OUHSD WORLD CIVILIZATIONS CALIFORNIA STANDARDS BENCHMARK 1 TEST—2009-10
ROOTS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEMOCRACY
1
2
Use the information below to answer question 4.
All citizens of Athens had the right to discuss
issues openly and to vote in the assembly. This
is an example of
A. republicanism.
B. monarchy.
C. democracy.
D. militarism.
He who trusts any man with supreme power gives it to a
wild beast, for such his appetite sometimes makes him:
passion influences those in power, even the best of
men, but law is reason without desire. . .
—Aristotle
Jewish and Christian beliefs differ from the
Greco-Roman tradition in matters concerning
the importance of
A. the role of law.
B. individual mortality.
C. belief in one God.
D. the family unit.
4
Which feature of modern Western democratic
government reflects Aristotle’s views as given
above?
A. the direct election of members of the
legislature.
B. the power of the courts to review the law.
C. the granting of emergency powers to the
chief executive.
D. the requirement that government actions
must adhere to the law.
5
Which of the following is a concept from
classical Athens that is central to Western
political thought today?
A. Individuals should fight against nature and
society to achieve greatness.
B. Individual achievement, ;dignity, and worth
are of great importance.
C. Individual recognition impedes societal
progress.
D. Individuals play an insignificant role in
shaping ideas, society, and the state.
3 Who believed that in an ideal society the
government should be controlled by a class of
“philosopher kings”?
A. Muhammad.
B. Plato.
C. Lao Tzu.
D. Thomas Aquinas.
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OUHSD WORLD CIVILIZATIONS CALIFORNIA STANDARDS BENCHMARK 1 TEST—2009-10
ROOTS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEMOCRACY
Use the chart above to answer question 6.
6
Which form of government does not involve
rule by a group?
A. Monarchy.
B. Aristocracy.
C. Oligarchy.
D. Democracy.
7
What was the international effect of the
ratification of the U.S. Constitution?
A. It abolished slavery throughout the world.
B. It made the idea of governing through a
single written constitution popular.
C. It ended the monarchy in England.
D. It caused all nations to establish state
religions.
8
Use the following information to answer question 9.
From the Constitution of Japan
We, the Japanese people, acting through our
duly elected representatives in the National Diet,
determined that we shall secure for ourselves
and our posterity the fruits of peaceful
cooperation with all nations and the blessings of
liberty throughout this land. . .
9
Which of these is a source for the ideas outlined
in the Japanese Constitution?
A. Charter of the United Nations.
B. Legal writings of Thomas Hobbes.
C. Writings on constitutions by Voltaire.
D. United States Constitution.
10 What legacy has the U.S. Constitution had in
What document from the American Revolution
is the most imitated and most used in other
national constitutions?
A. The Declaration of Independence.
B. The Federalist Papers.
C. The Articles of Confederacy.
D. The U.S. Bill of Rights.
most foreign countries?
A. It provided a model for the establishment of
a government by written law which is
accepted by most nations.
B. It provided a model of separation of Church
and State which is practiced by virtually
every nation in the world today.
C. It provides a model for the separation of
powers which is imitated by most nations.
D. It helped to abolish monarchy and
dictatorship in virtually all the nations of the
world.
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OUHSD WORLD CIVILIZATIONS CALIFORNIA STANDARDS BENCHMARK 1 TEST—2009-10
ROOTS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEMOCRACY
11 When a country’s constitution requires the
*16
branches of government to remain independent
of each other, it is adhering to the constitutional
principle of
A. popular sovereignty.
B. separation of powers.
C. federalism.
D. direct democracy.
. . . all men are by nature equally free and independent,
and have certain inherent rights, of which when they enter
into a state of society, they cannot, by any compact,
deprive or divest their posterity; namely, the enjoyment of
life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing
property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.
—Virginia Declaration of Rights, 1776
12 The ideas of Locke and Rousseau influenced
Simon Bolivar and Jose De San Martin in their
commitment to
A. maintain the peaceful rule of the Spanish
king.
B. urge the Venezuelan government to separate
into three branches.
C. negotiate a social contract between Spain
and Latin America.
D. fight for democratic revolution in Latin
America.
Which philosopher’s ideas were the basis for this
quotation from the Virginia Declaration of Rights?
A. Charles-Louis Montesquieu
B. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
C. John Locke
D. Voltaire
17 The term "unalienable rights" in the American
Declaration of Independence refers to rights
that
A. immigrants do not possess.
B. are guaranteed by written law.
C. a government cannot take away.
D. a government grants its people.
*13 In which of the following documents is the
principle of limitation of governmental power
first stated?
A. Magna Carta.
B. Declaration of Independence.
C. English Bill of Rights.
D. French Declaration of the Rights of Man and
the Citizen.
18 In English history, the Magna Carta (1215), the
Petition of Right (1628), and the Bill of Rights
(1689), all reinforced the concept of
A. universal suffrage.
B. religious toleration.
C. a limited monarchy.
D. a laissez-faire economy.
14 The philosophes used reason to address
A.
B.
C.
D.
British taxes.
social issues.
abusive rulers.
all of the above.
19 Both, the United States Declaration of
Independence and the French Declaration of
the Rights of Man emphasized the idea that
governments must
A. guarantee economic prosperity.
B. protect the rights of people.
C. support established religious beliefs.
D. operate on a system of checks and balance
15 The English philosopher John Locke argued
that life, liberty and property are
A. natural rights that should be protected by
government.
B. political rights to be granted as determined
by law.
C. economic rights earned in a capitalistic
system.
D. social rights guaranteed by the ruling class.
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OUHSD WORLD CIVILIZATIONS CALIFORNIA STANDARDS BENCHMARK 1 TEST—2009-10
ROOTS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEMOCRACY
20 The success of the formation of the United
26 Which of these first demonstrated that popular
States government after the American
Revolution served as an example to the peoples
of Europe that
A. it was possible to setup a government based
upon Enlightenment principles.
B. the social distinction between the nobility
and peasants was invalid and unnecessary.
C. building a nation on the concept of
economic opportunity can be successful.
D. all of the above.
protest would play a role in the French
Revolution?
A. The reign of the Committee of Public
Safety.
B. The trial of Louis XIV.
C. The fall of the Bastille.
D. The Civil Constitution of the Clergy.
27 How did the Napoleonic Code reflect
Enlightenment principles?
A. It guaranteed the equality of all citizens
before the law.
B. It guaranteed women equal rights.
C. It valued individuals above all else.
D. It valued the security of the state over
individual liberty.
21 Unlike the French Revolution, the American
Revolution produced
A. women’s suffrage.
B. short-term military rule.
C. strategic alliances.
D. a lasting constitution.
28 Which two forces were most powerful in 19th
22 The principles of the American Revolution and
century Western Europe?
A. Fascism and socialism.
B. Classicism and humanism.
C. Nationalism and liberalism.
D. Absolutism and mercantilism.
the French Revolution are similar in many
ways. Which of the following best summarizes
their similarities?
A. Both favored representative government.
B. Both limited voting rights to an economic
elite.
C. Both retained certain hereditary rights for
aristocrats.
D. Both supported equal rights for women.
29 The best example of the success of nationalism
in Europe is the
A. establishment of the Common Market.
B. Industrial Revolution in Great Britain.
C. unification of Italy and Germany.
D. development of socialism in France.
23 Among the causes of the French Revolution was
the
A.
B.
C.
D.
excessive spending of King Louis XVI.
rise of the National Assembly.
Reign of Terror.
loss of the Old Regime.
24 In Pre-Revolutionary France, estates were
A.
B.
C.
D.
homes of noble men.
social classes.
systems of taxation.
clubs for radicals.
25 When members of the Third Estate took the
Tennis Court Oath (1789) at the start of the
French Revolution, they were attempting to
A. establish a military government.
B. draft a new national constitution.
C. restore the king to power.
D. persuade Napoleon to gain power.
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OUHSD WORLD CIVILIZATIONS CALIFORNIA STANDARDS BENCHMARK 1 TEST—2009-10
ROOTS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEMOCRACY
Benchmark 1 Test—ANSWER KEY
QUESTION #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
STANDARD
10-1 (1)
10-1 (1)
10-1 (2)
10-1 (2)
10-1 (2)
10-1 (2) Chart
10-1 (3)
10-1 (3)
10-1 (3)
10-1 (3)
10-1 (3)
10-2 (1)
10-2 (2)
10-2 (1)
10-2 (1)
10-2 (1)
10-2 (2)
10-2 (2)
10-2 (2)
10-2 (3)
10-2 (3)
10-2 (3)
10-2 (4)
10-2 (4)
10-2 (4)
10-2 (4)
10-2 (5)
10-2 (5)
10-2 (5)
— 5 —
ANSWER
C
C
B
D
B
A
B
D
D
A
B
D
A
D
A
C
C
C
B
D
D
A
A
B
B
C
A
C
C
SOURCE