THE FIRST MOROCCO – KOREA BILATERAL SYMPOSIUM
ON POLYMERS, MATERIALS & NANO - TECHNOLOGY
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco
November 21 – 25, 2004
2004
Organized by:
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane
Hannam University, Korea
Centre National pour la Recherche
Scientifique et Technique (CNRST)
Korea Science & Engineering
Foundation (KOSEF)
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
THE FIRST MOROCCO – KOREA BILATERAL SYMPOSIUM
ON POLYMERS, MATERIALS & NANO - TECHNOLOGY
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco
November 21 – 25, 2004
2004
Main Topics
Nano-Technology, Nano-Photonics, Biopolymers, Structures & Properties of
Polymers and Materials
Organized by
Al Akhawayn University
in Ifrane
Hannam University, Korea
Centre National pour la
Recherche Scientifique et
Technique (CNRST)1
Korea Science &
Engineering Foundation
School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Ave. Hassan II, B.P. 104, Ifrane, Morocco.
http://www.aui.ma/MK-Symposium/index.htm
Note : Event organized by the support of the Ministry of Education and Research « Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur, de
la Formation des Cadres et de la Recherche Scientifique » by funds managed by the C.N.R.S.T
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Message from the Chairs
It is our pleasure to welcome you to participate in the 1st Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium
on Polymers, Materials and Nano-Technology (MKS 2004). This Symposium represents part of
the effort from both Morocco and Korea to share their experiences in working with polymers
and materials in science and technology. This year’s symposium concentrates on the area of
nano-photonics and nano-technology as well as biopolymers and structure property of polymers
and materials. Over thirty leading scientists from Korea and Morocco as well as guests from
Japan and France will give lectures on the state of the art of the subject areas, and the
symposium will focus on the identification of new research topics which will lead to further
cooperation between the two countries. It is also hoped that the symposium will provide
continuous bases for strong cooperative links in science and engineering research activities and
education for young scientists and students.
We hope that all participants have a great time throughout this symposium.
Zouheir Sekkat
Sunwoong Choi
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Guests of Honor
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Mr. Rachid Benmokhtar Benabdallah, President of Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane
Mr. Habib El Malki, Minister of National Education, Higher Education, Staff
Training and Scientific Research
M. Said Oulbacha, Secretary of State, minister of employment, social affairs and
solidarity.
Mr. Jayson Park, Ambassador of the Republic of Korea in Morocco
Mr. Noureddine Sefiani, Directeur des Affaires Asiatiques et de l’Océanie, Ministry
of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation
Mr. Jaafar Alj Hakim, Ambassador of His Majesty the King of Morocco in Republic
of Korea
Professor Abdellatif Benchrifa, President of Moulay Ismail Universty, Meknes
Professor Toufik Ouazzani, President of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes
Professor Saïd Belcadi, Directeur, Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et
Technique
Mr. Byung -Whan Ho, Director, Division of International Cooperation, Korea
Science and Engineering Foundation
Professor Driss Ouaouicha, Vice-President for Academic Affairs, Al Akhawayn
University in Ifrane
Professor Amine Bensaid, Dean of the School of Science & Engineering, Al
Akhawayn University in Ifrane
Conference Co-Chairs:
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Zouheir Sekkat, School of Science and Engineering , Al Akhawayn University in
Ifrane, Morocco
Sunwoong Choi, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hannam
University, Korea
Organizing Committee
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Hassane Darhmaoui - Chair (School of Science & Engineering, Al Akhawayn
University, Ifrane)
Mimouna Baïtoul (Faculté des Sciences Dhar Mehraz, Fes)
Mohammed Benaissa (CNRST, Rabat)
Abdellah Haddout (ENSEM, Casablanca)
Dong Keun Han (Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Kwang-Sup Lee (Hannam University, Korea)
Ahmed Legrouri (School of Science & Engineering, Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane)
Khalid Loudiyi (School of Science & Engineering, Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane)
Abdel-Karim Maaroufi (Université Mohammed V, Rabat)
Abdelilah NADIRI (Faculté des Sciences, Meknes)
Izeddine Zorkani (Faculté des Sciences Dhar Mehraz, Fes)
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Program
Sunday, November 21, 2004
Welcome Mixer / Registration
(18:00 - 20:00)
(VIP Room - AUI- Restaurant)
Monday, November 22, 2004
EEC, Library Building (2nd floor)
Opening Remarks
09:05 - 09:15
Invited Presentations
Nano-Technology & Nano-Photonics
Chair: Sunwoong Choi (Hannam University, Korea)
09:15 -09:45
In Jae Chung (Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, Korea)
The Dispersion of Singlewall Carbon Nanotubes in Various Solvents by
attaching Surfactants and Polymers
09:45 -10:15
Satoshi Kawata (Osaka University. & RIKEN, Japan)
Near Field and Non Linear Spectroscopy for Molecular Imaging in Nanometer
Resolution
10:15 -10:45
Zouheir Sekkat (Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane, Morocco)
Two-Photon Orientation of Isomers:Towards Applications in Nano-Photonics
10:45 - 11:15
Coffee Break
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Nano-Technology and Nano-Materials
Chair: Zouheir Sekkat (Al Akhawayn University,Ifrane, Morocco)
11:15 -11:45
Mohammed Benaissa (CNRST, Rabat, Morocco)
Optical, Structural and Electronic Nanoscale Characterization of p-type GaN
Thin Films
11:45 -12:15
Jean-Michel Nunzi (University of Angers, CNRS, France)
Physics and Technology of Nano-Structured Photovoltaic Polymer Solar Cells
12:15 -12:45
Changjin Lee (Korea Research Institute for Chemical Technology, Korea)
Molecular Scale Device Fabricated Using Aromatic Thiol Monolayer
Assembled in the Nano Via-hole Electrode
12:45 - 14:30
Photo Taking & Lunch
Structure-Property & Nano Materials
Chair: Kwang-Sup Lee (Hannam University, Korea)
15:00 -15:30 Kilwon Cho (Pohang University of Science and Technology, Korea)
Enhanced Field-Effect Mobility of Organic Thin Film Transistors by SurfaceMediated Molecular Ordering
15:30 -16:00
Mimouna Baïtoul (FS Dhar El Mehraz, Fes, Morocco)
Optical and vibrational properties of conducting polymers: effect of
conjugating lengths distribution
16:00 -16:30
Jong-Beom Baek (Chungbuk National University, Korea)
Surface Modification and Polymerization onto Carbon nanotubes
16:30 -17:00
Coffee Break and Poster session 1
Structure-Property and Nano- Materials
Chair: Mohammed Benaissa (CNRST, Rabat)
17:00 -17:30
Kwang-Sup Lee (Hannam University, Korea)
Efficient Two-Photon Absorbing Multibranched and Dendritic Materials
17:30 -18:00
Tatsuo Wada (RIKEN, Japan)
Chiral Phthalocyanine Supramolecular Structures
18:00 -18:30
Abdellatif Bouchelkha (FST, Mohammedia, Morocco)
Picosecond Time Response Measurements of an Octupolar Polymer
18:30 - 20:00
20:00 - 22:00
Break
Banquet (AUI Restaurant)
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Tuesday, November 23, 2004
EEC, Library Building (2nd floor)
Structure-Property and Nano-Technology
Chair: Kilwon Cho (Pohang University of Science and Technology, Korea)
08:30 -09:00
Ji Young Chang (Seoul National University, Korea)
Use of Thermally Reversible Reactions in the Organic Materials Synthesis
09:00 -09:30
Khalid Loudiyi (Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane, Morocco)
Induced order in Polystyrene Suspensions
09:30 -10:00
Yoshimasa Kawata (Shizuoka Univ., Japan)
Nano-Patterned Media for High Density Optical Data Storage
10:00 -10:30
Abdel-Karim Maaroufi (FS, Agdal, Rabat, Morocco)
Non Linear Electrical Resistivity of Polymeric Matrix Loaded with Nickel and
Cobalt Powders
10:30 - 11:00
Coffee Break and Poster session 1
Biopolymers and Nano-Technology
Chair: Anouar Jorio (FS Dhar El Mehraz, Fes, Morocco)
11:00 -11:30
Dong Keun Han (Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea)
Cartilage Regeneration Using Hydrophylic Porous Scaffolds
11:30 - 12:00 Izeddine Zorkani (FS Dhar El Mehraz, Fes, Morocco)
FIR Absorption in CdSe nano-crystallites embedded in a SiO matrix: Effect of
a magnetic field
12:00 -12:30 Jin Ho Lee (Hannam University, Korea)
PEG-Containing Polymer Films and Gels as Postoperative Tissue Adhesion
Barriers
12:30 - 14:00
14:00 - 19:00
Guided Campus Tour and Lunch
Excursion: Meknes
Free Time
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Wednesday, November 24, 2004
EEC, Library Building (2nd floor)
Nano-Technology and Nano-Photonics
Chair: Ji Young Chang (Seoul National University, Korea)
08:30 -09:00
Hwan Kyu Kim (Hannam University, Korea)
Lanthanide-cored Supramolecular Materials With Highly efficient LightHarvesting ans Site-isolation Effects For Advanced Photonics.
09:00 -09:30
Ali AHAITOUF (FST, EE Dept. Fes)
Room temperature Photoluminescence, Electroluminescence and Infrared
spectroscopy, three techniques for material and electronic devices
characterizations.
09:30 -10:00
Abdellah Rezzouk (FS Dhar El Mehraz, Fes, Morocco)
C MAS NMR investigation of two-dimensional polymerized C60 using
paramagnetic O2 as a chemical shift agent.
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10:00 -10:30
Hassane Darhmaoui (Al Akhawayn University,Ifrane, Morocco)
Correlation Between the Nanoscopic Phase Separation and other Physical
Properties of YBCO and TlBCCO Superconducting Thin films
10:30 - 11:00
Coffee Break and Poster session 2
Structure-Property and Nano-Technology
Chair: Changjin Lee (Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
11:00 -11:30
Abdelilah Nadiri (FS Meknes, Morocco)
New formulations of glass based on Moroccan natural phosphate
11:30 -12:00
Yasushi Inouye (Osaka University, Japan)
Near Field Vibrational Spectroscopy for Molecular Nano-Imaging
12:00 -12:30 Anouar Jorio (FS Dhar El Mehraz, Fes, Morocco)
Effect of Intrinsic Defects on the Mobility of the Gallium Arsenide Grown by
Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
12:30 - 14:00
14:00 - 19:00
Guided Campus Tour and Lunch
Excursion: Ancient City of Fes (Fes-Medina)
Free Time
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Thursday, November 25, 2004
EEC, Library Building (2nd floor)
Structure-Property
Chair: Hassane Darhmaoui (Al Akhawayn University,Ifrane, Morocco)
08:30 -09:00 Ahmed Legrouri (Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane, Morocco)
Promising Materials for Water Purification
09:00 -09:30 Soo-Jin Park (Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technologhy, Korea)
Filler-Elastomer Interactions: Interfacial Adhesion of Silicas/Rubber
Compoundings
09:30 -10:00 Azzeddine El Midaou (FS, Kenitra, Morocco)
Polymeric Membranes: Synthesis and Application in Water Treatments
10:00 - 10:30
Coffee Break and Poster session 2
Structure-Property
Chair: Khalid Loudiyi (Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane, Morocco.)
10:30 -11:00 Sunwoong Choi (Hannam Universtiy, Korea)
Stable Creep Crack Growth in Polymers
11:00 -11:30 Mohamed Hamdoune (FS Dhar El Mehraz, Fes, Morocco)
Exchange coupling and surface effects on critical behaviour of magnetic
nanostructure
11:30 -12:00 Hyun Hoon Song (Hannam Universtiy, Korea.)
Evolution of Structure and Preperties of Melt-Quenched Partially
Oriented PET Yarns upon Heat Treatment
12:00 -12:30
Closing Remarks
Poster Presentations
Poster Session 1 – Polymers and Nano - Technology
New Fluorinated Acrylic Copolymers with Cyano Compounds for Dielectric Material:
Synthesis and Characterization
Mustapha Raihane (FST, Marrakech)
Nanocomposite by Insitu Polymerization of Teraethoxysilane in Polyimide Polymer: Effect of
the Coupling Agent in the Microstructure and Interfacial Interaction
Hamid Kaddami (FST, Marrakech)
Organometallic Synthesis of Co-Polymers Based On Thiophene and Phenylene. A Route to
Organic Conjugated Polymers with Improved Physical Properties
Mohamed Bouachrine (FST, Errachidia)
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Density Functional Theory Study of Oligo-Para-Phenylenes in Their Neutral, Polaronic and
Bipolaronic States
Mohamed Bouachrine (FST, Errachidia)
Tetrakis(Phenylethynyl)Tin (Iv); A Versatile Catalyst For The Preparation Of Synthetic
Biopolymers
Mohammed Lahcini (FST, Marrakech)
Modeling and Simulation in Piezopolymers and Piezolaminated Active Structures Containing
Piezoelectric Polymers
Miloud Rahmoune (FST Errachidia)
Poster Session 2 –Structure-Property of Materials
Electrical and EPR Studies of Alkali-Molybdophosphate Glasses
Lahcen Bih, Abdelilah Nadiri, Youssef El Amraoui (FST Errachidia)
Study of the Thermal Behavior of Strained Inas/Gaas Quantum Dots by Photoluminescence
Technique
Adil Chahboun (FS, Fes)
Properties of Sm2-xCexCuo4-Δ Superconducting Thin Films Grown by MBE
M.Boujida (FST, Fes)
Elaboration of Grafted Celluloses as Ion Exchangers from Natural Materials Application to the
Adsorption of Dyes
Sabah Elbariji (FS, Agadir)
Resistance to Compression of the Mixing Cement with Fine Sand
ElHassan Gourri (FS, Agadir)
Materials and Solar Photovoltaic Cells
Khalida Zazi (CNRST, Rabat)
Synthesis of new sensors gaz: nanosized materials based of ceria
Khalid .Ouzaouit (FS, Agadir)
Flux Flow and Noise Power Spectral Density in Thin Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7- Films
Abdelaziz Labdag (FS, Agadir)
Analysis of the 1/f Noise in the High-Tc Superconducting Thin Films
Abdelilah NADIRI (FS, Agadir)
Irreversibility Magnetic Field and the Critical Current Density of an YBa2Cu3O7- Single
Crystal
Abdelaziz Ramzi (FS, Agadir)
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
INVITED PRESENTATIONS
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
The Dispersion of Singlewall Carbon Nanotubes in Various Solvents by
attaching Surfactants and Polymers
Hyeong Taek Ham, Yeong Suk Choi, Mu Guen Chee, and In Jae Chung*
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST (Korea Advanced
Institute of Science and Technology)
373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea, 305-701
Physical adsorption of polymers or surfactants on the sidewall of SWNTs and chemical
modification of SWNTs were developed to make singlewall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs)
soluble. Physical adsorption of polymers not only keeps the SWNT sidewall intact, but has the
chance to make SWNTs/polymer composites in the application. The purpose of this work is 1)
to make long SWNTs soluble in various organic solvents and water without covalent bonding
between polymer and SWNTs keeping SWNTs intact, and 2) to induce polymerization around
the SWNTs inside the micelle surrounded by surfactants in order to make SWNTs soluble in
organic solvents. Dispersions of single-walled carbon nanotubes in various solvents and
aqueous surfactant emulsions were investigated to correlate the degree of dispersion states with
Hansen solubility parameters (dt2= dd2+ dp2 + dh2). SWNTs were dispersed or suspended very well
in the solvents with certain dispersive component (dd) values. They were precipitated in the
solvents with high polar component (dp) values or hydrogen bonding component (dh) values. In
case of polymerization, crosslinking agent was used with monomer to fix the polymer to the
sidewall of SWNTs. After polymerization, singlewall carbon nanotubes enveloped by dewshaped polystyrene molecules were prepared by in situ miniemulsion polymerization of
styrene. They were dispersed in water in the existence of surfactants, which were used during
the polymerization. After surfactants were removed, they were soluble up to 5 wt % in a good
solvent of polystyrene, and showed no precipitation for 700 hrs. Because the crosslinking
reaction was occurred during polymerization, polystyrene was not separated from SWNTs. The
different structure of dew-shaped polystyrene attached to nanotubes affected the
conductivity difference.
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
In Jae Chung
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST
Education:
1976-1977 Post. Doc., University of Tennessee, USA
1972-1976 Ph.D. Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, USA
1969-1972 M.S. Chemical Engineering, Tennessee Technoloical University, USA
1961-1968 B.S. Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, South Korea
Experience:
1977-Present Professor, KAIST, South Korea
2001-Present Member of the Korean Academy of Science and Technology
1999-2002 Chief editor of the Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers, South Korea
1989-1991 Chief editor of the Korean Society of Rheology, South Korea
1985-1986 Visiting Scientist, University of Akron, USA
Recent Representative Publications:
1. Effect of monomers on the basal spacing of sodium montmorillonite and the structures of
polymer-clay nanocomposites, Chemistry of materials, Vol 16, 2522, 2004
2. An explanation of silicate exfoliation in polyacrylonitrile/silicate nanocomposites prepared
by in situ polymerization using an initiator absorbed on silicate, Polymer, Vol 45, 3827, 2004
3. Physical properties of polyethylene/silicate nanocomposite blown films, J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
Vol. 89, 2131, 2003
4. Study on morphology evolution, orientational behavior, and anisotropic phase formation of
highly filled polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites, Macromolecules, Vol 36, 2748, 2003
5. Polymer/silicate nanocomposites synthesized with potassium persulfate at room temperature:
polymerization mechanism, characterization, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites,
Polymer, Yol 44, 8147, 2003
6. Synthesis of exfoliated polyacrylonitrile/Na-MMT nanocomposites via emulsion
polymerization, Chemistry of materials, Vol 14, 2936, 2002
7. Deformation behavior of polyethylene/silicate nanocomposites as studied by real-time wideangle X-ray scattering, Macromolecules, Vol 35, 5529, 2002
8. Morphology evolution and anisotropic phase formation of the maleated polyethylene-layered
silicate nanocomposites, Macromolecules, Vol 35, 5116, 2002
9. The effect of chain length of flexible diacid on morphology and mechanical property of
modified phenolic resin, Polymer, Vol. 109, 89, 2002
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Near-field and nonlinear spectroscopy for molecular imaging
in nanometer resolution
Satoshi Kawata
*Osaka University, RIKEN
*2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
email: skawata@skawata.com
An optical microscope to see nano structure with nanometer resolution beyond the
diffraction limit has been a dream of scientists. A nano-sized metallic probe is now successfully
used to generate a nano light source [1,2]. Owing to excitation of local plasmon polaritons, the
optical field is strongly enhanced at the proximity of the probe tip. This plasmonic nano light
source locally excites Raman scattering of molecules to bring the information on molecular
species and their conformation [3,4]. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), one of
nonlinear Raman scatterings which provides the same chemical information as the spontaneous
Raman scattering [5], is also induced in the nano spot by using two pulsed lasers [6,7]. A DNA
network structure has been visualized at a specific vibrational frequency of adenine bases.
Although the wavelengths of the lasers are about 800 nm, the achieved spatial resolution is ~15
nm. This super resolution is made not only by the plasmonic near-field probe but also the
nonlinear property of CARS. Three distinct effects have been found as near field effects in the
experimental results and molecular orbital calculations: electromagnetic effect due to the
plasmon polariton excitation by the metallic probe tip, chemical effect due to charge transfer
and spectral shift due to the formation of metal-molecule complex, and mechanical effect due
to the tip force (pressure) exerted on the complex [8]. These unique effects can give us
additional information of molecules near the probe tip and hopefully provides the spatial
resolution for DNA sequencing.
References
[1] Y. Inouye and S. Kawata, Opt. Lett. 19, 159 (1994).
[2] S. Kawata (Eds.), Near Field Optics and Surface Plasmon Polariton, Springer-Verlag (2001).
[3] N. Hayazawa, Y. Inouye, Z. Sekkat, and S. Kawata, Opt. Commun. 183, 333 (2000).
[4] N. Hayazawa, T. Yano, H. Watanabe, Y. Inouye, and S. Kawata, Chem. Phys. Lett. 376, 174 (2003)
[5] M. Hashimoto, T. Araki, and S. Kawata, Opt. Lett. 25, 1768 (2000).
[6] N. Hayazawa, T. Ichimura, M. Hashimoto, Y. Inouye, and S. Kawata, J. Appl. Phys. 95, 2676
(2004).
[7] T. Ichimura, N. Hayazawa, M. Hashimoto, Y. Inouye, and S. Kawata, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 220801
(2004).
[8] H. Watanabe, Y. Ishida, N. Hayazawa, Y. Inouye, and S. Kawata, Phys. Rev. B 69, 155418 (2004).
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Satoshi Kawata
Affiliation:
Osaka University and RIKEN
Education:
1979 Ph. D. in Applied Physics, Osaka University, Japan
1976 M.S. in Applied Physics, Osaka University, Japan
1974 B.S. in Applied Physics, Osaka University, Japan
Experience
present
Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University
Chief Scientist, RIKEN
Joint Professor, Al Akhawayne University, Ifrane, Morrocco,
Joint Professor, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing
Project Leader, CREST Nonlinear Nanophotonics project, Japan Science and Technology
Corporation(CREST)
Chairman, Nanophoton Corp.,
2002-2004 Professor, Department of Information and physical science
2001-2004 Director, Handai Frontier Research Center (FRC)
1997-2002 Project Leader of "Photonic Bio-medical Sensing & Control" Project, Japan
Society for the Promotion of Science
1997-2000 Project Leader of "Near-field Nano-optics" Project, Ministry of Education
1996-1997 Chairman, Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University
1993 Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University
1992 Associate professor, Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University
1981
Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University
1979
Research Associate, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of
California, Irvine
1979 Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Recent Representative Publications
1. Taro Ichimura, Norihiko Hayazawa, Mamoru Hashimoto, Yasushi Inouye, and
Satoshi Kawata, “Tip-Enhanced Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering for Vibrational
Nanoimaging,” Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 92, No. 22, pp. 220801-1 – 220801-4 (2004).
2. Hiroyuki Watanabe, Yasuhito Ishida, Norihiko Hayazawa, Yasushi Inouye, and Satoshi
Kawata, “Tip-enhanced near-field Raman analysis of tip-pressurized adenine molecule,” Phys.
Rev. B, Vol. 69, pp. 155418-1-155418-11 (2004).
3. Hong-Bo Sun, Toru Suwa, Kenji Takada, Moon-Soo Kim, Kwang-Sup Lee and Satoshi
Kawata, “Fidelitible two-photon laser writing of 3D photonic lattices,” Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol.
84, (2004).
4. Makoto Maeda, Hidekazu Ishitobi, Zouheir Sekkat and Satoshi Kawata,“Polarization storage
by nonlinear orientational hole burning in azo dye-containing polymer films,” Appl. Phys.
Lett., Vol. 85, No. 3, pp. 351-353.(2004).
5. S. Kawata, H-B. Sun , T. Tanaka, and K. Takada, "Finer features for functional
microdevices,"Nature, Vol.412, No.6848, pp.697-698 (2001).
15
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Isomeric Orientation by Two-Photon Excitation: Towards Applications in
Nano-Photonics
Zouheir Sekkat
School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco
Handai Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
Sub-glass transition temperature optical ordering of molecules in polymers does not require
heating and allows for the drawing of patterns of oriented molecules with potential application
in three-dimensional (3D) nano-photonics; e.g. 3D orientation patterning by two-photon
absorption (TPA). TPA provides a tool for activating physico-chemical reactions with high
spatial resolution, in some cases up to 120 nm. In this presentation I will show that TPA creates
molecular orientation of photoisomers in thin polymer films, and I will discuss its possible
application in 3D orientation storage. It will be shown that both the cis and trans isomers of a
diarylethene derivative are oriented by two-photon excitation in films of poly-methyllethacrylate (PMMA), and that an azo dye molecule, e.g. disperse red one (DR1), is
orientationally bleached in PMMA by polarized two-photon excitation at a fundamental of 760
nm to yield anisotropic refractive index contrast in a polarization confocal microscope.
Polarization sensitive microscope images of a film of PMMA doped with DR1
excited by a linearly polarized infra-red Ti-Sapphire Laser (wavelength 760 nm)
and read by a red laser (He-Ne, Wavelength 633 nm) linearly polarized in a
reflection confocal. In (a), the polarizations of the pump and probe lasers are
parallel to each other, and in (b) they are mutually perpendicular. The written bits
are due a two-photon polarized bleaching of the azo dye. The ratio of the parallel
to the perpendicular reflected intensities is ~ 2.5; a feature which is consistent
with two-photon orientational hole burning.
References:
Maeda M, Ishitobi, H, Sekkat Z, Kawata S, "Polarization Storage by Nonlinear orientational
Hole Burning in Azo Dye Containing Polymer Films" Appl.Phys. Lett. 58, 251-254, July 19,
2004; Sekkat Z, "Isomeric orientation by two-photon excitation: a theoretical study" OPT
COMMUN 229 (1-6): 291-303 JAN 2 2004; Sekkat Z, Ishitobi H, Kawata S, "Two-photon
isomerization and orientation of photoisomers in thin films of polymer" OPT COMMUN 222
(1-6): 269-276 JUL 1 2003.
16
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Zouheir Sekkat
Affiliation:
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco & Osaka University, Japan.
Education:
1998 Habilitation in Physics at Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
1996 Doctorat d’Etat in Physics at Université de Fez-Atlas, Morocco.
1992 Ph.D. in Physics at Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
1989 M.S. in Physics at Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
1988 B.S. in Physics at Université de Fez-Atlas, Fez, Morocco.
Experience:
10/04-date President, Moroccan Association of Nano-Technology.
4/02-date Professor, Handai-FRC, Osaka University, Japan.
1/01-date Associate Professor, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane.
1/00-date Optics Communications, Advisory Editorial Board.
9/99-3/02 Associate Professor, Dep. Appl. Phys. Osaka Univ., Japan.
9/99-12/01 Assistant Professor, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane.
10/97-7/99 Senior Scientist, Dep. Appl. Phys. Osaka Univ., Japan.
1/96-9/97 Postdoctoral Researcher, ECE-UC-Davis & CPIMA: Stanford
Univ. & IBM-Almaden & UC-Davis; USA.
8/93-1/96 Postdoctoral Researcher, Max-Planck Institute for Polymer
Research, Mainz, Germany.
Recent Representative Publications:
1. Maeda M, Ishitobi, H, Sekkat Z, Kawata S, "Polarization Storage by Nonlinear orientational
Hole Burning in Azo Dye Containing Polymer Films" Appl.Phys. Lett. 58, 251-254, July 19,
2004.
2. Sekkat Z, "Isomeric orientation by two-photon excitation: a theoretical study" OPT
COMMUN 229 (1-6): 291-303 JAN 2 2004
3. Sekkat Z, Ishitobi H, Kawata S, "Two-photon isomerization and orientation of photoisomers
in thin films of polymer" OPT COMMUN 222 (1-6): 269-276 JUL 1 2003
4. Hayazawa N, Inouye Y, Sekkat Z, Kawata S, "Near-field Raman imaging of organic
molecules by an apertureless metallic probe scanning optical microscope" J CHEM PHYS 117
(3): 1296-1301 JUL 15 2002
17
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Optical, Structural and Electronic Nanoscale-Characterization of p-type
GaN Thin Films
Mohammed BENAISSA*
Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique, Rabat, Morocco
High resolution electron microscopy (HREM) is a powerful tool for nano-sized materials
characterization. Indeed, HREM offers the possibility to exactly locate the information in the
real space, which very much helps resolving structural and chemical matters at a pertinent
scale. When combined to cathodoluminescence (CL), X-ray energy-dispersive (EDX)
spectroscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), optical, chemical and electronic
properties are also determined at the nano-object scale. In the present paper, nanometric-studies
on Mg-doped GaN thin films will be presented.
Let however give a brief recall of the problem. GaN-based semiconductors have become
a very active area of research ever since their successful use in the fabrication of blue laser
diodes. The ability to control the charge carrier concentration through doping is still considered
as the key issue for a wide and novel applications. Currently, p-type GaN with room
temperature free hole concentrations of about 1017-1018 cm-3 is routinely obtained using
metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) growth technique. Despite its very large acceptor
binding energy (around 160 meV), Mg is still the dopant of choice to achieve such a
performance although a complete understanding of the optical and electrical behavior of the
resulting compound (GaN:Mg) is still subject to vivid discussions. Particularly the origin of the
2.8-2.9 eV blue emission detected in most heavily Mg doped samples.
It will be shown that the combination of high resolution imaging with CL, EDX and
EELS were ideally suited to locally investigate optical, structural, chemical and electronic
properties of the thin films. Indeed, the presence of pyramidal defects (of few nanometers
width) within the films were found to be at the origin of the blue emission at 2.8-2.9 eV.
Acknowledgements:
 This work has been supported in part by the CNRST-CNRS Convention.
 P.Vennéguès, B.Beaumont, and P.Gibart from CRHEA-CNRS, and M.Albrecht from University of Erlangen
are highly acknowledged for a fruitful collaboration
* email: benaissa@cnr.ac.ma
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Mohammed BENAISSA
Affiliation:
Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CNRST)
Education:
2003: Habilitation Universitaire, Univ. Mohammed V, Rabat
1994: Ph.D. Solid State Physics, Louis Pasteur University- France
1990: DEA (Master’s) Solid State Physics, Univ. Blaise Pascal – France
Experience:
since 02 Enseignant Chercheur – CNRST - Morocco
99 - 01 Chercheur Associé – CNRS - France
97
Post-Doc., LBNL Berkeley - USA
94 –99 Chercheur Titulaire – UNAM - Mexico
Recent Representative Publications:
1. "Pyramidal defects in metalorganic vapor phase epitaxial Mg doped GaN, Applied Physics
Letters, vol.77, p. 880 (2000)
2. "Electron energy-loss spectroscopy characterization of pyramidal defects in metalorganic
vapor-phase epitaxy Mg-doped GaN thins films", Applied Physics Letters, vol. 77, p. 2115
(2000)
3. "Structural change induced at an atomic scale by equilibrium sulfur segregation in tilt
germanium Grain-Boundaries ", Philosophical Magazine B, Vol. 81, p. 1821 (2001)
4. "The atomic structure of Σ=33{144}<011>(θ=20.05°) tilt grain boundary in germanium",
Scripta Materialia, vol. 45, pp. 1171-1176 (2001)
5. "Structural Defects and Relation with Optoelectronic Properties in Highly Mg-Doped GaN",
phys. stat. sol. (a) 192, No. 2, p. 394 (2002)
6. "Influence of high Mg doping on the microstructural and optoelectronic properties of p-type
GaN", Mat. Sci. Eng. B93, p.224 (2002).
7. Atomic structure of pyramidal defects in Mg-doped GaN, Physical Review B, 68, 235214
(2003)
19
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Physics and Technology of Nano-Structured Photovoltaic Polymer Solar
Cells
Jean-Michel NUNZI
POMA-CNRS, University of Angers, France
Plastic solar cells are a rapidly developing field in a high societal impact research field.
Reaching a 10% solar efficiency threshold is a cutting edge topic at the frontiers of polymer
chemistry, organic semiconductor physics and nano-technologies. We present the key
requirements to achieve realistic stability and efficiency objectives from a theoretical point of
view. We present some original physics characterization techniques which readily deliver the
key parameters relevant to efficient solar cell materials. We then describe some solar cell
optimization strategies from a technological point of view with practical examples. We finally
present an original method which permits to identify the key parameters and limits of
practically realized organic solar cells from a simple theoretical modelisation of their
optoelectronic behaviour.
20
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Jean-Michel NUNZI
Affiliation:
POMA-CNRS, University of Angers, France
Education:
1999: Habilitation degree, Université Orsay Paris Sud, France
1990: PhD in Physics, Université P.M. Curie, Paris VI, France
1984: Doctorate thesis in Physics, Ecole Polytechnique, France
1982: Engineer degree, ESPCI, Paris, France.
1980: Master in theoretical physics, Université de Paris 6, France.
Experience:
2002 Committee member of COST P8 program.
Sept 2000 - date: Professor of Physics at Université d'Angers; Director of Technological
Research "Cellules Solaires Photovoltaiques Plastiques".
1998-2000: Associate professor of Physics at Université d'Angers.
1995-2000: Group Leader "Composants Organiques" CEA, France.
1990-1995: Projet Leader in NLO, "Comp. Org." Group, Saclay, France.
1984-1990: Permanent researcher, the group of J. Messier, CEA, France
Recent Representative Publications:
1. Quasi phase matched (2) gratings printed by all-optical poling in polymer films, Opt. Lett.
27(22), 2028-30 (2002).
2. Amplified Stimulated Emission from a Needle-like Single Crystal of an End-Capped
Fluorene/Phenylene co-oligomer, Adv. Mater. 15, 906-9 (2003)
3. Planarized Star-shaped Oligothiophenes as Organic Semi-Conductors for Efficient
Heterojunction Solar Cells, Adv. Mater. 15(22), 1939-1943 (2003)
4. Photo-induction of surface relief gratings during all-optical poling of polymer films, Opt.
Lett. 29(1) 98-100 (2004)
5. Efficient polymer-based Interpenetrated network photovoltaic cells, Appl. Phys Lett 84(12)
2178-80 (2004)
21
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Molecular Scale Device Fabricated Using Aromatic Thiol Monolayer
Assembled in the Nano Via-hole Electrode
Changjin Lee*, 1, Yongku Kang1, Kyungja Seo1, Youn Mi Shin1,
Jinhee Kim2, Hei Mi Soh2, Hoyoung Lee3, Dohyun Kim3, 4 and Chung Keun Song4
Advanced Materials Div, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; 2 Electron Devices
Lab., Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science; 3 Future Technology Div., Electronics and
Telecommunication Research Institute, Yusung Daejeon, Korea; 4 Dept. of Electrical, Electronics and
Computer Eng., Dong-A University, Pusan, Korea
1
*e-mail: cjlee@krict.re.kr
The successful demonstration1 of electron transport through a single molecule has brought high
hope to the molecular scale electronics where molecules are tested as the electronic
components in microelectronic circuits such as wires, diodes and transistors. The advantage of
using molecules is the simplicity in fabrication as millions of molecules can be assembled in
one step by simply immersing the electrode into the solution containing the molecules. But
fabricating molecular devices from the monolayer was not a simple matter.
The naturally occurring defects and permeation of metal atom during the deposition of top
electrode were the main cause of the failure of devices. Reliable devices could be built using
the nanopore prepared from the SiNx membrane by e-beam lithography and RIE process. Thus,
reduction of defects in the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) could be achieved by confining
monolayer within nano-sized electrodes.
We found that nano via-hole could be also effectively used for the molecular scale devices2. The
nano via-hole device could be more easily integrated. The newly synthesized dimethyl
substituted phenylethynylene thiol was assembled in the nano via-hole electrode and i-V
characteristics were examined with the prepared devices. This compound showed some
improvement of device stability. The i-V measurement at various temperatures showed that
different tunneling mechanisms could be assigned depending on the temperature and bias
range. Most devices showed diode like characteristics and logic gate could be demonstrated
using these molecular diodes.
References
1. a) L. A. Bumm, J. J. Arnold, M. T. Cygan, T. D. Cunbar, T. P. Burgin, L. Jones II, D. L. Allara, J.
M. Tour, and P. S. Weiss: Science 271 (1996) 1705. b) M. A. Reed, C. Zhou, C. J. Miller, T. P.
Burgin, J. M. Tour: Science 278 (1997) 252.
2. a) D-H. Kim, C.-K. Song, Y. Kang, C. Lee, H. Lee, H. M. So and J. Kim, J. Kor. Phys. Soc., 2004,
45, 470-474. b) H.-M. So, J.-W. Park, D.-J. Won, W. S. Yun, Y. Kang, C. Lee, J.-J. Kim and
J. Kim, Jap. J. App. Phys., 2004, 43, 6503-6506.
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Changjin Lee
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Div., Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
Education:
1989 Ph.D. Chemistry, University of Minnesota, USA
1983 M.S. Chemistry, Seoul National Univ., Korea
1981 B.S. Chemistry, Seoul National Univ., Korea
Experience:
1991-present Principal Research Scientist, KRICT
1989-1991 Post-doctoral research fellow, The Univ. of Texas at Austin
Recent Representative Publications:
1.“Molecular wires and gold nanoparticles as molewares for the molecular scale electronics”,
C. Lee, Y. Kang, K. Lee, S. R. Kim, D.-J. Won, J. S. Noh, H.-K. Shin, C.-K. Song, Y.-S.
Kwon, H.-M. So, J. Kim, Cur. Appl. Phys., 2002, 2, 39-45.
2.“Imaging on a Vapor Deposited Film by Photopolymerization of a Rod-Like Molecule
Consisting of Two Diacetylenic Groups”, J. Y. Chang, K. Seo, H. J. Cho, C. J. Lee, C. Lee, Y.
Kang, and J. Kim, Macromolecular Research, 2002, 10, 204-208.
3.“Curing and optical properties of thin films prepared by vacuum deposition of acetylene
containing triphenylamines”, C. Lee, Y. Kang, S. H. Jung, J.-S. Kim, J. Lee, Opt. Mat., 2002,
21, 337-341.
4.“A Study of cross-linked PEO gel polymer electrolytes using bisphenol A ethoxylate
diacrylate: ionic conductivity and mechanical properties”, Y. Kang, K. Cheong, K.-A. Noh, C.
Lee, D.-Y. Seung, J. Power Soruces, 2003, 119-121, 432-437.
5.“Photochromic and fluorescence studies of spiropyran indoline derivatives in the presence of
acids”, H. kang, Y.-S. Lee, E. Kim, Y. Kang, D. W. Kim, C. Lee, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 2003,
406, 169-179.
6.“Doping of polyaniline by thermal acid/base exchange reaction”, Y. Kang, S. K. Kim, C. Lee,
Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2004, 24, 39-41.
7.“Porous Polyimide Films Prepared by Thermolysis of Porogens with Hyperbranched
Structure”, D. W. Kim, Y. Kang, M. Y. Jin, S. Seok, J. C. Won, C. Lee, J. Yi, J. Kim, J. Kang,
J. S. Shin, J. Appl. Polm. Sci., 2004, 93, 1711-1718.
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Enhanced Field-Effect Mobility of Organic Thin Film Transistors
by Surface-Mediated Molecular Ordering
Kilwon Cho
Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology,
Pohang, 790-784, Korea (kwcho@postech.ac.kr)
Abstract
With the aim of enhancing the field-effect mobility by promoting surface-mediated twodimensional molecular ordering in self-aligned regioregular poly (3-hexylthiophene), P3HT,
we have controlled the intermolecular interaction at the interface between P3HT and the
insulator substrate by using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) functionalized with various
groups (-NH2, -OH and -CH3). We clearly showed that, depending on the properties of the
substrate surface, the P3HT nanocrystals adopt two different orientations – parallel and
perpendicular to the insulator substrate – which have field-effect mobilities that differ by more
than a factor of 4, and that are as high as 0.28 cm2V-1s-1.
Introduction
Regioregular P3HT has recently been incorporated as the active material in field-effect
transistors (FET) in which a preferential supramolecular two-dimensional ordering of the
polymer chains with high regioregularity induces a high field-effect mobility of up to 0.1 cm2
V-1s-1, approaching that of single crystal oligothiophenes.1 Among the factors affecting fieldeffect mobility, the molecular ordering of nanocrystallites in thin films of regioregular P3HT
has been the most extensively investigated2. In order to enhance two-dimensional molecular
ordering, many groups have examined the outcomes of modifying the molecular parameters
(regioregularity, molecular weight and side-chain length) and processing conditions (solvent
power, film thickness, doping level and film forming method). Despite the resulting
improvements in the field-effect mobility of regioregular P3HT, little is yet known about how
the interface between regioregular P3HT and the insulator is stabilized and how the orientations
of P3HT chains at the interface can be optimized to obtain higher mobilities. Herein, we focus
on controlling the structural ordering that results from the intermolecular interactions at the
interface between regioregular P3HT and the insulator (SiOx) with the aim of enhancing the
two-dimensional molecular ordering of thin films of regioregular P3HT. We show in this paper
that there is a clear correlation between the field-effect mobility of regioregular P3HT and the
surface-mediated orientation (parallel and perpendicular) of P3HT chains with respect to the
insulator substrate.
Results and Discussion
We used a simple spin-casting method to fabricate regioregular P3HT thin films with a
thickness of about 70–80 nm. The resulting thin films were annealed at 240℃ (above the
melting temperature of P3HT) for 20 minutes and cooled down to room temperature in order to
increase the regularity of the backbone conformation. Surprisingly, two different chain
orientations (edge-on orientation and face-on orientation) of the nanocrystalline regioregular
P3HT domains with respect to the insulator substrates modified by SAMs were identified (Fig.
1). The two different orientations are evident from the different intensity distributions of the
(100) reflections due to the lamellar layer structure (16.4 Å) and the (010) reflections due to  interchain stacking (3.8 Å) through out-of-plane and in-plane geometric mode. The degree of
orientational anisotropy was found to depend strongly upon the surface characteristics of the
insulator substrate. In samples (P3HT_NH2 and P3HT_OH) on insulator substrates with
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
unshared electron pairs (-NH2 and -OH) the preferential orientation of the ordered domains was
found to be along the (100)-axis normal to the P3HT film and the (010)-axis in the plane of the
film. Particularly, the P3HT_NH2 film has a more perfectly perpendicular orientation with
respect to the insulator substrate than found in the P3HT_OH film. In contrast, most of the
crystallites in samples (P3HT_CH3) on insulator substrates without unshared electron pairs (CH3) are preferentially oriented along the (100)-axis in the plane and the (010)-axis normal to
the P3HT film.
Figure 1. Out-of-plane (a) and in-plane (b) grazing incidence angle X-ray diffraction
intensities as a function of the scattering angle 2θ for regioregular P3HT thin films crystallized
against insulator substrates modified with different SAMs. The insets show schematically the
crystallography of the nano-crystallite with respect to insulator substrate. ■ P3HT_NH2, □
P3HT_OH, ● P3HT_CH3.
This anisotropy in molecular ordering is clearly an important influence on the field-effect
mobility of P3HT thin film transistors, since this perpendicular orientation ensures that
delocalized intermolecular states are formed in the direction parallel to the insulator substrate,
which is the transport direction in the field-effect transistor.3 This ability to control the chain
orientation and crystalline order allows us to establish a direct correlation between the direction
of - stacking and the in-plane field-effect mobility.
In order to determine the relationship between molecular ordering and field-effect mobility,
the field-effect mobilities of regioregular P3HT were measured using a bottom-contact thin-film
field-effect transistor (FET) geometry. Table 1 shows the variation of the field-effect mobility
with annealing and with surface characteristics. It shows that the annealing process results in
field-effect mobilities (0.08–0.28 cm2V-1s-1) that are higher by more than a factor of 8 ~ 30 than
those of the as-prepared samples (0.01 cm2V-1s-1). For samples annealed under the same
conditions, the highest mobilities are observed for the P3HT_NH2 sample (0.28 cm2 V-1s-1).
Modified
insulator
-CH3
-NH2
Average mobility, µ
( cm2V-1s-1)
As-prepared
Annealed
0.01
0.08±0.01
0.01
0.28±0.02
Table 1. Mobility as obtained in the saturation regime from the regioregular P3HT FETs
according to the surface characteristics.
This surprising increase in the field-effect mobility is attributed to the perpendicular
orientation with respect to the insulator substrate (in the P3HT_NH2 case).
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Conclusions
We conclude that surface-mediated molecular ordering has a substantial effect on the
preferential orientations of the P3HT chains, and that this effect can be used to enhance the
field-effect mobility.
Acknowledgment. The authors would like to thank the National Research Laboratory Program
(Ministry of Science and Technology of Korea), the Ministry of Education of Korea for its support
through its BK21 Program, and the Pohang Acceleratory Laboratory for providing the synchrotron
radiation source at the 8C1 and 3C2 beam line used in this study.
References
[1] H. Sirringhaus, N. Tessler, R. H. Friend, Science, 280, 1741 (1998).
[2] H. Sirringhaus, P. J. Brown, R. H. Friend, M. M. Nielsen, K. Bechgaard, B. M. W. Langeveld-Voss,
A. J. H. Spiering, R. A. J. Janssen, E. W. Meijer, P. Herwig, D. M. de Leeuw, Nature, 401, 685 (1999).
[3] D. H. Kim, Y. D. Park, Y. S. Jang, H. C. Yang, K. Cho, Adv. Func. Mater., in press (2004).
26
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Kilwon Cho
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology
Education:
1986 Ph. D. in Polymer Science, University of Akron
1982 M. S. in Applied Chemistry, Seoul National University
1980 B. S. in Applied Chemistry, Seoul National University.
Experience:
1988- present Professor, Pohang University of Science and Technology
1993
Visiting Prof. Tokyo Institute of Technology
1987-1988 Visiting Scientist, IBM Research Center
1986-1987 Postdoctoral Fellow, Polymer Research Institute, University of Akron
Recent Representative Publications:
1. Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surface from a Supramolecular Organosilane with
Quadruple Hydrogen Bonding, J.Am.Chem.Soc, 126, 4796, 2004
2. Formation of Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Thin Films and Their Role in
Biomineralization, Chem. Mater. 16, 1740, 2004
3. Thermally Responsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Monolayer on Surface Characterization,
and Protein Interaction/Adsorption Studies. Polymer, 45, 3195, 2004
4. Incorporation and Release Behavior of Hydrophobic Drug in Functionalized Poly(D,Llactide)-block- Poly(ethylene oxide) Micelles. J.Contl. Release, 94, 323, 2004
5. Role of Bound Water and Hydrophobic Interaction in Phase Transition of Poly(Nisopropylacrylamide) Aqueous solution, Macromolecules, 36, 9929, 2003
6. Fabrication of a Stable Inorganic-organic Hybrid Multilayer film with Uniform and
dense Inorganic Nanoparticle Deposition, Chem. Commun., 2003, 966, 2003
7. Structure and Chain Orientation in Thin Films of Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymers,
Langmuir, 19, 7021, 2003
8. Switchable Tack in Side-chain Liquid Crystal Polymers, Macromolecules, 36, 2009, 2003
9. Effect of Substrate Surface Energy on Transcrystalline Growth and Its Effect on Interfacial
Adhesion of Semicrystalline Polymers, Macromolecules, 36, 7652, 2003
10. Pattern formation in Ultra Thin Films of Dimethylsiloxane-Acrylate Triblock Copolymer,
Macromolecules, 36, 8902, 2003
27
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
OPTICAL AND VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES OF POLY(PPHENYLENE VINYLENE) AND COMPOSITE: EFFECT OF
CONJUGATING LENGTHS DISTRIBUTION
M. Baïtoul 1, H. Aarab 1, 2 J. Wéry 2, S. Lefrant 2 and E. Faulques 2
1
Laboratoire de Physique du Solide,Groupe matériaux polymères, Faculté des Sciences Dhar el
mahraz, BP 1796 Atlas, 30000 Fes, Morocco
2
Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux et Nanostructures, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, BP
32229 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, Cedex 03, France
Conjugated polymers have become an important field of study due to the very special
properties of these materials. Besides having the desired mechanical properties of polymers, a
high electrical conductivity can be achieved after doping. Semiconducting polymers are also
efficient for use in optical devices such as light-emitting diodes (LED’s). Poly(pphenylenevinylene) (PPV) has become a very attractive polymer in this field because of its
electroluminescence and nonlinear optical properties. It has been shown that conjugating
lengths and their distribution in the polymer depend on the synthesis method and essentially on
the conversion conditions of the precursor polymer [1]. We present the effect of thermal and
photochemical conversion of the prepolymer on the optical, and vibrationnal properties of
poly(p-phenylene vinylene). Resonant Raman Scattering studies were used to obtain
informations on the distribution of the conjugation lengths in thermally and photochemically
converted films. In addition, in highly doped polymer, the stability and localization, on
different segments, of charged excitations (polarons) and (bipolarons) are explained by the
presence of short and long conjugated segments and disorder in the polymer [2]. The change of
effective conjugating length distribution has been also observed when we introduced singleWall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNT) in PPV. Significant changes in optical and vibrational
properties of PPV/ SWNT composites at different weight concentrations have been related to
the conjugated segments lengths shortening and the increase of disorder in the PPV [3]. In this
case, the photoluminescence occurs only if the charge carriers remain trapped on short
segments or migrate on longer segments without encountering the SWNT network. Indeed the
migration to the nanotubes prevents the radiative recombination of charges and increase the
probability of charge separation and therefore of the photocourant [3], [4].
[1] J. Wéry, B. Dulieu, J. Bullot, M. Baïtoul, P. Deniard, J-P Buisson
Polymer 40 (1999) 519-523
[2] M. Baïtoul, J. Wéry, S. Lefrant, E. Faulques, J-P. Buisson, and O. Chauvet
Physical Review B 68, 195203 (2003)
[3] H. Aarab, M. Baïtoul, J. Wéry, S. Lefrant, E. Faulques, J. L. Duvail and M. Hamedoun
to appear in Synthetic. Metals
[4] E. Mulazzi, R. Perego, H. Aarab, L. Mihut, S. Lefrant, E. Faulques and J. Wéry,
Physical Review B 70, 1 (2004)
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
BAITOUL Mimouna
Affiliation:
Département de Physique, Laboratoire de Physique du Solide Sidi Mohamed ben abdellah
University, Fès, Morocco
Education:
1999-Thèse d’état (PhD.) in collaboration with Nantes University (France)
1982-Doctorat de 3ème Cycle-spécialité chimie physique, Pau University(France)
1980-Master-Chimie -physique, Pau University (France)
Experience:
1982-1987 Maître-assistante à l'École Normale Supérieure de FES -Morocco
1987-1994 Maître-assistante à la Faculté des Sciences de FES - Morocco
1994-1998 Enseignant chercheur au laboratoire de Physique Cristalline
Institute of material of Nantes -France
Since 1999 Professeur de l’enseignement supérieur –Faculté des Sciences Fès
Recent Representative Publications:
Characterisation of photochemically converted Pol(para-phenylene vinylene)
J. Wéry, B. Dulieu, J. Bullot, M. Baïtoul, P. Deniard, J-P Buisson, Polymer 40 (1999) 519-523
Thermal conversion of PPV precursor: characterization at different stages of the process; J.
Wéry, B. Dulieu, M. Baïtoul, P. Paniez, G. Froyer and S. Lefrant
Synthetic Metals 101 (1999)194
In-situ Resonant Raman Spectroelectrochemical study of p-doped poly(p-phenylene vinylene) :
influence of the conversion; M. Baïtoul, J. Wéry, B. Dulieu, S. Lefrant, J.P. Buisson and M. Hamedoun,
Synthetic Metals 101 (1999)173
In-situ Resonant Raman and optical investigations of p-doped poly(p-phenylene vinylene); M.
Baïtoul, S. Lefrant, J.P. Buisson, J. Wéry, B. Dulieu, and M. Hamedoun, Polymer 41 (2000)
6955
Vibrational Analysis of polarons and bipolarons in p-doped Poly(p-phenylene vinylene)- Model
Compounds Approach; M. Baïtoul, J. Wéry, F. Ragot, S. Lefrant, and J-P. Buisson, Synthetic
Metals 119 (2001) 239
Evidence of electron-hole symmetry breaking in Poly(para-phenylene vinylene)
M. Baïtoul, J. Wéry, S. Lefrant, E. Faulques, J-P. Buisson, and O. Chauvet
Physical Review B 68, 195203 (2003)
29
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Surface Modification and Polymerization onto Carbon Nanotubes
Se-Jin Oh,1 Hwa-Jeong Lee,1 Dong-Ki Keum,1 Seung-Woo Lee,2 Soo-Young Park,2
Christopher B, Lyons,3 Loon-Seng Tan,4 and Jong-Beom Baek1*
1
School of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763 South
Korea (jbbaek@chungbuk.ac.kr)
2
Department of Polymer Science, Kyungbuk National University, Taegu, 702-701 South Korea
3
Southwestern Ohio Council for Higher Education (SOCHE)
4
Polymer Branch, US Air Force Research Lab (AFRL/MLBP), WPAFB, OH 45433-7750 USA
Functionalization onto electron deficient carbon nanotubes (CNTs, diameters: 10-20 and 100-200
nm) was accomplished via Friedel-Crafts acylation with various 4-substituted benzoic acids in
polyphosphoric acid (PPA)/phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) medium, which was non-destructive but
superior electrophilic substitution condition that we previously described.1 The progress of the reaction
was conveniently monitored with FT-IR spectroscopy following the growth of the keto-carbonyl band
around 1665 cm-1 associated with the product. In addition to scanning electron microscopic (SEM),
tunneling electron microscopic (TEM), UV-vis spectroscopic data, the combined results from the
elemental analysis (EA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) further suggested that aryl carbonyl
groups indeed covalently attached to the surface of CNTs. Based on TGA analysis, 38 wt% of
substituted benzoyl moieties was attached to the functionalized CNT (diameter: 100-200 nm).
Based on above model study, we extended our work on grafting onto CNTs via in-Situ
polycondensation of 3- and 4-phenoxybenzoic acid in the presence of various amounts (1-30 wt%) of
CNTs in PPA/P2O5 (4/1, w/w) medium to form poly(oxy-1,3-phenylenecarbonyl-1,4-phenylene, mPEK)
and poly(oxy-1,4-phenylenecarbonyl-1,4-phenylene, pPEK), respectively.2 The overall supportive
evidences based on the data from EA, TGA, FT-IR as well as SEM and TEM of the resulting materials
implicated that CNTs remained structurally intact under the reaction condition, which was relatively
high-shearing and high reaction temperature. It was also evident that mPEK and pPEK were grafted
onto the surface of CNT resulting in “hairy tube” under the reaction condition, since almost no
homopolymers were extracted out.3 The wide-angle x-ray diffraction result showed the growth of 3.35
Å peak characteristic of CNT that increased in intensity proportionately to the presence of CNT in the
sample and correlated well with the EA and TGA results. The conductivity of cast film (10 wt% CNT)
had 0.25 S/cm (bottom of film) and 0.30 S/cm (top of film), respectively.
References
(a) Baek, J.-B.; Lyons, C. B.; Tan, L.-S. J. Mater. Chem. 2004, 14, 2052; (b) Baek, J.-B.; Lyons, C. B.;
Tan, L.-S. Polym. Prepr. 2003, 44(1), 925.
2
(a) Baek, J.-B.; Lyons, C. B.; Tan, L.-S. Macromolecules 2004, 37, 8278; (b) Baek, J.-B.; B.; Tan, L.S. US Pat. Appl. 10/963 468 2004; (c) Baek, J.-B.; B.; Tan, L.-S. US Pat. Appl. 10/963 469 2004.
3
(a) Oh, S.-J.; Lee, H.-J.; Keum, D. K.; Lee, S.-W.; Park, S.-Y.; Lyons, C. B.; Tan, L.-S.; Baek, J. B.
Polym. Prepr. 2005, 46(1), xx; (b) Lee, H.-J.; Oh, S.-J.; Keum, D. K.; Tan, L.-S.; Baek, J. B. Polym.
Prepr. 2005, 46(1), xx; (c) Oh, S.-J.; Lee, H.-J.; Keum, D.-K.; Lee, S.-W.; Park, S.-Y.; Lyons, C. B.;
Tan, L.-S.; Baek, J.-B. Adv. Mater. 2004, submitted.
30
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Jong-Beom Baek
Affiliation:
School of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University
Education:
1998 Ph.D. Polymer Science, The University of Akron, USA
1993 M.S. Polymer Science, Kyungbuk National University, Korea
1991 B.S. Industrial Chemistry, Kyungbuk National University, Korea
Experience:
2003-present Assistant Professor, Chungbuk National University
1999-2003 Research Chemist, US Air Force Research Lab/UDRI, USA
1998-1999 Research Associate, Kent State University, USA.
1998-1998 Postdoc, Case Western Reserve University, USA
Recent Representative Publications:
1. Synthesis and Photoluminescence of Linear and Hyperbranched Polyethers Containing
Phenylquinoxaline Unit and Flexible Aliphatic Spacer, J. Polym. Sci., Part A; Polym. Chem.
2004, 42, 3587-3603
2. Covalent Modification of Vapor-Grown Carbon Nanotubes (VGCNF) via Friedel-Crafts
Acylation in Polyphosphoric Acid, J. Mater. Chem. 2004, 14, 2052-2056
3. Improved Syntheses of Poly(oxy-1.3-phenylenecarbonyl-1,4-phenylene) and Related
Poly(ether-ketones) Using Polyphosphoric Acid/P2O5 as Polymerization Medium, Polymer
2003, 44(15), 4135-4147
4. Poly(arylether amides) and poly(aryletherketone amides) via aromatic nucleophilic
substitution reactions of self-polymerizable AB and AB2 monomers, J. Polym. Sci., Part A:
Polym. Chem. 2003, 41(15), 2374-2389
5. Linear-Hyperbranched Copolymerization as a Tool to Modulate Thermal Properties and
Crystallinity of Poly(Ether-Ketones), Polymer 2003, 44(12), 3451-3459
6. Room-Temperature Free-Radical-Induced Polymerization of 1,1'-(Methylenedi-1,4Phenylene)bismaleimide via a Novel Diphenylquinoxaline-Containing Hyperbranched
Aromatic Polyamide, Macromolecules 2003, 36, 4385-4396
7. A New Hyperbranched Poly (arylrne-ether-ketone-imide): Synthesis, Chain-end
Functionalization, and Blending with a Bismaleimide, Macromolecules 2002, 35, 4951-
31
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Efficient Two-Photon Absorbing Multibranched and Dendritic Materials
Kwang-Sup Lee
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hannam Umversity, Daejeon 306-791, Korea
(kslee@hannam.ac.kr)
Nonlinear optical features of organic materials have been extensively studied for various
applications in optical and opto-electronic devices. One of the important nonlinear optical
features is two-photon absorption in which some molecules can absorb simultaneously two
photons, when irradiated by intense laser pulses. This makes an electronic transition from the
ground state to an excited state. The rate of TPA scales quadratically whereas the rate of onephoton absorption linearly increase with the intensity of the incident radiation. The rate also
depends upon the TPA cross-section (2) of the molecule. Therefore, the development of lasers
as well as organic materials with large TPA cross-sections (2) are a requirement for various
applications including two-photon fluorescence microscopy, three-dimensional optical storage,
three-dimensional fabrication, photodynamic therapy, and optical power limiting.
Several research groups have tried to understand structure-to-property relationship for the
design in organic materials possessing of large TPA cross-sections- They have obtained some
understanding concerning the enhancement of TPA cross-sections of organic chromophores.
They pointed out that substitution with symmetrical or asymmetrical donors and acceptors (D-D, A--A, D--A), increasing the conjugation length, changing donating abilities of electrondonors, and enhancing the co-planarity of  -center played an important role in the
enhancement of TPA cross-sections of organic chromophores. Based on these molecular design
concepts we prepared various new organic TPA molecules having phenylenevinylnene,
fluorene, phenylenecthynylene, thiophene, dithienothiophene (DTT) moieties as  -center.
Among them, DTT-based molecules showed highest TPA activities. This result indicates d1at
the planarity of  -center might be more crucial molecular factors than structural symmetry and
donor strength.
To expand the utility of TPA materials, the enhancement of TPA activity by the increase of the
chromophore number density is required. For this purpose, multi-branched molecules with
conjugated chain branches have been synthesized. In addition, most two-photon absorption
(TPA) compounds based on -conjugated double bond presented a problem of reduction in
TPA activities due to the quenching of fluorescences resulting from the formation of -complex
by the chromophore aggregation. This occurs both in solid state and in solutions of high
chromophore concentrations. To prevent the interaction with other chromophores in vicinity,
we prepared TPA dendrimers by attaching Frechet-type dendron on TPA chromophore center.
By the TPA-induced photopolymerization the resulting TPA chromophores, we have succeeded
to fabricate various nano and micro-devices. In this lecture, TPA activities evaluated by both
nonlinear transmission experiments and two-photon excited fluorescence measurements as well
as lithographic microfabrication data of above materials will be presented.
32
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Kwang-Sup Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Hannam University
Education:
1984. Ph.D. Polymer Chemistry, Freiburg University, Germany
1980. M.S. Polymer Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
1976. B.S. Chemistry, Hannam University, Taejon, Korea
Experience:
1992-present Professor, Hannam University
1998-1999 Visiting Professor, Naval Research Lab, USA
1990-1991 Visiting Scientist, SUNY at Buffalo, U.S.A.
1987-1992 Senior Research Scientist, KRICT, Taejon
1985-1986 Postdoc, Max-PIanck-Inst. for Polymer Research, Germany
Recent Representative Publications:
1. F. Kajzar, K.-S. Lee, A. K-Y. Jen, "Polymeric materials and their orientation techniques for
second-order nonlinear optics", Adv. Polym. Sci., 161, 5(2003)
2. H.-B. Sun, K. Takada, M.-S. Kim, K.-S. Lee, S. Kawata, "Scaling laws of voxels in twophoton photopolymerization nanofabrication", Appl. Phy. Lett, 83(6), 1104(2003)
3. J. W. Lee, J. Mun, C. S. Yoon, K.-S. Lee, J.-K. Park, "Novel polymer composites with high
optical gain based on psudo-photorefraction", Adv. Mater. 14(2), 144(2002)
4. O.-K. Kim, H.-Y. Woo, J.-K. Kim, W. B. Heuer, K.-S. Lee, C.-Y. Kim, "Bipolar behavior
revealed by D-pi-D chromophores bearing dithienothiophene (DTT) as pi-center in redox- and
LE properties", Chem. Phy. Lett, 364, 432(2002)
5. B.-K. So, K.-S. Lee, S.-M. Lee, M.-K. Lee, T.-K. Lim, "Synthesis and linear/nonlinear
optical properties of new polyamides with DANS chromophore and silphenylene groups, Opt.
Mater., 21(1), 87(2002)
6. O.-K. Kim, K.-S. Lee, Z. Huang, W. B. Heuer, C.S. Paik-Sung, "Oligothiophene as
photonic/electronic property modulator, Opt. Mater., 21(1), 559(2002)
7. T.-D. Kim, H.-M. Bae, K.-S. Lee,"Synthesis and characterization of a new polyester having
photo-crosslinkable cinnamoyl group", Bull. Korean Chem. Soc 23(7), 1031(2002)
8. T.-D. Kim, K.-S. Lee, Y. H. Jeong, J. H. Jo, S. Chang, "Nonlinear Optical Properties
of a Processable Polyimide having Azo-Dye Functionalized with Cyanosulfonyl Group"
Synth. Met, 117, 311(2001)
9. K.-S. Lee, M. Samoc, D.-H. Hwang, T. Zyung, “Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) Derivatives as
Photonic Materials", Advanced Functional Molecules and Polymers 3, 261(2001)
10. K.-S. Lee, T.-D. Kim, Y.H. Min, C.S. Yoon, "NLO activities of novel sol-gel processed
systems with three different bonding direction", Synth. Met. 117, 307(2001)
33
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Picosecond Time Response Measurements of an Octupolar Polymer
Abdellatif Bouchalkha(a)(*), Hervé Maillotte(b) , Frédéric Chérioux(c) et Rachid
Mountasser(a)
Laboratoire d’Optoélectronique, Analyses Optiques et Simulations, Faculté des Sciences et
Techniques – Mohammedia, BP 146 Mohammedia, Maroc. (*)E-mail : abouchalkha@yahoo.com
(b)
Département d’Optique P.M. Duffieux, Institut FEMTO-ST, UMR CNRS/Université de FrancheComté n°6471, 25030 Besançon cedex, France
(c)
Département LPMO, Institut FEMTO-ST, UMR CNRS/Université de Franche-Comté n°6471, 25030
Besançon cedex, France
(a)
All-optical gates are considered to be the first candidates to replace their electronic
equivalents. This is mainly due to their ultra fast response time and their large bandwidth. In
the search for highly nonlinear optical materials, recent measurements
(1, 2)
on solutions of
PMMA-DR1 and MMA-Octupole showed strong non linear Kerr effect. In this paper we
present our results on the time response measurements on an octupole solution using the
picosecond pump-probe technique in the nonlinear Kerr effect arrangement. We measured
time constants from 3.5 ps to 9 ps depending on the octupole concentration in the solution. In
an octupolar structure this is mainly due to electronic nonlinearity. The results are discussed in
terms of the molecular structure of the octupole and the solution density.
The Kerr effect signal relative intensity is also measured for the different concentrations
of the octupole in the solution.
Estimates are obtained for the third order nonlinear
susceptibility (3) . Our results showed an increase in (3) as the octupole concentration was
increased.
Kerr Effect
Intensity (au)
0,05
0,04
0,03
0,02
0,01
-6
-4
-2
0
2
Time delay (psec)
References:
4
6
High concentration
Low concentration
[1] R. Mountasser, A. Bouchalkha, A. El Azrak, M. Ayadi, et H. Maillotte, Interface non linéaire pour la
Commutation toute optique, 2èmes journées nationales sur les Surfaces et Interfaces dans les Composants
Electroniques et Optoélectroniques, Mohammedia, 71 (2001).
[2] F. Chérioux, H. Maillotte, P. Audebert, and J. Zyss, Synthesis and characterization of an octupolar polymer
and new molecular octupoles with off-resonant third ordre optical nonlinearities, Chem. Commun., 2083
(1999).
34
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Abdellatif Bouchalkha
Affiliation :
Faculté des Sciences et Techniques – Mohammedia (Morocco)
Education :
- Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Optoelectronics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK,
USA. (Mai 1993)
- Master of Science (M.S.) Physique, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA. (July
1989)
- Bachelor of Science (B.S.) Physique, Central State University, Edmond, OK, USA. (Mai
1986)
Recent Representative Publications :
A. Bouchalkha, R. Mountasser, and J.J. Song, Temperature dependence of the
Degenerate four Waves Mixing Signal in GaAs/AlGaAs, 2èmes journées nationales sur
les Surfaces et Interfaces dans les Composants Electroniques et Optoélectroniques,
Mohammedia, 39 (2001) .
R. Mountasser, A. Bouchalkha, A. El Azrak, M. Ayadi, et H. Maillotte, Interface non
linéaire pour la Commutation toute optique, 2èmes journées nationales sur les Surfaces et
Interfaces dans les Composants Electroniques et Optoélectroniques, Mohammedia, 71
(2001) .
R. Mountasser, A. Bouchalkha, A. El Azrak, M. Ayadi, H. Maillotte, and F. Cherioux,
Mesure de la susceptibilité non linéaire d'ordre trois d'un polymère en couche mince,
2èmes journées nationales d'optique, Meknès (2000). (Maroc)
R. Mountasser, A. Bouchalkha, A. El Azrak, and M. Ayadi,, Contrôle de la lumière par
la lumière - portes logiques optiques, 1ère rencontre de spectroscopie et optique,
Casablanca (2000). (Maroc)
D.S. Kim , A. Bouchalkha, J.M. Jacob, J.J. Song, J.F. Klem, H. Hou, and C.W. Tu, Hotphonon generation in GaAs/AlGaAs superlattices : Observations and implications on the
coherence length of LO phonons, Phys. Rev. B 51, 5449 (1995).
J.M. Jacob, D.S. Kim, A. Bouchalkha, J.J. Song, J.F. Klem, H.Hou, C.W. Tu, and H.
Morkoç, Spatial Characteristics of GaAs, GaAs-like, and AlAs-like LO Phonons in
GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs Superlattices: the Strong x Dependence, Solid State Comm.,91, 721
(1994).
D.S. Kim, A. Bouchalkha, J.M. Jacob, J.F. Zhou, J.J. Song, and J.F. Klem, Confined-toPropagating Transition of LO Phonons in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs Superlattices Observed by
Picosecond Raman Scattering, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 1002 (1992).
35
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Use of Thermally Reversible Reactions in the Organic Materials Synthesis
Ji Young Chang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University
Thermally reversible reactions are of great interest in materials chemistry. For the reversible
reaction, loss of small molecules should not occur during the reaction, and forward and reverse
reactions be much dependent on the temperatures. In the case of an exothermic reaction,
covalent bonds form at lower temperatures and the reverse reaction is favored at elevated
temperatures. We have studied thermal reversibility of the addition reaction of an isocyanate
and applied the reaction to the synthesis of sol-gel materials, layered polymer networks, and
molecularly imprinted materials. Side chain liquid crystalline polymers having thermally
reversible urea bonds, between mesogenic pendants having imidazole heads and polymer
backbones with isocyanato groups were prepared. Imidazole has an interesting characteristic of
good leaving ability in addition to excellent nucleophilicity. Thermal annealing in smectic
phases cleaved urea bonds, generating isocyanato groups at polymer backbones. The
subsequent reaction between neighboring isocyanato groups resulted in a polymer network.
Smectic layered structures were maintained even after removing the dissociated mesogenic side
groups by solvent extraction. A thermally cleavable urethane bond was used for the preparation
of molecularly imprinted materials. A silica monomer-template complex was prepared by the
reaction of triethoxysilyl propylisocyanate with estrone. The reaction occurred between an
isocyanato group of the monomer and a phenol moiety of estrone, forming a cleavable urethane
bond. The template could be removed by the simple thermal reaction and various functional
groups be introduced into a cavity. The quantitative analysis of estrone was carried out.
36
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Ji Young Chang
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University
Education:
1979 B.S. in Textile Engineering, Seoul National University
1981 M.S. in Chemistry, Seoul National University
1989 Ph.D. in Chemistry, University of Michigan
Experience:
1989/1990 Postdoctor, Pennsylvania State University
1990/1991 Senior Research Scientist, KRICT
1992/1998 Associate Professor, Ajou University
Recent Representative Publications:
1. Synthesis and Polymerization Mechanism of Bisacetoacetamides, J. Polym. Sci., Polym.
Chem. Ed., 39, 1456-1462, 2001.
2. A sol-gel reaction of vinyl polymers based on thermally reversible urea linkages, Polymer,
42(18), 7589-7594, 2001.
3. Photoimaging on an Optically Anisotropic Film with a Polymerizable Smectic Liquid
Crystal", Adv. Mater., 13, 1298-1301, 2001.
4. The Use of a Thermally Reversible Bond for Molecular Imprinting of Silica Spheres, J. Am.
Chem. Soc., 124(50), 14838 - 14839, 2002.
5. Rodlike mesogenic molecules consisting of two diacetylenic groups: mesomorphic behavior
and photoimaging, J. Mater. Chem., 13, 986-990, 2003.
6. Molecular ordering of photoreactive nonmesogenic 1,3,5-triazine compounds into columnar
mesophases by charge transfer interaction, Tetrahedron Letters, 44, 7493-7497, 2003.
7. Use of an Aromatic Polyimide as a Non-Cross-Linked Molecular Imprinting Materials,
Macromolecules, 37, 6, 2004.
37
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Induced order in Polystyrene suspensions
Loudiyi Khalid
School of Science and Engineering, AlAkhawayn University, Ifrane
Colloidal suspensions of submicron particles are similar to pure atomic systems in that they
exhibit crystal, liquid, gas and glass phases. The suspended particles in a “colloidal crystal” are
positioned at regularly spaced lattice points having, for example, body centered cubic (bcc) or
face centered cubic (fcc) ordering. In the amorphous phases the micro-spheres are found to be
randomly positioned with no long range translational nor orientation order.
The microstructures of these self-organizing systems have also been studied as a
function of externally applied fields. Electric fields have been used to produce string-like and
fractal ordering of colloidal particles. Magnetic fields applied to a suspension of particles in a
ferrofluid have been used to induce liquid to crystal phase transitions and to study inter-particle
forces.
The forces which light can exert on a suspended colloidal particle are of two types,
photophoresis and radiation pressure.
The radiation pressure forces result from elastic
scattering of radiation in the suspension. The change in momentum of the incident radiation,
when it changes direction in the scattering process, results in a momentum transfer to the
particle-solvent system to conserve total momentum.
Thus radiation pressure causes the
suspended particle to move in the direction of propagation of the incident beam, because
scattering reduces the forward momentum of the radiation. Forces transverse tot he direction of
propagation are produced if the particle is partially or nonuniformly illuminated by the incident
radiation. If the particle acts as a converging lens having a higher index of refraction than the
solvent, then the particle will move into the brightest part of the beam.
This transverse force effect has been used in a periodic radiation pressure field, produced
from the intersection of two mutually coherent laser beams, in order to manipulate interparticle
order in aqueous suspensions. The effect of this externally applied field on the microstructure
of the charge stabilized polystyrene spheres is studied by light diffraction and direct
observation. This work demonstrates that radiation pressure forces can induce crystal-like
microstructures in suspensions which have equilibrium liquid-like microstructures in the
absence of these external fields. The produced microstructure is observed as a function of the
input intensity and crossing angle of the two laser’ beams. We find that both single- and
multilayered systems exhibit a transition to crystal-like order. This crystal order is more
pronounced at large input power and for a periodic external field commensurate with the lattice
spacing for a final undistorted two dimensional hexagonal crystal structure.
38
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Loudiyi Khalid
Affiliation:
School of Science and Engineering, AlAkhawayn University, Ifrane, Morocco
Education:
1989 Ph.D. in Physics, Oklahoma State Universtiy, USA
1983 M.S. in Physics, Oklahoma State Universtiy, USA
1980 B.S. in Engineering Physics/Electronics, Southwest Missouri State University, USA
1980 B.S. in Mathematics, Southwest Missouri State University, USA
Experience:
1994-present Professor, AlAkhawayn Universtiy, Morocco
1989-1994 Maitre de Conference, Ibn Tofail University, Morocco
1988-1989 Visiting Assistant Professor, Oklahoma State University, U.S.A.
39
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Nano-Patterned Media for High Density Optical Data Storage
Y. Kawata1 and T. Matsuyama1,2
1
Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University
3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 432-8561 Japan
2
Hosoe Technology Center, Pulstec Industrial Co., Ltd.
7000-35 Techno-Land, Hosoe-cho, Inasa-gun, Shizuoka, 431-1304 Japan
As the demand of information storage has been growing in our high informationoriented society, the capacity of optical data storage has been increasing: e.g. compact disc
(CD, 0.65GB), digital versatile disc (DVD, 4.7GB) and bru-ray disc (BD, 27GB). Furthermore
it seems quite probable that the data storage demand of higher density, which is from 100Gb to
1Tb/inch2, will be growing in the foreseeable future. However, when using conventional
system with a focusing lens, it is impossible that data density increases dramatically due to the
restriction of diffraction limit.
Over the past a decade, a considerable number of studies have been conducted on nearfield optical data storage[1]. In this system, although the smallest size of recorded marks is not
restricted by the diffraction limit and can be decided by the aperture size of probe in principle,
it is necessary practically to improve bit rate, carrier to noise ratio (CNR) and quality of
recorded marks.
The objective of this study is to improve CNR and quality of recorded marks on nearfield optical data storage. We propose the patterned media, which have isolated nano-polymerdots and is fabricated by using the self-assembling phenomenon of diblock copolymer. K.
Asakawa et al.[4] had already reported the attempt of the magnetic patterned media using
diblock copolymer as a template for reactive ion etching. In our study, nano-dots pattern is
fabricated on glass substrate for near-field optical media and an each dot is doped recorded
materials and corresponds to a datum bit.
The diblock copolymer molecule consists of two linear polymer molecules, which differ
in chemistry or structural isomerism and are bonded covalently, and it is known well that it
phase-separate with particular structure in a good solvent for both blocks[2] and form micelle
structure in a dilute solution of a selective solvent for one block above a critical micelle
concentration (CMC).[3] Figure 1 shows the fabrication procedure for nano-dots pattern.
Diblock copolymer was dissolved in a suitable amount of solvent. A few drops of the solution
were dripped onto glass substrate with a pipet and then they were spin-cast. Atomic force
microscope (AFM) image of nano-dots pattern is shown in Figure 2. We have clearly seen that
40
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
nano-dots array was fabricated on glass substrate. The morphology, the size and the space
distance of array are dependent on molecular length, the type of solvent, solution concentration
and the humidity during spin-casting.
The result of near-field scanning optical
microscope(NSOM) will also be presented.
Figure 1. Fabrication procedure.
Figure 2. AFM image ( 1um x 1um ).
[1] E. Betzig, J. K. Trautman, R. Wolfe, E. M. Gyorgy, P. L. Finn, M. H. Kryder, and C. -H. Chang,
Appl. Phys. Lett., 61, 142 (1992).
[2] F. S. Bates, and G. H. Fredrickson, Phys. Today, 52, 32 (1999).
[3] A. Johner, J. F. Joanny and C. Marques: Physica A Statistical and Theoretical Physics, 172, 285
(1991).
41
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Non Linear Electrical Resistivity of Polymeric Matrix
Loaded with Nickel and Cobalt Powders
Maaroufi Abdel-Karim
Laboratoire de Chimie du Solide Appliquée, LAF 504, Département de chimie, Faculté des Sciences,
B.P: 1014, Rabat Agdal, Maroc. E-mail : maaroufi@fsr.ac.ma
In this work we have studied the electrical resistivity of polymers (epoxy resin, silicone,
polyurethane) loaded with metallic particles (Co and Ni ). The measurements show non linear
electrical resistance behavior according to volume fraction (Vf ) of metals and the temperature.
At fixed temperature, the resistivity decreases when the concentration increases until a limit
value noted Vf*, corresponding to the percolation threshold, where the slope changes suddenly
indicating that a phase transition insulator – conductor has been occurred. Beside, this study
shows that this threshold depends on the features and the properties of composites constituents:
the type of matrix, the nature, the size, the shape, the geometry of the conducting particles and
the porosity in composite.
Elsewhere, when the concentration is fixed, the resistivity is uniform as function of
temperature below the threshold concentration. However, at higher concentration (Vf> Vf*), it
is constant until critical temperature Tc corresponding to the conductor-insulator transition,
indicating a Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) effect.
These results are well interpreted in the statistical percolation theory.
42
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Maaroufi Abdel-Karim
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Applied chemistry of Solid, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,
University Mohammed V Agdal
Education:
1986: Doctorat d' état Es- Sciences physiques, Université de Bordeaux I, Centre de
Recherche Paul Pascal ( C.R.P.P ), C.N.R.S, FRANCE.
1982: Doctorat de troisième cycle, Université de Bordeaux I, Centre de Recherche Paul
Pascal (C.R.P.P), C.N.R.S, FRANCE.
1979:
Diplôme d'Études Approfondies ( D.E.A ) de chimie-physique, Université de
Bordeaux I, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (C.R.P.P), C.N.R.S , France
Experience:
1998- present : Professeurr, Université Mohammed V Agdal, Rabat.
1990 – 1998 : Professeur, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan.
1987-1990: Maître de Conférences, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan.
1985-1986: Maître de Conférences, Université Bordeaux I,FRANCE.
1983- 1985 : Maître Assistant, Université Bordeaux I, FRANCE
1982-1983: Assistant, Institut Universitaire Technologie (IUT), Bordeaux, FRANCE.
1978 - 1982: Assistant, Université Bordeaux I, FRANCE
Recent Representative Publications :
PUBLICATIONS :

A. MAAROUFI, K. HABOUBI, A. ELAMARTI et F.CARMONA ,
“Electrical resistivity of polymeric matrix loaded with nickel and cobalt powders”
Journal of Materials Science, vol.39 (2004), p. 265.
 GABRIEL PINTO AND ABDEL-KARIM MAAROUFI,
 Conducting polymer composites of Zinc filled urea – formaldehyde,
Submitted to Journal of Applied Polymer Sciences.
 GABRIEL PINTO AND ABDEL-KARIM MAAROUFI,
 Electrical conductivity Tin filled urea – formaldehyde and cellulose composites,
Submitted to Synthetic Metals.
 ABDEL-KARIM MAAROUFI and GABRIEL PINTO,
 Structural and electrical properties of active carbon, carbon black and graphite powders
filled in urea- formaldehyde composites Submitted to Journal of Materials Science.
 K. HABOUBI, A. MAAROUFI, F. CARMONA,
 Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) effects on electrical resistivity in the composites:
Epoxy D / metallic powders cobalt and Nickel; In preparation
Communications:

S. ABADI, A.MAAROUFI et O. SASSI ,
Comportement magnéto- mécanique des composites à base de polymères chargés ,
IVèmes Journées sur les Polymères Organiques et leur Applications industrielles (JPOA IV),
Rabat, Maroc les 24 et 25 Avril 2003.
 A. MAAROUFI,
“ Résistivité électrique des composites: polymères /particules conductrices”
Conférence donnée à l’Ecole Polytechnique de Turin, Italie, le 30 Octobre 2002.
 MAAROUFI , K. HABOUBI, A. EL AMARTI, F. CARMONA et R. CANET :
Comportement non linéaire de la résistivité électrique des composites à matrices polymères
organiques. The Second Arab Congress on Materials Science, Rabat, 25 – 27 October 2001.
43
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Cartilage Regeneration Using Hydrophilic Porous Scaffolds
Dong Keun Han
Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Korea
Biodegradable polymers such as poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), poly(glycolide) (PGA), and their
copolymers (PLGA) are very widely used as porous scaffold system for tissue engineering. The
suitable biodegradability and dimensional stability of 3D porous scaffolds during in vivo
implantation play an important role in tissue engineering applications. Also because of their
hydrophobic characteristics these scaffold materials have insufficient initial cell binding sites
and limited ability to cell adhesion for in vitro and in vivo tissue culture. We investigated in
vivo biodegradation and dimensional stability of porous polymer scaffolds prepared by using
both a gas foaming technique with nontoxic effervescent mixture and then surface modification
by plasma glow discharge with acrylic acid (AA). The obtained porous biodegradable scaffolds
were more hydrophilized by surface modification. Biodegradation rate and dimensional
deformation of PLGA scaffolds were much faster than those of PLLA ones. Improved adhesion
and proliferation of chondrocytes on surface-modified porous scaffolds were observed from the
results of in vitro cell culture. In addition, after transplantation in nude mouse, tissueengineered neocartilage tissue showed a similar aspect of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis
in cartilage extra cellular matrix (ECM) to natural cartilage tissue. The dimensional stability of
in vitro cultured cellular scaffolds was much better than that of in vitro non-cultured acellular
ones. Furthermore, tissue-engineered cartilage formation by in vivo 3D culture onto surfacemodified PLGA scaffolds in nude mouse was significantly enhanced as compared to
unmodified scaffolds. Therefore, such 3D porous biodegradable scaffolds prepared by surface
modification are expected to be useful to regenerate artificial tissues and organs.
44
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Dong Keun Han
Affiliation:
Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
Education:
1993 Ph.D. Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University, Korea
1985 M.S. Textile Engineering, Hanyang University, Korea
1983 B.S. Textile Engineering, Hanyang University, Korea
Experience:
1985-present Researcher, Senior Researcher, Principal Researcher, KIST, Korea
1998-present Visiting Professor, Hanyang University, Korea
1995-1996 Post-Doc Associate, California Institute of Technology, USA
Recent Representative Publications:
1. "Enhanced Blood Compatibility of Polymer Grafted by Sulfonated PEO via a Negative Cilia
Concept", Biomaterials, 24, 2213-2223 (2003).
2. "Physical Properties and Biodegradation of Lactide-based Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polymer Networks for Tissue Engineering", Polymer Bulletin, 50, 107-114 (2003).
3. "In Vitro Degradation and Cytotoxicity of Alkyl 2-Cyanoacrylate Polymers for
Application to Tissue Adhesives", J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 89, 3272-3278 (2003).
4. "High Trensfection Efficiency of Poly(4-vinylimidazole) as a New Gene Carrier",
Bioconjugate Chem., 14, 707-708 (2003).
5. "Micellization and Gelation of Aqueous Solutions of Star-Shaped PLLA-PEO
Block Copolymers", Macromolecules, 36(11), 4115-4124 (2003).
6. "Synthesis of Norbornene-Derived Polymers Having Pendant Phenoxyquinones
for Photochromism", Macromolecules, 34(13), 4291-4293 (2001).
7. "Synthesis and Characterization of Star-Shaped PLLA-PEO Block Copolymers with
Temperature-Sensitive Sol-Gel Transition Behavior", Macromolecules, 34(26), 8821-8824
(2001).
45
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
FIR Absorption in CdSe Nano-Crystallites Embedded in a SiO matrix:
Effect of a Magnetic Field
Zorkani Izeddine
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz- Fes
Absorption of Far-Infrared (FIR) radiation in very small CdSe crystallites (quantum dots, QDs)
will be presented. The influence of impurity position, magnetic field and size on the donor
binding energy and absorption coefficient have been studied. We present results for the
absorption coefficient as a function of the photon energy for several field strengths and
arbitrary impurity positions. It is found that for all sizes of the dot the absorption peak
associated with an on-centre donor impurity is negligible and the most significant contribution
comes from a donor located next the edge. The application of magnetic field shifts the
threshold absorption peak toward high energy and reduces the intensity of absorption
coefficient. The influence of the QD concentration on the FIR absorption will be discussed.
46
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Zorkani Izeddine
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz- Fes, Morocco
Education:
1991 Ph.D. Semiconductor Physics, Université de l’ Etat de Liège, Belgium
1985 Doctorat de 3ième Cycle, University de Nancy I, France
1983 DEA, Solid State Physics, University de Nancy I, France
1980 Maitrise de Physique, University de Nancy I, France
Experience:
1995-present : Professor, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mehraz-Fes
1991-1995 : Maitre de Conférence, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mehraz-Fes
1985-1991: Assistant Professor, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mehraz-Fes
Recent Representative Publications:
 A. Chahboun, R. Cortager, A. Pascal, P. Baule, F. Ajustron, I. ZORKANI and J. Beauvillain
“ Modification on Au/Si and Au/SiO2/Si interface transmittance by electron emission
microscopy technique” Journal of Applied Physics, Vol 89, 6302 (2001).
 A. ZENOUBI, K. ELMESSAOUDI, I. ZORKANI and A. JORIO" Magnetic field and Finite
barrier-height effects on the Polarizability of a a shallow donor in a GaAs quantum wire"
Superlattices and Microstructures, Vol.30 N° 4, 189-200 (2001).
 A. Chahboun, I. ZORKANI, R. Cortager, F. Ajustron, and J. Beauvillain “Au/Si (100) contact
homogeneity studied by direct and reverse ballistic electron emission microscopy and
spectroscopy” Moroccan Journal of Conde,sed Matter, Vol 4, N°1, 9-13 (2001).
 A. Chahboun, I. ZORKANI, R. Cortager, F. Ajustron, and J. Beauvillain “ Study of Au/nZnSe contact by ballistic electron emission microscopy” Moroccan Journal of Conde,sed
Matter, Vol 4, N°1, 52-55 (2001).
 L. FILALI and I. ZORKANI " Polaron and finite-barrier height effects on , polarizability of
shallow donors in quantum well wire" Physica.scripta Vol 65, 530 (2002).
 K. ELMESSAOUDI, A. ZENOUBI, I. ZORKANI and A. JORIO " Finite barrier-height
effects on the Polarizability of a Shallow Magneto-Donor in a Quantum Box", Phys. Status
Solidi (b), Vol 233, 270-279 (2002).
 Y. El Hasnaoui, I. ZORKANI and R. Belhissi, "Photoionization of Impurities in Quantum
Well in the presence of a Static Electric Field" Phys. of Low-Dimensional Structure, .Vol 7/8,
pp 131 - 138 (2002).
 A. ZENOUBI, I. ZORKANI, K. ELMESSAOUDI and A. JORIO " Magnetic field effects on
the Polarizability of a shallow donor in a cylindrical quantum dot" Physics Letters A, Vol 312,
220 (2003).
 Y. El Hasnaoui and I. ZORKANI "Photoionization of Impurities in Quantum Well Wire in
the Presence of a Static Magnetic Field" Phys. of Low-Dimensional Structure, .Vol 5/6, pp 117
- 124 (2003).
47
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
PEG-Containing Polymer Films and Gels
As Postoperative Tissue Adhesion Barriers
Jin Ho Lee
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea
(jhlee@hannam.ac.kr)
Tissue adhesions are well known postsurgical complications, including patient's pain,
functional obstruction, and difficult reoperative surgery [1]. For abdominal surgery, it has
reported the high frequency occurrence of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions in 50 – 93
% [2]. To solve these problems, various synthetic and natural polymer films, nonwoven fabrics,
or gels as tissue adhesion barriers have been investigated, but their performance is not so
desirable until now.
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (Ibuprofen) on the prevention of postsurgical tissue
adhesion. For this, we synthesized poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)-PEG diblock copolymers by
ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide and methoxy PEG (Mw 5,000) of different
compositions. The synthesized copolymers were used to prepare Ibuprofen-containing films as
tissue anti-adhesion films. PEG can provide the films flexible [3]. It can also provide the films
to prevent tissue adhesion [4]. Ibuprofen can reduce inflammatory response which can elicit a
mass migration of inflammatory cells, capillaries, and fibroblasts to the injured site in adhesion
formation step, and thus provide the films to prevent tissue adhesion [5]. We also prepared
lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-controllable Pluronic F127/F68 mixtures including
mildly crosslinked alginate and Ibuprofen. The LCST of the mixture solutions could be
controlled by adjusting F127/F68 ratio and concentration. The mildly crosslinked alginate acts
as an absorption retarder in the body. The prepared films and gels with/without Ibuprofen were
evaluated by histological observations of granulation tissue formation, inflammatory response,
and toxicity in organs (liver, spleen, and kidney) as well as the observation of peritoneal tissue
adhesion through animal study using rat model.
Acnowledgment
This work was supported by a grant from the Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare.
References
1 K. Falk, et al. (2001) Biomaterials 22:2185-2190.
2 D. Menzies (1993) Ann R Coll Surg Engl 75:147-153.
3 J. H. Lee, K. O. Kim, and Y. M. Ju (1999) J Biomed Mater Res, Appl Biomater 48:328-334.
4 J. H. Lee, H. B. Lee, and J. D. Andrade (1995) Prog Polym Sci 20:1043-1079.
5 G. S. diZerega (1994) Fertil Steril 61:219-235.
48
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Jin Ho Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Hannam University
Education:
1988. Ph.D. Materials Science & Engineering, University of Utah, USA
1981. M.S. Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
1979. B.S. Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
Experience:
1993-present Professor, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea
1999-2000 Visiting Professor, Purdue University, USA
1988-1993 Senior Research Scientist, KRICT, Daejeon, Korea
1982-1984 Research Scientist, KIST, Seoul, Korea
Recent Representative Publications:
1. TB Lee, KT No, SH Cho, SS Kim, JK Seo, JH Lee, and SH Yuk, "Polymeric nanosphere formed
from temperature-responsive polymer composed of (N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and
ethyl acrylamide," J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys., 39, 594 (2001)
2. KH Lee, SH Oh, SW Choi, and JH Lee, "In-situ mechanical behavior of porous biodegradable
polymer scaffolds fabricated by melt molding compression method," Biomaterials Research, 5, 17
(2001)
3. JH Lee and SH Oh, "MMA/MPEOMA/VSA copolymer as a coating material for improved blood
compatibility: Protein adsorption and platelet adhesion study," J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 60, 44
(2002)
4. YS Cho, JW Lee, JS Lee, JH Lee, TR Yoon, Y Kuroyanagi, MH Park, DG Pyun, and HJ Kim,
"Hyaluronic acid and silver sulfadizine-impregnated polyurethane foams for wound dressing
application," J. Mater. Sci., Mater. Med., 13, 861 (2002)
5. SH Oh, SH Cho, ES Kim, and JH Lee, "Preparation and characterization of PLGA scaffolds with
uniform porosity and hydrophilicity," Biomaterials Research, 6, 89 (2002)
6. SH Oh, SG Kang, ES Kim, SH Cho, and JH Lee, "Fabrication and characterization of hydrophilic
poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend cell scaffolds by melt-molding particulateleaching method," Biomaterials, 24, 4011 (2003)
7. SH Cho, SH Oh, KH Lee, HY Kim, and JH Lee, "Preparation of polycaprolactone nanofibrous
sheets by electrospinning and their cell adhesion and growth behavior," Biomaterials Research, 7,
241 (2003)
8. JH Lee, SH Oh, and WG Kim, "MMA/MPEOMA/VSA copolymer as a novel blood-compatible
coating material: Ex vivo platelet adhesion study," J. Mater. Sci., Mater. Med., 15, 155 (2004)
9. KS Oh, SK Han, YW Choi, JH Lee, JY Lee, and SH Yuk, "Hydrogen-bonded polymer gel and its
application as a temperature-sensitive drug delivery system," Biomaterials, 25, 2393 (2004)
10. JH Hwang, SH Yuk, JH Lee, WS Lyoo, SH Ghil, SS Lee, IG Khang, SY Paik, and JY Lee,
"Isolation of muscle derived stem cells from rat and its smooth muscle differentiation," Mol. Cells,
17, 57 (2004)
49
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Lanthanide-Cored Supramolecular Materials With Highly Efficient
Light-Harvesting and Site-isolation Effects for Advanced Photonics
Hwan Kyu Kim
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and Center for Smart Light-Harvesting Materials,
Hannam University, Daejeon 306-791, Korea; Email:hwankkim@mail.hannam.ac.kr
Very recently, the development of integrated planar waveguide optical amplifiers is extremely
essential to realize the superhigh speed communication systems. At present, erbium-doped
silica amplifiers are widely used. However, the amplification gain of current EDFA is not
enough for amplifying the optical signals in small-sized photonic devices, while the
amplification gain is not a problem for long distance of several to tens of meters. It is due to the
poor solubility of erbium(III) ions in conventional inorganic media, limiting to 100 - 1000 ppm
for Er3+-doped concentration on silica optic fiber. In order to enhance the amplified
luminescence intensity, the development of luminescent lanthanide complexes based on the
energy transfer mechanisms by using the supramolecular complexes has been extensively
studied. Such efforts are just in the early stage and not only the basic concept not established,
but also the structure-property relationship is not yet clearly understood.
We designed and developed novel lanthanide-cored supramolecular complexes with lightharvesting dendritic arrays for advanced photonics applications. The supramolecular ligands
such as naphthalenes, anthracenes and metalloporphyrins were specially designed and
synthesized in order to provide enough coordination sites to form stable lanthanide(III)chelated complexes. The energy levels of the supramolecular ligands were tailored to maintain
the effective energy transfer process from supramolecular ligands to lanthanide(III) ions for
getting a higher optical amplification gain. Also, key parameters for near IR emission
enhancement and efficient energy transfer pathways for the sensitization of lanthanide ions by
supramolecular ligands were investigated. Furthermore, to enhance the optophysical properties
of novel supramolecular systems, new aryl ether-functionalized dendrons as photon antennas
were incorporated into lanthanide-cored supramolecular systems, yielding the Er(III)-cored
dendrimer complexes. The Er(III)-cored dendrimer complexes show much stronger near IR emission
intensity than the corresponding complex based on Pt(II)-porphyrin in solid state. Here, the synthesis,
energy transfer mechanistic studies and photophysical properties of novel lanthanide(III)-cored
supramolecular complexes with light-harvesting dendritic arrays for advanced photonics
applications will be discussed.
50
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Hwan Kyu Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Hannam University
Education:
1990 Ph.D. Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
1982 M.S. Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Korea
1980 B.S. Department of Chemical Technology, University of Ulsan, Korea
Experience:
1994-present Professor, Dept. of Polymer Science & Engineering, Hannam University
1993-1994 Senior Researcher, ETRI, Korea
1991-1993 Postdoctoral Associate, Department of Materials Science & Engineering,
Cornell University, U.S.A.
1982-1986 Researcher, Chemical Technology Lab., KRICT, Korea
Recent Representative Publications:
1."Spectral narrowing of Photoluminescence and improvement of electroluminescence
properties in conducting polymers with Si atoms in main chain", J. Appl. Phys., 90(12),
6061(2001).
2."White Light-Emitting Diodes From Novel Silicon-Based Copolymers Containing Both
Electron-Transport Oxadiazole and Hole-Transport Carbazole Moieties in the Main Chain",
Macromolecules, 35, 6782 (2002).
3."Exploratory Synthesis and Luminescence Study of the First s-Conjugated Tin-Based
Alternating Copolymers for Blue Light-emitting Diodes at the Extremely Low Operating
Voltage", Macromolecules, 35, 9282(2002).
4."Lanthanide-Cored Supramolecular Systems with Highly Efficient Light-Harvesting
Dendritic Arrays towards Tomorrow's Information Technology", Macromolecular Research,
11(3), 129(2003).
5."New Synthetic Methodology and Luminescent Properties of Lanthanide-Cored
Supramolecular Complexes Based on Metalloporphyrins for Optical Amplification", Materials
Science & Engineering C, 24, 257 (2004).
6."Efficient Energy Transfer Pathways for the Sensitization of Lanthanide Ions by Luminescent
Ligands in Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes", Bull. Kor. Chem. Soc.(comm), 25(4),
443(2004).
7. "Optical properties and microring laser of conducting polymers with Sn atoms in the main
chains", J. Appl. Phys., 95, 4193(2004).
8."One-pot synthesis of new functionalized azacryptands from resorcinol derivatives for
advanced photonic materials", Tetrahedron Letters, 45(23), 4519(2004).
51
st
1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Room Temperature Photoluminescence, Electroluminescence and Infrared
Spectroscopy, Three Techniques for Material and Electronic Devices
Characterizations
Ali AHAITOUF
Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques
Electrical Engineering Department; P.O. Box: 2202 Fès-Morocco, ahitouf@metz.supelec.fr
The talk will be presented in three parts.
The first concerns the measurements of the band edge room temperature photoluminescence
(PL) under electric field and its use to characterize Metal-Semiconductor (MS) and MetalInsulator-Semiconductor (MIS) structures obtained on n type indium phosphide (InP). This
technique is less sensitive to leakage currents and seems to be well adapted to study some
electronics devices for which, conventional techniques such as Capacitance Voltage(C-V) or
Current Voltage (I-V) are difficult to use. Some relevant results will be presented and
compared to those deduced from C-V, I-V or Deep Level Transient spectroscopy (DLTS).
The second part deals with modelization of electroluminescence (EL) spectra measured at room
temperature on silicon (Si) and gallium arsenide (GaAs) p-n junctions, reverse biased under
avalanche breakdown condition. It will be shown that the interband radiative recombinations
between hot electrons and holes can be successfully used to fit the experimental measurements
by taking account of the self absorption in the neutral region of the semiconductor. This
analysis allowed a good estimation of the junction depth thickness, which is an important
technological parameter. Presently we are regarding on the use of this EL technique to
determine the band structures of hetero and multi junction devices.
Finally we present some preliminary results on a developed program to calculate the optical
transmission of thin films, in order to analyse experimental spectra measured in the infrared
region, at normal, as well as at oblique incidence. The calculation is based on the Fresnel
equations in their complex form, the sample being considered as a parallel plate, and its optical
behavior is described by the dielectric function of the material. The validity of the calculations
has been tested on thin films of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), which have been deposited by
Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) onto silicon substrates. These films
are nanocrystallised and behave like an anisotropic uniaxial medium, the crystallites being
textured. This means that they present a preferential orientation of their c axis relative to the
normal of the sample. In the calculations, in order to fit the experimental measurements, the
dielectric function of the medium has been considered. We have used an expression given by
Schubert and al., which considers the average effect of the crystallites in the film.
52
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
AHAITOUF ALI
Affiliation:
Signals Systems and Compounds laboratory, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of
Sciences and Technics Fès
Education:
PhD (1992), Doctor (1998)
Experience:
Since 1992 at the faculty at Fès:
- Electricity: lecture, exercises and practice work
- Electromagnetism: lecture, exercises and practice work
- Microelectronic: lecture, exercises and practice work
- Digital electronic: lecture, exercises and practice work
- Manager of the DESS: Telecommunication Systems and Microelectronics
Recent Representative Publications:
1) Analysis of electroluminescence spectra of silicon and gallium arsenide p–n junctions in avalanche
breakdown., M. LAHBABI, A. AHAITOUF, M. FLIYOU, E. ABARKAN, J.-P. CHARLES, A. BATH,
A. HOFFMANN, S. E. KERNS, AND D. V. KERNS, Jr. J. Appl. Phys. 95, 1822-1828, (2004)
2) Simulation of GaAs Electroluminescence Spectra Using Self-absorption, and Interband
Recombination Model,
M. LAHBABI, A. AHAITOUF, M. FLIYOU, E. ABARKAN, A.
HOFFMANN, J.-P. CHARLES, B. L. BHUVA, S.KERNS, D.V.KERNS Jr , Appl. Phy. Lett. 80, 10041006, (2002)
3)Temperature effect on electroluminescence spectra of silicon p-n junctions under avalanche
breakdown condition, M. LAHBABI, M. JORIO, A. AHAITOUF, M. FLIYOU, E. ABARKAN; Mat.
Sci. Engin. B86, 96-99, (2001)
4) Analyses of Electroluminescence Spectra of Silicon Junctions in Avalanche Breakdown Using an
Indirect Interband Recombination Model, M. LAHBABI, A. AHAITOUF, M. FLIYOU, E.
ABARKAN, A. HOFFMANN, J.-P. CHARLES, B. L. BHUVA, S.KERNS, D.V.KERNS Jr , Appl.
Phy. Lett. 77(20), 3182-3184 ,(2000)
5) Analysis of interface states of n-InP MIS structures based on bias dependence of capacitance
and photoluminescence intensity, A.AHAITOUF, A.BATH, P.THEVENIN, E.ABARKAN, Mat.
Sci. Engin. B77, 67-72, (2000)
6) On the determination of interface states density by current-voltage measurements on n-InP
structures. – Comparison with DLTS measurements – A.AHAITOUF, E.LOSSON, A.BATH, Sol. State
Electronics, 44, 515-520 (2000)
53
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
13
C MAS NMR INVESTIGATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL
POLYMERIZED C60 USING PARAMAGNETIC O2 AS A CHEMICAL
SHIFT AGENT.
A. Rezzouk, a,b Y. Errammach, a L.C. de Ménorval, c F.Rachdi, a,* V. Agafonovd and V.A.
Davydove
a Groupe de Dynamique des Phases Condensées UMR 5581 CNRS, cc 026, Université Montpellier II,
Place Eugène Bataillon, 34 095 Montpellier France.
b Laboratoire de Physique de Solide, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, BP 1796 atlas FES, Maroc
c Laboratoire de Matériaux Catalytiques et Catalyse en Chimie Organique, UMR 5618 CNRS, ENSCM,
8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cédex 05, France.
d Lab. de Chimie Physique, Faculté de Pharmacie. Université de Tours, 31 av. Monge, 37200 Tours,
France.
e Institute for High Pressure Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142092, Troitsk, Moscow
Region, Russian Federation.
In this work, we present
13
C MAS NMR results of the rhombohedral (rh-2D) and tetragonal
(tet-2D), two-dimensional polymerized C60 under high pressure, using the paramagnetic O2 as a
chemical shift and relaxation agent. This method allows a quantitative evaluation of the
population of inequivalent carbons (sp2 and sp3) of the polymer. NMR signals of 13C nuclei in
the vicinity of paramagnetic species are subjected to large paramagnetic shifts and short
relaxation times T1, the consequences of it on the
13
C resonance shift and relaxation will be
discussed here. The obtained 13C MAS NMR spectrum of the rh-2D polymer (under PO2 = 2400
Torr) shows two resonances, a broad and intense line around 152.8 ppm and a small one at 78.3
ppm. The former line has five components related to the deformation of the spherical shape of
the C60 molecules in the polymer phase. We attribute the observed group of lines to the
inequivalent sp2 carbons on the C60 molecules and the latter line to the sp3 bonding carbons
between C60 molecules. The
13
C MAS NMR spectra of the tetragonal polymer, shows two
isotropic lines around 150.6 ppm and 77.9 ppm. The NMR line shape simulations of the
obtained spectra are compatible with the suggested polymeric structures where the C60
molecules are connected by [2+2] cycloadditions.
Keywords: A. fullerene, A. polymers, D. electronic band structure, D. spin dynamics, C. 13C NMR.
* Corresponding author. Email: rezzouk@yahoo.fr. Fax: (0)55 73 33 49
54
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Abdellah REZZOUK
Affiliation:
Lab. Solid State Physics (LPS), Faculty of Science, Dhar el Mehraz, Fes
Experience:
Research fellow, Laboratory of physics Metallurgy, U.R.A. 131 CNRS, Poitiers University,
France. (1990-1991)
Research fellow, Laboratory of molecular optics, U.R.A. 131 CNRS, Poitiers University,
France. (1991-1995)
Research fellow Laboratory of GDPC, University of Montpellier II, France & Laboratory of
LPS, University of Fez, Morocco. (1996-2001
Assistant lecturer (1996-1998) Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi Med Ben Abdellah, Fès
Assistant Professor (1998-2001) Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi Med Ben Abdellah, Fès
Professor since February 2001 Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi Med Ben Abdellah, Fès
Recent Representative Publications
1 - "Etudes RMN haute résolution et RPE des composés Ba3C 60 et Ba6C 60 ", A. REZZOUK,
F.RACHDI, Y.ERRAMMACH, C.R.Acad.Sci.Paris, 4 (2003) 715-720
2 - "13C MAS NMR, ESR AND Raman Studies of the KBaCsC60 fulleride", Y.
ERRAMMACH, A. REZZOUK, F. RACHDI, J.L. SAUVAJOL. Sythetic Metals, 129, pp.
147-150, Février 2002.
3 - "Na4C60: an alkali intercalated two-dimensionalconducting polymer ", REZZOUK,
F.RACHDI, Y. ERRAMMACH and J.L. SAUVAJOL. Physica E, vol. 15/2, pp. 107-110,
Octobre 2002.
4 - "High Resolution 13C NMR, ESR AND Raman Studies of the KBaCsC60 fulleride", A.
REZZOUK, Y. ERRAMMACH, F. RACHDI, D. MAURIN, J.L. SAUVAJOL and S.
SAYOURI. Microwaves Symposium 2000 Proceedings, pp. 359-363, 2000-May 10- 11- 12,
Tetuan - Maroc.
5 - "NMR investigation of NaxC60 fulleride", F. RACHDI, Y. ERRAMMACH, A. REZZOUK .
Microwaves Symposium 2000 Proceedings, pp. 355-358, 2000-May 10- 11- 12, Tetuan Maroc.
6 - " 13C MAS NMR Investigation of Two-Dimensional Polymerized C60 Using Paramagnetic
O2 as a Chemical Shift Agent", A. REZZOUK, Y. ERRAMMACH, L.C. de Ménorval, F.
RACHDI, V. AGAFONOV, V.A. DAVYDOV .Solid State Communication , 115, 661-664,
2000.
7 - " High Resolution 13C NMR Studies of the Tetragonal two-dimensional polymerized phase
of C60", A. REZZOUK, Y. ERRAMMACH, F.RACHDI, V. AGAFONOV, V.A. DAVYDOV.
Physica E, vol. 8, pp. 1-4, Juillet 2000.
55
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Correlation between the Nanoscopic Phase Separation and Other Physical
Properties of YBCO and TlBCCO Superconducting Thin Films.
H. Darhmaoui1 and J. Jung2
1
School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University, BP 1841, Ifrane 53000, Morocco
2
Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2J1
High temperature superconducting thin films are important for applications in the
communication industry (rf filters), and applications that require the measurements of very
small magnetic fields (pick-up coils, SQUID detectors). We performed measurements of
electrical transport and magnetic properties of YBCO and TlBCCO superconducting thin using
an innovative contactless measuring technique that allowed us to measure temperature
dependence of the critical current density Jc(T) and the dissipation (time-decay) of the current.
A major achievement of our studies has been the discovery that intrinsic ferroelastic
nanostructures and the resulting nanoscopic disorder (nanoscopic phase separation) govern the
physical properties of these materials. We also found the correlation between the nanoscopic
phase separation (nanostructures) and other physical properties of high Tc superconductors such
as: temperature dependence of the critical current and the magnetic relaxation rate. These
properties are controlled by the ratio of the amount of an underdoped (oxygen deficient) phase
to that of an optimally doped one.
56
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Hassane DARHMAOUI
Affiliation:
School of Science & Engineering, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco
Education:
Ph.D. – Solid State Physics (Aug. 97) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
MS – Physics (June 90) King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi
Arabia.
Licence Es-science (Bachelor of Science) – Physics (June 86); University Cadi Ayyad,
Marrakech, Morocco.
Experience:
Associate Professor (Aug. 04 – present); School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn
University, Ifrane, Morocco.
Assistant Professor (Sep. 97 – Aug. 04); School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn
University, Ifrane, Morocco.
Fulbright Research Scholar, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Boulder, CO, USA.
(Summer 2002)
Visiting Research Scholar, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA. (Summer 2000)
Lecturer (Jan. 97 – Aug. 97) School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University,
Ifrane, Morocco.
Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Research Assistant/Teaching
Assistant (Sep. 91 – Dec. 96)
Research Assistant (Sep. 87 – Jun. 90) /Lecturer (Sep. 90 – Aug. 91) Physics Department,
King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Saudi Arabia.
Sep. 87 – Aug. 91
Recent Representative Publications:
- H. Darhmaoui, J. Jung, Current Distribution in Y1Ba2Cu3O7- Disk-Shaped Thin Film by
Scanning Hall Probe Measurements, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol.
13, NO. 2 (2003) 2897-2900
- H. Yan, J. Jung, H. Darhmaoui, Z.F. Ren, J. H. Wang, and W-K Kwok, Fast vortex motion
and filamentary phase separation in high Tc thin films, Phys. Rev. B61, 11711 - 11721. (2000)
- J. Jung, H. Yan, H. Darhmaoui and W-K. Kwok, Fast vortex motion and filamentary phase
separation in YBCO and TlBCCO thin films, Physica C 332, 207 - 213 (1999)
- H. Darhmaoui and J. Jung, Coherent Josephson nanostructures and the dissipation of the
persistent current in the a-b planes of Y1Ba2Cu3O7-, Phys. Rev. B57, 8009 - 8025. (1998)
- H. Darhmaoui, J. Jung, J. Talvacchio, M. A-K. Mohamed, and L. Friedrich, Temperature
dependence of the magnetic flux penetration into disk-shaped Y1Ba2Cu3O7-d, Phys. Rev.
B53, 12330 - 12339. (1996)
-H. Darhmaoui and J. Jung, Crossover effects in the temperature dependence of the critical
current in YBCO, Phys. Rev. B53, 14621 - 14630. (1996)
57
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
New formulations of glass based on
Moroccan natural phosphate
A. NADIRI 1, A. BENTAYEB 1, L. BIH 2, D. DHIBA 3, J.MAGHNOUJ3
1
UFR Sciences des Matériaux Inorganiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université Moulay Ismail,B.P. 4010,
Béni M’hamed, 50000 Meknès, Maroc (a.nadiri@fsmek.ac.ma).
2
Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des matériaux, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 509
Boutalamine, Errachidia, Maroc (lbih@hotmail.com ).
Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches des Phosphates Minéraux ( CERPHOS – OCP)
73 , Bd Moulay Ismail - Casablanca, Maroc (j.maghnouj@cerphos.com ; d.dhiba@cerphos.com ).
3
Discovered and used in the optics field at very early stages and since then, the interest for
phosphate glass has been increasing continuously. Historically, the phosphate-glass interest is
staked out by the many events mainly due to the discovery of several of their properties: good
transmission of the U.V. radiance (1894, 1925), resistance to the attack of the fluorhydric acid
(1925), use of these glasses for welding (1944), laser glass (1988), ophthalmic applications
(1992), etc.
In our laboratories, new formulations of glass based on Moroccan natural phosphate have been
developed. These new vitreous materials are characterised by low energy consumption during
their production compared to the silicate-glass. On the other hand, this research activity enables
the development of new potential uses of Moroccan phosphate.
Thus, with a specific Moroccan natural phosphate, vitreous phosphate materials (opal and
transparent) have been elaborated and compared to the standard industrial glass. From this
comparison, we point out that these new materials have some physical and chemical features at
least equivalent to those of silicate. Indeed, this phosphate glass is characterised by a low
melting temperature, a relatively low dilatation coefficient, a low density and a good chemical
durability.
This new phosphate glass could be considered as an appropriate material for some applications
such as: hollow glass, bio-glass, environment, etc.
58
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
59
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Effect of Intrinsic Defects on the Mobility of the Gallium Arsenide Grown by
Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
Anouar JORIO
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Dhar Elmehraz, Fès, Morocco
Temperature dependent electron mobility measurements are reported for lightly doped n-type
gallium arsenide (GaAs) grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD GaAs).
Using the Brooks–Herring model, the charge state of the impurity scattering centers is deduced
to be 1. The same measurements are reported for irradiated MOCVD GaAs, and it is deduced
that the charge state of the defects introduced is also 1. These observations are different from
previously reported mobility measurements on irradiated gallium arsenide grown by molecular
beam epitaxy (MBE GaAs), in which it was deduced that multiply charged scattering centers
are introduced by the irradiation. Photoluminescence and deep level transient spectroscopy are
used to identify the defects present in the as-grown and in irradiated GaAs. Through the
observation of the antisites, it is concluded that the MOCVD GaAs was grown under arsenic
rich conditions and the MBE GaAs under gallium rich conditions. Moreover, the gallium
vacancy defect (VGa) is observed in irradiated MOCVD GaAs, but not in irradiated MBE
samples. The mobility measurements on the MOCVD samples imply that the VGa charge state
defect is –1. It is speculated that the arsenic vacancy defect is introduced in irradiated MBE
GaAs and its charge state is –2
60
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Anouar JORIO
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Dhar Elmehraz, Fès, Morocco.
Education:
1995 Ph.D de Physique à l’université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke Canada
1986 Doctorat de 3ème cycle en Physique des Matériaux à l’université de Blaise Pascal,
Clermont Ferrand France
1983 Licence en Physique à l’université Mohammed V Rabat Maroc
Experience:
1995-present Professor, Fac. Des Sciences, Dhar El Mehraz, Fès, Maroc.
1986-1995 Assistant Professor, Fac. Des Sciences Dhar El Mehraz Fès Maroc.
1991-1995 Assistant of Research, Centre de Recherche en Physique du Solide, Université de
Sherbrooke- Canada.
Representative Recent Publications:
1. A. Zounoubi, K. El Messaoudi, I. Zorkani and A. JORIO« Magnetic field and finite barrierheight effects on the polarizability of a shallow donor in GaAs quantum wire » Supperlattices
and Microstructures. 21, 189 (2001).
2. . A. Zounoubi, K. El Messaoudi, I. Zorkani and A. JORIO « Finite Barrier Height Effect on
the polarizability of a shallow magneto-donor in a quantum box » Phys. Stat. Sol. (B) 233, 270
(2002)
3. A. Jorio, L. Sellami, M. Aubin and C. Carlone « Effect of intrinsic defects on the mobility of
gallium arsenide grown by molecular beam epitaxy and metal organic chemical vapour
deposition » J. Appl. Phys. , 91, 9887(2002).
4. A. Zounoubi, , I. Zorkani K. El Messaoudi and A. JORIO « Magnetic field effects on the
polarizability of a shallow donor in cylindrical quantum dot » Phys. Lett A 312, 220 (2002)
61
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Anionic Clays: Promising Materials for Water Purification
Ahmed LEGROURI
School of Science & Engineering - Al Akhawayn University
Significant industrial and academic interests are being paid to the anionic clays, also referred to
as layered double hydroxides and hydrotalcite-like compounds. This comes from their
important anionic exchange and intercalation aptitudes. Their structural units are made from a
stacking of positively charged brucite-like octahedral sheets. The net positive charge is
balanced by an equal negative charge of the interlayer hydrated ions. These materials have been
used to intercalate a series of phosphate ions with different charges and sizes as well as ions
belonging to the pesticide family 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, leading to the formation of
new stable hybrid materials. They have shown promising aptitude for the removal of inorganic
(phosphate, nitrate, chromate) and organic (pesticide) ions from aqueous solutions.
62
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Ahmed LEGROURI
Affiliation :
School of Science & Engineering - Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco
Education :
 The University, Glasgow, United Kingdom: Doctor of Philosophy: Materials Chemistry,
Dec. 1988.
 National Polytechnic Institute, Toulouse, France: Third Cycle Doctorate: Materials Science,
July 1982.
 Mohamed V University, Rabat: Licence ès-Sciences Physiques: Chemistry, June 1979.
Experience :
 Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane: Associate Professor (Dec. 1994 to date) - Academic
Coordinator for Science and Engineering (Sep. 1998 to date).
 Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech: Professor (Jan. 1993 - Dec. 1994), Maître de
Conférences (Jan. 1989 - Jan. 1993), On leave (Sep. 1985 - Jan. 1989), Maître-Assistant
(Sep. 1982 - Sep. 1985).
 The University, Glasgow: Demonstrator and Tutor (Jan. 1986 - Dec. 1988).
Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse: Assistant Lecturer (Sep. 1980 - June 1981).
Recent Representative Publications:

M. Lakraimi, A. Legrouri, A. Barroug, A. De Roy & J.P. Besse, Spectroscopic
characterization of the interaction of layered double hydroxides with aqueous solutions
containing the herbecide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate, Physical and Chemical News, (2003)
Accepted.

B. Houri, A. Legrouri, A. Barroug, C. Forano & J.P. Besse, Removal of dichromate ions
from aqueous solutions using Zn-Al-Cl and Zn-Cr-Cl hydrotalcite-like compounds, Journal
of Catalytic Materials and Environment, 1 (2003) 36-42.

L. Benaziz, A. Barroug, A. Legrouri, C. Rey & A. Lebugle, Adsorption of o-phospho-Lserine onto poorly crystalline apatite, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 238 (2001)
48-53.

A. Ennadi, A. Legrouri, A. De Roy & J.P. Besse, Shape and size determination for the zincaluminium-chloride layered double hydroxide crystallites by analysis of x-ray diffraction
line broadening, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 10 (2000) 2337-2341.

Ennadi, A. Legrouri, A. De Roy & J.P. Besse, X-ray diffraction pattern simulation for
thermally treated Zn-Al-Cl layered double hydroxide, Journal of Solid State Chemistry,
152 (2000) 568-572.

M. Lakraimi, A. Legrouri, A. Barroug, A. De Roy & J.P. Besse, Preparation of a new stable
hybrid material by chloride-2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate ion exchange into the zincaluminium-chloride layered double hydroxide, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 10 (2000)
1007-1012.

S. Ouizat, A. Barroug, A. Legrouri & C. Rey, Adsorption of bovine serum albumin on
poorly crystalline apatite: Influence of maturation, Materials Research Bulletin, 34 (2000)
2279-2289.
63
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Evolution of Structure and Properties of Melt-Quenched Partially Oriented
PET Yarns upon Heat-Treatment
Hyun Hoon Song
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Hannam University
133 Ojung-dong, Daeduck-gu, Deajeon, S. Korea
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has a high glass transition temperature and a slow
crystallization rate, which enables one to make nearly amorphous PET and thus easy to control
the final morphology.
The usages of PET in fibers and films are indeed based on the
mechanical orientation of super cooled PET and subsequent heat treatment. Many physical and
chemical changes of the fibers, including crystallization, glass transition as well as thermal
contraction or extension, can be noted by the post heat treatment and are sensitively dependent
on the degree of fiber orientation or the fiber spinning speed. The crystallization process of
mechanically oriented PET and the morphology have been extensively studied. One of the
interesting features associated with the crystallization of oriented super-cooled amorphous PET
is that the polymer exhibits a transient metastabe disordered structure prior to the final triclinic
crystal structure formation. The initial observation of the transient disordered structure in PET
crystallization was made more than two decades ago by Bonart and later by Asano et al. In
recent years, more detailed studies on this issue have been conducted by utilizing the
synchrotron X-ray source. Dimensional stability such as thermal contraction or extension of
oriented PET fiber is another interesting and important feature accompanying the heat
treatment, which can be utilized for the practical applications. They also have been widely
studied but the mechanisms are still controversial.
In this presentation, we will present our results of structure formation via crystallization in
oriented amorphous PET fibers spun at various spinning speed. X-ray scattering study on
annealing the highly oriented amorphous PET fiber demonstrated that the transient structure is
a layered smectic C type mesophase, where the chains are tilted against the fiber axis. We will
also discuss the transformation from a nematic-like amorphous structure to the smectic C type
mesophase and further to a triclinic structure based on tilting and slipping of the chains in
association with the shear force imposed on the chains upon heat treatment.
64
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Hyun Hoon Song
Affiliation:
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Hannam University
Education:
1984. Ph.D. Polymer Physics, University of Cincinnati, USA
1980. M.S. Textile Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
1978. B.S. Textile Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Experience:
1993- present Professor, Hannam University, Korea
1989-1993 Project Leader, Univ.. of Dayton Res. Institute, USA
1987- 1989 Post Doctoral Research Associate, MIT, USA
Recent Representative Publications:
1. Hyun Hoon Song, Jong-Kak Keum, Jin Mo Kim, Snag Man Lee, Yang-Kug Son, Jong-In
Choi, and Seung Soon Im, "Crystallization and Transient Mesophase Structure in Cold-Drawn
PET Fibers", Macromolecules, 36, 9878 (2003)
2. Chulhee Kim, Seok Joo Lee, Im Hae Lee, and Kyoung Taik Kim, Hyun Hoon Song, Hae-Jin
Jeon, "Stabilization of Supramolecular Nanostructures Induced by Self-Assembly of Dendritic
Building Blocks", Chem. Mater. 15, 3638 (2003)
3. M. Y. Gelfer, H. H. Song, L. Liu, B. S. Hsiao, B. Chu, M. Lafailovich. M. Si and V. Zaitsev,
"Effect of Organoclays on Morphology, Thermal and Rheological Properties of Polystyrene
and Poly(methylmethacrylate) Blends" J. Polymer Sci.: Part B: Polymer Physics, 41, 44 (2003)
4. K. H. Wang, M. H. Choi, C. M. Koo, M. Xu, I. J. Chung, M. C. Jang, S. W. Choi, H. H.
Song, "Morphology and Physical Properties of Polyethylene/Silicate Nanocomposite Prepared
by Melt Intercalation", J. Polymer Sci.: Part B: Polymer Physics, 40, 1454 (2002)
5. B.-K. So, M.-C. Jang, J.-H. Park, K-S. Lee, H. H. Song and S.-M. Lee, "Novel Bent-shaped
Liquid Crystalline Compounds, 1. Synthesis and Structure Analysis of Dimesogenic
Compounds with Azo Units, Optical Materials, 21, 68 (2002)
6. M. Gelfer, H. H. Song, L. Liu, C. Avila-Orta, L. Yang, M. Si, B. S. Hsiao, B. Chu, M.
Rafailovich and A. H. Tsou, "Manipulating the Microstructure and Rheology in PolymerOrganoclay Composites", Polymer Engineering & Science, 42 (9),1841 (2002)
7. Ki Hyun Wang, In Jae Chung, Min Cheol Jang, Jong Kahk Keum and Hyun Hoon Song,
“Deformation Behavior of PE/Silicate Nanocomposites As Studied by Real-time Wide-Angle
X-ray Scattering ", Macromolecules, 35, 5529 (2002)
8. C. Kim, K. T. Kim, Y. Chang, H. H. Song, T.-Y. Cho, and H.-J. Jeon, "Supramolecular
Assembly of Amide Dendrons", J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 123, 5586 (2001)
65
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
POLYMERIC MEMBRANES:
SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION IN WATER TREATMENTS
Azzeddine ELMIDAOUI
Laboratory of Separation Processes, University Ibn Tofail, Faculty of Sciences, B.P. 1246 Kénitra
Morroco.
The aim of this contribution is to present the various methods to elaborate the polymeric
synthesis membranes, especially ion exchange membranes and to show the big potential of the
membrane processes in the water treatments such as desalination or specific water treatments.
Examples of the Moroccan experiences will be presented.
66
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Azzeddine ELMIDAOUI
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Separation Processes, University Ibn Tofail, Faculty of Sciences, B.P. 1246
Kénitra Morocco
Education:
PhD at University of Languedoc France, 1988
PhD at university Mohamed V Morroco, 2001
Experience
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Directeur du Laboratoire des Procédés de Séparation, Université Ibn Tofail
Chef de Département de Chimie 98-2000
Membre du Conseil d’Université 94-98 et 2003-2006
Professeur à la Faculté des Sciences de Kénitra depuis 1992.
Maître de conférence à l'Ecole Normale Supérieure de Tetouan (1991-1992).
Chercheur post-doctorat au Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Montpellier.France 1988-1991)
Consultant Scientifique de la société Morgane (France) 91-94.
Consultant Scientifique de la société EURODIA France (Filiale Tokoyama Soda Japan) depuis 94
Expert auprès de la société SASCOC (Algérie) depuis1997 :Distribution d’eau et de gaz .
Expert auprès de la Commission Nationale d'Accréditation du Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la
Recherche Scientifique du Maroc : 97-2000
Consultant de la société MATRIS (France) depuis1998.
Expert auprès de la Commission d’Evaluation des Projets PROTARS relevant du Ministère de
l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique : 2000-2001
Consultant Scientifique du groupe européen WATECH-VABAG ( France) depuis 2000.
Expert auprès du Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique pour la mise en place
des Unités d’Appui Technique à la Recherche Scientifique (UATRS) 2001
Examinateur (Referee) auprès du Journal International DESALINATION (Elseiver) depuis juin 2003.
Membre de la Commission Nationale d’Attribution des Bourses de troisième cycle 2003-2006
Recent Representative Publications:
01 – Solubilisation of new Benzimidazolone-sugar derivatives in water/ non-ionic surfactant/butyl lactate
microemulsions. M.El Amrani, B.Lakhrissi, A.Elmidaoui, M.Massoui, N.Azmar, M.J.Garcia-Celma, C.Solans,
F.Gomelles. J.Com.Esp.Deterg. 30(2000)245-255.
02 – Solubilisation of new Benzimidazolone-sugar derivatives in micelles, mixed micelles and microemulsions.
M.El Amrani, A.Elmidaoui, N.Azmar, M.J.Garcia-Celma, C.Solans, F.Gomelles. J.Com.Esp.Deterg. 2001.
03 - Novel technique to regenerate activated alumina bed saturated by fluoride ions. H. Lounici, L.Addour,
D.Belhocine, A. El Midaoui, B.Bariou and N.Mameri. Chemical Engineering Journal 81 (2001) 153-160
04 - Selective nitrate removal by coupling electrodialysis and bioreactor. A.Elmidaoui, M..A.Mencouchi,
M.Tahaikt, L.Chay, M.Taky, M.Elmghari, M.Hafsi Desalination 153 (2002)389-397
05 – Optimization of nitrate removal operation from ground water by electrodialysis. A.Elmidaoui, F.Elhanouni,
M.Taky, L.Chay, M.A.Menkouchi Sahli, L.Echihabi, M.Hafsi, Separation and Purification Technology
29(2002)235-244 .
06 – Synthesis of ion exchange membranes from ozonized high density polyethylene. A.Zouahri, A.Elmidaoui,
B.Ameduri, Y.Hervaud, B.Boutevin. European Polymer Journal 38 (2002) 2247-2254
07 – Removal of melassigenic ions for beet sugar syrups by electrodialysis. A.Elmidaoui, L.Chay, M.Taky,
M.R.Alaoui Hafidi. Desalination 148 (2002) 143-148.
08 - Limiting current dependence on flow rates, concentration and electrolyte nature in an electrodialysis cell.
F.Elhanouni, M.O. Khattabi, M. Taky, T. Cherif, N.Mameri and A. Elmidaoui Submited to
J.Soc.Alg.Chimie.(2001).
09 – Elimination des nitrates par couplage de l’electrodialyse et d’un bioréacteur. M.Hafsi, H.Frej, A.Elmidaoui,
M.A.Menkouchi Sahli. Proceeding du colloque francophone MemPro 2. Montpellier 14 – 16 Mai 2003.
10 – Etude de l’équilibre liquide vapeur du mélange eau-isobutanol. H.Mazouz, M.Tahiri, A.Kossir, S.Hachimi,
B.Berdouzi, A.Elmidaoui Phys.Chem.News 12(2003) 118-122
67
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Stable Creep Crack Growth in Polymers
Sunwoong Choi
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Hannam University
A complex phenomenon of stable crack growth in polymers is well observed and investigated
for many years. In particular, in recent times, as the use of polymeric materials in load bearing
structural applications are increasing, the slow crack growth often becomes the measure of the
long-term performance. Unlike simple rapid brittle fractures where the crack initiation is
followed by an unstable crack propagation having undetermined velocities, slow crack growth
occur at conditions far below those for observing the rapid crack failures. In addition while the
description of a rapid unstable fracture can be adequately achieved by a single value of strain
energy release rate, observations indicates that this does not provide satisfactory picture of the
slow crack behavior, as stable crack growth in polymers can occurs though considerable
distance prior to instability. This presentation describes the work on the development of the
method for determining the extent of slow crack growth under the condition of creep loading.
Particular reference is made to polymeric structures of axial-symmetry, under sustained internal
pressure, as in pressure pipes, which often requires the performance lifetimes of 50years or
longer against the slow crack growth damage. The approach utilized the concept of crack tip
stress field and for this stress intensity factors are numerically determined for various loading
geometries and confirmations are made whenever possible with available closed form
equations. The stress intensity factors determined were applied to the corresponding creeprupture data, and analyzed to determined the optimum method for achieving the most effective
slow crack growth.
The method finally chosen has been adapted as the new work item in the international standard
test method and is under standardization development.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Sunwoong Choi
Affiliation:
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Hannam University
Education:
1992 Ph.D. Material Science&Engineering, Illinois Institute Technology, USA
1983 M.S. Material Science&Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA
1981 B.S. Metallurgical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA
1980 B.S. Mechanical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA
Experience:
1995-present Professor, Hannam University
1994-1995 Assistant Professor, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA
1992-1994 Senior Research Associate, Illinois Institute of Technology, U.S.A.
1986-1992 Senior Research Engineer, Broutman Co., Ltd., USA
Recent Representative Publications:
1. Mechanical Behavior of Electrospun Fiber Mats of Poly(vinyl chloride)/Polyurethane
Polyblends, J. Polymer Science: Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 41, 1256, 2003
2. Morphology and Physical Properties of Polyethylene/Silicate Nanocomposite Prepared by
Melt Intercalation, J. Polymer Science: Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 40, 1454, 2003
3. Collision Behavior of TPU Airbag,, J. Korean Fiber Soc., Vol. 40, No.1, 62, 2003
4. A Study on the Forming of CICC for the Superconducting Tokamac Device with PostForming Predictions via Virtual Manufacturing, IEEE Transactions on Applied
Superconductivity, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1751, 2002
5. In-situ Mechanical Behavior of Porous Biodegradable Polymer Scaffolds Fabricated by Melt
Molding Compression, Biomaterials Research, 5(4), 17, 2001
6. Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Poly(p-dioxanone)
Monofilament, J. Korean Fiber Soc., Vol.38, No. 4, 191, 2003
7. Complex Yield Behavior of PE100 Resin on PSGT, Plastics Pipe XI, 535, 2001,
An Alternative Method for Determining the Hydrostatic Design Basis for Plastic Piping
Materials, Plastics Pipe XI, 677, 2001
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Exchange Coupling and Curface Effects on Critical Behaviour of Magnetic
Nanostructure
M. Hamedoun (a), K. Bouslykhane(a), A. Hourmatallah (a,b)
(a)
Laboratoire de Physique du Solide, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Faculté
des Sciences Dhar Mahraz BP 1796, Fès Atlas, Morocco.
(b)
Equipe de Physique du Solide, Ecole Normale Supérieure, BP 5206, Bensouda Fès, Morocco.
By employing the high-temperature series expansions technique, we have analyzed the
phase transition and the critical phenomena of a ferromagnetic thin film (magnetic
nanostructure) through three models: Heisenberg, XY and Ising. The critical reduced
temperature is studied as function of the exchange interaction in the bulk and within the
surface J b , J s and J  respectively. The dependence of
 c on the thickness L of the film has
been investigated. A critical value of the surface exchange interaction in the film above which
the surface magnetism appears is obtained. The shifts of the critical temperatures Tc ( L ) from
T ()
 1] can be described by a power law L where  is the inverse of the
the bulk value [ c
Tc ( L )
correlation Length exponent. The obtained values are   1.34 ,   1.253 and   1.21 for
Heisenberg, XY and Ising models respectively. The critical exponent  associated with the
magnetic susceptibility is studied as function of J b , J s and J  . In a defined range of the
exchange interactions, the values of  are comparable to the universal ones and are
independent of the film thickness. The asymmetry of the structure and the competition of the
effects of the exchange coupling, are important for the magnetic properties of the system.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Mohamed Hamedoun
Affiliation:
Département de Physique, Laboratoire de Physique du Solide Sidi Mohamed ben abdellah
University, Fès, Morocco
Education:
1984-Doctorat d’état (PhD.), Solid State Physics Paris, Orsay (France)
1979-Doctorat de 3ème Cycle-Material Sciences, Rabat (Morocco)
1977-DEA (Master)- Theoretical Physics, Rabat (Morocco)
Experience:
1977- Assistant, Fac. Sciences, Rabat (Morocco)
1979- Maître-assistant, Fac. Sciences, Rabat (Morocco)
1984- Maître de Conférence, Fac. Sciences, Fès (Morocco)
1998- Professeur titulaire, Fac. Sciences, Fès (Morocco)
Recent Representative Publications:
-Critical Behaviour and Magnetic Interactions in the Diluted Systems, Zn xHg1-xCr2Se4 ( 0  x  1 ).M. Hamedoun,
F. Mahjoubi F. Z. Bakkali, A. Hourmatallah, M. Hachimi, and A. Chatwiti, Physica B : Condens. Matter 299, 1
(2001).
-Magnetic Properties and Critical Behaviour of the B. Spinel ,ZnxCd1-xCr2S4.,M. Hamedoun, F. Z. Bakkali, Y.
Cherriet , F. Mahjoubi, and A. Hourmatallah,Physica Scripta 61, 1 (2001).
-Metalic Pollution Study of Industriel and Urban Reject By Neutron Activation Analysis Of 14 Mev,H. Zaoui, M.
Hamedoun, A. Chaqroun, and A. Tahiri,Ann. Chim. Sci. Mat. 26, S185 (2001).
-Quantum Heisenberg Model with Long-Range Ferromagnetic Interactions: A Green Function Approach,M.
Hamedoun, Y. Cherriet, A. Hourmatallah, and N. Benzakour,Phys. Rev. B 63, 172402 (2001).
-Exchange and Magnetic Schort Range Order In the System CdCr 2S4(1-x)Se4x,M. Hamedoun, Y. Cherriet, A.
Hourmatallah, and N. Benzakour,Physica B 304, 382 (2001)
-Two-Spin Cluster Theory Applied to Ferromagnetic Spinel CdCr 2pIn2-2pS4.,Y. Cherriet and M. Hamedoun,J.
Magn. Magn. Mater. 224 (1), 106 (2001).
-XY Theoretical Phase Diagrams of the Thiospinels AB 2xB’2-2xS4, M. Hamedoun, M. Hachimi, A. Hourmatallah,
and K. Afif, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 233, 290 (2001).
-Determination of the level of some heavy metals in wastewater of oued fez by 14 mev neutron activation analysis,
H. Zoui, M. Hamedoun, A. Chaqroune, A. Senhou, M. Lfred, and A. Chouak, Journal Maghrébin de Physique, 1,
123 (2001).
-Phase Diagrams of Diluted Mixed Spin XY Model,M. Hamedoun, M. Hachimi, A. Hourmatallah , K. Afif, and A.
Benyousef, J. Magn. Magn. Mater 247 (2) 127 (2002).
-Universal class of criticality of diluted strongly frustrated systems, K. Afif, A. Benyoussef, and M. Hamedoun,
Chin. Phys. Lett. 19 (3) 402 (2002).
-Thermodynamic properties of the ferromagnetic spinel, M. Hamedoun, Y. Cheriet, and A. Hourmatallah, J.
Magn. Magn. Mater. 247 (3) 242 (2002).
-Magnetic phase diagrams of diluted B-spinel AxA’1-xB2X4 :a study through XY model, M. Hachimi, M.
Hamedoun, H. Bakrim, A. Hourmatallah, Z. El Achheb, and L. Ajana, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 256, 412 (2003).
-Electronic and magnetic properties of diluted magnetic semiconductor A1-xMxTe (A=Cd, Zn) ( 0  x  1 ), M.
Hamedoun, Z. El Achheb, H. Bakrim, A. Hourmatallah, N. Benzakour, and A. Jorio, Phys. Stat. Sol. 236, 661
(2003).
-Phase transition in magnetic superlattice : high-temperature series expansions approach, H. Bakrim, M.
Hamedoun, and A. Hourmatallah, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 261, 415 (2003).
-Phase transition in Heisenberg magnetic film, M. Hamedoun, H. Bakrim, A. Hourmatallah, and N. Benzakour,
Surface Science, 539, 155 (2003).
-Traitement de l’air contamine aux vapeurs de styrene par un biofiltre a base de compost
A. Tahiri, F. Tremblay, M. Hamedoun and M. Heitz, Journal of Catalytic Materials and Environment, 11, 119,
2003
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Filler-Elastomer Interactions: Interfacial Adhesion of Silicas/Rubber Compoundings
Soo-Jin Park†
Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology,
P.O. Box 107, Yusong, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
†
e-mail: (psjin@krict.re.kr)
Commercial applications of elastomers often require the use of particulate fillers to obtain
the desired reinforcement. In this work, the effect of thermal treatment on crosslink density and
adhesion properties of nanoscaled silica/rubber compounding were investigated. The chemical
structures and surface properties of modified silicas were studied in terms of Fourier transformIR (FT-IR), solid-state
29
Si-NMR spectroscopy, respectively. Also, the mechanical interfacial
properties of the silica/rubber compounding were determined by the crosslink density and
tearing energy (GⅢC). As a result, it was found that the thermally treated silicas became
hydrophobic in nature, due to the condensation of surface hydroxyls and the formation of
siloxane bond. From which, the increase of the siloxane bond on the silica surfaces led to an
improvement of the dispersion of silicas in a rubber matrix, finally resulting in improving the
tearing energy in a compounding system.
100
T-400
Transmittance (%)
T-300
80
2
GIIIC (kJ/m )
T-200
T-100
pristine
794
(Si-O-Si)
963
(Si-OH)
3800~3000 (-OH)
60
40
20
1104 (Si-O-Si)
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
0
500
-1
pristine
T-100
T-200
T-300
T-400
Wavenumber (cm )
Figure 1. FT-IR spectra of the silicas
modified by thermal treatment.
Figure 2. Tearing energy (GIIIC) of
the silica/rubber compoundings.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Soo-Jin Park
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
Education:
1992 Ph.D. Physical Chemistry, CNRS, France
1989 M.S. Physical Chemistry, CNRS, France
1986 B.S. Chemical Engineering, Ajou University, Korea
Experience:
2003-present Editorial board, J of Colloid and Interface Science, USA
1996-present Principal Research Scientist, KRICT, Korea
1994-1995 Samsung Co., Korea
Recent Representative Publications:
1. Min-Kang SEO and Soo-Jin PARK, "Electrical Resistivity and Rheological Behaviors of
Carbon Nanotubes-filled Polypropylene Composites" Chemical Physics Letters,in press.
2. Min-Kang SEO and Soo-Jin PARK, "Influence of Fluorination on Surface Characteristics of
Carbon Nanotubes", J. of Physical Chemistry B, in press.
3. Soo-Jin PARK, Fan-Long JIN, and Jae-Rock LEE, "Synthesis and Thermal Properties of
Epoxidized Vegetable Oil", Macromolecular Rapid Communication, 25, 724 (2004).
4. Soo-Jin PARK, Min-Kang SEO, and Kyong-Yop RHEE, "Electrokinetics of Carbon Fibers
Produced by a Direct Oxyfluorination", J. of Physical Chemistry B, 107, 13100 (2003).
5. Soo-Jin PARK, Ki-Sook CHO, and Seung-Kon RYU, "Filler-Elastomer Interactions:
Influence of Oxygen Plasma Treatment on Surface and Mechanical Properties of Carbon
Blacks/Rubber Composites", Carbon, 41, 1437 (2003)
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
POSTERS
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
New fluorinated acrylic copolymers with cyano compounds for dielectric
material : synthesis and characterization
M. RAIHANE 1), B. AMEDURI 2)
1) Laboratory of Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques –
Avenue Abdelkrim Khattabi - BP 549 40000 Marrakech (Morocco). E-mail : m.raihane@fstgmarrakech.ac.ma (or raihanem@yahoo.fr)
2) Laboratory of Macromolecular Chemistry- Ecole Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier – 8 Rue Ecole
Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex5 (France). ameduri@cit.enscm.fr
Polymers containing polar substituents including cyano groups are for interest in the
development of advanced electrical and optical materials because of the large dipole moment
from the polar substituent (CN)1). Since high dielectric and piezoelectric activity of amorphous
and alternating copolymer of vinylidene cyanide and vinyl acetate
2)
was observed, a growing
interest in the copolymerisation of cyano monomers with various acrylic, vinylic or styrenic has
been observed in order to study their microstructure and dielectric properties 3). Other cyanide
monomers like methacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile and methylvinylidene cyanide copolymerize
with styrene, vinyl acetate and methyl -acetoxyacrylate and some of the resulting copolymers
have an interesting pyroelectic
4)
and dielectric properties 5). Several fluoroalkylacrylate and
methacrylate polymers have been developed and their physical properties have been studies 6).
Dielectric relaxation studies were made on the series of poly(fluoroalkylmethacrylate), there
were observed  above Tg and  relaxations below Tg which are assigned to reorientation of
segments and local molecular motion of fluoroalkyl side groups 7).
In order to develop the new dielectric polymers containing CN and C-F substitutes, we
describe
in
this
paper
the
copolymerization
between
cyano
monomers
and
a
fluoroalkylmethacrylate. We have choose methacrylonitrile (MAN), acrylonitrile (AN) and
methyvinylidene cyanide (MVCN) as cyano monomers, the last one has been synthesised from
acetaldehyde and malononitrile in presence of -alanin as a base, using Knovenagel reaction.
2,2,2 -Trifluoroethyl methacrylate (MATRIF) are used as a fluorinated comonomer and
distilled before. Monomers (AN) or (MAN) or (MVCN) and comonomer (MATRIF) in equal
proportions with 1 wt % of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) were heated during 24 hours, in
acetonitrile as solvent, at 80 °C in a sealed and degassed tube. The content of the tube was
purified by solubilization in dimethylformamide, chloroform or tetrahydrofuran and
precipitated by methanol or pentane then dried. The yield of the copolymerisation was close
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
between 40 to 60%. These copolymers were analyzed by RMN 1H,
13
C,
19
F, IR, DSC, TG,
GPC…. The results of elemental analyses and the measurements of the areas in RMN Spectras
show that the percentage of incorporation of (AN) and (MAN) in the copolymers is in around
44%. However only 5% of MVCN are incorporated in the copolymer MVCN/MATRIF:
MVCN is less reactive toward the MATRIF’s radicals. The Thermogravimetric analyses were
performed, and they showed that the thermal decomposition occurred at 200, 224 or 254 °C
respectively for copolymers of MVCN, MAN or AN where the copolymers were exposed to
azote. The TGV curves of the Thermogravimetric analyses for these fluoropolymers indicated
that the process of degradation depend on the nature of cyano monomer. The global weight loss
is around of 99%, it seems that the basic thermal degradation of these copolymers would be a
chain scission. Studies on its electrical properties will be performed in the near future.
Reference
1) H. Tanaka, T. Okazaki, Y. Tezuka, T. Hongo, Y. Takahashi, Polymer 43, 1189 (2002).
2) S. Miyata, M. Yoshikawa, S. Tasaka, M. Ko, Polymer, J, 12, 875 (1980).
3) A. Belfkira, A. Sadel, J.P Montheard, G. Boiteux, J. M. Lucas, G. Seytre, Polymer, 34 (19),
4015 (1993).
4) H.K. Hall Jr, A. B. Padias, G. Chu, H-Y Lee, I. Kalinin, M. Sansone, G. Breckenridge.J.
Poly. Sci. Part A: Polym; Chem, 30, 2341 (1992).
5) M. Raihane, J. P Montheard, G. Boiteux. Macromol.Chem. Phys, 17, 201 (2000).
6) A. Okawara, T. Maekawa, Y. Ishida, M. Matsuo. Polym.Prepr. Jpn, 40, 3098, (1991).
7) S. Koizumi, K. Tadano, Y. Tanaka, T. Shimidzu, S. Kutsumizu, S. Yano, Macromolecules,
95, 6563 (1992).
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Nanocomposite by insitu polymerization of teraethoxysilane in polyimide
polymer: Effect of the coupling agent in the microstructure and interfacial
interaction
Hamid KADDAMI
University CADI AYYAD, Faculty of Science and Technics-Guéliz, Avenue Abdelkrim Elkhattabi,
B.P. 549, Marrakech, Morocco
C. BECKER-VILLINGER, H. K. SCHMIT and H. SCHMIDT
Institut für Neue Materialien, Im Stadtwald, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
Because of their thermal stability, electric insulation, physical and mechanical
properties, polyimide materials have been extensively used in the aerospace and electronic
fields[1]. The applications of polyimide include insulating or dielectric layers, passivation
layers, etc [2]. These applications require good mechanical and physical properties, especially
specific thermal expansion. In electric applications an enormous heat may be generated. The
mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficient could induce a catastrophic destruction of the
multilayer. The introduction of inorganic material into the polyimide is one of the best methods
to overcome these problems.
In recent years, numerous studies have been reported on hybrid organic-inorganic
materials which use the well known polymerization of silicon or titanium alkoxides[3-8]. This
synthesis approach enables to incorporate inorganic networks into organic polymeric materials.
It also provides connectivity between organic and inorganic phases, either by in-situ
precipitation of SiO2 particles into elastomers or by hydrolysis and condensation of inorganic
alkoxides, generally tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), within organic thermoplastic polymers. The
final microstructure of the organic-inorganic materials depends not only on the kinetics of the
hydrolysis and condensation of the alkoxides, but also on the strength of interactions between
the two phases.
In this work transmission electron microscopy (TEM), small angle X-ray (SAXS) and
dynamical mechanical analysis (DMTA) were used to characterize the morphology and
thermomechanical properties of hybrid organic inorganic materials. These materials were based
on polyimide (PI) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). Polyimide polymer is prepared from 4,4’Oxydianiline (ODA) 2,2-Bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoro-propane (6F-OHDA)
Pymometlittic dianhydride (PMDA) polyamic polymer. In one family of hybrid materials 3isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane (ICTS) is used as coupling agent to enhance the interfacial
interaction between polyimide and silica. It was possible to modulate the morphology, optical
and thermomechanical properties of these hybrid material depending on the formulation used.
TEM and SAXS analysis indicate that silica domain of nanometric size are obtained when
coupling agent is used in the formulation. TEM and SAXS analysis indicate that miscibilization
of organic and inorganic phase in the hybrid films at the molecular scale is obtained by the
addition of ICTS to the polyamic acid. So the addition of ICTS brings a morphological
transformation from a dispersed particles microstructure to fine interpenetrated or cocontinuous phases. This miscibilisation of the phase is accompanied by the amelioration of
thermomechanical properties of the hybrid films.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
References :
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
G. Feger, M.M. Khojasteh, J.E. McGrath. Polyimides: Materials, Chemistry and
Characterization, Elsvier, Amsterdam, 1989.
S. Numata and N. Kinjo, Polym. Eng. Sci., 1988, 28, 906-925.
C. Sanchez and F. Ribot, New J. Chem., 1994, 1007-1047.
B. Wang and G. Wilkes, Pure Appl. Chem., 1994, A 31, 249-269.
R. Kasemann and H. Schmidt, in First European Workshop on Hybrid Organic –
Inorganic Materials: Synthesis, Properties, Applications (Château de Bierville, France,
1993), pp. 171-180.
H. Kaddami, F. Surivet, J. F. Gérard, T.M Lam and J. Pascault, J. Inorg. Organomet.
Poly., 1994, 4, 183-198
G. J.T. Landry, B.K. Coltrain and B.K. Brady, Polymer, 1992, 33, 1486-1495
P. Hajji, H. KADDAMI, J.F. Gérard, L. David, J.P. Pascaultand G. Vigier, Better
Ceramics Through Chemistry, B.K. Coltrain, C. Sanchez and G. Wilkes eds. MRS Publ., 1999.
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Organometallic Synthesis of co-polymers based on
thiophene and phenylene. A route to organic conjugated polymers with
improved physical properties
M. Bouachrine *a, S. Bouzakraoui a, M. Hamidi a, S. Ayachi b, K. Alimi b,
J.-P. Lère-Porte c, J. Moreau c
a
LRMM, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B.P. 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, Morocco
b
Laboratoire des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
c
LCO, ENSCM, 8 Rue l’Ecole Normale, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
*Corresponding author, E-mail : lrmm_fste@yahoo.fr or mbouach@hotmail.com
Organic materials promise inexpensive, lightweight and easy-to-produce light emitting
have received a great attention for possible commercial electronic devices. Over the years, the
use of polymers has become nearly as deeply rooted in Light Emitting Diodes (LED) and Field
Effect Transistor (FET). The necessity of finding new organic materials has caused great
concern in scientific community. One of the most important polymers which allow a very
flexible structure and having promising properties is polythiophene.
In fact, due to its high chemical stability and carrier mobility, this polymer has been
exploited for manufacturing electronic devices (LED, FET and photodiodes). In parallel, it is
shown in many works that organometallic chemistry was used to control the regularity of the
polymer sequences and to improve the electronic properties of conducting materials. In this
context, We explore in this work an organometallic coupling catalyzed by the palladium of tin
derivatives and an aromatic halide known Stille coupling to prepare co-polymers based on
thiophene and phenylene which their optical properties for future applications are great of
interest.
References
-
T.A. Skotheim (Ed.), Handbook of Conducting Polymers, Marcel Dekker, New York,
1986, p. 351
M. Bouachrine, S. Bouzakraoui, M. Hamidi, S. Ayachi, K. Alimi, J.-P. Lère-Porte, J.
Moreau, Synthetic Metals 145 (2004) 237–243
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Density Functional Theory study of oligo-para-phenylenes in their neutral,
polaronic and bipolaronic states
S. Bouzakraoui, S.M. Bouzzine, M. Hamidi , M. Bouachrine*
LRMM, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B. P.509 Boutalamine, Errachidia, MAROC
*Corresponding author, E-mail: lrmm_fste@yahoo.fr
Abstract
Conjugated polymers have an alternating sequence of single and double bonds, giving rise
to -orbitals that are delocalised over several monomer units. In general, these materials are
wide band gap semiconductors in their pristine state, but can become conducting on oxidative
or reductive doping. Poly(para-phenylene) is for interest. It can emit blue light when electrons
and positive charges are injected inside it. These physical properties, combined with the low
cost and ready processability, make these materials interesting candidates for optoelectronic
applications such as field effect transistors (FET), light emitting diodes (LED) and photovoltaic
cells. We present here a DFT study of structural parameters and optoelectronic properties of
oligo-para-phenylenes from the dimer to the octamer in its neutral, polaronic and bipolaronic
states.
Keywords: Conjugated polymers, poly(para-phenylene)s, DFT, Neutral state, Oxidised states,
Optoelectronic properties
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Tetrakis(phenylethynyl)tin (IV); A Versatile Catalyst for the Preparation of
Synthetic Biopolymers
Mohammed LAHCINIa, Mikko KALMIb, Pascal CASTROb, Timo REPOb, and Markku
LESKELÄb
a
Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique et Macromoléculaire, Département de Chimie, Faculté des
Sciences et Techniques Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad , BP 549 Marrakech, Morocco.
b
Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, A. I Virtasen aukio 1 PO. BOX 55, Fin00014 University of Helsinki, Finlande
Recent developements in the biomaterial field have been focused on biodegradable
polymers. Among hese polymers much progress has been made in polylactades (PLA),
polycaprolactone (PCL) and thier copolymers. Because they degrade to body metabolites, i. e.
Lactic acid, by hydrolysis of esters bonds, they have high biocompatibility, non toxicity and
easy processabilitiy in differentforms1,2.
The most efficient way of preparing of polylactides is the ring-opening polymerisation
(ROP) of the lactide. Initiator for lactide polymerisation are typically based on alkoxide or
alkanoate complexes of metals such as Al, Mg, Zn and Sn3,4.
For the applications of plylactides in biomedicals networks, it is desirable for the
polymer to be non toxique, biocompatible and resorbable.5 Tin(II) catalysts such as
Sn(ethylhexanoate)2 are generally prefered in the commercial production of polylactides for
medical or pharmaceutical applications owing to the low toxicity of Sn(II) alkoxide comparede
to other metal6. However in the recent report studies of the mechanism of Sn(Oct)2, mediated
polymerizations of lactide at 80°C in the presence of an added alcohol have shown that the
active specie is the Sn(II)alkoxide7; not the Sn(II) 2-ethylhexanoate. Independently prepared,
the Sn(OBu)2 is also an effective catalyst, although it exists a number of aggregates in
solution8. The aggregation of catalyst and/or of metal-capped polymer chains creates multiple
catalytic species and can complicate the interpretation of kinetic data.
In the current study in our laboratory we have demonstrated that tetrakis(alkoxy)tin is
the best active tin alcoxide catalyst for the ring opening polymerization of lactide. However,
tetrakis(alkoxy)tin is extremely air- and moisture- sensitive, it needs more precautions than
Sn(II) 2-ethylhexanoate in the manipulation.
In the present work we report results of studies of polymerization of lactide initiated
with tetrakis(phenylethynyl)tin, which provides, probably, the first example for the ring
opening polymerization of lactide, this catalyst presents several requirements like : Tin-alkynyl
bond can be cleaved by alcohol to lead tin-alkoxide bond active species for the ring opening
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
polymerization, it can be cleaved by water to lead to tin oxide, a non-toxic compound for
biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Finally, Tin-alkynyl bonds were stable enough to
be manipulated in air for short periods of time.
1
Kharas, G.B.; Sanchez-Riera, F.; Sevenson, D.K. In Plastics from microbes; Mobley, D. P.; Ed.;
Hanser Publishers: Munich, 1994; Chapter 4.
2
Vert,M.; Li, S. M.; Spenlehauer, G.; P.; Guerin,. J. Mater. Sci.; Mater. Med. 1992, 3, 432.
3
degrée, P. ; Dubois, P. ; Jerome, R. ; Jacobsen, S. ; Fritz, H. G. Macromol. Symp. 1999, 144, 289-302.
4
Agrawal, S.; Mast, C.; Dehnicke, K.; Greiner, A. Macromol. Rapid commun.2000, 21, 195-212.
5
(a)E.E. Schmitt and R.A. Rohistina, US Pat., 3463158, 1969 (Chem. Abstr.; 1969, 71, P92382t). (b)
A.Tullo. Chem. Eng. News 2000 Jan 17 (no. 3), 13.
6
K. M. Stridsberg, M. Ryner, A.-C. Albertsson, Adv. Polym. Sci., 2002, 157, 41
7
(a) Kawalski, A.; Duda, A.; Penczek, S. Macromolecules 2000, 33, 689. (b) Kawalski, A.; Duda, A.;
Penczek, S. Macromolecules 2000, 33, 7359.
8
Kawalski, A.;Libiszowski, J.; Duda, A.; Penczek, S. Macromolecules 2000, 33, 1964.
9
Jaumier, P.; Jousseaume, B., Lahcini, M.; François,R., Sanchez, C. Chem.commun 1998, 369-370.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Electrical and EPR studies of alkali-molybdophosphate glasses
L. BIHa, A. NADIRIb, Y. EL AMRAOUIc
a
Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux, FST-Errachidia, BP 509, Boutalamine,
Morocco.
b
UFR, SMI, FS– Meknès, BP 4010 Beni M’hamed, Morocco.
c
Laboratoire de Physique Statistique et Modélisation des Systèmes, FST-Errachidia, BP 509,
Boutalamine, Morocco.
The effect of lithium oxide Li2O in yLi2O–(1-y)[0.40(MoO3)2–0.60(P2O5)] ternary system has
been studied by impedance spectroscopy (IS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)
spectroscopy. Direct electrical (dc) conductivity data obey an Arrhenius type behaviour in the
temperature range 273 K–520 K. For glasses which correspond to region I (y < 0.20), electrical
conductivity can be interpreted by the small polaron model. In such a glass, molybdenum has
two valence states Mo5+ and Mo6+. In the y > 0.20 domain (region II), ionic conductivity
prevails. EPR spectra show that the interaction between molybdenum Mo5+ centres (which are
essential for electronic hopping) strongly depends on Li2O content. The resolution of the
hyperfine structure, involving coupling to odd 95Mo and 97Mo isotopes, for glasses with high y
value is in agreement with their electrical behaviour.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Study of the thermal behaviour of strained InAs/GaAs quantum dots by
photoluminescence technique
A. Chahboun1, 3, N. I. Baidus1, 2, M. I. Vasilevskiy1, M. J. M. Gomes1,
I. A. Karpovich2, B. N. Zvonkov2, and P.B. Demina2
1
Universidade do Minho, Departamento de Fisica, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
2
N.I. Lobachevskiy University, Nihzniy Novgorod, Russia
3
LPS, Faculté des Sciences Dhar Mehraz, BP 1796, FES, Maroc
InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QD’s) have demonstrated their potential for future
applications in low threshold lasers emitting at 1.5μm wavelength suitable for optical fibers [1].
It has been shown earlier that the thickness of the GaAs capping layer influences dramatically
the emission wavelength [1] and the temperature dependence of the emission intensity. In most
QD’s applications, the devices are supposed to work at room temperature or even higher.
However, the luminescence is often quenched at temperatures lower than 300K, due to the
carrier’s escape from the QD [2, 3]. In order to improve the emission performance, it is
important to investigate the factors influencing the temperature dependence of the emission.
In this work we have studied the influence of the capping layer (GaAs) on the
temperature behavior of the photoluminescence from (QD). Three MOVPE-grown samples
with different thicknesses (7, 10, and 30nm) of the capping layer were investigated, with the
corresponding emission energy at room temperature of 0.788, 0.8, and 0.85 eV, respectively.
The experimental results show an increase of the temperature threshold for the quenching
phenomenon with the growth of the capping layer thickness. A theoretical model has been
developed which takes in account the inter-level transitions, recombination and thermal escape
of the photocarriers. The obtained values of the activation energies agree well with the
expected energy band diagram of the structure.
[1] H. Saito, K. Nishi and S. Sugou, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 2742 (1998)
[2] E. C. Le Ru, J. Fack and R. Murray; Phys. Rev. B 67, 245318 (2003)
[3] S. Sanguinetti et al, Phys. Rev. B 60, 8276 (1999)
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Properties of Sm2-xCexCuO4-δ superconducting thin films grown by MBE
M. Boujida
University of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdullah
Faculty of Science and Techniques
Laboratory of Signals systems and components
Department of Electrical engineering, Route Immouzer BP 2202 Fes Morocco
The electron doped superconductors, such as Sm2-xCexCuO4-δ are an interesting class of cuprate
material to consider [1]. The films were prepared on NdGaO3 [110] by MBE. The carriers are
presumed to be donated to the system both by Ce4+ substitution for Nd3+ and by the formation of
oxygen vacancies. These materials have lower critical temperature than YBCO. A maximum Tc of
20K corresponds to x = 0.15 [2].
The samples were systematically characterized by X-Ray diffraction and transport measurements.
The films are textured i.e. the c-axis lattice parameters are perpendicular to the substrate. The caxis lattice parameter is deduced from the X-Ray diffraction pattern, for different concentration of
carriers via the changing of oxygen content by doing various oxygen anneals reversibly, from well
below to well above the optimum carrier’s concentration.
The effect of oxygen content in this material is different of that of YBCO. The results show a
remarkable correlation between the c-axis lattice parameter and the optimal critical temperature, so
that C-axis lattice parameter is the minimum when Tc maximum. The fit of the resistivity data in
the normal state shows a 3D-2D crossover around 200K and the complexity of the Hall coefficient
RH with the temperature and the oxygen content require a 2-band model, a band of mobile impurity
doped electrons which coexists with lattice distortion induced hole band [3].
The reducing removes the oxygen apical which leads to the decrease of the C-axis lattice parameter
value and the compound is transformed from T to T* to T´-phase [4]. A clear evidence for the
Anderson Localization is observed
The oxygen atoms in the compound of Sm1.85Ce0.15CuO4-δ play an important role, the reduction
transforms the compound, the electrical properties indicate a very interesting change: Insulator 
Superconductor  Metal, this picture is in good agreement with the proposal of B.K.Chakraverty
[5]. Probably our results open a new field for the comprehension of the so called high T c oxide
superconductors.
[1] Y.Tokura, H.Takagi and S.Ushida, Nature, 337 (1989) 345.
[2] M.Boujida and V.C.Matijasevic Physics of Low Dimensional Structure, 7/8 (2003) 55-68
[3] M.Boujida and V.C.Matijasevic Physics of Low Dimensional Structure, 9/10 (2003) 109-112
[4] M.Boujida and V.C.Matijasevic submitted to Physica C (2004)
[5] B.K.Chakraverty. J Phsy Lett.40, L-99 (1979)
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Elaboration of Grafted Celluloses as Ion Exchangers from Natural Materials
Application to the Adsorption of Dyes
S. Elbariji1, M. Elamine2, H. Eljazouli1, H. Kabli1, A. Lacherai2*, et A. Albourine 1
1
Laboratoire Chimie Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Zohr, B.P : 8106, Cité Dakhla.
Agadir, Maroc
2
Laboratoire Chimie Organique et de Bioorganique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Zohr,
B.P. 8106, Cité Dakhla. Agadir, Maroc.
For use as ion exchangers and particularly as purification agents for textile industrial
effluents. The chemical modification of natural materials of origin cellulosique ( cotton and
wood ) by several functions such as carboxylique, amide, amino, ester…., confers some
specific features for the elimination of the textile dues by adsorption.
The different steps of these processes consist to the preparation of the sample then to the
graftings of the functions. Several parameters may be important, such as temperature, time,
quantity of reagents, catalyst,…..
A complet survey on cotton and wood, is achieved beforehand. The grafting of the
succinic anhydride and the analytic tests of adsorption of the dyes yellow basic 250% and
Orange of methyl is optimized in the goal of an use on industrial scale.
The parameters which were varied during our experiments adsorption are the pH, the
time and initial concentration of stain. The results obtained made it possible to develop a
process of remove color where the percentages of removal can reach 100% for pH≥4 the dyes
yellow basic 250% on the two supports during one hour the adsorption, as for the middle is
very acidic (pH< 2.3) the maximal output of the adsorption Orange of methyl to 70%.
In addition, the exploitation of the isotherms of adsorption can be governed by the
isotherms of Langmuir.
From the values of the maximum capacities of adsorption. the supports used proves to
be effective in the elimination of the cation dyes.
Keywords : Adsorption ; Cellulose ; Color ; Cotton ; Grafting ; Textile wastewater ; Wood
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Resistance of Compression of Mixing Cement with Fine Sand
E. ABBASS, E. GOURRI, M. Ezzahery and N. ELALEM
Laboratoire de Chimie Minérale Appliquée et Génie des Procédés
Faculté des Sciences, B.P 8106, Cité Dakhla, Agadir
E. mail : nelalem@caramail.com
E. mail : gourri2005@yahoo.fr
This study consists to study the constituents of the concrete, to determine the
constitution of this latter by mixing the cement with fine sand and to compare the reologic
performance before and after to make the necessary correction on the sand.
The chemical composition is determined by different physical and chemical methods
and the mineralogical constitution is calculated from Chemical analysis via using Bogue
method.
The analysis realised on Oued Souss gravel and Ben Sergao sand. The results of
different analysis (granulometry, visible and absolute volume masses, water's content, sand's
equivalent…..) showed that Ben Sergao's sand have majority of fine elements it's not clean for
the construction of a good concrete ( FM = 0,86 ).
We have noticed that the mixture graph is a continuing graph, then we have tested the
dosage formula defined by some testing studies and to make the necessary corrections.
The result showed that the resistance to compression is very good of cement mixture
with sand of Ben Sergao in which we have added a quantity of sand of Oued Souss (FM =
2,8).
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Materials and Solar Photovoltaic Cells
K. ZAZI*, H. Hamdi**
*National Center of Scientific and Technical Research - Rabat (Morocco)
**National school of energy and mines
CNRST, 52, Av Omar Ibn El Khattab. BP 8027-10.102 Agdal. Rabat, - Marocco
Fax: 00 212 37 77 12 88 E-Mail: zazi@cnr.ac.ma
The development of research in materials and process of fabrication had open the way to novel
investigations in solar photovoltaic cells. Specially adopted by the U.S. space program the solar
photovoltaic cells spawned a number of innovations to resolve the need of energy, and cost of
some source of energy like fossil, petrol and gas. In this paper we investigate current state of
the art in the field of solar photovoltaic cell materials, their technologies and some issues and
innovations in the field that encourage their world growth utilization.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Synthesis of New Sensors Gaz: Nanosized Materials Based of Ceria
K.Ouzaouit 1,2, A.Benlhachemi 1, H.Benyaich 1, L.Aneflous 1, M.A.Fremy
2, S.Villain 2 , J.A.Musso 2, J.R-Gavvari 2
1
Equipe PCM, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Zohr, BP :8106. Agadir, Maroc.
2
Laboratoire L2MP, UMR CNRS 6137, Université de Toulon et du Var, BP : 132, 83957- La
Garde – France.
Nanosized cerium dioxide is a very important material with a wide range of applications
such as catalyst for a number of reactions, as optical additives and ionic conduction as well as
for the removal of organic compounds from wastewater through oxidation [1,2]. The reason of
this is that the ceria lattice can contain a high concentration of highly mobile oxygen vacancies
and can thus act as a powerful sensor gaz of both environmental and industrial interest. In this
area it is often advatageous to use materials having high specific area, e.g. materials with very
small particle size (<100 nm) [3]. Several preparation techniques such as beam evaporation
and magnetron sputtering have been used.
During the last years there are numerous researches being carried out on obtaining and
investigating pure ceria and ceria based oxides, the aim is double:
-
To improve catalytic properties of these materials.
-
To study the influence of synthesis way on thermal stability of ceria
based oxides.
The present work deals with the preparation of pure ceria by different methods : a
conventional co- precipitation, and a new sol-gel process. The crystallites size was also carried
out using the Scherrer formula, with the aim to study the role of synthesis way on properties of
pure nanosized powder of ceria, the catalytic oxidation of methane CH4 was studied at low
temperature (350°C).
In order to investigate the influence of dopant samples with different molar contents of
metals were synthsis. A linear correlation between the lattice parametrs and the metal content
confirm the incorporation of dopant in the ceria lattice. The catalytic activity was also found to
increase by introduction of dopant. A suitable choice of syntheisi way and dopant content is a
key to make use of such nano - materials based of ceria for gaz sensor applications with a great
interest .
[1] : S.Rossignol, Y.Madier, D.Duprez; Catalysis Today 50 (1999) 261 – 270
[2] : J.B.Wang, De Tsai, T.J.Huang Journal of Catalysis 208 (2002) 370 – 380
[3] : A.E.C.Palmkvist, M.Wirde, U.Gelius, M.Muhammed, Nanostructured Materials
Vol11, No 8.(1999) 995 - 1007
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Flux Flow and Noise Power Spectral Density in Thin Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-
Films
A. Labrag, A. Taoufik and A. Ramzi
Laboratory of materials superconductors at high critical temperature,
Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
Sadok Senoussi
Laboratory of Solid Physics, Paris Sud University, Orsay Cedex, France.
We have studied the effect of a magnetic field on the noise power spectral density S(f) in
YBa2Cu3O7- thin films. Measurements were performed for various magnetic field, up to 14T,
and in a large range of temperatures. we represented the noise power spectral density in the
space (S, T, f). We found that in thin films deposed by the laser ablation method on the surface
(001) of SrTiO3 substrate, the noise power spectral density S(f) increased as increasing the
applied magnetic field and that all the peaks of temperature dependent noise power spectral
density at a determined frequency value were appeared near the transition temperature normalsuperconductors. The first result suggested that the extra noise under the applied magnetic field
in the mixed state may be caused by the flux motion in the high-Tc superconducting thin films
and the latter one implied that temperature magnetic field affected the noise power spectrum
dependently.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Analysis of the 1/f Noise in High-Tc Superconducting Thin Films
A. Taoufik, A. Labrag and A. Ramzi
Laboratory of Materials Superconductors at High Critical Temperature,
Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
Sadok Senoussi
Laboratory of Solid Physics, Paris Sud University, Orsay Cedex, France.
We have studied the power spectral density S(f) of the noise in YBa2Cu3O7- thin films
under the effect of a magnetic field of 14T and a direct current of 3nA for different
temperatures in a large range of frequencies 0.1- 1000 Hz. We found that in thin films deposed
by the laser ablation method on the surface (001) of SrTiO3 substrate, the noise power changes
to a lorentzain shape in the form of A(1+( f/f0)3)-1 were A is constant and f0 is a characteristic
frequency. Our results suggested that the main source for the 1/f noise power in the mixed state
is the thermally activated vortex motion in the high-Tc superconducting thin films. The S(f)
behavior is similar to that was observed recently by other authors in 2H-NbSe2 single crystal.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Irreversibility Magnetic Field and the Critical Current Density of a
YBa2Cu3O7- Single Crystal
A. Ramzia, A. Taoufika, S. Senoussib and A. Abaragha
a
Laboratoire des Matériaux Supraconducteurs à Haute Température Critique, Département de
Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Zohr, B.P : 8106, 80006 Agadir, Morocco. E-mail :
ab_ramzi@yahoo.fr
b
Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (associé au CNRS. URA. 0002), Université Paris Sud, Bâtiment
510, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
We have investigated the irreversibility magnetic field and the critical current density of
the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7- high quality single crystal. Vibrating sample
magnetometer (V.S.M.) method was used for these measurements. Magnetization hysteresis
cycles scale and shape are strongly dependent on the temperature values and the angle 
between the direction of the applied magnetic field and c-axis. For the large single crystals at
very low temperature the cycles present several flux jumps “saw-tooth” and we observe the
second peak “fish-tail” for high temperature values but not with applied magnetic field
perpendicular to the ab-planes. Beyond =30°, the irreversibility field Hirr increases deviates
from different temperature values. The variation of the magnetic critical current density Jc with
applied magnetic field parallel to c-axis for different temperatures was studied. Here, Jc is an
effective critical current density deduced from the measured magnetization by the Bean
formula.
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
The First Morocco- Korea Bilateral Symposium on
Polymers, Materials and Nono- Technology
List of Participants
Name
Abdelaziz Labdag
Abdelaziz Ramzi
Abdelilah NADIRI
Abdel-Karim Maaroufi
Abdellah Rezzouk
Abdellatif Bouchalkha
Adil Chahboun
Ahmed Legrouri
Ahmed Taoufik
Ali Ahaitouf
Anwar Jorio
Azzedine El Midaoui
Changjin Lee
Dong Keun Han
ElHassan Gourri
Gulamabas Sivjee
Hamid Kaddami
Hassane Darhmaoui
Hwan Kyu Kim
Hyun Hoon Song
Ilyas Azzioui
Imad Aadam
In Jae Chung
Izzeddine Zorkani
Ji Young Chang
Jin Ho Lee
Jong-Beom Baek
Khalid Loudiyi
Khalid Ouzaouit
Khalida Zazi
Kilwon Cho
Kwang-Sup Lee
Lahcen Bih
Miloud Rahmoune
Mimouna Baïtoul
Mohamed Bouachrine
Mohamed Boujida
Mohamed Hamedoun
Mohammed Benaissa
Mohammed Halim
Institution
FS, Agadir
FS, Agadir
FS, Meknes
FS, Rabat
FS, Fes
FST, Mohammedia
FS, Fes
SSE, AUI, Ifrane
FS, Agadir
FST, Fes
FS, Fes
FS, Kenitra
Korea Research Institute for
Chemical Technology, Korea
Korea Institute of Science and
Technology
FS, Agadir
Embry Riddle Aeronautical
University, USA
FST, Marrakech
SSE, AUI, Ifrane
Hannam University, Korea
Hannam Universtiy, Korea
CNRST, Rabat
FST, Mohammedia
Advanced Institute of Science
& Technology, Korea
FS, Fes
Seoul National Univ., Korea
Hannam University, Korea
Chungbuk National University,
Korea
SSE, AUI, Ifrane
FS, Agadir
CNRST, Rabat
Pohang Univ. of Science and
Technology, Korea
Hannam University, Korea
FST, Errachidia
FST, Errachidia
FS, Fes
FST, Errachidia
FST, Fes
FS, Fes
CNRST, Rabat
FS, Rabat
94
Email
aziz.labrag@caramail.com
ab_ramzi@yahoo.fr
a.nadiri@fsmek.ac.ma
maaroufi@fsr.ac.ma
Rezzouk@yahoo.fr
abouchalkha@yahoo.com
chahboun@msn.com
Legrouri@AlAkhawayn.ma
ataoufik@esta.ac.ma
ahitouf@metz.supelec.fr
a_jorio@hotmail.com
elmidaouiazzedine@hotmail.com
cjlee@krict.re.kr
dkh@kist.re.kr
gourri2005@yahoo.fr
sivjee@erau.edu,
G.Sivjee@alakhawayn.ma
hkaddami@fstg-marrakech.ac.ma
H.Darhmaoui@AlAkhawayn.ma
hwankkim@hannam.ac.kr
songhh@hannam.ac.kr
azzioui@cnr.ac.ma
aadam.imad@caramail.com
chung@kaist.ac.kr
i.zorkani@caramail.com
jychang@gong.snu.ac.kr
jhlee@hannam.ac.kr
jbbaek@chungbuk.ac.kr
K.Loudiyi@AlAkhawayn.ma
ouzaouit@univ-tln.fr
zazi@cnr.ac.ma
kwcho@postech.ac.kr
kslee@hannam.ac.kr
lbih@hotmail.com
mil_rahmoune@yahoo.fr
baitoul@yahoo.fr
mbouach@hotmail.com
boujidasupra@caramail.com
Hamedoun@hotmail.com
benaissa@cnr.ac.ma
halim@fsr.ac.ma
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Mohammed Lahcini
Mustapha Raihane
Nunzi Jean-Michel
Sabah Elbariji
Satoshi Kawata
Soo-Ji Park
Sunwoong Choi
Tatsuo Wada
Tomomi Hosokawa
Yasushi Inouye
Yoshimasa Kawata
Youssef El Amraoui
Zouheir Sekkat
FST, Marrakech
FST, Marrakech
Univ. of Angers,CNRS, France
FS, Agadir
Osaka University. & RIKEN,
Japan
Korea Research Institute of
Chemical Technologhy, Korea
Hannam University, Korea
RIKEN, Japan
RIKEN, Japan
Osaka University, Japan
Shizuoka Univ., Japan
FST, Errachidia
SSE, AUI, Ifrane
95
m.lahcini@fstg-marrakech.ac.ma
m.raihane@fstg-marrakech.ac.ma
nunzi@free.fr
elbariji@hotmail.com.
skawata@skawata.com
psjin@krict.re.kr
swchoi@hannam.ac.kr
tatsuow@postman.riken.go.jp
ya-inouye@ap.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp
kawata@eng.shizuoka.ac.jp
yelamraoui@hotmail.com
Z.Sekkat@AlAkhawayn.ma
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Index
Message from Chairs
Guest of Honor and Conference Commitees
Program
Poster Presentations
3
4
5
9
Invited Presentations
The Dispersion of Singlewall Carbon Nanotubes in Various Solvents by attaching
Surfactants and Polymers
Hyeong Taek Ham, Yeong Suk Choi, Mu Guen Chee, and In Jae Chung
12
Near Field and Non Linear Spectroscopy for Molecular Imaging in Nanometer
Resolution
Satoshi Kawata
14
Two-Photon Orientation of Isomers:Towards Applications in Nano-Photonics
Zouheir Sekkat
16
Optical, Structural and Electronic Nanoscale Characterization of p-type GaN Thin
Films
Mohammed Benaissa
18
Physics and Technology of Nano-Structured Photovoltaic Polymer Solar Cells
Jean-Michel Nunzi
20
Molecular Scale Device Fabricated Using Aromatic Thiol Monolayer
Assembled in the Nano Via-hole Electrode
Changjin Lee, Yongku Kang, Kyungja Seo, Youn Mi Shin, Jinhee Kim, Hei Mi Soh,
Hoyoung Lee, Dohyun Kim and Chung Keun Song
22
Enhanced Field-Effect Mobility of Organic Thin Film Transistors by SurfaceMediated Molecular Ordering
Kilwon Cho
24
Optical and vibrational properties of conducting polymers: effect of conjugating
lengths distribution
M. Baïtoul, H. Aarab, J. Wéry , S. Lefrant and E. Faulques
28
Surface Modification and Polymerization onto Carbon nanotubes
Se-Jin Oh, Hwa-Jeong Lee, Dong-Ki Keum, Seung-Woo Lee, Soo-Young Park,
Christopher B, Lyons, Loon-Seng Tan, and Jong-Beom Baek
30
Efficient Two-Photon Absorbing Multibranched and Dendritic Materials
Kwang-Sup Lee
32
Picosecond Time Response Measurements of an Octupolar Polymer
Abdellatif Bouchalkha, Hervé Maillotte, Frédéric Chérioux et Rachid Mountasser
34
Use of Thermally Reversible Reactions in the Organic Materials Synthesis
Ji Young Chang
36
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Induced order in Polystyrene Suspensions
Khalid Loudiyi
38
Nano-Patterned Media for High Density Optical Data Storage
Y. Kawata and T. Matsuyama
40
Non Linear Electrical Resistivity of Polymeric Matrix Loaded with Nickel and
Cobalt Powders
Abdel-Karim Maaroufi
42
Cartilage Regeneration Using Hydrophylic Porous Scaffolds
Dong Keun Han
44
FIR Absorption in CdSe nano-crystallites embedded in a SiO matrix: Effect of a
magnetic field
Izeddine Zorkani
46
PEG-Containing Polymer Films and Gels as Postoperative Tissue Adhesion
Barriers
Jin Ho Lee
48
Lanthanide-cored Supramolecular Materials With Highly efficient Light-Harvesting
ans Site-isolation Effects For Advanced Photonics.
Hwan Kyu Kim
50
Room temperature Photoluminescence, Electroluminescence and Infrared
spectroscopy, three techniques for material and electronic devices characterizations.
Ali AHAITOUF
52
13
C MAS NMR investigation of two-dimensional polymerized C60 using paramagnetic
O2 as a chemical shift agent.
A. Rezzouk, Y. Errammach, L.C. de Ménorval, F.Rachdi, V. Agafonovd and V.A.
Davydove
54
Correlation Between the Nanoscopic Phase Separation and other Physical
Properties of YBCO and TlBCCO Superconducting Thin films
H. Darhmaoui and J. Jung
56
New formulations of glass based on Moroccan natural phosphate
A. Nadiri , A. Bentayeb, L. Bih, D. Dhiba, J.Maghnouj
58
Near Field Vibrational Spectroscopy for Molecular Nano-Imaging
Yasushi Inouye
59
Effect of Intrinsic Defects on the Mobility of the Gallium Arsenide Grown by
Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
Anouar Jorio
60
Promising Materials for Water Purification
Ahmed Legrouri
62
97
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
Evolution of Structure and Preperties of Melt-Quenched Partially Oriented PET
Yarns upon Heat Treatment
Hyun Hoon Song
64
Polymeric Membranes: Synthesis and Application in Water Treatments
Azzeddine El Midaoui
66
Stable Creep Crack Growth in Polymers
Sunwoong Choi
68
Exchange coupling and surface effects on critical behaviour of magnetic
nanostructure
M. Hamedoun, K. Bouslykhane, A. Hourmatallah
70
Filler-Elastomer Interactions: Interfacial Adhesion of Silicas/Rubber Compoundings
Soo-Jin Park
Poster Presentations
72
74
New Fluorinated Acrylic Copolymers with Cyano Compounds for Dielectric Material:
Synthesis and Characterization
M. Raihane, B. Ameduri
75
Nanocomposite by Insitu Polymerization of Teraethoxysilane in Polyimide Polymer:
Effect of the Coupling Agent in the Microstructure and Interfacial Interaction
Hamid Kaddami, C. Becker-Villinger, H. K. Schmit and H. Schmidt
77
Organometallic Synthesis of Co-Polymers Based On Thiophene and Phenylene. A
Route to Organic Conjugated Polymers with Improved Physical Properties
M. Bouachrine, S. Bouzakraoui, M. Hamidi, S. Ayachi, K. Alimi, J.-P. Lere-Porte, J.
Moreau
79
Density Functional Theory Study of Oligo-Para-Phenylenes in Their Neutral,
Polaronic and Bipolaronic States
S. Bouzakraoui, S.M. Bouzzine, M. Hamidi, M. Bouachrine
80
Tetrakis(Phenylethynyl)Tin (Iv); A Versatile Catalyst For The Preparation Of
Synthetic Biopolymers
Mohammed Lahcini, Mikko Kalmi, Pascal Castro, Timo Repo, and Markku Leskelä
81
Modeling and Simulation in Piezopolymers and Piezolaminated Active Structures
Containing Piezoelectric Polymers
M. Sanbi, A. Bouachrine and M. Rahmoune
83
Electrical and EPR Studies of Alkali-Molybdophosphate Glasses
L. Bih, A. Nadiri, Y. El Amraoui
84
Study of the Thermal Behavior of Strained Inas/Gaas Quantum Dots by
Photoluminescence Technique
98
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1 Morocco-Korea Bilateral Symposium on Polymers, Materials & Nano – Technology
Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
A. Chahboun, N. I. Baidus, M. I. Vasilevskiy, M. J. M. Gomes, I. A. Karpovich, B. N.
Zvonkov, and P.B. Demina
85
Properties of Sm2-xCexCuo4-Δ Superconducting Thin Films Grown by MBE
M.Boujida
86
Elaboration of Grafted Celluloses as Ion Exchangers from Natural Materials
Application to the Adsorption of Dyes
S. Elbariji, M. Elamine, H. Eljazouli, H. Kabli, A. Lacherai, Et A. Albourine
87
Resistance to Compression of the Mixing Cement with Fine Sand
E. Abbass, E. Gourri and N. Elalem
88
Materials and Solar Photovoltaic Cells
K.Zazi, H.Hamdi
89
Synthesis of New Sensors Gaz: Nanosized Materials Based of Ceria
K.Ouzaouit, A.Benlhachemi, H.Benyaich, L.Aneflous, M.A.Fremy, S.Villain,
J.A.Musso, J.R-Gavvari
90
Flux Flow and Noise Power Spectral Density in Thin Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7- Films
A. Labrag, A. Taoufik, A. Ramziand Sadok Senoussi
91
Analysis of the 1/f Noise in High-Tc Superconducting Thin Films
A. Taoufik, A. Labrag , A. Ramzi and Sadok Senoussi
92
Irreversibility Magnetic Field and the Critical Current Density of a YBa2Cu3O7-
Single Crystal
A. Ramzi, A. Taoufik, S. Senoussi and A. Abaragh
93
List of Participants
Index
94
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
- Notes -
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Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco --------- November 21–25, 2004
- Notes-
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