TERMS OF REFERENCE
FINAL DESIGN AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
FOR SANITARY LANDFILL
[],[]
General:
The Government of [] has identified solid waste disposal as a priority problem and requires assistance in
final design and environmental impact assessment of a new sanitary landfill to address this problem. The
new sanitary landfill facilities to be designed are proposed to be part of the [] Project planned to be
financed in [] for the local government(s) of []. Finance is expected to be provided by the []. Siting
studies, field investigations, preliminary designs and an environmental audit report, have already been
conducted and will be available for use by the consultant. Design guidance to be used in this design
effort are attached in Annex A.
The consultant shall design facilities and specify equipment (including all related civil works and
essential stationary and mobile equipment) for sanitary landfill of municipal solid waste at []. A map
showing the location of the site selected for sanitary landfill is attached to these terms of reference. The
site has been selected from among those screened, studied and recommended by [] in 19 [] under separate
terms of reference. Preliminary design and environmental audit has been conducted by [] in 19[] under
separate terms of reference.
The consultants shall coordinate their efforts and work closely with the efforts of social scientists
engaged under separate terms of reference to conduct local consultations (public participation) and
develop a resettlement action (or compensation) plan for affected parties. The design effort is intended
to be participatory, so that public opposition to the final recommended site and facility design is
minimized. To this end, the consultants are advised to encourage the government to form and convene a
steering committee comprised of local authorities as well as representatives of key non government
organizations and citizens groups. The consultants are expected to fully cooperate with the steering
committee and be available for monthly meetings to discuss progress.
Objectives:
The work involves developing the most cost-effective design concept to address environmental impact
mitigative requirements (as outlined from the environmental analysis report) and developing final
designs, with final design drawings, construction details, cross-sections, final quantities, costs, technical
specifications, tender documents, operating manuals, and health and safety plans. The design shall be
carried out in accordance with government of [] design guidance typically used for large roads, highways,
waterworks, and other public infrastructure facilities, as well as another design criteria outlined as an
annex to these terms of reference.
Annex A of these terms of reference provides general guidance written by [] and published by the World
Bank for the site selection and design of sanitary landfill for developing countries. Taking Annex A into
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR FINAL DESIGN
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR
SANITARY LANDFILL
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consideration, the consultants’ design efforts shall address the following facility requirements within
their engineering analysis and designs:
1. Design the sanitary landfill so that the following needs are addressed:
 Provide drainage and sanitation facilities.
 Provide accommodations for workers to change clothing, wash, eat and rest.
 Provide buffer zones and operational controls to handle noise, odor and dust, as well as to
meet aesthetic needs compatible with the surrounding environs.
 Provide access, internal roads and traffic management systems for safe and efficient flow of
traffic for trucks into and out of, as well as within, the facility.
 Provide for safe and efficient unloading of collection and/or transfer vehicles at the working
face.
 Provide for construction of refuse cells to handle incoming wastes, one day at a time, so that
all landfilled wastes are covered except those from the current day of operation.
 Provide for simple open-air composting of suitable wastes, with composting capacity of up to
25 percent of total incoming solid waste.
 Provide collection, treatment, and discharge systems for all leachate contaminated waters so
as to meet discharge requirements to support the water quality needs of the receiving water
body and any down gradient receiving waters.
 Provide collection, ventilation, and, as needed, flaring systems for all landfill gases to
meeting environmental, health and safety needs of the workers and surrounding residential
community.
 Provide office and record-keeping facilities for site supervisors and support staff, as well as
for training and meetings.
 Provide fencing and gate control facilities, including weighbridges, to secure the site and
adequately manage all solid waste accounting and enable performance monitoring of all
incoming vehicles.
 Provide parking and workshop facilities, as appropriate, for landfill equipment which will
serve the facility.
 Provide washing facilities for the landfill equipment, and collection and transfer vehicles.
 Design the civil and electro-mechanical works so that they will have a minimum life of 25
years and be able to withstand foreseeable seismic and climatic events.
 Design the facilities so that all construction tasks are clearly explained, to-be-built facilities
are drawn with adequate details, and quality control measures are fully identified.
 Develop an operating and maintenance manual to enable site preparation, landfill cell
construction, soil cover, leachate treatment, gas management, record-keeping activities,
closure activities, and environmental monitoring (during landfilling and post-closure) to be
conducted in a safe, efficient, and environmentally sound manner.
 Design the civil and electro-mechanical works so that they will have a minimum life of 25
years and be able to withstand foreseeable seismic and climatic events.
 Design the facilities so that all construction tasks are clearly explained, to-be-built facilities
are drawn with adequate details, and quality control measures are fully identified.
 Conduct environmental analysis and develop mitigation measures to address the findings of
the environmental impact assessment findings, as well as to address the findings of local
consultation efforts being conducted under separate terms of reference.
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AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR
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Develop an operating and maintenance manual site preparation, landfill cell construction,
soil cover, leachate treatment, gas management, record-keeping activities, closure activities,
and environmental monitoring (during landfilling and post-closure) to be conducted in a safe,
efficient, and environmentally sound manner.
Develop a health and safety measures to protect workers, visitors and surrounding residents
during construction, operation, closure, and environmental monitoring activities associated
with implementation of the sanitary landfill.
Scope of Services:
The work involves developing the most cost-effective design concept to address environmental impact
mitigative requirements (as outlined from the environmental analysis report) and developing final
designs, with final design drawings, construction details, cross-sections, final quantities, costs, technical
specifications, tender documents, operating manuals, and health and safety plans.
The scope of services is divided into two parts to be conducted in parallel and in an iterative and
interactive manner, namely: Part 1 -- detailed engineering design services, and Part 2 -- environmental
impact assessment services.
Part 1 -- Detailed Engineering Design Services
Task 1 -- Field Studies. As needed, to supplement field investigations already conducted as part of the
site investigation and confirmation studies, or as part of the environmental review outlined above under
Part 2, for purposes of detailed engineering:
 Conduct surveys and collect samples for analysis, as needed, to confirm the quantity and density of
solid wastes for which the sanitary landfill will be designed.
 Collect solid waste samples and conduct leachate generation tests, as needed, to confirm the quantity
and characteristic of leachate for which the sanitary landfill leachate treatment facilities will be
designed.
 Conduct investigations to locate sources of construction and solid waste cover materials to provide
for at least 10 years of solid waste disposal capacity.
 Conduct topographic survey, if not already done as part of previous field investigations, to provide
for full site mapping to meet the projected needs for at least 10 years of solid waste quantities, with
survey mapping drawn at a 1:500 scale and with 1 meter contour intervals.
 Conduct test holes to assess the soil conditions, determine soil type by sieve screenings and standard
soil classification/characterization tests (i.e., sieve analysis, standard penetration tests, atterberg
limits, cation exchange capacity, and permeability), and assess the seasonal high ground water levels
from mottling, piezometric levels, and other signs of high water table. Dig at least one test hole for
every 2 hectares, unless already done in previous field investigations.
 Conduct geophysical surveys to determine overall stratigraphy of soil and weathered rock layers and
determine the depth to bedrock, conduct at least one ground conductivity survey by electromagnetic
transverse lines across the property every 200 m, if not already done as part of earlier field
investigations. Perform vertical electrical soundings to determine formation resistivities and
thicknesses in greater detail at anomalies identified by the electromagnetic surveys.
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Conduct borings to the uppermost confined aquifer (or to within 30 m of the ground surface) to
assess geologic and hydrogeologic conditions, take peizometric water levels, take groundwater
samples to test for basic parameters of potability, and determine flow directions. Assess whether any
deep aquifers which are used or potentially anticipated to be used for water supply are protected by a
confining layer of impermeable rock or soil. Outline all catchment areas and surface waters on base
maps of 1:500 scale and delineate groundwater contours at 1 meter intervals.
Conduct biological field studies to assess whether there are significant species or habitat at the site
and identify agricultural activities. Delineate any on-site wetlands by soils and plant species.
Gather information from available sources and interviews regarding the socio-economic and cultural
background of the resident population surrounding the site. Work with social scientists engaged
under separate terms of reference to understand the problems, needs, and aspirations of the resident
population.
Conduct traffic studies to determine the baseline use of the roads anticipated for use by refuse
collection trucks in traveling to and from the selected landfill site, and the "as constructed" adequacy
of these roads, bridges and culverts to support the additional size, weight and number of vehicles
anticipated for the landfill.
Determine wind, rainfall, evaporation and other conditions which will affect the movement of
windblown litter, dust, odor, and landfill gases.
Task 2 -- Process Design. Develop the landfill’s detailed process design considering all design
parameters and requirements stipulated by the client and incorporation findings, conclusions and
decisions developed to address significant impacts and concerns identified through the environmental
assessment and public participation studies. Develop the process design for:
 safe and efficient flow of truck traffic in and out of the landfill and during unloading and loading
operations.
 safe and efficient unloading, spreading, grading, compacting, and covering of solid waste into daily
refuse cells.
 erosion control, flood control, and diversion and collection of surface runoff which has not come in
contract with the solid waste.
 collection and treatment of leachate and contaminated surface runoff.
 collection (active systems only if gas utilization is cost-effective), venting, flaring (if required to
mitigate environmental impacts), and (if economic) utilization of landfill gas.
 composting by simple, open air and limited mechanization windrow pile methods, of up to 25 percent
of the incoming solid waste considered most suitable for production of high quality compost, such as
residential, yard/garden, sewage treatment sludge, and market waste.
Provide an operations and maintenance manual for all processing activities.
Task 3 -- Site Development Works Design. Perform engineering and complete design of civil works to
include the following:
 site preparation (such as clearing, draining, filling, grading and consolidation, as needed)
 all-weather access road from the main highway nearest the landfill site to the reception area within
the site (including on-off ramps and interchanges as needed)
 temporary on-site roads from the reception area within the site to the working face
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all-weather parking for the landfill equipment and, as needed depending on space limitations at the
transfer station sites, for some or all of the transfer truck fleet
gate control building (including works to house weighbridge equipment) for incoming trucks and, as
needed, outgoing trucks
support building (including offices for supervisors and support staff, room for training and meetings,
canteen, worker accommodations for washing/changing/resting)
erosion control, flood control, and diversion and drainage system for uncontaminated surface runoff
sanitary system
water supply system
fire protection system
lining the landfill base with appropriate clay material and plastic geomembranes, as needed to protect
underground water resources from contamination (natural attenuation and percolation systems are to
be considered in areas where underground water resources are not potable or usable for irrigation or
livestock)
collection system for leachate and contaminated surface runoff
pre-treatment, transfer, or treatment and discharge system for leachate and contaminated surface
runoff, as appropriate for site conditions
gas collection, including vent/flaring systems and/or gas utilization system
leachate and gas monitoring wells
composting system for only ideally suitable organic wastes by simple open air windrow pile methods
workshop for repair and maintenance of landfill equipment
washing facilities for landfill equipment and collection/transfer trucks.
Develop the landfill designs and drawings so that the source and method of obtaining and stockpiling
daily, intermediate and final soil cover and for constructing cells is clearly shown. Prepare cell
construction sequencing plans. The final sequencing plan for each phase of landfill shall show closure of
that portion of the landfill and the final grade after application at final soil cover.
Evaluate the effects of seismic events on the site and subsurface geotechnical conditions, including
determination of the recommended seismic design acceleration, selection response spectrum appropriate
to the site conditions, and determination of liquefaction potential of subsurface soils. Determine the
appropriate slopes allowable for the solid waste cells to maintain slope stability under predictable seismic
events. Determine the needs for toe berms for stabilization and other mitigative measures to ensure that
the sanitary landfill will maintain structural integrity. Design all new structures to take into account the
earthquake motion in accordance with the most recent AASHTO Standard Specifications for seismic
design criteria.
Review and verify the condition, structural adequacy, suitability, anticipated servicability, and extent of
needed repairs and strengthening for any facilities at the sanitary landfill site and along main
transportation routes to the site, including bridges, culverts, roads, waterworks, etc.
Task 4 -- Electro-Mechanical Works Design. Perform engineering and undertake design of the following
electro-mechanical works, in accordance with the findings and mitigative measures recommended by the
environmental assessment and public participation studies:
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AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR
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electrical power and distribution system
traffic management controls
weighing bridges
communication system
fire alarm/protection system
gas collection and vent, flare, and/or utilization systems
leachate pretreatment, transfer, or treatment equipment (such as aeration and chemical feed
equipment, as appropriate)
Provide an operations and maintenance manual for use of the electro-mechanical works.
Task 5 -- Architectural Design. Design the facilities to be functionally effective, enable economic
operations, and require minimum maintenance.
Task 6 -- Quantity and Cost Estimates. Prepare the bill of quantities for all works and cost estimates of
pay items for each component of the design. All construction quantities and costs shall be estimated to
an accuracy of plus or minus 10 percent. Define the methods of payment per item (lump sum, unit cost)
which would be most appropriate to enable and facilitate cost and quality control. Separately note taxes
which are anticipated for each pay item, such as value added taxes and customs duties.
Task 7 -- Specification for Landfill Equipment. Prepare a list of all equipment required to operate the
landfill, including bulldozers, landfill compactors, front-end loaders, open tippers and rippers, as
appropriate. Include any special equipment needed for the open air windrow pile composting system,
such as conveyor sorting belts, windrow turners, and portable trommel and vibrating screens. Develop
technical specifications for each type and size of landfill equipment unit listed. Be attentive to
standardization of major components with the rest of the local government fleets and coordinate with
local workshop supervisors for technical advice.
Task 8 -- Tender and Contract Documents. In accordance with World Bank guidance and standard
procedures, prepare the following documents for Contracting of Civil and Electro-Mechanical works and
procurement of landfill equipment included within the scope of services, including:
 instructions to tenderers
 complete set of final construction drawings (including sequencing plans for each phase of landfill).
 technical specifications
 bill of quantities
 conditions of contract
 form of contract
 bidding form
Task 9 -- Operations and Maintenance Manual. Prepare a manual to guide all aspects of the sanitary
landfill operation and post closure activities, including waste to be accepted and rejected, weighing,
unloading of wastes, litter control at the working face, cell construction, waste compaction, composting
of suitable waste streams, segregated handling and burial of special wastes (e.g., medical wastes,
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asbestos), fire control, environmental monitoring (e.g., leachate, landfill gas), occupational health and
safety, equipment maintenance and repair, staffing and job description.
Task 10 -- Health and Safety Manual. Prepare a manual to guide all aspects of sanitary landfill
construction, operation, monitoring, and post closure activities, with regard to health and safety,
including measures to deal with hazardous (potentially toxic, ignitable, explosive, gas-producing,
reactive, infectious) wastes, fires, explosions, gas releases, accidents, injuries. Communication, medical
care, emergency response, and evacuation procedures are to be outlined, as well as all other potentially
useful procedures for ensuring the health and safety of all workers, visitors, and surrounding residents at
the site.
Task 11 -- Privatization Agreement to Build and Operate. The construction of the sanitary landfill will
initially involve all fencing, access road, gatehouse, drainage, offices and overall site infrastructure. In
phases, portions of the site will be developed for placement of the solid waste in cells. These phased
portions of the landfill will include associated excavation, base preparation, lining, leachate collection,
and leachate treatment facilities.
The project entitled [] with the [] is expected to wholly or in part finance the initial construction and the
phased portions which are scheduled to be accomplished during the [] year project period. The local
government will finance the operation of the landfill. Prepare a privatization agreement in two parts,
with Part One for construction of the initial and phased portions which are to be financed during the []
project, including procurement of all landfill equipment, and Part Two for operation of the landfill.
A concession to build, own, and operate (BOO) or to build, operate and transfer (BOT) may be
considered. The concessionaire would in part provide investment financing. The client will provide
guidance on which type of privatization agreement, as appropriate if desired, to structure by the end of
third month of consultants work under these terms of reference.
Part 2 -- Environmental Review
Task 1 -- Field Studies. As needed, to supplement field investigations already conducted as part of the
site investigation and confirmation studies, for purposes of environmental impact assessment conduct the
following field investigations:
 Conduct test holes to assess the soil conditions, determine soil type by sieve screenings and standard
soil classification/characterization tests, and assess the seasonal high ground water levels from
mottling, piezometric levels, and other signs of high water table.
 Conduct geophysical surveys. To determine overall stratigraphy of soil and weathered rock layers
and determine the depth to bedrock, conduct ground conductivity survey by electromagnetic
transverse lines across the property. Perform vertical electrical soundings to determine formation
resistivities and thicknesses in greater detail at anomalies identified by the electromagnetic surveys.
 Conduct borings to the uppermost confined aquifer (or to within 30 m of the ground surface) to
assess geologic and hydrogeologic conditions, take peizometric water levels, take groundwater
samples to test for basic parameters of potability, and determine flow directions. Assess whether any
deep aquifers which are used or potentially anticipated to be used for water supply are protected by a
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR FINAL DESIGN
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR
SANITARY LANDFILL
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confining layer of impermeable rock or soil. Outline all catchment areas and surface waters on base
maps of 1:500 scale and delineate groundwater contours at 1 meter intervals.
Conduct biological field studies to assess whether there are significant species or habitat at the site
and identify agricultural activities. Delineate any on-site wetlands by soils and plant species.
Gather information from available sources and interviews regarding the socio-economic and cultural
background of the resident population surrounding the site. Work with social scientists engaged
under separate terms of reference to understand the problems, needs, and aspirations of the resident
population.
Conduct traffic studies to determine the baseline use of the roads anticipated for use by refuse
collection trucks in traveling to and from the selected landfill site, and the "as constructed" adequacy
of these roads, bridges and culverts to support the additional size, weight and number of vehicles
anticipated for the landfill.
Determine wind, rainfall, evaporation and other conditions which will affect the movement of
windblown litter, dust, odor, and landfill gases.
Task 2 -- Environmental Analysis. Assess the environmental issues of the proposed landfill, including
the access road and its use, on the site and surrounding environment. Include assessment of traffic, noise,
dust, odor, leachate, wastewater discharge, and landfill gas impacts on the environment. Include
assessment of the creation of jobs or the payment of a host fee on the economics of the area. Include
aesthetic, historical, and cultural impacts, as appropriate.
The environmental analysis shall be conducted in parallel with the detailed engineering design, in an
iterative and interactive manner so that the design eventually incorporates mitigative measures and
results in the most cost-effective sanitary landfill for local conditions.
The EA will be prepared following the World Bank's Operational Directive 4.01, dated October 3, 1991,
and Operational Directive 4.00, Annex A, dated October 31, 1989, or other related directives of local
government and whatever funding agencies might be involved in project implementation. Government of
[] legislation or/and regulations on the topics of landfilling have not yet been fully prepared. However,
the EA will be prepared with consideration of the general EIA approach from the national ministry
dealing with environmental protection. This TOR shall have been reviewed with this ministry prior to
contact signing.
The study shall cover an area of a radius of 1,000 meters from the boundary of the proposed landfill
location for purposes of aesthetic, terrestrial, and atmospheric pollution issues. The study shall cover the
watershed and aquifer areas from the landfill to any downgradient receiving waters (shallow and deep
groundwaters, as well as fresh and/or saltwater surface waters). Furthermore, the study shall include the
receiving waters of the outfall from the wastewater treatment plant in which leachate shall be treated.
The study area will include the route of direct waste haul and transfer from [] to the landfill (i.e., across
existing or planned roads) as well as the potential impact in neighboring communities, including farms.
The assessment will include, but not be limited to, the following activities:
 Soil and geological survey
 Hydrogeological survey
 Estimation of leachate quantify and quality
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AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR
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Estimation of landfill gas quantify and quality
Traffic assessment
Socio-economic survey
Assessment of the environmental impacts
Development of mitigative measures for inclusion in the final design of the sanitary landfill's
construction and operation
Task 1 -- Description of the Proposed Project. Describe the project, using information from any studies
on siting, site confirmation, preliminary design, and environmental audit conducted earlier. The
description shall include:
1. Infrastructure of service area:
 briefly describe the service area (number of inhabitants, residential areas, land use, including
previous use over the last 20-50 years, industrial areas, transfer stations);
 determine the distance and direct haul routes and transfer routes from various waste centers
to the sanitary landfill, including any new access roads that may need to be built.
2. Surrounding environment of landfill location:
 determine and describe the demographic setting of the landfill location;
 describe the surrounding topography and land use characteristics and proximity to residential
neighborhoods from the proposed landfill, including past land use patterns, whether
agriculture, forestry, in the case of a military site specifically how sit was used over past 50
years and impact of that use;
 determine and describe the overall direction of groundwater flow, drinking water recharge
areas downstream of the location, and receiving waters into which groundwater and leachate
treatment plant discharge;
 meteorological data regarding wind directions, precipitation and net infiltration.
3. Facts about the landfill development:
 layouts, cross-sections, and construction details for the landfill, including all receiving
facilities, landfill cell construction details, leachate and landfill gas collection and
management facilities, mitigative measures, monitoring systems, and final closure plans;
 construction and operation schedules, including scheduling of site preparation, cell
construction, interim road development of each phase of landfill development.
 a description of the responsible parties, including organization structure and staffing for the
landfill development;
 confirmation and consultation program with affected peoples in area;
 operational plans for waste types and quantities which might be allowed to be received;
including special handling requirements for yard wastes, bulky wastes (tires, appliances,
mattresses, etc.), construction/demolition debris, dewatered wastewater treatment plant
sludges, batteries, and selected medical wastes;
 operation plans for handling of waste types and quantities which are not expected to be
allowed to be received; including hazardous industrial wastes, untreated septic tank or
cesspit contents, and surgical wastes;
 health and safety plans;
 final closure procedures; and
 monitoring plans (short- and long-term).
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Task 2 -- Description of the Environment. The environment shall be described through assembly,
evaluation and presentation of baseline data on the following:
1. Physical environment:
 nature of surrounding environment (including homes, farms, forest areas, industry, small
business enterprises and other establishments) and proximity to these;
 description of the existing topography and the proposed and areas which will be affected by
any aesthetic impact;
 traffic conditions along the major haul routes between the waste centers and the proposed
landfill at present and after implementation of the proposed landfill. The existing traffic
conditions must be based on field survey; and proposed traffic patters should be examine as
well;
 determination of the geology of the area through a geological description of borings, soils
samples, and geophysical surveys, as well as review of available literature and existing well
logs on record for the region;
 determination of all groundwater recharge areas and use of groundwater downgradient from
the landfill;
 condition and present and planned use of the receiving water and standards for discharge to
the receiving water;
 determination of meteorological data (net infiltration, temperature variations and prevailing
wind directions).
2. Biological environment:
 survey all major terrestrial flora and fauna on the landfill site;
 collect any information on sensitive habitats in the area and any rare, endangered or
commercially important species;
 identify any nearby protected areas;
 delineate on-site wetlands by soils and plants.
3. Socio-cultural environment:
 identify any populations which may need to be resettled or compensated for losses in order to
enable landfill development, including the use and compensation value of the properties
which they own or inhabit; describe the sensitivity and difficulties of resettlement;
 describe any waste picking communities which may have livelihood disruption from closure
of existing disposal sites due to implementation of the new landfill; describe the needs and
difficulties of developing alternative livelihood;
 describe past and present use of the location and surrounding land and any historical,
religious or cultural significance of the area;
 determine the demographic character of the surrounding neighborhoods and the sensitivity of
the public to the proposed landfill, including perception to increased traffic, noise, dust,
odor, and aesthetic appearance;
 other planned development activities on the location and in the nearby surroundings.
Task 3 -- Legislative and Regulatory Considerations. The national and local legislation and guidelines
on landfilling of waste are to be described and the authorities responsible for monitoring of construction
and the environment are to be noted. Any standards to be met for discharge from leachate treatment
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plants must be included. Outline the steps for obtaining all necessary environmental permits. Discuss
the need for any legislation to be prepared in order to ensure that the proposed environmental standards
will be fulfilled.
Discuss needs for education, inspection and enforcement to comply with existing and proposed
legislation and any other requirements needed to ensure fulfillment of the proposed environment
monitoring at national and local level.
Task 4 -- Determination of Potential Impacts of the Proposed Project. Identify and describe all potential
major environmental impacts from the landfill development which will be significant over the long-term.
Describe as a minimum the environmental consequences from:
 leachate emanating to surroundings through leakage in the proposed liner system; including
estimates of quantity and quality of a potential leachate leakage and the consequences to groundwater
and receiving surface water by using the information obtained under Task 3;
 impact to neighborhoods along direct haul routes from increased traffic (primarily noise, dust, litter,
odor, and vibrations), and including economic development due to improvements in roadways and
trade from refuse haulage personnel;
 estimate impacts to surrounding neighborhoods near the landfill from noise, odor, gaseous emissions,
dust, air-borne pathogenic micro-organisms, and wind blown litter potentially related to landfill
construction and operation;
 creation of direct and secondary jobs related to landfill development;
 closure of the existing open dump disposal site.
Task 5 -- Analysis of Alternatives to the Proposed Project. Describe alternatives that were examined in
the course of screening sites and conducting preliminary design and assessment of the proposed landfill.
Describe alternative designs for construction and operation which were examined, including liner
solutions (no liner, clay liner, synthetic liner and composite liner systems); alternative gas venting,
flaring and utilization systems; operation alternatives (cell development vs. open face development,
optimizing of methanogenisis vs. no special operation techniques); leachate treatment methods (recycling
vs. non-recycling and treatment in an existing municipal waste water treatment plant vs. on-site
treatment); and alternative haul routes. Include the "no action" alternative of the sanitary landfill not
being constructed, but continuing with the existing disposal site as it is currently being operated. Discuss
potential for waste minimization.
Compare the alternatives in terms of potential environmental impact (which are irreversible, unavoidable
and which can be mitigated); capital and operation costs; sustainability under local conditions; and
institutional, training and monitoring requirements. To the extent possible, quantify costs and benefits of
each alternative.
Task 6 -- Development of Management Plan to Mitigate Negative Impacts. Recommended feasible and
cost-effective measures to prevent or reduce significant negative impacts to acceptable levels. Indicate
the impacts and costs of those measures, and of the institutional and training requirements to implement
them. Consider compensation to affected parties for impacts which cannot be mitigated (e.g., re-housing
of residents within a distance of approximately 250 meters from the proximity of the proposed landfill).
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Prepare management plan (including budget estimate, staffing requirements and other necessary support)
to implement the mitigating measures.
Task 7 -- Identification of Institutional Needs to Implement Environmental Assessment
Recommendations. Review the institutional capacity to implement, manage and monitor (in the short
term as well as in the long-term) the proposed sanitary landfill. Recommend, if necessary, institutional
strengthening at all levels.
Task 8 -- Development of Monitoring Plans. Set up a monitoring plan for the proposed landfill. The
monitoring plan shall comprise the following:
 leachate quality and quantity before and after treatment;
 groundwater quality and level upgradient and downgradient from the landfill;
 landfill gas quality on-site and off-site;
 water quality upgradient and downgradient from the discharge point from the leachate treatment
plant;
 compost production and final compost quality;
 construction materials and works (liner quality and integrity, drainage sand and gravel quality, pipes
and joints, concrete quality, etc.)
The monitoring plan shall make every effort to outline monitoring procedures and indicator parameters
which are uncomplicated and inexpensive to conduct and easy to evaluate.
Task 9 -- Assist in Inter-Agency Coordination and Public Participation. Prepare together with the []
ministry involved with environmental protection and local governments a meeting to which all relevant
ministries and departments in [] local government are invited. Coordinate with social scientists which
are hired under separate terms of reference to conduct local consultation and develop resettlement and
compensation action plans. At this public participation meeting, present the project, the environmental
issues related to the project and the responsibility, involvement and commitments of the relevant
ministries and departments.
Prepare also, together with the [] ministry for environmental protection and local governments and
separately hired social scientists, a public hearing to which all affected parties, relevant non government
organizations and citizens groups are invited. In the public hearing, present the project and all
environmental issues related to the project. Keep records of these meetings and address concerns as part
of the mitigative measures in final design activities conducted under Part 1 of the scope of services
within these terms of reference.
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR FINAL DESIGN
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR
SANITARY LANDFILL
12
Reports and Plans:
The consultants shall provide the following deliverables:
 Ten copies of monthly progress reports, describing the progress made on design and environmental
assessment services required, shall be provided. The progress reports shall include the problems
encountered, if any, and major findings and recommendations, as well as the basis for such
recommendations.
 Ten copies of the environmental review report, including data reports for all field sampling and
survey investigations at the selected site.
 Ten copies of the proposed design, including layouts and design details, with their corresponding
design analysis, quantity and construction cost estimate. This submittal shall be accompanied by a
notebook compiling in a clear and orderly manner all calculations and procedures used in the design
and analysis. All calculations shall be signed by the original design engineers, as well as the
reviewing licensed professional engineers.
 Ten copies of all draft final and final draft plans, drawings, specifications, other necessary bidding
documents and related documents, properly signed by the original design engineers as well as the
reviewing licensed professional engineers.
 Ten copies of the draft final and final environmental assessment report.
 Ten copies of the draft final and final operations and maintenance manual and the health and safety
manual.
 Ten copies of the draft final and final privatization agreement.
 Three confidential copies of cost estimates and one set of reproducible plans and drawings on stable
based materials shall be submitted upon completion of final design.
Schedule:
The initial stages of environmental review, including field sampling and survey activities shall be
completed within a period of 5 months. The initial services of the engineering design, including field
sampling and survey activities and design layout and process design, shall be completed within a period
of 9 months. The overall effort for final environmental analysis and final design, including all detailed
drawings, specifications, and quantities, shall be completed within a period of no more than 15 months.
This schedule assumes a one month period for review and comment after the initial stages of
environmental review and engineering design, and the start up of the final engineering design.
Team:
The consulting team shall include at least one civil/environmental Engineers with experience in landfill
techniques and design; one hydrogeologist experienced in hydrogeological field survey and modeling of
contaminant release from landfills; one chemical/environmental engineer experienced in degradation
processes in landfills and outcome in terms of leachate and gas; one civil/geotechnical engineer
experienced in soil mechanics and design of landfills and environmental protection measures, including
assessment of the special needs for stability under seismic event; one civil engineer or air pollution
expert experienced in noise and vibration evaluation; one terrestrial and one aquatic biologist
experienced in environmental impact assessment of landfill sites; one land use planner experienced in
environmental impact assessments; and one sociologist experienced in community participation. Each of
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR FINAL DESIGN
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR
SANITARY LANDFILL
13
the above specialists shall have a minimum of ten years related experience in their field of expertise,
including experience in at least 3 developing countries.
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR FINAL DESIGN
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR
SANITARY LANDFILL
14