Fires Within: Igneous Activity: Read Pages 183-210, GEODe Unit 3,
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What primary factors determine the nature of volcanic eruptions? How do these factors
affect magma’s viscosity?
What materials are associated with a volcanic eruption?
What are the eruptive patterns and characteristic shapes of the three groups of volcanoes
generally recognized by volcanologists?
What are some other Earth features formed by volcanic activity?
What criteria are used to classify intrusive igneous bodies? What are some of these
features?
What is the relation between volcanic activity and plate tectonics?
We will be using Google Earth to visualize features associated with volcanic activity. You will
need the file entitled Google Earth - Volcanoes.kmz on your machine (you can save it to your
desktop if you like). To use this file, you will need to:
1) Launch Google Earth
2) Choose file Open (or you can use ctl-O)
3) Double right click the file “Google Earth - Volcanoes.kmz”
These will be due no later than Wednesday, just email the finished papers to me.
That’s all there is so have a great Thanksgiving Break.
1.
2.
What are volcanoes?
http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/docs/parks/deform/7modelsa.html
Mt. St. Helen and Mt. Hood are approximately 97 kilometers apart and were no doubtable
formed by the same geologic actions. Using Google Earth, compare and contrast Mt. St.
Helen with Mt. Hood. Describe how they were formed and why they look so different from
each other.
3.
Table 7.1 from p. 186 shows variations in properties among magmas of differing
compositions. Using your knowledge of rocks and minerals with your knowledge of plate
tectonics, where would expect basaltic magma forms? Explain why?
Where would you expect granitic magma forms? Explain why?
4.
People often have the wrong ideas about magma and lava, often saying the only difference
between the two is magma is molten rock under the earth while lava is molten rock above
the earth.
Consider two cans of soda pop, one that is in an unopened can and one that is in a can that
has been opened for several hours. What is there a difference between the two soda pops?
Would the differences be similar to the differences in magma and lava?
5.
Mauna Loa is an active shield volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanic peaks
that together form the Island of Hawaii. Using Google Earth, locate Mauna Loa and describe
the dark streaks that leave the peak of Mauna Loa. Where are they going and why?
http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/pahoehoe.html
6.
Kilauea is an active shield volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanic peaks that
together form the Island of Hawaii. Using Google Earth, locate Kilauea and discuss the
difference in lava flows here.
http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/aa.html
7.
Pyroclastics or tephra is a general term for all sizes of particles ejected into the air during
volcanic eruptions. Includes particles as tiny as volcanic ash and as large as bombs and
blocks. In other words, extrusive igneous rocks are often called pyroclastics or tephra. From
your experience with rocks, what are some examples of pyroclastics you have seen?
http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/docs/parks/volcano/pyroclastic.html
8.
Mauna Loa is an active shield volcano in the Hawaiian Islands and earth’s largest volcano.
Using Google Earth, locate Mauna Loa and explain why it doesn’t look like earth’s largest
volcano.
http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/maunaloa/
8.
SP Crater in Arizona and Paricutín in the Mexican state of Michoacán are cinder cone
volcanoes. Using Google Earth, locate Paricutín SP Crater. Compare and contrast these two
cinder cone volcanoes.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paricutin
9.
Mt. St. Helen in Washington State and Mt. Vesuvius in Italy are active composite cone
volcano a.k.a. stratovolcanoes. Using Google Earth, locate Mt. St. Helens and Mt. Vesuvius
and identify any features from figure 7.7. Describe any earthquake activity associated with
either volcano.
10.
List and describe some of the hazards associated with living near a volcano?
http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Hazards/What/hazards.html
http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/LivingWith/VolcanicFacts/deadly_eruptions.html
11.
Calderas are large collapse depressions having a more or less circular form. What are the
three basic types and how do they form? Use Google Earth to locate the Crater Lake Caldera
and the Yellowstone Caldera. What type of volcanic activity is present at these places?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crater_Lake_National_Park
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowstone_Caldera
12.
Devils Tower is a monolith located near Hulett and Sundance in eastern Wyoming, above
the Belle Fourche River. Use Google Earth to locate Devils Tower. What type of volcanic
activity and erosional activity created this monolith?
http://www.nps.gov/deto/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devils_Tower
13.
What is the relationship between volcanic activity and plate tectonics?
http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Outreach/AboutVolcanoes/where_do_volcanoes_occur.html
Volcano Resources
Volcano World was founded by Dr. Chuck Wood in 1995. We are most grateful to his
generous contribution! Volcano World is sponsored by the University of North Dakota
Department of Space Studies and the NASA North Dakota Space Grant Consortium.
http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/vwlessons/lesson.html
Building models of Volcanoes, from Volcano World.
http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_models/models.html
The U.S. Geological Survey's Cascades Volcano Observatory (CVO) strives to serve the
public interest by helping people to live with volcanoes and other natural hazards including
earthquakes, landslides, and debris flows. Our goal is to provide information pertinent to the
assessment, warning, and mitigation of natural hazards. We assess, we provide warnings,
and we investigate and report on hazardous events after they occur for use in public
education.
http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/
http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Outreach/AboutVolcanoes/volcano_types_quick_reference.html
USGS Science Resources For Primary Grades K-6
This website contains selected USGS educational resources that may be useful to educators
in primary school grades. Many of these resources can be used directly in the classroom or
will be useful in classroom lessons or demonstration activities preparation, or as resources
for teacher education and curriculum development.
http://education.usgs.gov/common/primary.htm#volcanoes
The Community Learning Network, a site designed to help K-12 teachers integrate
technology into the classroom.
http://www.cln.org/themes/volcanoes.html
42eXplore is a weekly project section that contains a thematic topic with selected web
resources, ideas and activities, vocabulary, lesson plans, webQuests, and student produced
materials. Watch each week for a new topic. The themes range across curriculum areas and
age levels.
http://42explore.com/volcano.htm
The aim of Thursday's Classroom is to provide a lasting connection between
NASA's latest research and the classroom environment.
http://www.thursdaysclassroom.com/index_07oct99.html
(Created 11/21/05)
http://www.cotf.edu/ete/pbl.html (Do First as Intro in Class)
http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/volcanoes/volcano.html COTF’s PBL model