UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MILWAUKEE
Bader School of Social Welfare
896-791/591: World of Work and Family, Revisited: Behavioral
Science Knowledge and Selected Policy Issues
Professor:
R.L. McNeely, Ph.D., J.D.
Office:
Enderis 1039
Office Hrs:
By Appointment
Office Phone: 229-4851; 229-5003
Res. Phone: (262) 255-4015
Fax/E-mail: (262) 255-4019; rlmatty@wi.rr.com
I.
Purpose, Objectives and Constraints of the Course
This course is designed with the intention that it will be an educationally meaningful fun
experience for students. Contrasting viewpoints about controversial matters under discussion
are welcome in the spirit of hearty, cordial, in-class debate, even if such viewpoints differ from
those expressed by the instructor. All viewpoints, however, should be framed by solid
empirical evidence. There are no onerous testing or classroom assignments, although students
are expected to participate in class discussions, and to engage in self-directed library research
and study. It is assumed that students enrolled in the course are earnestly seeking information
on the topical areas covered by the course and will be "self-starters" in pursuit of that goal.
The primary educational purpose of the course is to focus attention to the importance of
workplace conditions on individual health and social functioning to those who plan to be
providers of human services. Particular emphasis is placed on selected problems and issues of
salience for women in the U.S. workforce (such as "comparable worth," innovative work/family
balancing programs, the influence on children's development of various maternal employment
patterns, etc.). The course also focuses upon selected policy issues relevant to topics covered in
the class through student discussions that follow some of the course's lecture segments. Stated
briefly, the course examines: (1) pertinent issues affecting young adult, middle-aged and older
(particularly female) workers; (2) genderal differences among the races with respect to
important sociodemographic and experiential factors; (3) the occupational distribution of
women versus men in the economy and the shaping influence of employment patterns and other
factors on cosmological differences; and (4) selected social policy implications by topical area.
This course is limited by an important constraint. It would be advantageous to examine all
major work and family issues by occupation, gender and adult life-cycle stages. Presently, this
is not possible because data are incomplete, and data that are available often are contradictory.
Hence, the analysis either often will shift across occupational categories, sex of worker and
life-cycle stages, or selected topics will be delivered as autonomous units of material. One
important limitation is that there is inadequate evidence relating work and family factors to
workplace productivity patterns. These and other limitations may affect the overall symmetry
of the course.
II.
Course Readings
There are no assigned readings for this course. Numerous bibliographic references, however,
are provided within the instant syllabus from which students may select readings of individual
interest. The collection of readings listed in the syllabus does not exhaust all possible books,
articles nor topics that a student may wish to explore. One reason that there are no assigned
readings is because there are no current in-print texts that cover the content of the course.
Another reason there are no assigned readings is to allow students maximum flexibility, in
pursuing their own educational goals, with respect to seeking content on work and family areas
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of individual interest. Some articles appearing in the syllabus are on reserve in the library;
other articles require retrieval from the library's general stacks.
Texts of Interest
Roberta L. Coles and Charles Green (eds.), The Myth of the Missing Black Father, New York, N.Y:
Columbia University Press, 2010.
Linda G. Mills, Violent Partners, New York, N.Y: Basic Books, 2008.
Warren Farrell and James P. Sherba, Does Feminism Discriminate Against Men? A Debate, N.Y., N.Y:
Oxford University Press (USA), 2007
John Hamel and Tonia Nicholls (Eds.), Family Interventions in Domestic Violence: A Handbook of
Gender-Inclusive Theory and Treatment, New York, N.Y: Springer Publishing, 2006.
Jason DeParle, American Dream: Three Women, Ten Kids, And A Nation’s Drive To End Welfare,
N.Y: Penguin Books, 2005.
Warren Farrell, Why Men Earn More: The Startling Truth Behind the Pay Gap--and What Women Can
Do About It, New York: AMACOM, 2005.
Sheila K. Akabas and Paul A. Kurzman, Work and the Workplace: A Resource for Innovative Policy
and Practice, N.Y: Columbia University Press, 2006.
Sharon Hays, Flat Broke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform, N.Y: Oxford University
Press, 2003.
Arlie Hochschild, The Commercialization of Intimate Life: Notes From Home and Work, San
Francisco: University of California-Berkeley Press, 2003.
Arlie Hochschild and Barbara Ehrenreich (eds.), Global Woman: Nannies, Maids and Sex Workers in
the New Economy, N.Y: Metropolitan Books, 2003.
Eugene Smolensky and Jennifer A. Goodman (eds.), Working Families and Growing Kids: Caring for
Children and Adolescents, Wash. D.C: The National Academies Press, 2003
Warren Farrell, Women Can't Hear What Men Don't Say, N.Y: Tarcher/Putnam (Penguin Putnam, Inc.),
2002. (See, especially, Chapter 5, for perspective on A. Hochschild's work. See Chapters 6 & 7 for
perspective on domestic violence.)
Sylvia Ann Hewlett, Taking Parenting Public: The Case for a New Social Movement, Lanham, MD:
Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2002.
Joan Williams, Unbending Gender: Why Family and Work Conflict and What To Do About It, New
York: Oxford University Press, Inc, 2000.
Robert A. Karasek and Tores Theorell, Healthy Work: Stress, Productivity and the Reconstruction of
Working Life, N.Y: Basic Books, 1992
Rosabeth M. Kanter, Work and Family in the United States: A Critical Review and Agenda for Research
and Policy. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1977.
James O'Toole, et al., Work in America: Report of a Special Task Force to the Secretary of Health,
Educatrion & Welfare, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1973.
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III. Teaching Method
Lectures interspersed with student presentations will constitute the major teaching method.
Students are encouraged to relate the course content to personal life experiences and specific
areas of interest. Forms of participation other than class discussion may be suggested
throughout the semester but lively in-class participation is a “must” for this course. The
instructor will be especially receptive to any innovative proposals made by students with
respect to their interest to make contributions to the class. Lecture content will be delivered
based upon recognition of two competing conceptual stances including: (A) the assumption of
workplace primacy in shaping personal lives; and (B) the assumption of workplace/family
reciprocity wherein work and family are viewed as affecting each other in a circular fashion.
However, the impact of workplace conditions upon the quality of family life and the impact of
legislative and other policies on work and family life will be stressed throughout the course.
IV. Bases for Student Evaluation
Students, working in non-competitive teams, selected by the instructor, will present to the class
scholarly journal articles or scholarly books that they have individually reviewed. Students are
responsible for selecting the readings (either three articles or one book per presentation) that
they will present. Teams should select a presentational category based on the categories listed
at the end of the syllabus but the instructor may be petitioned to select a presentational category
that is not listed at the back of the syllabus. No two groups should select the same
presentational category for a given presentational cycle, and teams are responsible for ensuring
that their selected category does not duplicate the category of another presenting group.
Additionally, students working within teams are required to ensure that students do not
duplicate the articles or books that another team member presents. Although students may
select articles to review from the often historical thru current-day articles listed within the
categories (to determine how and if knowledge on a topic has moved forward over the years),
efforts should be made to locate pertinent non-listed articles. Students also may petition the
instructor if wishing to present on a topic different than the topic selected by the student’s team.
Each of the presentation cycles will occur following the instructor having completed two/three
lecture segments. As there are seven lecture segments, students likely will be presenting on two
or three occasions during the semester. Students, presenting poorly will be so informed following
each presentation. However, as this course is construed to be a fun course, grading is based on the
assumption that each student starts the course with an "A" grade. A grade of less than "A" will be
awarded when a student fails to make reasonable efforts in selecting, reviewing, analyzing,
recording, and presenting content. Students should select their two most informative articles for
presentation. The oral presentations should flow from recorded (written) annotated summations of
the articles and books. Students may utilize their annotated summaries during presentations in
glancing fashion, only. You cannot read your summaries when presenting. One-pager summaries
must be handed in to the instructor following presentations. The format for the summaries follows:
1. Full citation (ASA Style) of the article or book. If you do not know the ASA citational style, go
look at a volume of American Sociological Review.
2. Research Questions (One paragraph statement of the article's research questions or the book’s
thematic issues)
3. Methodology [One or two paragraph statement of the method of the study, including procedures
(e.g., interviewing) and instruments (e.g., questionnaires) used, and author's or student's expressed
limitations of the method.]
4. Specific Findings (One or two paragraph statement of findings including how the findings conflict
with those of other important studies?)
5. Unanswered Questions (Unanswered research questions?/What new research is needed?)
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Please note that students likely will be interrupted with comments during presentations. Several
criteria will be used to judge a presentation. These include the extent to which the presentation:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Is thought provoking;
Is indicative of reflection;
Includes additional pertinent information beyond that supplied in course lectures;
Is clear (presentational clarity);
Is an integrated (rather than disjointed) on-theme discussion;
Is EXTEMPORANEOUS (conversational) in style.
Involves contrasting viewpoints within a team that are effectively presented, argued, and defended
(point/counterpoint);
8. Involves effective use of visual aides.
PLEASE REVIEW EXEMPLARS (Angela Engel) IN RESERVE WING OF LIBRARY
An oral final examination integrating the content of the course will conclude the semester.
V.
Work Teams
Although the presentations of individual team members are conceived as being the product of
individual effort, it is expected that team members will interface prior to the presentations in
order to achieve a reasonable degree of presentational symmetry. For example, no team
members may present on the same article or book and members presenting on articles with
contradictory findings should be prepared to offer plausible explanations for the conflicts. It is
advisable, thus, for teams to meet and discuss their presentations prior to presenting, and it is
advisable that annotated summaries be shared within teams prior to presentations. Students are
expected to be responsible members of their work teams. Students must notify the instructor if a
team member is not acting according to this standard (contributing responsibly as a team
member). Efforts to mediate the situation will follow notification.
VI.
Presentations
Each member of a team, ideally, should make his or her own oral presentations. The instructor,
however, is aware that infrequent circumstances arise wherein a student may not be able to
attend class on a presentation date. The instructor is agreeable to a missed date if the student
secures the consent of his/her team for missing the presentation, and one or more members of
the team agree(s) to present the absent student's presentation. Please contact the instructor prior
to the scheduled presentation if a presentation must be missed. Explanations provided after
scheduled presentation dates will be considered only if some major event has occurred and can
be documented (e.g., automobile accident, unanticipated hospitalization, etc.). Team members not making
presentations must petition the instructor at least two weeks prior to the presentation. Also, the
instructor may waive some presentations (in large classes) but summaries still must be submitted.
VII.
Participation by Students with Disabilities*
Students needing special accommodations in order to meet any of the requirements of this
course are urged to contact the professor as soon as possible.
VIII. Religious Observances*
Students will be allowed to complete examinations or other requirements that are missed due to
traditional religious observances. Students missing a lecture because of a religious observance
are encouraged to obtain notes for that lecture from a fellow student.
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IX.
Academic Misconduct*
Students are responsible for the honest completion and representation of their work, for the
appropriate citation of sources, and for respect of the academic endeavors of others. Ascending
sanctions for academic misconduct include the following: (1) a reprimand maintained in the files
of the Dean of Students; (2) a repeat assignment; (3) a lower or failing grade for an assignment
or for the course; (4) removal from the course; (5) academic probation; (6) suspension; and (7)
expulsion. Suspensions and expulsions bar enrollment at any campus in the UW System. All
sanctions may be appealed. Student academic misconduct procedures are specified in Chapter
UWS 14 and in UWM Faculty Document 1686.
X.
Complaint Procedures*
Complaints may be directed to the head of the academic unit or department in which the
complaint occurs.
XI.
Grade Appeal Procedures*
A grade may be appealed on the grounds that it is based on a capricious or arbitrary decision by
the professor. Appeals must follow the established procedures adopted by the Bader School of
Social Welfare. These procedures are available in writing from the Director of Social Work
Programs. Students should be aware, however, that the U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that the
assessment of student performance depends on largely subjective standards and expert review
[Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319; 96 S. Ct. 893 (1976)]. The Court also has emphasized in
other cases that subtlety and expertise are involved in academic decision-making with respect to
grades [Board of Curators v. Horowitz, 435 U.S. 78 (1978)]. Due to the inherent subjectiveness
and need for skilled expertise in grading student performance, so long as a professor has acted in
good faith when awarding a grade, professors have a complete defense, even if the grade was
awarded in error (cf: Mathews v. Eldridge). Thus an "arbitrary" decision and a subjective
decision are not the same thing. Professors have not been allowed to waive their responsibilities
to make subjective assessments of student performance based on their skilled expertise.
XII.
Racial Discrimination and Sexual Harassment*
Racial discrimination and sexual harassment are reprehensible and will not be tolerated by the
university. They subvert the mission of the university and threaten the careers, educational
experience, and well being of students, faculty, and staff. The university will not tolerate
behavior between or among members of the university community which creates an
unacceptable working environment. Similarly, the professor will tolerate neither racial nor
gender discrimination between or among students enrolled in the course.
XIII. Incompletes*
An "incomplete" may be awarded to a student who has carried a subject successfully until the
end of the semester but who, because of illness, or other unusual and substantiated cause beyond
the student's control, has been unable to take or complete the required assignments, final
examination, or some other limited amount of term work.
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XIV.
A.
Course Content
The Importance of Work (2 sessions, approximately)
Readings of Interest
Greiner, B.A., et al., "Occupational Stressors and Hypertension: A Multi-Method Study Using
Observer-Based Job Analysis and Self-Reports in Urban Transit Operators," Social Science and
Medicine, Vol. 59(5) 2004: 1080-1094.
Schliebner, Connie T. and John J. Peregoy, "Unemployment Effects on the Family and the Child:
Interventions for Counselors," Journal of Counseling and Development, Vol. 72 (March/April)
1994: 368-372
Karasek, R., et al., "Job Characteristics in Relation to the Prevalence of Myocaridial Infarction in the
U.S.", American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 78(8) (August) 1988: 910-918.
Cooper Cary. L. and Judi Marshall, "Occupational Sources of Stress: A Review of the Literature
Relating to Coronary Heart Disease and Mental Ill Health," Journal of Occupational Psychology,
V, 49, 1976: 11-28.
Kanter, R. M., "The Dominant Influences: Effects of the Structure of Occupations and the
Organization of Work on Family Life," pp. 23-51 in Kanter, Work and Family in the United
States, New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1977.
O'Toole, J. (ed.), "Toward a Definition of Work" and "The Functions of Work," pp. 1-28 in O'Toole,
et. al., Work in America, Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press, 1973.
Palmore, Erdman, "Predicting Longevity: A Follow-up Controlling for Age," Gerontology 9
(Winter): 1969: 247-250.
Roman, P. M. and H. M. Trice, Spirits and Demons at Work: Alcohol and Drugs on the Job, Ithaca,
New York: Cornell University Press, 1972.
Theorell, T., and R. Rahe, "Behavior and Life Satisfaction Characteristics of Swedish Subjects with
Myocardial Infarction," Journal of Chronic Diseases, Vol. 25, 1972.
B.
Decision-Making, Perceived Control, and Selected Other Work-Setting Influences on
Satisfaction, Health, and Performance (2 sessions, approximately)
Readings of Interest
Amabile, Teresa M., et al., "Leader Behaviors and the Work Environment for Creativity: Perceived
Leader Support," The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 15, 2004: 5-32.
Jaskyte, Kristina, "Assessing Changes in Employees' Perceptions of Leadership Behavior, Job Design,
and Organizational Arrangements and Their Job Satisfaction and Commitment," Administration in
Social Work, V. 27(4) 2003
Weinstein, Faye M., et al., Career Choice Anxiety, Coping, and Perceived Control, The Career
Development Quarterly, Vol. 50 (June) 2002: 339-349.
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Lee, Li Chuan, Ke-Ping Yang and Tai-Ying Chen, “A Quasi-Experimental Study on a Quality Circle
Program in a Taiwanese Hospital,” International Journal for Quality in Health Care, Vol. 12 (5)
2000: 413-418.
McNeely, R.L. "Job Satisfaction in the Public Social Services: Perspectives on Structure, Situational
Factors, Gender, and Ethnicity," Pp: 224-255 in Y. Hasenfeld (Ed.), Human Services as Complex
Organizations, Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications, 1992.
Karasek, R. "Lower Health Risk with Increased Job Control Among White-Collar Workers", Journal
of Occupational Behavior, 1990.
McNeely, R. L., "Organizational Patterns and Work Satisfaction in a Comprehensive Human Service
Agency: An Empirical Test," Human Relations, Vol. 36(10) 1983: 957-971.
Miller, J., "Decision-Making and Organizational Effectiveness," Sociology of Work and Occupations
7 (1) 1980: 55-79.
McNeely, R.L., B. Schultz, and F. Naatz, "Quality Circles, Human Service Organizations, and the Law,"
Administration in Social Work, Vol. 21(2) 1997: 65-71.
Rosenberg, R. A. and E. Rosenstein, "Participation and Productivity: An Empirical Study," Industrial
and Labor Relations Review, Vol. 33, 1980: 355-367.
Shoemaker, J. and A. H. Reid, "Decreasing Chronic Absenteeism Among Institutional Staff: Effects
of a Low Cost Attendance Program," Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, Vol. 2,
1980: 317-328.
Saporito, B., "The Revolt Against 'Working Smarter'", Fortune, July 21, 1986: 59-65. (Managerial
Resistance to Participative Management.)
Seeman, M., "On the Meaning of Alienation," American Sociological Review, Vol. 24, 1959:
783-791.
C.
Discrimination and Cosmological Gender, Race and Age Differences in the Importance of
Work and in Predictors of Work and Life Satisfaction (2 sessions, approximately)
Readings of Interest
Stoll, Michael A., Steven Raphael, and Harry J. Holzer, "Black Job Applicants and the Hiring
Officer's Race," Industrial and Labor Relations Review, Vol. 57 (2) January 2004: 267-287.
Keith, Kristen and Ronald R. Williams, "A Note on Racial Differences in Employed Male Job
Search," Industrial Relations, Vol. 41 (3) (July) 2002: 422-429.
Raphael, Steven, Michael A. Stoll and Harry J. Holzer, "Are Suburban Firms More Likely to
Discriminate Against African Americans?" Journal of Urban Economics, Vol. 48 (3)
November, 2000.
Holzer, Harry J. and Keith R. Ihlanfeldt, "Customer Discrimination and Employment Outcomes for
Minority Workers," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 113 (3) August, 1998: 835-867.
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Miller, J., "Individual and Occupational Determinants of Job Satisfaction: A Focus on Gender
Differences," Sociology of Work and Occupations 7 (3) 1980: 377-366.
McNeely, R.L., "Job Satisfaction Differences Among Three Age Groups of Female Human Service
Workers," Journal of Aging Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2 (Summer) 1988: 109-120.
McNeely, R.L., "Age and Job Satisfaction in Human Service Employment." The Gerontologist, Vol.
28 (4) 1988: 163-168
James D. Wright and Richard F. Hamilton, "Work Satisfaction and Age: Some Evidence for the 'Job
Change' Hypothesis" Social Forces, Vol. 56 (4) 1978:1140-1158.
McNeely, R.L., "Job Satisfaction and Other Characteristics of Asian-American Human Service
Workers," Social Work Research and Abstracts, Vol 23 (4) 1987: 7-9.
McNeely, R.L, "Job Satisfaction and Other Characteristics of Hispanic-American Human Service
Workers," Social Casework, 70(4) 1989:237-242.
McNeely, R.L., "Race and Job Satisfaction in Human Service Employment," Administration in Social
Work, 13(1) 1989: 75-94.
Bharadwaj, L. K., and E. A. Wilkening, "Life Domain Predictors of Satisfaction with Personal
Efficacy," Human Relations 33 (3) 1980: 165-181.
Palmore, E. "Predictors of the Longevity Difference: A 25-Year Follow-up," The Gerontologist,
Vol. 22, No. 6, 1982: 513-518.
Palmore, E., "Predictors of Successful Aging," The Gerontologist, Vol. 19, No. 5, 1979: 427-431.
D.
Labor Force Involvement of Women and the Feminization of Poverty Question
Considering Race (2 sessions, approximately)
Readings of Interest
Huffman, Matt L., "Gender Inequality Across Local Wage Hierarchies," Work and Occupations, Vol.
31 (3) (August) 2004: 323-344.
Powell, Gary N. and D. Anthony Butterfield, "Exploring the Influence of Decision Maker's Race and
Gender on Actual Promotions to Top Management," Personnel Psychology, V. 55, 2002: 397428.
Bird, Sharon R. and Stephen G. Sapp, "Understanding the Gender Gap in Small Business Success:
Urban and Rural Comparisons," Gender and Society, Vol. 18 (1) 2004: 5-28.
Dressel, Paula L., "Gender, Race and Class: Beyond the Feminization of Poverty in Later Life," The
Gerontologist, Vol. 28 (2):1988: 177-180. (Shows that race, not gender, is key factor in poverty.)
Gonyea, J. and N. Hooyman, “Reducing Poverty Among Older Women: Social Security Reform and
Gender Equity,” Families in Society, 86 (3) 2005:338-346
McBrier, Debra B., "Gender and Career Dynamics with a Segmented Professional Labor Market:
The Case of Law Academia," Social Forces, V. 81 (4) 2003: 1201-1266.
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Roth, Louise M., "Selling Women Short: A Research Note on Gender Differences in Compensation
on Wall Street," Social Forces, Vol. 82 (2) 2003: 782-802.
Dunifom, Rachel, “Race and Gender in the Labor Market,” Poverty Research News, Vol. 3, No. 1
(Winter) 1999. (Suggests pay differences by gender, but not by race, are due to discrimination,
but only controlled for education, not for occupation, hours worked, or other factors.)
Georgine, Robert A., "Statement of Robert A. Georgine, President of the Building and Construction
Trades, Department of the AFL-CIO," Pp: 135-160 in Douglas L. Leslie, Cases and Materials on
Labor Law, Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1992. (Shows explicit racism; See: pp: 140-141.)
Nardone, T.J., "Part-time Workers: Who Are They?" Monthly Labor Review 109 (2) 1986: 13-19.
(Shows that European-American women are the most likely to engage in voluntary part-time work.)
Pearce, D., "The Feminization of Poverty: Women, Work and Welfare," Urban and Social Change
Review 11 (1 and 2) 1978: 28-36. (Argues poverty is a gender issue.)
King, A. G., "Labor Market Racial Discrimination Against Black Women," The Review of Black
Political Economy Vol. 8, (4) 1978: 325-335.
Mott, F. L., "Racial Differences in Female Labor Force Participation: Trends and Implications for the
Future," Urban and Social Change Review 11 (1 and 2) 1978: 21-27.
McNeely, R.L., J.M. Jones and Rhonda L. Impink, "Labor Force Involvement of Milwaukee's Working
Women," Social Development Issues, Vol. 6, No. 1 (Spring) 1982:62-75.
E. Work and Selected Family Relations: (Unemployment & child abuse, maternal employment &
children's educational achievement, work-related spousal violence, divorce) (3 sessions, approx.)
Readings of Interest
See, also, syllabus section titled “Effects on Children of Unemployed Parent/Parental Absence” in
BIBLIOGRAPHIC CATEGORIES portion of syllabus (infra).
Ruhm, Christopher J., "Parental Employment and Child Cognitive Development," The Journal of
Human Resources, Vol. 39 (1) 2004: 155-191.
Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne, Wen-Jui Han, and Jane Waldfogel, "Maternal Employment and Child
Cognitive Outcomes in the First Three Years of Life: The NICHD Study of Early Child Care,"
Child Development, Vol. 73 (4): 2002: 1052-1072.
Atkinson, Maxine P., Theodore Greenstein, and Molly M. Lang, "For Women, Breadwinning Can Be
Dangerous: Gendered Resource Theory and Wife Abuse," Journal of Marriage and the Family,
67(5) December 2005: 1137-1148.
Petrovich, Michael and Donald I. Templer, "Heterosexual Molestation of Children Who Later
Became Rapists," Psychological Reports, 1984: 54, 810
Edelson, J.L., “Children’s Witnessing of Adult Domestic Violence,” Journal of Interpersonal
Violence, V. 14(8) 1999: 839-870. (Effects of adult domestic violence on children)
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Fantuzzo, J.W. and W.K. Mohr, “Prevalence and Effects of Child Exposure to Domestic Violence,”
Domestic Violence and Children, V.9 (3) 1999: 21-32. (Effects of adult domestic violence on children)
Gibson-Davis, Christina M., et al., "Employment and the Risk of Domestic Abuse Among LowIncome Women," Journal of Marriage and the Family, 67 (5) December 2005:1149-1168.
Mitchel, Leslie, “Child Abuse and Neglect Fatalities,” Working paper 838 (Monograph) National
Center on Child Abuse Prevention Research, National Committee for the Prevention of Child
Abuse, Chicago, IL: 1987 (Women more likely than men to kill children, especially male children).
Gold, Dolores and David Andres, "Developmental Comparisons between Ten-Year-Old Children
With Employed and Nonemployed Mothers,” Child Development 49, 1978: 75-84.
Bronfenbrenner, Urie, W.F. Alvarez and C.R. Henderson, "Working and Watching: Maternal
Employment Status and Parents' Perceptions of Their Three-Year-Old Children" Child
Development 55(4) 1984:1362-1378.
Carnoy, Martin, "The Family, Flexible Work and Social Cohesion at Risk," International Labour
Review, Vol. 138 (4) 1999: 411-429.
Felson, Richard and Maureen Outlaw, “The Control Motive and Marital Violence,” Violence and
Victims, V. 22(4) 2007: 387-407.
Fox, Greer L., et al., "Economic Distress and Intimate Violence: Testing Family Stress and
Resources Theories," Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 64 (August) 2002: 793-807.
Hill, Jeffrey, Vjolica Martinson and Maria Ferris, "New-Concept Part-Time Employment as a WorkFamily Adaptive Strategy for Women Professionals with Small Children," Family Relations, Vol.
53, (3) 2004: 282-291.
Madonia, Joseph F., "The Trauma of Unemployment and its Consequences," Social Casework 64(8)
1983: 482-488.
O'Brien, J., "Violence in Divorce-Prone Families," Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 33, 1971.
Justice, Blair and David Duncan, "Child Abuse as a Work-Related Problem," Corrective and Social
Psychiatry, 23(2) 1977: 53-55.
Brown, B.W. "Wife Employment, Marital Equality and Husband-Wife Violence," in M. Straus and
G. Hotaling (eds.), The Social Causes of Husband-Wife Violence, Minneapolis: University of
Minnesota Press, 1980.
Whittaker, D.J., et al., “Differences in Frequency of Violence and Reported Injury between
Relationships with Reciprocal and Non-Reciprocal Intimate Partner Violence,” American Journal
of Public Health, V. 97, No. 5 (May) 2007: 941-47. (Another study showing that women initiate
violence more often than men and that men suffer a high rate of injuries.)
Carrado, M., et al., "Aggression in British Heterosexual Relationships: A Descriptive Analysis,"
Aggressive Behavior, Vol. 22, 1996: 401-415. (British study)
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Straus, Murray, and Richard Gelles, "Societal Change and Change in Family Violence from 1975 to 1985 as
Revealed by Two National Surveys," Journal of Marriage and the Family, 48 (August) 1986: 465-479.
(American study)
Laroche, D. (2005). Aspects of the Context and Consequences of Domestic Violence–Situational
Couple Violence and Intimate Terrorism in Canada in 1999. (Monograph) Québec, Canada,
Institut de la statistique du Québec, Governement du Québec, (May) 2005. 24 pp. (Canadian study)
Sarantakos, S. “Deconstructing Self-Defense in Wife-to-Husband Violence,” Journal of Men’s
Studies, V. 12, 2004: 277-296. (Australian study)
Shattuck, S., “A Domestic Violence Screening Program in a Public Health Department,” Journal of
Community Health Nursing, 19 (3) 2002:121-132. (Societal costs of domestic violence)
Chrisler, J.C. and S. Ferguson, “Violence Against Women as a Public Health Issue,” Annals of the
New York Academy of Sciences, V. 1087(1) 2006: 235-249. (Societal costs of domestic violence.)
Wisner, Catherine L., et al., “Intimate Partner Violence Against Women: Do Victims Cost Health
Plans More?” Journal of Family Practice, V. 48 (6) 1999: 439-443. (Societal costs of domestic violence)
Coney, N.S. and W.C. Mackey, “The Feminization of Domestic Violence in America, Journal of
Men’s Studies, V.8 (1) 1999: 45-58. (50% of domestic violence allegations are false?)
George, M.J., “The Great Taboo and the Role of Patriarchy in Husband and Wife Abuse,”
International Journal of Men's Health, V. 6, 2007: 7-22
Anderson, Kristin L., "Gender, Status, and Domestic Violence: An Integration of Feminist and Family
Violence Approaches," Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 59 (August) 1997: 655-669.
McNeely, R.L., “Review and Synthesis of Research on Batterers and Interventions,” Presented at the
U.S. Army Family Advocacy International Training Workshop, San Antonio, TX: April 23–28, 2006.
McNeely, R.L. “Reflections on Racial Differences in Perceptions of Domestic Violence,” Social
Justice in Context, Vol. 4(1) 2009:129-135. (But, read the mimeo. It is superior to the published version.)
McNeely, R.L., P. Cook, and J. Torres, "Is Domestic Violence a Gender Issue, or a Human Issue?"
Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, Vol. 4, No. 4 (1) 2001: 227-251.
Barling, Julian and Alan Rosenbaum, "Work Stressors and Wife Abuse," Journal of Applied
Psychology 71(2) 1986: 346-348.
Rittenmeyer, S. D., "Of Battered Wives, Self-Defense and Double Standards of Justice," Journal of
Criminal Justice, Vol. 9, 1981: 389-395.
Bronfenbrenner, Urie and Ann C. Crouter, "Work and Family Through Time and Space," pp. 39-83
in Sheila Kamerman and Cheryl Hayes (eds.) Families That Work, Washington, D.C.: National
Academy Press, 1982.
Liker, Jeffrey and Glen Elder, "Economic Hardship and Marital Relations in the 1930s," American
Sociological Review 48(June) 1983: 343-359.
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Steinmetz, S., "Occupational Environment in Relation to Physical Punishment and Dogmatism," in S.
Steinmetz and M. Straus (eds.), Violence in the Family, New York: Dodd, Mead and Co., 1974.
Whitehurst, R. N., "Alternative Family Structures and Violence Reduction," in Steinmetz and Straus
(eds.), Violence in the Family, New York: Dodd, Mead and Co., 1974.
Whitehurst, R. N., "Violence in Husband-Wife Interaction," in Steinmetz and Straus (eds.), Violence
in the Family, New York: Dodd, Mead and Co., 1974.
F.
Dual Career Families and Working Couples (2 sessions, approximately)
Readings of Interest
Haddock, Shelley A. and Karen Rattenborg, "Benefits and Challenges of Dual-Earning: Perspectives
of Successful Couples", The American Journal of Family Therapy, V. 31, 2003: 325-244.
Presser, Harriet B., "Employment Schedules Among Dual-Earner Spouses and the Division of
Household Labor by Gender", American Sociological Review, Vol. 59 (June) 1994: 348-364.
Beckett, J. 0. and A. D. Smith, "Work and Family Roles: Egalitarian Marriage in Black and White
Families," Social Service Review 55 (June) 1981: 314-326.
Farrell, Warren, "I Work Full-Time and Take Care of the Kids, But You Won't Even Do the Dishes,"
pp: 85-122, in Women Can't Hear What Men Don't Say, N.Y: Tarcher/Putnam, 2002.
Kanter, R.M., "Jobs and Families: Impact of Working Roles on Family Life," pp. 295-301 in J.
O'Toole, et. al., (eds.) Working Changes and Choices, New York: Human Sciences Press, 1981.
Houseknecht, S.K. and Anne S. Macke, "Combining Marriage and Career: The Marital Adjustment
of Professional Women," Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 43 (August) 1981:651-661.
Hall, F. S. and O. T. Hall, pp. 28-53 and pp. 217-237 in The Two-Career Couple, Reading, Mass.:
Addison-Wesley, 1979.
Rapaport, R. and R. Rapaport, pp. 40-45; pp. 291-323; pp. 324-372 in Dual-Career Families
Re-examined, London: Martin Robertson, 1976.
Rosen, B., et. al., "Dual-Career Marital Adjustment: Potential Effects of Discriminatory Managerial
Attitudes," Journal of Marriage and the Family 37 (3) 1975: 565-572.
Booth, A., "Wife's Employment and Husband's Stress: A Replication and Refutation," Journal of
Marriage and the Family 39 November, 1977: 645-650.
Bryson, R., et. al., "Family Size, Satisfaction and Productivity in Dual-Career Couples," Psychology
of Women Quarterly 3 (1) 1978: 67-77.
Aldous, J., M. Osmond and M. Hicks, "Men's Work and Men's Families," pp. 227-256 in W. Burr, et.
al. (eds.), Contemporary Theories About the Family, Vol. 1, New York: The Free Press, 1979.
Bailyn, L., "Career and Family Orientations of Husbands and Wives in Relation to Marital
Happiness," Human Relations 23 (April) 1970: 97-113.
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Spreitzer, E., E. Eldon and D. L. Larson, "Multiple Roles and Psychological Well-Being,"
Sociological Focus 12 (April) 1979: 141-148.
BIBLIOGRAPHIC CATEGORIES - MEN AND WOMEN WORKING:
SELECTED PROBLEMS, PROSPECTS AND POLICIES
EFFECTS ON CHILDREN OF UNEMPLOYED PARENT/PARENTAL ABSENCE
Sampson, Robert J., “Urban Black Violence: The Effect of Male Joblessness and Family Disruption,”
American Journal of Sociology, V. 93, No. 3 (September, 1987): 348-382.
Thomas, T., M. Farrell and G. Barnes, “The Effects of Single-Mother Families and Nonresident
Fathers on Delinquency and Substance Abuse in Black and White Adolescents,” Journal of
Marriage and Family, V. 58 (November) 1996: 884-894.
Mackey, W., and B. Mackey, “The Presence of Fathers in Attenuating Young Male Violence: Dad as
a Social Palliative,” Journal of Marriage and Family Review, V. 35, 2003: 63–75. (Fatherless
boys without a responsible and consistent adult role model more likely to engage in violence.)
Mupier, R. and H.E. Rodney, “Behavioral Differences between African American Male Adolescents
with Biological Fathers and Those Without Biological Fathers in the Home,” Journal of Black
Studies, V. 30 (September) 1999: 45-61.
Blum, R.W., et al., “The Effects of Race/Ethnicity, Income, and Family Structure on Adolescent Risk
Behaviors,” American Journal of Public Health, V. 90, N0: 12, (Dec.) 2000: 1879-1884.
Griffin, K.W., et al., “Parenting Practices as Predictors of Substance Use, Delinquency, and
Aggression Among Urban Minority Youth: Moderating Effects of Family Structure and Gender,”
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, V. 14, No. 2, 2000: 174-184.
Farrell, A. and K. White, “Peer Influences and Drug Use Among Urban Adolescents: Family
Structure and Parent-Adolescent Relationship as Protective Factors,” Journal of Consulting and
Clinical Psychology, V. 66, No. 2, 1998: 248-258.
Regnerus, M. and L. Luchies, “The Parent-Child Relationship and Opportunities for Adolescents’
First Sex,” Journal of Family Issues, V. 27, No. 2, 2006: 159-183.
Smith, C., “Factors Associated with Early Sexual Activity among Urban Adolescents,” Social Work,
V. 42, No. 4, 1997: 334-346.
Downey, D.B., et al., “Sex of Parent and Children’s Well-Being in Single-Parent Households,”
Journal of Marriage and the Family, V. 60, No. 4, 1998: 878-893.
Harper, Cynthia C., “Father Absence and Youth Incarceration,” Journal of Research on Adolescence,
14 (3) 2004: 369-397. (Father substitute present).
Hollist, D.R. and W.H. McBroom, “Family Structure, Family Tension, and Self-Reported Marijuana
Use: A Research Finding of Risky Behavior Among Youths,” Journal of Drug Issues, Fall, 2006:
976-998. (Father substitute present).
Ortiz, Larry P. and Michael P. Farrell, "Father's Unemployment and Adolescent's Self-Concept,"
Adolescence, Vol. 28 (Issue 112), 1993: 937-950
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EMPLOYEE OWNERSHIP AND WORKER'S MANAGEMENT
Collom, Ed, "Two Classes and One Vision? Managers' and Workers' Attitudes Toward Workplace
Democracy," Work and Occupations, V. 30 (1) (February) 2003: 62-96.
Toscano, D.J., "Employee Ownership and Democracy in the Workplace," Social Policy 12(1)
1981:16-23.
Bradley, K., "Employee Ownership and Economic Decline in Western Industrial Democracies,"
Journal of Management Studies 23(1) January 1986:51-71.
Brown, D.R. and B.H. Kleiner, "Employee Ownership-Problems and Prospects," Personnel
Administrator 30 (December) 1985:75-83.
Bradley, K., and A. Gelb, "Employee Buyouts of Troubled Companies: Extending Ownership to
Employees Has Advantage Over Other Forms of Restructuring," Harvard Business Review 63
(Sept.-Oct.) 1985:121-130.
Torbert, W. R. and M. P. Rogers, Being for the Most Part Puppets, Cambridge, MA.: Schenkman,
1973. {Importance of organizational (mezzo-level) factors on individual development, health/social functioning}
Mattera, P., "Buying Trouble: Workers who Become Owners Get More Than They Bargain For,"
Progressive 49(9) Sept. 1985:32-33.
Rosen, C., K. Klein and K. Young, Employee Ownership in America Lexington, Mass.: Lexington
Books, 1985.
Blumberg, P., Industrial Democracy: The Sociology of Participation, New York, N.Y.: Schocken
Books, 1969.
FAMILY RELATIONS
Bagger, Jessica, Andrew Li and Barbara A. Gutek, “How Much Do You Value Your Family and
Does it Matter? The Joint Effects of Family Identity Salience, Family-Interference-With-Work,
and Gender” Human Relations, V. 61, No. 2 (Feb), 2008: 187-211.
Johnson, Tallese and Jane Dye, “Indicators of Marriage and Fertility in the United States from the
American Community Survey: 2000-2003,” (Monograph) Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the
Census, Washington, D.C. (May) 2005. www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/fertility/mar-fert-slides.html
Reynolds, Jeremy, "In the Face of Conflict: Work-Life Conflict and Desired Work Hour
Adjustments," Journal of Marriage and Family, 67 (5) December 2005: 1313-1331.
Cinamon, R.G., and Y. Rich, "Gender Differences in Attributions of Importance to Work and Family
Roles," Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, V. 47, 2002: 531-541.
McCloyd, Vonnie C., et al., "Unemployment and Work Interruption Among African-American
Single Mothers: Effects on Parenting and Adolescent Socioemotional Functioning," Child
Development, V. 65, 1994: 562-589.
Smith, A. and W.J. Reid, Role Sharing Marriage, New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.
896-791/591
Page Fifteen
Morris, Pamela et al., "The Effects of a Limited Welfare Program on Children: The Moderating Role
of Parents' Risk of Welfare Dependency," Child Development, V. 74 (3) 2003: 851-874.
Piotrkowski, C.S. Work and the Family System: A Naturalistic Study of Working Class and Lower
Middle Class Families. New York: Free Press, 1979.
Hood, J. The Two-Job Family, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1983.
Kamerman, Sheila B. and Cheryl D. Hayes, Families That Work: Children in a Changing World,
Washington, D.C.: National Press, 1982.
Hoffman, L., A. Thornton, J. Manis, "The Value of Children to Parents in the United States," Journal
of Population, 1978 (1):91-131.
Menaghan, E., "Assessing the Impact of Family Transitions on Marital Experience, in Family Stress,
Coping and Social Support, edited by: H. McCubbin, A. Cauble, J. Patterson, Springfield,
Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1982.
Kanter, R.M. Work and Family in the United States, New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1977;
See pp: 47-51.
Havens, E., "Women, Work and Wedlock: A Note on Female Marital Patterns in the United States,"
American Journal of Sociology 78(3) 1973: 975-981.
HAPPINESS, HOSTILITY, AND DEPRESSION
Chesley, Noelle, "Blurring Boundaries? Linking Technology Use, Spillover, Individual Distress, and
Family Satisfaction," Journal of Marriage and Family, V. 67 (5) December, 2005:1237-1248.
Arehart-Treichel, A., “Men Shouldn’t be Overlooked as Victims of Partner Violence. Psychiatric
News, 42 (15) 2007: 31.
Cui, Ming, et al., "Observer, Self-, and Partner-Reports of Hostile Behaviors in Romantic
Relationships, Journal of Marriage and Family, V. 67 (5) December, 2005: 1169-1181.
George, M.J., “Relationships, Men and Depression,” Mental Health Nursing, V. 16 (6), 1996: 31 -34
Yogev, S. "Happiness in Dual-Career Couples: Changing Research, Changing Values," Sex Roles,
8(6) 1982:593-605.
Li, Frederick P., "Suicide Among Chemists," Archives of Environmental Health 19 (4) 1969.
Mostow, E. and P. Newberry, "Work Role and Depression in Women," American Journal of
Orthopsychiatry 45 1975: 538-548.
Newberry, P., et. al., "Working Wives and Housewives: Do They Differ in Mental Status and Social
Adjustments?" American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 49, 1979: 282-291.
Wright, J., "Are Working Women Really More Satisfied? Evidence from Several National Surveys,"
Journal of Marriage and Family, 40 (2), May, 1978: 301-314.
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Page Sixteen
Glen, N. and C. Weaver, "A Multivariate, Multisurvey Study of Marital Happiness," Journal of
Marriage and the Family 40 (2), May 1978: 269-283.
Pearlin, L. and J. Johnson, "Marital Status, Life Strains and Depression," American Sociological
Review 42 (Oct.) 1977: 704-715.
HEALTH
Bainchi, Suzanne M., Lynne M. Casper and Rosalind B. King (Eds.), Work, Family, Health and
Well-Being, Mahwah, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2005.
Navarro, V. and D.M. Berman (eds.), Health and Work Under Capitalism: An International
Perspective, Farmingdale, N.Y.: Baywood Publishing Co., 1986.
Elling, R.H., The Struggle for Workers' Health, Farmingdale, N.Y.: Baywood Publishing Co., 1986.
Shain, M., H. Suurvali, M. Boutilier, Healthier Workers: The Role of Health Promotion and
Employee Assistance Programs, Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, 1986. (Presents prototypes of
company health policies, case studies of stress management programs, worker compensation laws as they affect
employers, etc.)
Kahn, R.L. Working and Health, New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1981. 198 pp.
Gardell, B., "Health and the Work Setting," Psychologist News, Vol. 7, 1972.
Rothstein, L., Plant Closings, Dover, Mass.: Auburn House Publishing Co., 1986.
INCOME ISSUES
Hammida, Mustapha, "Job Mobility and Hourly Wages: Is There a Relationship?" Monthly Labor
Review, May, 2004: 23-30.
England, Paula and Carmen Garcia-Beaulieu, "Women's Employment Among Blacks, Whites, and
Three Groups of Latinas: Do More Privileged Women Have Higher Employment?" Gender and
Society, Vol. 18 (4) 2004: 494-509.
Pager, D., "The Mark of a Criminal Record," American Journal of Sociology, V. 108, (5) March 2003:
937-975.
Groshen, Erica L., "The Structure of the Female/Male Wage Differential: Is it Who You Are, What You
Do, or Where You Work?" The Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 26 (3) 1991: 457-472.
McNeely, R.L., M. Sapp, and A. Daly, "Ethnicity, Gender, Earnings, Occupational Rank, and Job
Satisfaction in the Public Social Services: What Do the Workers Say?" Pp: 144-165, in A. Daly
(Ed.), Workplace Diversity: Issues and Perspectives, Lanham, Md: NASW Press, 1998.
Moen, P., "Preventing Financial Hardship: Coping Strategies of Families of the Unemployed," pp.
151-168, in H. McCubbin, A. Cauble, J. Pattersen (eds.), Family Stress, Coping and Support,
Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas Publishers, 1982.
McNeely, R.L., "Gender, Job Satisfaction, Income and Other Characteristics of Human Service Workers
Before and After Midlife," Administration in Social Work, 13(2) 1989: 99-116.
896-791/591
Page Seventeen
Rodgers, H.R., Poor Women, Poor Families, Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1986.
Gelpi, B.C., N. Harstock, C. Novak, M. Strober (eds.), Women and Poverty, Chicago: The
University of Chicago Press, 1986. See esp. the article: D.M. Pearce, "Toil and Trouble:
Women Workers and Unemployment Compensation."
Black Women in the Labor Force, Fact Sheet No. 85-6. U.S. Dept. of Labor, Women's Bureau, July
1985: 3 pp.
SELECTED RACE-, AGE- AND GENDER-SENSITIVE POLICIES AND PROGRAMS
Behavioral science knowledge clearly supports the existence of cosmological differences among different
race, age and gender groups. Some of the differences are matters of degree but other differences appear
to be substantive. Nevertheless, instituting policies based upon the differences in perspective different
groups bring to the workplace is ill-advised; such policies inevitably would lead to litigation alleging
preferential treatment. On the other hand, it is desirable to implement and maintain programs that are
sensitive to differences in the conditions of work (discrimination, harassment, etc.) confronting members
of national minority groups and women. Second, it is desirable to implement policies and programs that
are sensitive to conditions associated with certain life cycle changes (and disabilities) affecting different
groups of workers (pregnancy, early childrearing, diminished capacity related to age, or infirmity).
Simply put, the presence of policies/programs sensitive to both sets of conditions is necessary to ensure
universal access and opportunity in pursuit of broad goals that encourage distributing resources fairly.
Affirmative Action
Holzer, H. and D. Neumark, "What Does Affirmative Action Do?," Industrial and Labor Relations
Review, Vol. 53, 2000: 240-271.
Grumbah, K. M., et al., "The Role of Black and Hispanic Physicians in Providing Health Care for
Underserved Populations," New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 334 (20) (May 16) 1996:
1305-10.
Wilson, William Julius, When Work Disappears, N.Y: Vintage Books, 1997.
Anderson, Elizabeth S., "From Normative to Empirical Sociology in the Affirmative Action Debate:
Bowen and Bok's The Shape of the River," Journal of Legal Education, Vol. 50, 2000: 284-305.
Greenlaw, P.S., "Affirmative Action or Reverse Discrimination?,” Personnel Journal 64 (9)
1985:84-87.
Buonocare, A.J. and D.R. Crable, "Equal Opportunity: An Incomplete Evolution," Personnel Journal
65 (August) 1986:32-35.
Leonard, J.S., "The Impact of Affirmative Action on Employment," Journal of Labor Economics 2
(4) 1984:439-463.
Jacobson, B., Young Programs for Older Workers: Case Studies in Progressive Personnel Policies,
New York, N.Y.: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1980.
Beer, W., "Real-life Costs of Affirmative Action," Wall Street Journal (August 7th) 1986:18.
896-791/591
Page Eighteen
Carson, E., et al., "Do Government Programs Close the Racial Gap?" American Economic Review
76(2) 1986:347-363.
Comparable Worth
McCann, Michael W., Rights at Work: Pay Equity Reform and the Politics of Legal Mobilization,
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
Blum, Linda R., Between Labor and Feminism: The Significance of the Comparable Worth
Movement, Berekeley: University of California Press, 1991.
Engel, P., "Employers Liable: But Court Says They Must Have Known the Facts," Industry Week
230 (July 7th) 1986:25-26.
Vogel-Polsky, E., "Positive Action Programmes for Women: A Theoretical Analysis," International
Labour Review 124 (May-June) 1985:253-265.
Perry, N., "Setback for Comparable Worth: Follow-up Court Overturns Washington State
Implementation," Fortune 112(September 30th) 1985:11.
Feldberg, R. "Comparable Worth: Toward Theory and Practice in the United States," Women and
Poverty, B.C. Gelpi, et al., (eds.). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1986
Rasian, J., M. Ward and F. Welch, "The Comparable Worth Story," National Review 38 (December
5th) 1986:21.
Lutes, D. and N. Rothchild, "Compensation: Pay Equity Loses to Chicken Little and Other Excuses,"
Personnel Journal 65 (October) 1986:124.
Booker, S. and L. Nuckolls, "Legal and Economic Aspects of Comparable Worth," Public Personnel
Management 15(2) 1986:189-207.
Maleaux, J., "Comparable Worth and its Impact on Black Women," Review of Black Political
Economy 13 (Fall-Winter) 1985:47-63.
Lutz, R.P. and K. Brown, "Comparable Worth: An Unnecessary Concept," Industrial Management
27 (Nov.-Dec.) 1985:22-27.
Sexual Harassment
Valente, Sharon and Vern Bullough, "Sexual Harassment of Nurses in the Workplace," Journal Of
Nursing Care Quality, Vol. 19 (3) 2004: 234-241
McEnery, J., "Sexual Harassment in Blue-Collar Jobs - A Problem Unresolved," Employment
Relations Today (Summer) 1985:205-215.
Kolton, E., "An Ounce of Prevention: Many Companies are Rethinking - and Rewriting - Personnel
Policies to Help Head Off Employee Lawsuits," Inc. 6(10) 1984:153-155.
Cohen, C.F. and J.P. Vincelette, "What to do About Sexual Harassment Complaints," Supervisory
Management 30(2) 1985:25-29.
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Page Nineteen
Webb, S.L., "Sexual Harassment: Court Costs Rise for a Persistent Problem," Management Review
73(12) 1984: 25-28.
Wermiel, S. and C. Trost, "Justices Say Hostile Job Environment Due to Sex Harassment Violates
Rights," Wall Street Journal (June 20th) 1986:2.
Koral, A., "Social Invitations, Strict Liability and Sexual Harassment," Employment Relations Today
(Spring) 1986:13-20.
Work and Children
Ferber, Marianne A., Brigit O'Farrell, and LaRue Allen (eds), Work and Family: Policies for a
Changing Work Force, Wash., D.C: National Academy Press, 1991.
Krett, Karen, "Maternity, Paternity and Child Care Policies: A New Survey on Benefit Policies,"
Personnel Administrator Vol. 30 (6) June, 1985: 125-136, 218.
WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT
Atwater, L.E., J.F. Waldman, D. Dimore, M.V. Hayden, "Men and Women's Perceptions of Gender
Typing of Management Subroles," Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, V. 50, 2004: 191-199.
Hultin, Mia, "Some Take the Glass Escalator, Some Hit the Glass Ceiling? Career Consequences of
Occupational Segregation," Work and Occupations, V. 30 (1) (February) 2003: 30-61.
Skuratowicz, Eva and Larry W. Hunter, "Where Do Women's Jobs Come From? Job Resegregation
in an American Bank," Work and Occupations, V. 31 (1) (February) 2004: 73-110.
Bryans, Patrica and Sharon Mavin, "Women Learning to Become Managers: Learning to Fit In or To
Play a Different Game?" Management Learning, V. 34 (1) 2003: 111-134. (United Kingdom)
Ackah, Carol and Norma Heaton, "Human Resource Management Careers: Different Paths for Men
and Women?" Career Development International, Vol. 8 (3) 2003: 134-142. (United Kingdom)
Dawson, M.L., "Women and Men, Majority and Ethics - Sexual Differences in Moral Reasoning,"
Business Horizons, V. 38, 1995: 61-68.
Forgionne, G. and Vivian Peters, "Differences in Job Motivation and Satisfaction Among Female and
Male Managers," Human Relations 35 (2) 1982: 101-118.
Munson, Carlton E., "Evaluation of Male and Female Supervisors," Social Work 24 (March)
1979:104-110.
Schein, Virginia E., "Relationships Between Sex Role Stereotypes and Requisite Management
Characteristics Among Female Managers," Journal of Applied Psychology 60 (June) 1975:
340-344.
Rosen, Benson and Thomas Jerdee, "Effects of Employee's Sex and Threatening Versus Pleading
Appeals on Managerial Evaluations or Grievances," Journal of Applied Psychology 60 (August)
1975: 442-445.
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Page Twenty
Rosen, Benson and Thomas Jerdee, "Influence of Sex Role Stereotypes on Personnel Decisions,"
Journal of Applied Psychology 59 (February) 1974: 9-14.
O'Leary, V. E., "Some Attitudinal Barriers to Occupational Aspirations in Women," Psychological
Bulletin 81 (November) 1974: 809-826.
Terborg, James R., "Women in Management: A Research View," Journal of Applied Psychology 62
(December) 1977: 647-664.
Dipboye, R. L., R. D. Arvey and D. E. Terpstra, "Sex and Physical Attractiveness of Raters and
Applicants as Determinants of Resume Evaluations," Journal of Applied Psychology 62 (June)
1977: 288-294.
Heilman, Madeline E., and Lois R. Saruwatari, "When Beauty is Beastly: The Effects of Appearance
and Sex on Evaluations of Job Applicants for Managerial and Non-Managerial Jobs,"
Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 23 (June) 1979: 360-371.
Terborg, James R. and Daniel R. Ilgen, "Sex Discrimination and Sex-Role Stereotypes: Are They
Synonymous? No!" Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 14 (August) 1975: 154-157.
Shapiro, Eileen C., et. al., "Moving Up: Role Models, Mentors, and the Patron System," Sloan
Management Review 19 (Spring) 1978: 51-58.
WORK/FAMILY BALANCING PROGRAMS
Common problems experienced by dual career and two-job families with small children include
scheduling conflicts, difficulties in locating care providers for ill children, difficulties arranging child
care, and insufficient time to meet adequately both work and family demands, resulting in role overload.
Additionally, in 1990, only about 40% of working women were employed by companies mandated by law
to provide paid maternity leave. Thus, a majority of working women not only must risk a loss of income
due to childbirth, many return to work following the period of leave. Obviously, policies and programs
that take these problems into account must be adopted if an optimal balance between the demands of paid
employment and family life is to be achieved (although some data indicate that these programs have
adverse effects on women's wage growth). Several policies and programs that can address these problems
include: (1) flexitime, to reduce scheduling conflicts; (2) sick child leave; (3) employer sponsored or
assisted child care; and (4) maternal, paternal and adoptive leave. Unfortunately, although all of these can
relieve some of the strains experienced by working parents, all involve significant difficulties for
employers. One country, England, legislatively mandates some employers to guarantee part-time
employment to formerly full-time workers whose maternal responsibilities prohibit them from returning
to work on a full-time basis. Job sharing is another alternative.
Bianchi, Suzanne M., J.P. Robinson, and M.A. Milkie, Changing Rhythms of American Family Life,
ASA Rose Series. N.Y: Russell Sage, 2006.
Glass, Jennifer, "Blessing or Curse: Work-Family Policies and Mother's Wage Growth Over Time,"
Work and Occupations, V. 31 (3) (August) 2004: 367-394.
L.M. Casper and S.Z. Bianchi, Continuity and Change in the American Family, Sage Publications,
2002.
Hill, Jeffrey E., Vjolica Martinson and Maria Ferris, "New Concept Part-Time Employment as a
Work-Family Adaptive Strategy for Women Professionals with Small Children," Family
Relations, V. 53, 2000: 282-292.
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Page Twenty-one
Spain, Daphne and Suzanne M. Bianchi, Balancing Act: Motherhood, Marriage, and Employment
Among American Women, New York: Russell Sage, 1996.
McNeely, R.L. and B. Fogarty, "Balancing Parenthood and Employment: Factors Affecting Company
Receptiveness to Family-Related Innovations in the Workplace," Family Relations, Vol. 37, No. 2
(April) 1988: 189-195.
Saltzstein, Alan, Yuan Tingh and Grace Saltzstein, "Work-Family Balance and Job Satisfaction: The
Impact of Family-Friendly Policies on Attitudes of Federal Government Employees," Public
Administration Review, V. 61 (4) 2001: 452-467.
McNeely, R.L., "Five-Morale Enhancing Innovations for Human Service Settings," Social Casework,
Vol. 69, No. 4 (April) 1988: 204-213.
McNeely, R.L., "Managing Work and Family Demands: Strengths, Weaknesses and Barriers to
Implementing Twenty Innovative Programs," Social Work Papers, Vol. 21 1988:1-15.
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(eds.), Stresses and Supports for Families. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1986.
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Philadelphia, Penn.: Temple University Press, 1981.
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The Unpopular Benefit Option," Personnel
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896-791/591
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JOURNALS OF PARTICULAR INTEREST
Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health
Sociology of Work and Occupations/ Work and Occupations
Journal of Marriage and Family
MISCELLANEOUS RESEARCH OF INTEREST
Marjorie L. Gunnoe and C.L. Mariner, “Toward a Developmental/Contextual Model of the Effects of
Parental Spanking on Children’s Aggression,” Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine,
151(8) 1997 (suggesting beneficial effects of spanking for Black children).
Paula Fomby and Andrew Cherlin, “Family Instability and Child Well-Being," American
Sociological Review, (April) 2007 (suggesting that Black children handle changes in parent’s
intimate partner relationships better than White children).
Anita Chandra, et al., “Does Watching Sex on Television Predict Teen Pregnancy? Findings from a
National Longitudinal Survey of Youth,” Pediatrics, V. 122, 2008: 1047-1054 (suggesting
greater t.v. exposure to sex is linked to greater probability of pregnancy)
______________________________________
* See: http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/SecU/SyllabusLimks.pdf for more information on subsections VII thru
XIII. Information for students called to active military duty is available at the site.