Quiz 3
1. What are the three main types of rock?

B. Igneous,metamorphic,sedimentary
2. Which type of rock is formed when molten magma or lava solidifies?

A. igneous
3. What is an igneous or sedimentary rock that has been changed by extreme pressure and
heat?

D. metamorphic
4. For fault A, in the figure above, what principle allows you to determine its relative age
with respect to the stratigraphic sequence?

D) principle of cross-cutting relationships
For questions 5, 6, 7 and 8 refer to the diagram above
5. For the illustration above, what would be the change in atomic number from parent
element to daughter element as a result of alpha emission?

D) -2
6. For the illustration above, what would be the change in atomic number from parent
element to daughter element as a result of beta decay?

A) +1
7. For the illustration above, what would be the change in atomic mass from parent
element to daughter element as a result of alpha emission?

B) - 4
8. For the illustration above, what would be the change in atomic mass from parent
element to daughter element as a result of beta decay?

E) There will be no change in atomic mass.
For questions 9 and 10 refer to the diagram above:
9. For the block diagram above, which of the following statements is(are) true?

E) Both B and C are true statements.
10. What stratigraphic principle allowed you to answer question 9?

D) principle of cross-cutting relationships
11. An isotope that is undergoing radioactive decay is called a _____, and an isotope that
forms as a result of radioactive decay is called a _____.

parent, daughter
12. In the process of alpha decay. How does the daughter element compare to the parent
with respect to atomic number and mass?

The daughter element reduces its atomic number by 2 and its atomic mass by
4
13. In beta decay a neutron becomes a proton inside the nucleus of an atom. What
changes the atomic mass, atomic number or both?

There is an increase in the atomic number, but the mass remains the same.
14. Numerical age is the age of a rock or geological feature in years.

True
15. An unconformity is a gap in the stratigraphic sequence.

True
16. In the photo (ABOVE) of the stratigraphic sequence of the Grand Canyon, the
Redwall Limestone is the youngest layer.

False
For questions 17, 18, and 19 refer to the picture above
17. A(n) ______is a surface of erosion that separates younger strata above from older
igneous or metamorphic rocks below.
NONCONFORMITY
18. A(n) ______is a surface of erosion in which the orientation of the older strata, below,
are parallel to the younger strata, above.
DISCONFORMITY
19. A(n) ______is a surface of erosion between two groups of sedimentary rocks in
which the older strata , below, are at angle to the younger strata, above.
ANGULAR UNCONFORMITY
20. A(n) ______is a gap in the rock record across which there is a significant amount of
missing time.
UNCONFORMITY