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The Scarlet Macaw belongs to which
one of the following orders?
a Passeriformes.
b Psittaciformes.
c Anseriformes.
d Falconiformes.
Which of the following bones are
pneumonised in birds and so should
not be used for fluid therapy?
a humerus
b radius
c ulna
d tibiotarsus
Which one of the following
parameters is the MOST useful for
assessing renal function in birds?
a Urea.
b Creatinine.
c Phosphorus.
d Uric acid.
‘Widowhood housing’ describes
which one of the following
enclosures?
a A three sided enclosure for raptors
during the training season.
b An aviary flight for raptors.
c An enclosure for fresh water
ducks.
d A loft for racing pigeons.
An adult Amazon Parrot overfed on
sunflower seeds and peanuts is
MOST likely to
a develop obesity, atherosclerosis
and hepatic lipidosis
b develop kidney damage and
diarrhoea
c become underweight and develop
atherosclerosis
d develop gout and atherosclerosis.
Giardia infection in cockateils is
associated with which one of the
following deficiencies?
a Hypovitaminosis A
b Hypovitaminosis C
c Hypovitaminosis D
d Hypovitaminosis E
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Which one of the following species
are particularly susceptible to iron
toxicity problems?
a Amazon parrots.
b Falcons.
c Mynah Birds
d Swans.
8
Wild caught avian prey should be
frozen and then defrosted before
being fed to raptors because it may
contain
a Trichomonas gallinae parasites
b lead shot
c chemical poisons
d Giardia sp. parasites.
9
Which one of the following veins
should be used in a Mallard duck for
blood sampling prior to an
anaesthetic?
a Left jugular.
b Medial metatarsal.
c Femoral.
d Saphenous.
10 The MAIN weapon of the Eagle Owl
which a handler should be aware of is
their
a beak
b wings
c feet and claws
d kick.
11 Which one of the following
anaesthetic circuits is NOT advised
for a bird of 1kg?
a Mapleson C circuit
b Ayres T piece circuit
c Lack circuits
d Modified Bain circuits
12 A Budgerigar weighing 40g should be
starved before an anaesthetic for
a 15 - 30 minutes
b 30 - 60 minutes
c 60 - 180 minutes
d 180 - 300 minutes.
See next page
13 The total amount of fluid required to
rehydrate a 500g African Grey Parrot
that is 10% dehydrated (including
maintenance values) over 3 days is
a 125mls
b 200mls
c 250mls
d 300mls.
14 Which one of the following bones is
acceptable for intraosseous fluid
administration in a Northern
Goshawk?
a Femur.
b Ulna.
c Humerus.
d Major metacarpal.
15 Which one of the following routes of
fluid administration is NOT advisable
for a dehydrated pigeon?
a Intravenous.
b Intraosseous.
c Subcutaneous.
d Intraperitoneal.
16 A blood transfusion should be
considered in an avian patient when
the PCV drops below
a 10%
b 15%
c 20%
d 25%.
17 Bumblefoot is a disease thought to be
caused by
a insect bites to the feet
b dietary deficiencies
c persistent pressure on the same
parts of the feet for long periods of
time
d growth deformities.
18 Aspergillosis is due to a
a bacterial infection of the
respiratory system
b parasitic infection of the
respiratory system
c fungal infection of the respiratory
system.
d viral infection of the respiratory
system.
19 Which one of the following
statements about
Psittacosis/Ornithosis is incorrect?
a It is a zoonosis.
b It may be intermittently shed by
the bird
c iI can be treated with doxycycline
d It can be prevented by
vaccination.
20 Zinc poisoning is commonly seen in
parrots under which one of the
following conditions?
a When they are stressed after being
sold.
b 3 - 6 weeks after being placed in a
new cage.
c After being in the same cage for
more than 5 years.
d During the breeding season when
given mineral supplements
21 How many rows of teeth does the
average snake possess in the maxilla?
a 2.
b 4.
c 6.
d 8.
22 How many chambers does the heart
of a Mediterranean tortoise possess?
a 3.
b 4.
c 5.
d 6.
23 The sex of a green iguana is
determined by which one of the
following factors?
a Temperature.
b Chromosomes.
c A mixture of temperature and
chromosomal influences.
d None of the above.
24 The preferred optimum temperature
zone required for a reptile’s bodily
systems to function optimally, is the
temperature range in which it should
a be kept all of the time
b be kept during the active part of
the day
c not be kept
d be kept overnight.
See next page
25 Which one of the following
statements is MOST correct?
a Fats are the most important source
of energy for herbivorous reptiles.
b Carbohydrates are the most
important source of energy for
herbivorous reptiles.
c Fats are the least important source
of energy for carnivorous reptiles.
d Carbohydrates are the most
important source of energy for
carnivorous reptiles.
26 Steatitis (hypovitaminosis E) is
MOST commonly seen in which one
of the following reptiles?
a Land based Chelonia (tortoises).
b Monitor lizards.
c Gila monsters.
d Gharials and fresh water Chelonia
(terrapins).
27 Which one of the following plant
materials is likely to contribute to a
reduced calcium availability for a
Green Iguana?
a Wild herbs such as rocket and
basil.
b Brassicas such as cabbage and
broccoli.
c Spinach and beetroot leaves.
d Watercress and Swiss chard.
28 Which one of the following
species of lizard is poisonous?
a Green iguana.
b Collared lizard
c Beaded lizard
d Savannah monitor lizard.
29 Which one of the following methods
may be used MOST readily to blood
sample a Spur thighed tortoise prior
to anaesthesia ?
a Ventral tail vein venipuncture.
b Jugular vein venipuncture.
c Cardiac puncture.
d Palatine vein venipuncture.
30 Which one of the following
anaesthetic methods should NOT be
used to induce anaesthesia in a Spur
thighed tortoise?
a Intravenous propofol.
b Intramuscular ketamine.
c Intravenous alphaxalone/
alphadalone (Saffan).
d Inhalation halothane
31 Which one of the following is the
MOST accurate description of the
refeeding syndrome seen in anorectic
snakes?
a A rapid uptake of potassium and
phosphorus into the cells from the
bloodstream along with glucose
causing hypokalaemia/
hypophosphataemia and collapse.
b A rapid uptake of calcium and
sodium into the cells from the
bloodstream along with glucose
causing hypocalcaemia/
hyponatraemia and collapse.
c A rapid uptake of potassium and
phosphorus into the bloodstream
from the cells along with glucose
causing hyperkalaemia/
hyperphosphataemia and collapse.
d A rapid uptake of calcium and
sodium into the bloodstream from
the cells along with glucose
causing hypercalcaemia/
hypernatraemia and collapse.
32 The LACK of which one of the
following signs may be an indication
that a Boa Constrictor has entered the
surgical plane of anaesthesia (Stage
3)?
a Righting reflex.
b Bauchstreich reflex.
c Writhing/serpentine movements.
d Response to noxious stimuli.
33 A blood transfusion should be
considered in a reptile when the PCV
falls below
a 5%
b 15%
c 20%
d 25%.
See next page
34 The maintenance value for fluids in
reptiles is
a 15 - 20 mls/kg/day
b 20 - 25 mls/kg/day
c 25 - 30 mls/kg/day
d 30 - 35 mls/kg/day.
35 Which one of the following bones
may be used to administer fluids to a
collapsed adult Green Iguana ?
a Radius
b Ulna
c Femur
d Metatarsal
36 Which one of the following veins
may be accessed for intravenous fluid
administration in the larger Anurans
(frogs and toads)?
a Cephalic.
b Jugular.
c Femoral.
d Ventral abdominal.
38 Which one of the following zoonotic
conditions should owners be
particularly made aware of when
purchasing a reptile?
a Snake mite Ophionyssus natricis
b Chelonian pinworm Oxyuris sp.
c Enteric bacteria Salmonella spp.
d Enteric bacteria Aeromonas spp.
39 The reptile kidneys produce
predominantly
a urea and hypertonic urine
b ammonia and isotonic urine
c uric acid and hypertonic urine
d uric acid and isotonic urine.
40 The condition in amphibia known as
‘redleg’ is caused by which one of the
following organisms?
a Aeromonas spp.
b Salmonella spp.
c Pseudomonas spp.
d E. coli.
37 The term ‘dysecdysis’ refers to the
a normal shedding of skin primarily
in snakes and lizards
b abnormal shedding of skin
primarily in snakes and lizards
c normal shedding of skin in
Chelonia
d abnormal shedding of skin
primarily in Chelonia and
Crocodylia.
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
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LBW/wp/misc/7475paper1.June 2002QP