DNA to Protein and Biotechnology Study Guide
The test will be given on Tuesday March 16th
From ‘DNA Mutations’
 Know the different types of mutations. Be able to perform these mutations on a
stretch of DNA and determine how great an effect the mutation will have on the
resulting protein..
From ‘DNA and RNA’ lab know….
What are the three parts of every DNA Nucleotide?
What are the three parts of every RNA Nucleotide?
What are the four DNA nucleotides?
What are the four RNA nucleotides?
Know the base pairing rules for DNA and RNA.
What is the shape of a DNA molecule?
What is the shape of a RNA molecule?
What parts of the DNA molecules make up the sides of the ladder? What parts
make up the rungs?
From ‘DNA to Protein Packet’ know…..
What are the functions of the DNA molecule?
What are the functions of the RNA molecules?
What is the difference between the coding and non-coding strand of DNA?
What are the two steps of protein synthesis?
Describe transcription and translation.
Know the base pairing rules for DNA-DNA, DNA-mRNA, mRNA-tRNA.
How are mRNA and tRNA different?
Know how to use the mRNA to Amino Acid chart. You do not need to memorize
this, I will provide you with a copy during the test.
Who first described the organization and structure of the DNA molecule?
What is a triplet?
What is a codon?
What is an anti-codon?
How are different proteins formed if there are only 4 different DNA bases and 23
different amino acids?
From ‘Isolate Your DNA’ lab know…..
What does the soap do to the cells in this lab?
What does the alcohol do for us in this lab?
Who should have access to your DNA and why?
Given that DNA is so small, how come we could see it in this lab?
How does soap kill bacteria?
From various PCR Activities know
The purpose of PCR
The order of the steps of PCR
The definitions of the following words and how they are used in the reaction:
polymerase, primer
What can the DNA copied in PCR be used for?
From Interactive Reader p. 131-144 know
The steps involved in DNA replication.
Parts of a DNA nucleotide.
Transcription & Translation
From Interactive Reader p. 156-164 know…
What is the Human Genome Project?
What were the findings of the Human Genome Project?
What is a Genome? What is Genomics?
How is genomic information used in society and healthcare?
What is genetic engineering?
What is recombinant DNA?
What are genetically modified organisms or GMOs?
How are GMOs used?
What is a clone? How is a clone created?
You can also review the steps of PCR in this section.