized: 106-130.
A.R. Radcliffe-Brown & Daryll Forde, eds. African Systems of Kinship and Marriage (Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 1950).
George Stocking, After Tylor: British Social Anthropology, 1888-1951 (Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press, 1995), ch. 7.
David Thomas, “The Production of Ethnographic Observation on the Andaman Islands, 1858-1922.” In
George Stocking, ed. Colonial Situations: Essays on the Contextualization of Ethnographic
13
Knowledge -- History of Anthropology, vol. 7 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991):75108.
Alan Barnard, “Through Radcliffe-Brown’s Spectacles: Reflections on the History of Anthropology.”
History of the Human Sciences 5(4):1-20.
Adam Kuper, Anthropology and Anthropologists: The Modern British School (London: Routledge,
1983), esp. ch.2.
Week 8
American and British Anthropology of the ‘50s and ‘60s
8 March
Values, Cultures, Personalities
Reading: Clyde Kluckhohn, “Education, Values, and Anthropological Relativity.” In Clyde
Kluckhohn, Culture and Behavior (New York: Free Press, 1962):286-300.
[43]
Robert LeVine, “The Internalization of Political Values in Stateless Societies.”
Human Organization 19 (1960):51-58. [44]
Ruth Benedict, “Child Rearing in Certain European Countries.” American Journal
of Orthopsychiatry 19 (1949):342-350. [45]
Virginia Yans-McLaughlin, “Science, Democracy, and Ethics: Mobilizing Culture
and Personality for World War II.” In George Stocking, ed. Malinowski, Rivers,
Benedict and Others: Essays on Culture and Personality (Madison: University
of Wisconsin Press, 1986):184-217. [46]
Further Readings: Clyde Kluckhohn, Mirror for Man: The Relation of Anthropology to Modern Life (New York:
McGraw-Hill, 1949).
Clyde Kluckhohn, Navaho Witchcraft (Cambridge: Peabody Museum, 1944).
Clyde Kluckhohn, The Scientific Study of Values and Contemporary Civilization (Philadelphia:
American Philosophical Society, 1958).
Clyde Kluckhohn, Children of the People: The Navaho Individual and his Development (Cambridge:
Harvard University Press, 1947).
Clyde Kluckhohn & Henry Murray, eds., Personality in Nature, Society, and Culture (New York:
Knopf, 1950). Leslie White, The Concept of Cultural Systems: A Key to Understanding Tribes and
Nations (New York: Columbia University Press, 1975).
Margaret Mead, Growing Up in New Guinea (New York: Penguin, 1930).
Robet Hunt, ed. Personalities and Cultures: Readings in Psychological Anthropology (New York: The
Natural History Press, 1967).
Cora Du Bois, The People of Alor (New York: Harper and Row, 1944).
Robert LeVine, ed., Culture and Personality: Contemporary Readings (New York: Aldine, 1974).
David Jordan & Marc Swartz, eds., Personality and the Cultural Construction of Society (Tuscalosa:
University of Alabama Press, 1990).
George Stocking, “‘Do Good, Young Man’: Sol Tax and the World Mission of Liberal Democratic
Anthropology.” In Richard Handler, ed., Excluded Ancestors, Inventible Traditions: Essays
Toward a More Inclusive History of Anthropology (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
2000):171-264.
10 March
Neo-Evolutionism and the Science of Culture
Reading: Leslie White, The Evolution of Culture: The Development of Civilization to the
Fall of Rome (New York: Farrar & Strauss, 1949), ch. 1. [47]
Julian Steward, “Multilinear Evolution: Evolution and Process.” In Steward,
Theory of Culture Change: The Methodology of Multilinear Evolution (Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 1955):11-29. [48]
Marshall Sahlins & Elman Service. Evolution and Culture (Ann Arbor: University
of Michigan Press, 1960), chs. 1 & 2. [49]
14
Further Readings: Leslie White, The Pueblo of Santa Ana, New Mexico (New York: Kraus, 1969).
Leslie White, The Evolution of Culture: The Development of Civilization to the Fall of Rome (New
York: McGraw-Hill, 1959).
Leslie White, The Concept of Cultural Systems: A Key to Understanding Tribes and Nations (New
York: Columbia University Press, 1975).
Julian Steward, Area Research: Theory and Practice (New York: Social Science Research Council,
1950).
Julian Steward, ed. Contemporary Change in Traditional Societies (Urbana: University of Illinois
Press, 1967).
Julian Steward, Evolution and Ecology: Essays on Social Transformation (Urbana: University of
Illinois Press, 1977).
Marshall Sahlins & Elman Service, eds. Evolution and Culture (Michigan: University of Michigan
Press, 1960).
Marshall Sahlins, Stone Age Economics (New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1972).
15
12 March
Structural Functionalism Beyond the Classics
Reading: E.E. Evans-Pritchard, The Nuer: A Description of the Modes of Livelihood and
Political Institutions of a Nilotic People (New York: Oxford University Press,
1969), Introduction & ch. 3. [50]
Victor Turner, “Betwixt and Between: The Liminal Period in Rites de Passage.”
In Turner, The Forest of Symbols: Aspects of Ndembu Ritual (Ithaca: Cornell
University Press, 1967):93-111. [51]
Victor Turner, “Passages, Margins, and Poverty: Religious Symbols of
Communitas.” In Turner, Dramas, Fields, and Metaphors: Symbolic Action in
Human Society (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1974):231-271. [52]
Further Readings: Meyer Fortes & E.E. Evans-Pritchard, eds. African Political Systems (Oxford: Oxford University Press,
1940).
E.E. Evans-Pritchard, Nuer Religion (New York: Oxford University Press, 1956).
E.E. Evans-Pritchard, Witchcraft, Oracles, and Magic among the Azande (Oxford: Clarendon, 1976).
E.E. Evans-Pritchard, Essays in Social Anthropology (New York: Free Press of Glencoe, 1963).
Raymond Firth, We, the Tikopia: A Sociological Study of Kinship in Primitive Polynesia (Boston,
1963).
Raymond Firth, Elements of Social Organization (London: Watts & Co., 1951).
Raymond Firth, Essays on Social Organization and Values (London: The Athlone Press, 1964).
Edmund Leach, Social Anthropology (New York: Oxford University Press, 1982).
Victor Turner, The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure (Ithaca: Cornell University Press,
1969).
Victor Turner, Dramas, Fields, and Metaphors: Symbolic Action in Human Society (Ithaca: Cornell
University Press, 1974).
Victor Turner, The Anthropology of Performance (New York: PAJ Publications, 1987).
Renato Rosaldo, “From the Door of His Tent: The Fieldworker and the Inquisitor.” In James Clifford &
George Marcus, eds. Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography (Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1986):77-97.
Michael Kenny, “Trickster and Mystic: The Anthropological Persona of E.E. Evans-Pritchard.”
Anthropology and Humanism Quarterly 12(1):9-15.
T. Free, “The Politics and Philosophical Genealogy of Evans-Pritchard’s The Nuer.” Journal of the
Anthropological Society of Oxford 11:19-39.
Adam Kuper, Anthropology and Anthropologists: The Modern British School (London: Routledge,
1983), esp. chs.3 & 6.
Richard Schecher & Willa Appel, eds. By Means of Performance: Intercultural Studies of Theater and
Rituat (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
Week 9
The Structuralist Revolution
15 March
The Linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure
Reading: Ferdinand de Saussure, Course in General Linguistics (La Salle: Open Court,
1986):65-120. [53]
Geoffrey Sampson, Schools of Linguistics (Stanford: Stanford University Press,
1980), ch. 2. [54]
Further Readings: David Holdcroft, Saussure: Signs, System, and Arbitrariness (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1991).
Francoise Gadet, Saussure and Contemporary Culture (London: Hutchinson, 1989).
Jonathan Culler, Ferdinand de Saussure (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1986).
E.F.K. Koerner, Ferdinand de Saussure: Origin and Development of his Linguistic Thought in Western
Studies of Language (Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1973).
E.F.K. Koerner, Saussurian Studies (Geneva: Slatkine, 1988).
17 March
The Anthropology of Claude Lévi-Strauss
16
Reading: Claude Lévi-Strauss, “Structural Analysis in Linguistics and in Anthropology” &
“The Structural Study of Myth.” In Lévi-Strauss, Structural Anthropology
(New York: BasicBooks, 1963):31-54, 206-231. [55]
James Boon, “Lévi-Strauss, Wagner, Romanticism: A Reading-Back...” In George
Stocking, ed. Romantic Motives: Essays on Anthropological Sensibility -History of Anthropology, vol. 6 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
1989):124-168. [56]
Further Readings: Claude Lévi-Strauss, The Elementary Structures of Kinship (Boston: Beacon Press, 1969).
Claude Lévi-Strauss, Totemism (Boston: Beacon Press, 1963).
Claude Lévi-Strauss, The Savage Mind (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1966).
Edmund Leach, Claude Lévi-Strauss (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970).
James Boon, From Symbolism to Structuralism: Lévi-Strauss in a Literary Tradition (New York:
Harper & Row, 1972).
Christopher Johnson, “Anthropology and the Sciences Humaines: The Voice of Lévi-Strauss.” History
of the Human Sciences 10(3):122-133.
Marcel Hénaff, Claude Lévi-Strauss and the Making of Structurla Anthropology (Minneapolis:
University of Minnesota Press, 1998).
Roland Champagne, Claude Lévi-Strauss (Boston: Twayne, 1987).
David Pace, Claude Lévi-Strauss, the Bearer of Ashes (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982).
Howard Gardner, The Quest for Mind: Piaget, Lévi-Strauss, and the Structuralist Movement (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1981).
Simon Clarke, The Foundations of Structuralism: A Critique of Lévi-Strauss and the Structuralist
Movement (Brighton: Harvester Press, 1981).
Allan Jenkins, The Social Theory of Claude Lévi-Strauss (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1974).
C.R. Badcock, Lévi-Strauss: Structuralism and Sociological Theory (New York: Holmes & Meier,
1976).
Eugene Hammel, The Myth of Structural Analysis: Lévi-Strauss and the three Bears (Reading:
Addison-Wesley, 1972).
19 March
Structuralist Articulations
Reading: Pierre Bourdieu, Outline of a Theory of Practice (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1977):1-30; 72-95. [57]
Marshall Sahlins, Islands of History (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985),
Introduction & ch. 5. [58]
Further Readings: Mary Douglas, Natural Symbols: Explorations in Cosmology (London: Routledge, 1996).
Mary Douglas, Implicit Meanings: Essays in Anthropology (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1975).
Pierre Bourdieu, The Logic of Practice (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1990).
Marshall Sahlins, Historical Metaphors and Mythical Realities: Structure in the Early History of the
Sandwich Islands Kingdom (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1995).
James Boon, Other Tribes, Other Scribes: Symbolic Anthropology in the Comparative Study of
Cultures, Histories, Religions, and Texts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982).
Valerio Valeri, Kingship and Sacrifice:Ritual and Society in Ancient Hawaii (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1985).
Week 10
The Geertzian Revolution
29 March
Weberian Echoes in Geertzian Anthropology
Reading: Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (New York: Charles
Scribner’s Sons, 1958):12-31, 154-183. [59]
17
Clifford Geertz, “Religion as a Cultural System.” In Geertz, The Interpretation of
Cultures (New York: BasicBooks, 1973):87-125. [60]
Further Readings: Max Weber, The Theory of Social and Economic Organization (New York: The Free Press, 1947).
Max Weber, The Religion of China (New York: The Free Press, 1951).
Reinhard Bendix, Max Weber: An Intellectual Portrait (Berkeley: University of California Press,
1980).
Randall Collins, Weberian Sociological Theory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986).
31 March
Thick Description and the Interpretation of Cultures
Reading: Clifford Geertz, “Thick Description: Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture,”
“The Impact of the Concept of Culture on the Concept of Man” & “Deep Play:
Notes on the Balinese Cockfight.” In Clifford Geertz, The Interpretation of
Cultures (New York: BasicBooks, 1973):3-30, 33-54, 412-453. [61-63]
Further Readings: Clifford Geertz, Local Knowledge: Further Essays in Interpretive Anthropology (New York:
BasicBooks, 1983).
Richard Handler, “An Interview with Clifford Geertz.” Current Anthropology 12:603-613.
Roy Wagner, The Invention of Culture (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1975).
Paul Shankman, “The Thick and the Thin: On the Interpretive Theoretical Program of Clifford Geertz.”
Current Anthropology 25:261-281.
Paul Rabinow & William Sullivan, eds. Interpretive Social Science (Berkeley: University of California
Press, 1979).
2 April
No Class (Instructor at Conference)
Week 11
Anthropology between Crisis and Reinvention
5 April
Anthropology and the Post-Colonial Moment
Reading: Talal Asad, “Introduction.” In Talal Asad, ed. Anthropology & the Colonial
Encounter (Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press, 1973):9-19. [64]
Ira Bashkow, “The Dynamics of Rapport in a Colonial Situation: David
Schneider’s Fieldwork on the Islands of Yap.” In Stocking, ed. Colonial
Situations: Essays on the Contextualization of Ethnographic Knowledge
(Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991):170-242. [65]
Further Readings: Talal Asad, “From the History of Colonial Anthropology to the Anthropology of Western Hegemony.”
In Stocking, ed. Colonial Situations:314-324.
Nicholas Thomas, Colonialism’s Culture: Anthropology, Travel, Government (Oxford: Polity Press,
1994).
Nicholas Thomas, In Oceania: Visions, Artifacts, Histories (Durham: Duke University Press, 1997).
Mary Louise Pratt, Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation (London: Routledge, 1992).
Micaela di Leonardo, Exotics at Home: Anthropologists, Others, American Modernity (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1998), esp. ch. 1.
Faye Harrison, ed. Decolonizing Anthropology: Moving Further Toward an Anthropology of
Liberation (Washington, 1991).
John Borneman, “American Anthropology as Foreign Policy.” American Anthropologist 97:663-672.
Arturo Escobar, “Anthropology and the Development Encounter: The Making and Marketing of
Development Anthropology.” American Ethnologist 18:58-82.
18
7 April
Reinventing Anthropology
Reading: Dell Hymes, “The Uses of Anthropology: Critical, Political, Personal.” In Dell
Hymes, ed. Reinventing Anthropology (New York: Pantheon Books, 1972):379. [66]
Bob Scholte, “Toward a Reflexive and Critical Anthropology.” In Dell Hymes, ed.
Reinventing Anthropology (New York: Pantheon Books, 1972): 430-457. [67]
Further Readings: Stanley Diamond, “Anthropology in Question.” In Hymes, ed. Reinventing Anthropology:401-429.
Gerald Berreman, “‘Bringing It All Back Home’: Malaise in Anthropology.” In Hymes, ed. Reinventing
Anthropology:83-98.
Kurt Wolff, “This is the Time for Radical Anthropology.” In Hymes, ed. Reinventing Anthropology:99118.
Edwin Ardener, “The New Anthropology and Its Critics.” Man 6:449-467.
George Stocking, “Anthropology in Crisis? A View from Between the Generations.” In E.A. Hoebel, R.
Carrier, and S. Kaiser, eds. Crisis in Anthropology: View from Spring Hill, 1980 (New York:
Garland Publishing, 1982):407-419.
George Marcus & Michael Fischer, Anthropology as Cultural Critique: An Experimental Moment in
the Human Sciences (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986).
Akhil Gupta & James Ferguson, eds. Anthropological Locations: Boundaries and Grounds for a Field
Science (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997).
Micaela di Leonardo, “Gender, Culture and Political Economy: Feminist Anthropology in Historical
Perspective.” In Micaela di Leonardo, ed. Gender at the Crossroads of Knowledge: Feminist
Anthropology in the Postmodern Era (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991):1-48.
Sherry Ortner, “Theory in Anthropology Since the Sixties.” Comparative Studies in Society and
History 26:126-166.
9 April
Presentation of Term Papers
Week 12
New Frontiers: Marxism & Feminism
12 April
Marxist Anthropology in Theory and Practice
Reading: Claude Meillassoux, “From Reproduction to Production: A Marxist Approach to
Economic Anthropology.” Economy and Society 1(1):93-105. [68]
Maurice Godelier, “Anthropology and Economics.” In Maurice Godelier,
Perspectives in Marxist Anthropology (New York: Cambridge University Press,
1977). [69]
Eric Wolf, Europe and the People Without History (Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1982), Introduction. [70]
Further Readings: Stanley Diamond, In Search of the Primitive: A Critique of Civilization (New Brunswick: Transaction
Books, 1974).
Michael Taussig, The Devil and Commodity Fetishism in South America (Chapel Hill: University of
North Carlolina Press, 1980).
Claude Meillassoux, Maidens, Meal, and Money: Capitalism and the Domenstic Community
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981).
Sidney Mintz, Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History (New York: Viking,
1985).
Arjun Appadurai, ed. The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1986).
Daniel Miller, Capitalism: An Ethnographic Approach (London: Berg, 1997).
Donald Donham, History, Power, Ideology: Central Issues in Marxism and Anthropology (Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1999).
Donald Donham, Marxist Modern: An Ethnographic History of the Ethiopian Revolution (Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1999).
19
Maurice Godelier, The Enigma of the Gift (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999).
14 April
The Emergence of Feminist Anthropology
Reading: Sherry Ortner, “Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture?”. In Michelle Rosaldo
& Louise Lamphere, eds. Woman, Culture & Society (Stanford: Stanford
University Press, 1974):67-88. [71]
Gayle Rubin, “The Traffic in Women: Notes on the ‘Political Economy’ of Sex.”
In Rayna Reiter, ed. Toward an Anthropology of Women (New York: Monthly
Review Press, 1975):157-210. [72]
Further Readings: Sherry Ortner & Harriet Whitehead, Sexual Meanings: The Cultural Construction of Gender and
Sexuality (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981).
Jane Collier & Sylvia Yanagisako, eds. Gender and Kinship: Essays Toward a Unified Analysis
(Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1987).
Emily Martin, The Woman in the Body: A Cultural Analysis of Reproduction (Boston: Beacon Press,
1987).
Marilyn Strathern, The Gender of the Gift: Problems with Women and Problems with Society in
Melanesia (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988).
Faye Ginsburg & Anna Tsing, eds. Uncertain Terms: Negotiating Gender in Ameircan Culture
(Boston: Beacon Press, 1990).
Micaela di Leonardo, ed. Gender at the Crossroads of Knowledge: Feminist Anthropology in the
Postmodern Era (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991).
Kath Weston, Families We Choose: Lesbians, Gays, Kinship (New York: Columbia University Press,
1991).
Margery Wolf, A Thrice Told Tale: Feminism, Postmodernism & Ethnographic Responsibility
(Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992).
Ruth Behar & Deborah Gordon, eds. Women Writing Culture (Berkeley: University of California Press,
1995).
Faye Ginsburg & Rayna Rapp, eds. Conceiving the New World Order: The Global Politics of
Reproduction (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995).
Sylvia Yanagisako & Carol Delaney, eds. Naturalizing Power: Essays in Feminist Cultural Analysis
(New York: Routledge, 1995).
Sherry Ortner, Making Gender: The Politics and Erotics of Culture (Boston: Beacon Press, 1996).
16 April
Presentation of Term Papers
Week 13
Toward Writing Culture
19 April
Hermeneutics, Reflexivity, and Dialogism
Reading: Johannes Fabian, “Language, History and Anthropology.” In Johannes Fabian,
Time and the Work of Anthropology: Critical Essays 1971-1991 (Amsterdam:
Harwood Academic Publishers, 1991):3-29. [73]
Paul Rabinow, Reflections on Fieldwork in Morocco (Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1977):1-19, 150-162. [74]
James Clifford, “On Ethnographic Authority.” In James Clifford, The Predicament
of Culture: Twentieth-Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art (Cambridge:
Harvard University Press, 1988):21-54. [75]
Further Readings: Kevin Dwyer, “The Dialogic of Ethnology.” Dialectical Anthropology 4(3):205-224.
20
Kevin Dwyer, Moroccan Dialogues: Anthropology in Question (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University
Press, 1982).
Dennis Tedlock, “The Anthropological Tradition and the Emergence of a Dialogical Anthropology.”
Journal of Anthropological Research 35(4):387-400.
Claude Lévi-Strauss, Tristes Tropiques (New York: Penguin Books, 1973).
Anna Tsing, In the Realm of the Diamond Queen: Marginality in an Out-of-the-way Place (Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 1993).
Ruth Behar, The Vulnerable Observer: Ethnography that Breaks Your Heart (Boston: Beacon Press,
1996).
Lila Abu-Lughod, Veiled Sentiments: Honor and Poetry in a Bedouin Society (Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1986).
Alma Gottlieb and Philip Graham, Parallel Worlds: An Anthropologist and a Writer Encounter Africa
(New York: Crown Publisher, 1993).
21 April
Anthropology and the Work of Representation
Reading: James Clifford, “Introduction: Partial Truths.” In James Clifford & George
Marcus, eds. Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986):1-26. [76]
Paul Rabinow, “Representations are Social Facts.” In James Clifford & George
Marcus, eds. Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986):234-261. [77]
Further Readings: Edward Said, Orientalism (New York: Vintage Books, 1978).
Edward Said, “Representing the Colonized: Anthropology’s Interlocutors.” Critical Inquiry 15:205225.
George Marcus & Dick Cushman, “Ethnographies as Texts.” Annual Review of Anthropology 11:2569.
Johannes Fabian, Time and the Other: How Anthropology Makes Its Object (New York: Columbia
University Press, 1983).
Clifford Geertz, Works and Lives: The Anthropologist as Author (Stanford: Stanford University Press,
1988).
Marianna Torgovnick, Gone Primitive: Savage Intellectuals, Modern Lives (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1990).
P.S. Sangren, “Rhetoric and the Authority of Ethnography: Postmodernism and the Social
Reproduction of Texts.” Current Anthropology 29:405-436.
23 April
Presentation of Term Papers
Week 14
Beyond Culture? The Present & Futures of Anthropology
26 April
No Class (Instructor Out of Town)
28 April
Culture, Critique & Fieldwork at the Turn of the Millenium
Reading: Akhil Gupta & James Ferguson, “Beyond ‘Culture’: Space, Identity, and the
Politics of Difference.” Cultural Anthropology 7(1):1-23. [78]
Akhil Gupta & James Ferguson, “Discipline and Practice: “The Field” as Site,
Method and Location in Anthropology.” In Akhil Gupta & James Ferguson,
eds., Anthropological Locations: Boundaries and Grounds of a Field Science
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997):1-46. [79]
Arjun Appadurai, “Here and Now” & “Disjuncture and Difference in the Global
Cultural Economy.” In Appadurai, Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of
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Globalization (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996):1-26 & 2747. [80]
Further Readings: Renato Rosaldo, Culture & Truth: The Remaking of Social Analysis (Boston: Beacon Press, 1989).
Akhil Gupta & James Ferguson, eds., Culture, Power, Place: Explorations in Critical Anthropology
(Durham: Duke University Press, 1997).
Allison James, Jenny Hockey, and Andrew Dawson, eds., After Writing Culture: Epistemology and
Praxis in Contemporary Anthropology (London: Routledge, 1997).
Nicholas Dirks, ed. In Near Ruins: Cultural Theory at the End of the Century (Minneapolis: University
of Minnesota Press, 1998).
James Clifford, Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century (Cambridge: Harvard
University Press, 1997).
Marily Ivy, Discourses of the Vanishing: Modernity, Phantasm, Japan (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1995).
Karen Fog Olwig & Kirsten Hastrup, eds. Siting Culture: The Shifting Anthropological Object
(London: Routledge, 1997).
Ulf Hannerz, Transnational Connections: Culture, People, Places (London: Routledge, 1996).
Aihwa Ong, Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logics of Transnationalisty (Durham: Duke University
Press, 1999).
James Boon, Verging on Extra-Vagance: Anthropology, History, Religion, Literature, Arts. . . Showbiz
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999).
Sherry Ortner, ed., The Fate of “Culture”: Geertz and Beyond (Berkeley: University of California
Press, 1999).
Michael Burawoy, Global Ethnography: Forces, Connections, and Imaginations in a Postmodern
World (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000).
30 April
Presentation of Term Papers
Week 15
Term Papers
3 May
Presentation of Term Papers
5 May
Presentation of Term Papers
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