HSC CHEMISTRY PROGRAM
MODULE:
WEEK
1
OPTION 1 INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY
SYLLABUS OUTCOMES
TEACHING STRATEGIES &
ACTIVITIES
Jacaranda
Chemistry 2
Page Reference
Replacements for natural products
1. Discuss the issues associated with
shrinking world resources with regard to
one identified natural product that is not a
fossil fuel, identifying the replacement
materials used and/or current research in
place to find a replacement for the named
material
2. Identify data, gather and process
information to identify and discuss the
issues associated with the increased need for
a natural resource that is not a fossil fuel
and evaluate the progress currently being
made to solve the problems identified.
Replacements for natural products
1. List examples of shrinking world resources.
Discuss how synthetic polymers have replaced
natural materials.
2. Undertake case studies of various replacement
products such as synthetic fertilisers, fabric dyes or
food flavours. Evaluate the progress in replacing
the natural product with a synthetic one.
Chapter 15
1. 359-360
DATA ANALYSIS 15.4 Industrial chemistry
careers.
Data Analysis
Page 397-398
Equilibrium principles in industry
3. Explain the effect of changing the
following factors on identified equilibrium
reactions: (a) pressure (b) volume (c)
concentration (d) temperature
Equilibrium principles in industry
3. Recall ideas about factors that change the
position of an equilibrium and solve problems
using tabulated and graphical data.
Sign
2. 360-363
Revision Questions - Jacaranda Chemistry 2. Set Revision 15.1
Page 364
15.1
3. 365- 369
1
2
4. Interpret the equilibrium constant
expression (no units required) from the
chemical equation of equilibrium reactions
5. Identify that temperature is the only
factor that changes the value of the
equilibrium constant (K) for a given
equation
4. Using a variety of examples derive the
equilibrium constant expression from a balanced
equation. Solve problems using information about
equilibrium constants.
5. Examine data for endothermic and exothermic
reactions and how the value of K changes with
temperature.
4. 370- 375
Equilibrium principles in industry
6. Identify data, plan and perform a firsthand investigation to model an equilibrium
reaction
7. Choose equipment and perform a firsthand investigation to gather information and
qualitatively analyse an equilibrium reaction
8. Process and present information from
secondary sources to calculate K from
equilibrium conditions
Equilibrium principles in industry
6. PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 15.1
Modelling an equilibrium
Use the supplied spreadsheet data to model an
equilibrium using Excel.
7. PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 15.2
Investigating equilibria.
Qualitatively investigate various equilibria
including the chromate-dichromate equilibrium and
the iron-thiocyanate equilibrium
8. Solve problems involving the equilibrium
constant.
Chapter 15
6. 392- 394
5. 375-376
7. 394-395
8. 370-376
Revision Questions - Jacaranda Chemistry 2. Set Revision 15.2
Pages 377-380
15.2
2
Production of sulfuric acid
9. Outline three uses of sulfuric acid in industry
10. Describe the processes used to extract sulfur
from mineral deposits, identifying the properties
of sulfur which allow its extraction and
analysing potential environmental issues that
may be associated with its extraction
11. Outline the steps and conditions necessary
for the industrial production of H2SO4 from its
raw materials
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Production of sulfuric acid
12. Describe the reaction conditions necessary
for the production of SO2 and SO3
Production of sulfuric acid
9. Tabulate the uses of sulfuric acid in industry.
10. Examine sulfur powder and sulfur crystals.
Describe the Frasch process for the extraction of
sulfur. Construct a table to list the properties of
sulfur that allow its extraction. Identify
environmental issues related to this extraction.
11. Draw up a flow chart to outline the steps for the
production of sulfuric acid from raw materials.
Production of sulfuric acid
12. Demonstrate the combustion of sulfur in a gas
jar of air and oxygen. Draw up a table and
summarise the steps of the Contact process.
13. Apply the relationship between rates of
13. Discuss the kinetics and equilibrium aspects of
reaction and equilibrium conditions to the
the Contact process. Solve problems using le
production of SO2 and SO3
Chatelier's principle.
14. Demonstrate the oxidising ability of
14. Describe, using examples, the reactions of
concentrated sulfuric acid by reacting it with KBr
sulfuric acid acting as: (a) an oxidising agent (b) or KI (in a fume hood). Demonstrate its ability to
a dehydrating agent
dehydrate sucrose or hydrated crystals.
15. Demonstrate the exothermic nature of the
15. Describe and explain the exothermic nature
dilution of concentrated sulfuric acid by monitoring
of sulfuric acid ionisation
the temperature of a beaker of water to which small
16. Identify and describe safety precautions that volumes of concentrated sulfuric acid is added.
Write the equations for sulfuric acid dissolution.
must be taken when using and diluting
concentrated sulfuric acid
16. Describe the safety precautions when diluting
sulfuric acid.
9. 380 - 381
10. 382- 383
11. 383
Chapter 15
12. 383- 385
13. 384
14. 386- 387
15. 387
16. 387-388
3
17. Gather, process and present information
from secondary sources to describe the steps
and chemistry involved in the industrial
production of H2SO4 and use available
evidence to analyse the process to predict ways
in which the output of sulfuric acid can be
maximised
18. Perform first-hand investigations to observe
the reactions of sulfuric acid acting as: (a) an
oxidising agent (b)a dehydrating agent
19. Use available evidence to relate the
properties of sulfuric acid to safety precautions
necessary for its transport and storage
17. Gather and process data concerning the steps
and the chemistry of the Contact Process.
17. 383-385
18. PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 15.3 Reactions of
sulfuric acid
Demonstrate its ability to oxidise KBr and KI
(Teacher demonstration) and dehydrate sucrose or
copper (II) sulfate crystals.
18. 396-397
19. Relate the properties of sulfuric acid to safety
precautions required for its storage and transport.
Demonstrate that iron nails are not attacked by
anhydrous concentrated sulfuric acid.
19. 388
Revision Questions - Jacaranda Chemistry 2. Set Revision 15.3
Pages 389-390
15.3
4
Production of sodium hydroxide
20. Explain the difference between galvanic
cells and electrolytic cells in terms of
energy requirements
21. Outline the steps in the industrial
production of sodium hydroxide from
sodium chloride solution and describe the
reaction in terms of net ionic and full
formulae equations
Production of sodium hydroxide
Chapter 16
20. Revise the differences between galvanic and
20. 400-402
electrolytic cells. Summarise these differences in a
table. Demonstrate an electrolytic cell.
21. 402-403
21. Write whole formula and ionic equations for the
electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution. Describe
the requirements for salt purity.
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22. Distinguish between the three
electrolysis methods used to extract sodium
hydroxide: (a) mercury process
(b)diaphragm process (c)membrane process
, by describing each process and analysing
the technical and environmental difficulties
involved in each process
23. Identify data, plan and perform a first-hand
investigation to identify the products of the
electrolysis of sodium chloride
24. Analyse information from secondary
sources to predict and explain the different
products of the electrolysis of aqueous and
molten sodium chloride
22. Use labelled diagrams and balanced equation
to describe the three major industrial methods of
NaOH production:
(a) Mercury process
(b) Diaphragm process
(c) Membrane process.
In each case construct a table to summarise the
chemistry involved and the technical and
environmental difficulties.
23. PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 16.1 Electrolysis
of salt water
24. Use a diagram of the Down's cell to compare
the electrolysis of molten and aqueous sodium
chloride.
22.
(a) 404
(b) 405-406
(c) 406- 407
407-409
23.442-443
24. 409-410
Revision Questions - Jacaranda Chemistry 2. Set Revision 16.1
Pages 410-411
16.1
5
Saponification and the production of
detergents
Saponification and the production of detergents.
Chapter 16
25. Describe saponification as the conversion in
basic solution of fats and oils to glycerol and
salts of fatty acids
26. Describe the conditions under which
saponification can be performed in the school
laboratory and compare these with industrial
preparation of soap
27. Account for the cleaning action of soap by
describing its structure
25. Gather and process information about the
history of soap making and describe the process of
saponification of fats.
26. Construct a table to compare the laboratory and
industrial production of soap.
27. Construct a model of a soap molecule. Use
diagrams to explain the cleaning action of soap.
25. 411-414
26. 414-418
27. 419-421
5
28. Explain that soap, water and oil together
form an emulsion with the soap acting as an
emulsifier
29. Distinguish between soaps and synthetic
detergents in terms of: (a)the structure of
the molecule (b)chemical composition
(c)effect in hard water
30. Distinguish between anionic, cationic
and non-ionic synthetic detergents in terms
of: (a)chemical composition (b)uses
31. Perform a first-hand investigation to
carry out saponification and test the product
6
Saponification and the production of
detergents
32. Gather, process and present information
from secondary sources to identify a range of
fats and oils used for soap-making
33. Perform a first-hand investigation to gather
information and describe the properties of a
named emulsion and relate these properties to
its uses
34. Perform a first-hand investigation to
demonstrate the effect of soap as an
emulsifier
35. Solve problems and use available evidence
to discuss, using examples, the environmental
impacts of the use of soaps and detergents
28. Define the term emulsion and demonstrate how
soap can help to emulsify a mixture of oil and
water.
29. Construct models of detergent molecules and
compare their structure to soap. Construct a table to
summarise the structures, chemical composition
and effect on hard water of soap and synthetic
detergents.
30. Summarise the differences between anionic,
cationic and non-ionic detergents in terms of
composition and uses.
31. PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 16.2 Preparation
and properties of soap
28. 421-422
Saponification and the production of detergents.
Chapter 16
32. 413-414
32. Summarise gathered data on the fats and oils
used to make soap
33/34 PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 16.3.
Emulsions
Relate the properties of the prepared emulsions to
their uses
35. Discuss the environmental impact of soaps and
detergents.
29. 422-423
30. 424-426
31. 444-445
33.34. 446-447
421-422
34. 426-427
Revision Questions - Jacaranda Chemistry 2. Set Revision 16.2
Pages 428-429
16.2
6
7
The Solvay Process
36. Identify the raw materials used in the Solvay
process and name the products
37. Describe the uses of sodium carbonate
38. Identify, given a flow chart, the sequence of
steps used in the Solvay process and describe
the chemistry involved in: (a)brine
purification (b) hydrogen carbonate formation
(c)formation of sodium carbonate (d)ammonia
recovery
The Solvay Process
36. Identify salt and limestone as the raw materials
required for the Solvay Process. Explain why the
process is more complex than simply combining
the raw materials.
37. Construct a table to list some of the common
uses of sodium carbonate.
38. Construct a flow chart and table to describe the
chemical steps in the production of sodium
carbonate.
The Solvay Process
The Solvay Process
Chapter 16
39. Discuss environmental issues associated
with the Solvay process and explain how these
issues are addressed
40. Perform a first-hand investigation to assess
risk factors and then carry out a chemical step
involved in the Solvay process, identifying any
difficulties associated with the laboratory
modelling of the step
39. Discuss and summarise the following
environmental issues: dealing with waste calcium
chloride ; ammonia recycling; thermal pollution;
limestone calcination.
39. 436-437
40. PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 16.4. Modelling
the Solvay Process
41. 434-436
41. Solve problems related to the quantities of
reactants and products in the Solvay process.
42. 437-438
41. Process information to solve problems
and quantitatively analyse the relative
quantities of reactants and products in each
step of the process
42. Use available evidence to determine the
criteria used to locate a chemical industry using
the Solvay process as an example
36. 431
37. 430
38. 431-433
40. 448-449
42. Use the Solvay plant in Adelaide as an example
of the criteria applied to siting a chemical industry.
Revision Questions - Jacaranda Chemistry 2. Set Revision 16.3
pages 439-440
16.3
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GENERAL REVISION
CD- MODULE Option 1 - REVISION
QUESTIONS - Chapters 15 and 16
CD Option Module
1- REVISION
QUESTIONS
Use the supplied set of questions to revise all of
Option Module 1
20 Multiple Choice and 20 open-ended questions in
the style of the HSC are available.
Model answers are available on the CD.
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