SUBJECT: SCIENCE CHAPTER FIVE
GRADE LEVEL: 5
Water on Earth
Standards (The important stuff to remember.)
5ES3.O: Water on Earth moves between the oceans and land though the processes of evaporation
and condensation. As a basis for understanding this concept:
5ES3.a: Students know that most of Earth’s water is present as salt water in the oceans, which
cover most of Earth’s surface.
5ES3.b: Students know when liquid water evaporates, it turns into water vapor in air and can
reappear as a liquid when cooled or as a solid if cooled below the freezing point of water.
5ES3.c: Students know water vapor in the air moves from one place to another and can form fog
or clouds, which are tiny droplets of water or ice, and can fall to Earth as rain, hail, sleet or snow.
5ES3.d: Students know that the amount of fresh water located in the rivers, lakes, underground
sources, and glaciers is limited and that its availability can be extended by recycling and
decreasing the use of water.
5ES3.e: Students know the origin of the water used by their local communities.
5ES4.O: Energy from the Sun heats Earth unevenly, causing air movements that result in
changing weather patterns. As a basis for understanding this concept:
5ES4.b: Students know the influence that the ocean has on weather and the role that the water
cycle plays in weather patterns.
5ES6.O: Scientific progress is made by asking meaningful questions and conducting careful
investigations. As a basis or understanding this concept and addressing the content in the other
three strands, students should develop their own questions and preform investigations.
Vocabulary
Sea Level:
.
Salinity :
.
Aquifer :
.
Water Table :
.
Watershed :
.
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SUBJECT: SCIENCE CHAPTER FIVE
GRADE LEVEL: 5
Reservoir :
.
Water Cycle :
.
Evaporation:
.
Condensation :
.
Precipitation :
.
Sleet :
.
Lesson One: How can the oceans be described?
The Hydrosphere (Hydro=
1.
Sphere=
.
• All the water of Earth make up the hydrosphere.
• 97% of the hydrosphere is
.
• The hydrosphere covers
of the Earth’s surface.
-
• The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of all oceans.
• All oceans are
.
•
the level of the ocean’s surface, is different from ocean to
ocean.
2.
Earth’s Oceans
• Ocean water contains many kinds of
.
• People should not drink ocean water; it
.
• The salt in ocean water is from
bad and is bad for the
.
• Rain transports salts and other minerals to the oceans via
.
• The amount of salt in the ocean is described by
3.
.
Ocean Temperatures
• The temperature of ocean water is different from place to place.
• Closeness to the poles and currents cause the difference in ocean temperatures.
4.
Ocean Resources
• The Earth’s ocean provide many products:
.
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,
,
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SUBJECT: SCIENCE CHAPTER FIVE
GRADE LEVEL: 5
Lesson Two: Where is fresh water found?
Fresh Water
1.
• Only 3% of the Earth’s water is
water. (
water)
• This water is used for : Drinking, cooking, cleaning, watering crops, producing electricity,
manufacturing)
• Most fresh water starts as
• Some of it
glaciers.
or
.
into the ground, some collects in rivers or lakes, some is frozen in
• Fresh water is
evenly spread over the world.
• Fresh water is
.
• Fresh water should be used
. (Conserve & Recycle.)
Groundwater
2.
• Rain or melted snow that soaks into the ground is called
.
• Groundwater keeps sinking until it reaches a layer of rock or clay that is can’t pass through.
• The layer of rock and soil that groundwater
.
through is an
• The top level of groundwater in an aquifer is the
.
Rivers
3.
• River, stream and lakes are all called
.
• Rain & melted snow start off running down in small creeks into stream and rivers to the
.
• The area from which water drains is called a
• What happens on the
•
in a watershed can affect places far away.
&
make it into the
.
are picked up by streams-rivers and eventually
.
Lakes
4.
•
are formed when water flows into an area that is surrounded by higher land
or a dam.
•
are artificial lakes created behind a dam.
.
5.
• About
into ice.
of the Earth’s fresh water is frozen
• This fresh water source is hard for people to use.
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SUBJECT: SCIENCE CHAPTER FIVE
GRADE LEVEL: 5
• Greenland and Antarctica have huge ice sheets that cover the land.
• The North Pole has ice sheets that float on the ocean.
Glaciers
6.
• Smaller areas of ice are called
.
• When chunks break off glaciers the form
.
Getting Water to Homes
7.
•
is often used by towns as a fresh water source.
• This water can be contaminated and must be treated before sending it to homes.
• Treating water is not easy or free.
• In some communities this process includes adding
.
Lesson Three: What are some California water sources
1.
Too much or Not Enough
• Most fresh water comes from
or
.
• This is one reason why fresh water in California is very
.
• Meeting California’s fresh water needs is a challenge.
• Sierra Nevada snow pack
2.
drinking water to many Californians.
Transporting Water Throughout California.
• An
needed.
is a system of pipes that carries water from a river or lake to where it is
• The California Aqueduct carries H2O from Sacramento River to areas south.
• Example: H2O which makes up about
3.
% of the human body.
Local Water Sources
• Watershed is the
that water flows across or under on its way to an ocean.
• The way land in a watershed is used affects water
4.
Reclamation
• Water used in homes and businesses can be
• Water can be used again or
5.
.
.
for things other than drinking.
Finding Out About Local Water Sources
• Using water
with the
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can help keep the demand for water in balance
supply.
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SUBJECT: SCIENCE CHAPTER FIVE
GRADE LEVEL: 5
Lesson Four: What is the water cycle?
Water in the Air
1.
• Air always has some
in the air.
• Water vapor makes up only a small fraction of all the gasses in the air.
The Water Cycle
2.
• Water on Earth moves between the oceans and land through the Water Cycle.
• The steps of the water:
.
,
,
• EVAPORATION: The changing of liquid water to water
• The
.
causes this change as it heats up the water.
•
: Air cools and some of the water vapor turns into a liquid.
• Usually these water droplets stay suspended in the air.
•
: The air cools further so the water droplets become big enough to
,
,
OR
fall from clouds as
.
Many Paths of the Water Cycle
3.
• Plants can be part of the H2O Cycle.
• They use water while making food and release water during respiration.
Energy in the Water Cycle
4.
• The
has a major effect on the water cycle.
• It causes melting,
, and sublimation.
• Sublimation is when the solid ice becomes water vapor.
Lesson Five: How do clouds form?
Temperature & Pressure
1.
• Clouds
ICE
when water vapor condenses to form tiny water droplets or
determined by temperature.
•
also affects the forming of clouds.
• Most clouds are formed due to
•
.
can have bases as low as 1,000m above the ground and tops as
high as 12,000m.
2.
Precipitation
• Most rain in the United States starts as snow.
• As the rain falls it often passes through temperatures that are higher than O degrees Celsius.
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SUBJECT: SCIENCE CHAPTER FIVE
GRADE LEVEL: 5
• If the air temp is cold the rain might freeze and fall as frozen rain called
3.
.
Hail Formation
• Hail forms when strong winds blow raindrops back up into a cloud.
• Hailstones fall when they get too heavy for the winds.
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