Facial Bone Anatomy & Positioning
RTEC 233
Week 6
(FINAL)
ALERT
This version of the lecture is a “FINAL”.
Anterior Aspect
of Facial Bones
6 paired facial bones
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
2 single bones
7)
8)
Palatine Bones
1. L-shaped bones
2. _________ portion forms posterior hard palate
3. _______ portion extends between 1maxillae and 1 pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
4. Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 4 facial bones
Zygomatic Bones
1. Forms ________
2. Forms lower outer margin of _______
3. Articulates with 3 cranial bones
1)
2)
3)
1. Articulates with maxillae
Inferior Nasal Cochae
1. The only pair of conchae that are _______ facial bones
2. Articulates with
1)
2)
3)
4)
1. Covered with mucous membranes to: ______________________________________________
Lacrimal Bones
About the size & shape of a fingernail
Lacrimal foramen for tear duct
Lie anteriorly on the medial side of orbit
Can be seen on PA and lateral projections
Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 2 facial bones
Nasal Bones
Fused and form bridge of nose
Vary in size considerably
The point of junction with the frontal bone is the nasion
Articulates with 2 cranial and 2 facial bones
Vomer
Forms inferosuperior part of nasal septum
Deviated nasal septum
Depressions for blood vessels
Articulates with 2 cranial bones & 4 facial bones
Mandible
1. Only _______ bone in the skull
2. ________& largest facial bone
3. ___bones at birth
4. Contains ______foramina
Pathologic Indications for
Facial Radiography
Fractures
Blowout
Tripod
LeFort
Coutrecoup
Foreign Body
Osteomyelitis
Neoplasms
Secondary Osteomyelitis
TMJ Syndrome
Sample Fractures
Tripod Fractures
Tripod
Fracture
LeFort Fractures
Lefort 2
Foreign Body
Osteomyelitis
TMJ
syndrome
TMJ Syndrome
Positioning: Lateral Facial bones
CR is perpendicular
enters lateral zygomatic bone ½ way between outer canthus and EAM.
Lateral Facial Radiograph
All facial bones in with zygomatic bone in center
Almost SI mandibular rami
SI orbital roofs (no tilt)
No rotation of sella turcica
Positioning: Waters
CR perpendicular to exit acanthion
Waters Radiograph
Distance from lateral border of skull and orbit equal on each side
Petrous ridges projected immediately below maxillary sinuses
Reverse Waters
CR perpendicular and enters acanthion
Reverse Waters Radiograph
Distance from lateral border of skull and orbit equal on each side
Petrous ridges projected immediately below maxillary sinuses
Modified Waters
CR perpendicular and exits acanthion
Modified Waters Radiograph
Petrous ridges projected immediately below the inferior border of the orbits
Equal distance from lateral orbit to lateral skull on both sides
PA Axial - Caldwell
CR 15 caudal to exit nasion
PA Axial- Caldwell Radiograph
Equal distance from lat skull to lat orbit
Symmetric petrous ridges in lower 1/3 orbit
Penetration of frontal bone without excessive density at lateral borders of skull.
Lateral Nasal Bones
CR perpendicular to the bridge of nose at a point 1” distal to the nasion
Lateral Nasal bones Radiograph
No rotation of nasal bone and soft tissue
Anterior nasal spine and frontonasal suture evident
Close collimation