Chapter 3
Ch 3-1
Chapters 2 & 3 Neolithic Age & The
Multiple Choice
1.
(D)
(E)
Choose the letter of the best answer.
breaking the land bridge that connected the Americas to Siberia.
creating a warmer, wetter, and more stable climate.
increasing population density by forcing humans to move toward the
equator.
contributing to the flourishing of large mammals upon which Paleolithic
peoples depended.
leading to a sharp decline in the human population, thereby decreasing
pressures on the environment.
The unique feature of the chiefdom (as compared to a stateless agricultural
village) that was replicated, elaborated, and assumed to be natural in all
later states and civilizations was the distinction between elite and
commoner based on
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
3.
Civilizations
The end of the last Ice Age laid the foundation for the Agricultural
Revolution by
(A)
(B)
(C)
2.
1st
charisma.
achievement.
birth.
gender.
artistic ability.
Chiefdoms and agricultural village societies were similar in that
(A)
both social structures were based on complete equality amongst adults,
both male and female.
(B)
both were based around permanent agricultural settlements.
(C)
neither possessed mechanisms for resolving internal disputes, but were
useful for defense against outside threats.
(D)
both were more nomadic than pastoral societies.
(E)
neither type of society took shape among Neolithic Polynesian societies of
the Pacific Islands.
4.
The spread of agriculture through diffusion and migration
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
resulted in the spread of language groups.
always benefited the gather-hunter peoples with whom migrants came into
contact.
resulted in India receiving crops only from Southwest Asia.
resulted in the widespread dissemination of crops from New Guinea.
led to the decline and ultimate disappearance of pastoral societies
Chapter 3
5.
A “broad spectrum diet” consisted of
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
6.
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
A human culture
A community of humans living together with a sense of common ancestry
A human society that includes: communication and the growth of cities and states
A group of humans who recognize any form of social hierarchy
A group of humans who practice agriculture
Which of the following First Civilizations relied on squash, beans, and
guava but no grains as its primary crops?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
9.
The emergence of women as the primary source of labor in more intensive
animal-drawn plow-based agriculture
The increased role of women outside the home
The decline in birthrates that accompanied civilization
The emergence of large-scale warfare with professionally led armies
The frequent failure of women rulers to maintain peace
Which of the following constitutes historians’ usual definition of
“civilization”?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
8.
just eating corn or teosinite
eating only plants & no animals.
eating large numbers of plants and hunted animals.
just ate barley and wheat.
just yams and other potato like vegetables.
Which of the following have scholars advanced as a possible explanation
for the emergence of patriarchy (male / father in-charge) in the First
Civilizations?
(A)
7.
Ch 3-2
Mesopotamia
Indus Valley
China
Egypt
Norte Chico
Use map on Page 88 & 89!
The map on page 88 & 89 supports the idea that
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
everywhere agriculture developed independently a First Civilization also
developed.
all First Civilizations developed along major rivers.
all First Civilizations were about the same size.
First Civilizations emerged independently in widely scattered locations
around a water source.
First Civilizations were in regular contact with each other.
Chapter 3
10.
Kingship and Chiefdoms, in the First Civilizations
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
11.
(D)
(E)
Egypt had an important influence on Mesopotamian architecture.
Monumental public works had an important place in Mesopotamian society.
Trade with the Indus Valley influenced the layout and design of Mesopotamian
cities.
Political rulers and priests were relatively unimportant in Mesopotamian
civilization.
China had a remarkable influence on Mesopotamian culture.
Which of the following human accomplishments emerged with the First
Civilizations and has been proven as the key to the civilizations success?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
14.
Slavery
Patriarchy
Agriculture
The army
Writing
What does the Ziggurat of Ur, pictured above, suggest about the
Mesopotamian society that produced it?
(A)
(B)
(C)
13.
often depended on the belief that the office of king was divinely ordained by aGod.
relied exclusively on physical force and coercion.
often depended in part on the authority of a written constitution.
often emerged with women as rulers, although everywhere they were
rapidly replaced by men.
originated and were sustained entirely by the consent of the population.
Which of the following provided the primary economic foundation for
civilization in the Neolithic time period?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
12.
Ch 3-3
Agriculture
Village life
Writing
Art
Religious belief
Which of the First Civilizations experienced the greatest cultural continuity
from its earliest formation into modern times?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Indus Valley
Mesopotamia
Norte Chico
China
Egypt
Chapter 3
15.
Which of the following was the last of the First Civilizations to emerge?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
16.
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Salinization of the soil leading to a collapse in the production of wheat in
most areas along the upper Nile
Frequent and devastating invasions of Egypt by outsiders because of a
lack of physical barriers
Rivalry between autonomous Egyptian city-states
A more cheerful and hopeful outlook on the world, as expressed in part
through Egyptian religious beliefs
Egypt’s written law codes
Which of the following statements about ancient Egypt is true?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
19.
The settlement of peoples in particularly rich agricultural regions with the
need for large scale irrigation projects
The end of the practice of slavery in a region
The emergence of regions where no military elite took shape and peace
reigned
The forced settlement of nomads by their agriculture neighbors
The need to organize large-scale building projects
Which of the following was a feature of Egyptian rather than Mesopotamian
civilization?
(A)
18.
Olmec
China
Norte Chico
Indus Valley
Mesopotamia
Scholars have advanced which of the following as a possible explanation
for the origins of the First Civilizations?
(A)
17.
Ch 3-4
The state was ruled by pharaohs who were believed to be gods in human
form.
Cities were more important in Egypt than in Mesopotamia.
Egyptians believed that only the pharaohs enjoyed eternal life.
The Nile was an unpredictable river whose erratic floods regularly
destroyed crops.
Women in Egypt were afforded fewer opportunities than in Mesopotamia.
The territory of ancient Mesopotamia is presently occupied by which
country?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Iran
Afghanistan
Iraq
India
Greece
Chapter 3
20.
Ch 3-5
The rulers of this First Civilization held authority thanks to the Mandate of
Heaven.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Egypt
China
Olmec
Mesopotamia
Norte Chico
Matching
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
PATRIARCHY
CODE OF HAMMURABI
EPIC OF GILGAMESH
URUK
ZIGGURAT
______ 21. A Sumerian stepped pyramid type buildings
______ 22. The poem that was written to describe the great city
______ 23. Mesopotamia’s larges city with 20 ft walls and a pop. of nearly 50,000.
______ 24. First known set of laws in the world that were written down.
(Eye for an Eye or a Tooth for a Tooth)
______ 25. Male / Father centers society where women become a second class
Chapter 3
Ch 3-6
Answer Key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
D (pp. 66-67)
7.
C (p. 56)
8.
E (p. 57)
9.
D (pp. 58-59)
10.
A (pp. 69-73)
11.
C (p. 61)
12.
B (pp. 69-70)
13.
C (pp. 70-72)
14.
D (p. 60)
15.
A (pp. 60-61)
16.
A (pp. 61-62)
17.
D (pp. 73-79)
18.
A (pp. 75-76)
19.
C (p. 56)
20.
B (p. 60)
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Short Answer
Answer each question in three or four sentences.
1.
Name at least three elements that a civilization must have in order to produce
monumental works on the scale of Mesopotamian ziggurats or Egyptian
pyramids.
2.
What civilizations provided the most important influences on Egypt, and what did
these civilizations contribute to Egypt?
3.
Name at least three features typical of a king in one of the First Civilizations.
Answer Key
1. A good answer should include the following:
• a large labor force
• a leader with the power and authority to compel labor
• an assured food supply for the workers who cannot produce their own food while
working
• building materials
• an ideology that makes monumental architecture desirable, with emphasis on
grandeur and the belief that gods are entitled to or may demand such structures
2. A good answer should include the following:
• Mesopotamia (wheat, barley, the pyramids, its system of writing)
Chapter 3
Ch 3-7
• Sudan (gourds, watermelon, domesticated donkeys, the practice of “divine kingship”)
• Hyksos (chariots, new armor and weapons, new textile production techniques, new
musical instruments, olive and pomegranate trees)
3. A good answer should include the following:
• gave authority to the state
• monumental architecture
• elaborate clothing
• magnificent burials
• claim of divinity or divine approval
Essay Questions
Answer each of the following questions in a few paragraphs. Include specific examples
to support your thesis and conclusions.
1.
Comparative Analysis: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the early
writing systems depicted in the Snapshot on page 71, “Writing in Ancient
Civilizations.”
2.
Comparative Analysis: Compare and contrast the life of a woman in Egypt to that
of a woman living in Mesopotamia.
Answer Key
1. A good essay should include at least some of the following:
• consideration of all of the writing systems included in the Snapshot, not just one or two
• what the writing system could do (e.g., Could it express all human thought?)
• how difficult it would be to read and write using each system, and the likely time of
education;
• how long it would take to write a message using each system
• the expense of writing materials (especially considering the cheapness of
Mesopotamian clay compared to Egyptian papyrus)
• the relative advantages of pictographs compared to symbols representing sounds,
syllables, or consonants
A really good response will make a meaningful comparison to our modern alphabet.
2. The two most important considerations for this essay are:
• the legal status of women
• evidence of affection between the sexes
A very good essay will go beyond these points to a consideration of why women in
Egypt enjoyed a much more equal position to men, possibly bringing in issues of:
• urban (Mesopotamia) vs. village (Egypt) life
• relative prosperity of the two lands
• belief in powerful goddesses (Egypt) vs. increasingly weak goddesses (Mesopotamia)