Chapter 10 Heat and Heat Technology
Word
Ball & Ring Set
Demonstration
(PS 7)
Name ____________________________
Explanation
What happened when ball was heated?
The ball wouldn't fit through the ring - the
ball got larger/metal expanded
Drawings/Examples
What happened when the ball was placed in
water?
The water vaporized to steam/energy from the
metal transferred quickly to the water (high to
low temp) so the ball contracted and fit back
through the ring
Temperature
(BrainPop)
The measure of the AVERAGE ___kinetic
energy___ of the particles/molecules in an
object. (not all particles moved at the same
speed)
NOT affected by amount:
Temp _is not__ determined by how much of a
substance you have so a pot of tea __will___
have the same temperature as a cup of tea
poured from the pot even though there is
more tea in the pot.
Same temp when you first pour!
More energy = higher temp!
Kinetic Energy of
Particles
The __movement___ of the object's particles the __faster___ the particles are moving, the
_more___ kinetic energy they have.
Temperature:
Used in Science: Celsius & Kelvin (SI)
100 ºC
Celsius
Celsius - Unit__ºC__
Boiling Point__100 ºC __
Freezing Point __0 ºC ___
Room Temp ___20 ºC ___
Kelvin - Unit _K__ (no degree sign/ no
negative numbers)
Boiling Point ___373 K__
Freezing Point __273 K__
Room Temp _293 K__
373 K
Kelvin
0ºC
273 K
Zero Kelvin = 0 K
Absolute Zero
The _lowest_ point on the Kelvin scale when
all molecular motion ceases/stops.
Thermal
Expansion
Heat
The increase in _ volume_ of a substance due
to an __increased___ change in temperature
because the molecules move __faster__ and
__spread apart__, taking up more space (
___volume__ ). The particles themselves
don't expand... they spread out causing the
whole object to expand and take up more
space (less attraction between the particles)
Ex: bridge joins and alcohol in
thermometers (expands when
higher temp)
Most substances _contract_
when cooled and energy is
__released_. The temperature
_decreases_ as the average
kinetic energy __decreases_.
Unit __Calories / (C) or Joules (J)__
The _TRANSFER_ of energy between
objects that are at different _temperatures__
(BrainPop)
Transfer enough energy & you get a change
of state – physical change!
Temperature
vs
Temperature is a measure of the average
amount of __Kinetic Energy__ and heat is the
__transfer_ of energy due to a difference in
temperature.
Heat
Thermal Energy
(TE)
Relationship
between
Heat and
Thermal Energy
Pick up a wooden vs a metal
spoon. Why does the metal
spoon "feel cold" and the
wooden spoon does not? (hint:
think about insulators &
conductors) you are transferring
energy from your hand to the
metal spoon but not so much
energy from your hand to the
wooden spoon
Insulators don’t transfer energy
Low or high amounts of TE?
The __TOTAL_ amount of energy of __all__
the particles in a substance.
Unit: __Joules (J)___
High temp = _more_ thermal energy
Low temp = _less__ thermal energy
Why? the higher temp is due to the particles
moving faster and therefore more movement
= more TE
More particles = __more__ thermal energy
More particle movement = _more__ thermal
energy.
True or False: A cup of hot coffee has the
same amount of thermal energy as a cup of
iced coffee.
Does thermal energy depend
partly on temperature? Yes,
because the amount of
movement determines the
amount of TE
Which has more
Thermal Energy
- pot or cup of
same temp. tea?
Pot because it has more
particles... but the temperature
would be the same