Biology 2261
Dr. Jerald D. Hendrix
Detailed Course Outline and Textbook Selections
Note: Textbook selections are from Microbiology: An Introduction, 6th ed.,
by Tortora, Funke, and Case (designated TFC in the outline). These
selections provide an excellent supplement to the material covered
in class (especially pictures and diagrams). In addition, students
are encouraged to use the table of contents and the index to crossreference the material. Please note that material may be covered
in class that is not in the textbook, or the text may go into more
detail than the lecture. On exams, students are responsible for
the material covered in lectures.
I.
Historical Introduction to Microbiology TFC, Chapter 1
A.
The Discovery and Significance of Microorganisms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B.
Vaccines and Antimicrobial Therapy
1.
2.
C.
D.
II.
Discovery of Microorganisms
Spontaneous Generation vs Biogenesis
Microbes and Disease
Pure Culture Technique
Microbes and the Environment
Vaccines
Antimicrobial Therapy
Microbes and Industry
Emergent Diseases and the Post-Antibiotic Era
Classification of Microorganisms TFC, Chapters 1, 10 (pp 268278), 13 (pp 360-363; 373-382)
A.
Principles of Classification and Nomenclature
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B.
Taxonomy
Phylogenetic vs. Phenetic Classification Systems
Definition of “species” in microbiology
“Species” vs. “Strain”
Nomenclature
Eukaryotic Organisms
1.
2.
C.
Prokaryotic Organisms
1.
2.
D.
Prokaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic Kingdoms
Viruses
1.
2.
III.
Eukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Kingdoms
Structure of a “Virus Particle”
Viral Replication
Infection and Disease TFC, Chapters 14 & 15
A.
Definitions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
B.
The Normal Flora of Humans
1.
2.
3.
4.
C.
Disease and Infectious Disease
Pathogenicity and Virulence
Acute Infection vs Chronic Infection
Primary Infection vs Secondary Infection
Localized Infection vs Systemic Infection
Clinical Infection vs Subclinical Infection
Opportunistic Infection
The suffix “-emia”
The suffix “-itis”
Epidemiology
Communicable, contagious, and noncommunicable
Endemic, epidemic, and pandemic
Reservoir of infection, carrier, fomites, and animal vectors
Direct Mechanisms of Disease Transmission
Indirect Mechanisms of Disease Transmission
Types of Symbiosis
Location of the Normal Flora
Benefits of the Normal Flora
Normal Flora and Opportunistic Infections
Generalized Stages of Infection
1.
2.
3.
4.
Entry of Pathogen
Colonization
Incubation period
Prodromal Symptoms
5.
6.
7.
D.
Virulence Factors and Toxins
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
IV.
State of the Host Immune System
Number of Pathogenic Cells
Enzymatic Virulence Factors
Adhesion Factors
Exotoxins
Endotoxins
Bacterial Structure and Growth TFC, Chapter 4, pp 76-98;
Chapter 6, pp 154-162
A.
Bacterial Cells: An Overview
1.
2.
B.
C.
Shapes and Arrangements
Sizes
Bacterial Cell Structures
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Capsules
Cell Wall
Plasma Membrane
Cytoplasm & Cytoplasmic Inclusions
Ribosomes
Bacterial DNA
Pili
Flagella
Spores
Factors that Influence Bacterial Growth
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
V.
Invasive period
Decline of infection
Convalescence
Growth vs Survival
Nutrient Requirements
Temperature
pH
Oxygen
Bacterial Diseases TFC Chapters 11 and 21-26 (“Bacterial
Diseases” sections; pages corresponding to specific topics are listed
below)
A.
Airborne Bacterial Diseases
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
B.
Foodborne & Waterborne Bacterial Diseases
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
C.
Anthrax (pp 607-608)
Tetanus (pp 584-585)
Gas Gangrene (pp 608-609)
Leptospirosis (pp 695-696)
Listeriosis (p 584)
Arthropodborne Bacterial Diseases
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
E.
Foodborne Intoxications vs Infections
Botulism (pp 585-586)
Staphylococcal Food Poisoning (pp 663-664)
Clostridial Food Poisoning (p 671)
Typhoid Fever (pp 666-668)
Salmonellosis (pp 664-666)
Shigellosis (p 664)
Cholera (pp 668-669)
Diseases associated with Escherichia coli (pp 669-670)
Camphylobacteriosis and Helicobacteriosis (p 670)
Soilborne Bacterial Diseases
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
D.
Streptococcal Diseases (pp 632-634; 604-606; 511; 563-564)
Diphtheria (pp 634-635)
Pertussis (pp 636-637)
Meningococcal Infections (pp 582-583)
Haemophilus influenzae Infections (pp 581-582; 642; 635)
Tuberculosis (pp 637-641)
Pneumococcal Pneumonia (pp 642; 583; 635)
Primary Atypical Pneumonia (p 643)
Legionellosis (pp 643-644)
Plague (pp 609-611)
Lyme Disease (pp 611-613)
Rocky Mt. Spotted Fever (pp 614-615)
Epidemic Typhus (p 613)
Endemic Typhus (p 613)
Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Diseases
1.
2.
3.
Syphilis (pp 701-704)
Gonorrhea (pp 697-700)
Chlamydia (pp 700-701)
4.
F.
Miscellaneous Bacterial Diseases
1.
2.
3.
VI.
Chanchroid (p 704)
Leprosy (pp 587-588)
Staphylococcal Infections (pp 562-563)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections (pp 564-565)
Viral Diseases TFC Chapters 13 (pp 360-363; 373-382) and 21-26
(“Viral Diseases” sections; pages corresponding to specific topics are
listed below)
A.
Influenza (pp 646-648; 568)
1.
2.
B.
Diseases Caused by the Herpes Family
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
C.
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (pp 519-527)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
E.
Properties of the Herpes Virus Family
Herpes Simplex (pp 569-570)
Chicken pox & Shingles (pp 567-569)
Infectious Mononucleosis (pp 615-616)
Cytomegalovirus (pp 672-673)
Viral Hepatitis (pp 673-677)
1.
2.
3.
D.
Properties
Symptoms and Complications of Influenza
Viral Properties
Transmission
HIV & AIDS
CDC Case Surveillance Definition for AIDS
Symptoms & Secondary Infections Associated with AIDS
Miscellaneous Viral Diseases
1.
2.
3.
4.
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous
Pneumotrophic Viruses (pp 635-636; p 645)
Dermotrophic Viruses (pp 570-572; p 570)
Viscerotrophic Viruses (p 677)
Neurotrophic Viruses (pp 588-593)
5.
VII.
Prion Diseases (pp 596-597)
Fungal Diseases TFC Chapters 12 (pp 320-330) and 21-26 (“Fungal
Diseases” sections; pages corresponding to specific topics are listed
below)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Basic Properties of the Fungi
Candidiasis (p 573; 707)
Dermatomycoses (pp 572-573)
Respiratory Fungal Infections (pp 648-651)
VIII. Protozoan Diseases TFC Chapters 12 (pp 339-344) and 21-26
(“Protozoan Diseases” sections; pages corresponding to specific
topics are listed below)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
IX.
Basic Properties of Protozoa
Amebiasis (pp 678-679)
Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (pp 595-596)
Giardiasis (p 678)
Trichomoniasis (pp 707-708)
Balantidiasis (no pages)
Toxoplasmosis (pp 618-619)
Malaria (pp 619-621)
Cryptosporidiosis (p 679)
Pneumocystosis (pp 649-651)
Selected Diseases caused by Multicellular Animal Parasites
TFC Chapters 12 (pp 344-350) and 21-26 (“Helminthic Diseases”
sections; pages corresponding to specific topics are listed below)
A.
Diseases caused by Flatworms
1.
2.
B.
Schistosomiasis (pp 622-624)
Tapeworms (pp 680-681)
Diseases caused by Roundworms (pp 681-683)
1.
2.
3.
Ascariasis
Pinworms
Trichinosis