Comparing Reproduction in Vertebrates
1. Explain why organisms that use external fertilization must reproduce in aquatic environments?
2. What adaptations help insure that fertilization will occur in organisms relying on external fertilization?
3. What problems faced by organisms using external fertilization does internal fertilization solve?
4. What major adaptation allows land animals such as reptiles and birds to use external development on land?
5. Name 3 adaptations to protect the embryos and ensure the survival of at least some embryos in organisms
such as fish and frogs that use external development in water.
6. Name at least 4 adaptations for protection of the embryos in oviparous organisms such as birds.
7. What major advantages do organisms using internal development have?
8. Explain why placental mammals can have a longer period of embryonic development than other vertebrates.
9. Explain how amphibians, birds, and placental mammals each obtain oxygen for the growing embryo.
10. Explain how amphibians, birds, and placental mammals each remove waste products from the growing
embryo.