Geological Hazards:
Overall lab instructions: Students need to complete 2 of the major activities and then the summary activity in incorporating
uncertainty in a personal risk perspective. If students do all of the activities in hope of extra credit, do not spend the time
grading everything. Only grade the first two activities.
ACTIVITY: SEISMIC UNCERTAINTY IN SEATTLE
Question 2: Do earthquakes occur in the Seattle Area, based on interpreting the map?
The scoring guide:
0 - left blank or answer written so poorly that we could not understand
1 - reasonable guess, but wrong
2 - correct answer, but just a bare bones answer without supporting evidence or reasoning
3 - correct answer with a small amount of supporting observations, evidence and reasoning
4 and 5 - correct answer that draws on observations of maps and prior information, with score depending on level of detail in
observations, evidence, and reasoning
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
Good answer. Links to
observations on the map.
Connects to lecture material.
Just a bit above bare bones
Score
Feedback
5
Nice job
3
Bare bones answer
2
Your answer was correct. The scoring guide indicates that a correct answer
with just a little bit in the way of supporting observations earns 3 points.
To receive more, you need to make specific observations about the map,
link that to prior information you learned from lecture and readings, and
the link the two with reasoning.
Your answer was correct. The scoring guide indicates that a bare-bones
answer gets 2 points. To receive more, you need to make specific
Student writing was incredibly
confusing.
1
Nothing uploaded
0
observations about the map, link that to prior information you learned from
lecture and readings, and the link the two with reasoning.
Your writing was confusing, to the point where I could not understand
what you were trying to say. Proofing your writing is so important. Before
you “submit the lab”, just scroll back up to the essay questions and try to
read outloud what you write. Then take the time to hit “edit” and fix your
writing.
Your answer was left blank.
Question 3: Why is the Seattle area seismically active?
The scoring guide:
0 - left blank or answer written so poorly that we could not understand
1 - reasonable guess, but wrong
2 - correct answer, but just a bare bones answer without supporting evidence or reasoning
3 - correct answer with a small amount of supporting observations, evidence and reasoning
4 and 5 - correct answer that draws on observations of maps and prior information, with score depending on level of detail in
observations, evidence, and reasoning
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
Good answer. Provides a nice
summary of the plate tectonic
context.
Just a bit above bare bones.
Student makes the link to
lecture material, but in just 1 or
2 sentences.
Bare bones answer that links
seismic activity to plate tectonic
context.
Score
Feedback
5
Nice job
3
Student writing was incredibly
confusing.
1
Nothing uploaded
0
Your answer was correct. The scoring guide indicates that a correct answer
with just a little bit in the way of supporting observations earns 3 points.
To receive more, you needed to provide more detail. The question itself
asks that you “mine” the information from the lectures and from a reading.
Your answer was correct. The scoring guide indicates that a bare-bones
answer gets 2 points. To receive more, you needed to provide more detail.
The question itself asks that you “mine” the information from the lectures
and from a reading.
Your writing was confusing, to the point where I could not understand
what you were trying to say. Proofing your writing is so important. Before
you “submit the lab”, just scroll back up to the essay questions and try to
read outloud what you write. Then take the time to hit “edit” and fix your
writing.
Your answer was left blank.
2
Question 4: 12 points total
What is the intensity of shaking in the Beacon Hill neighborhood for an earthquake that has a 10% chance of occurring in the next 50
years? _____________
and for an earthquake that has a 2% chance of occurring? ____________
[Note: just read off the scale on the map and answer in terms of %g]
Now, answer the same questions for the Fauntleroy neighborhood for an earthquake that has a 10% chance of occurring in the next 50
years? _____________
and for an earthquake that has a 2% chance of occurring? ____________
Now, answer the same questions for the Rainier Valley neighborhood for an earthquake that has a 10% chance of occurring in the next
50 years? _____________
and for an earthquake that has a 2% chance of occurring? ____________
Scoring Guide:
You earn 2 points for the correct interpretation of the seismic maps, 1 point for a close answer, and 0
for not answering or being very far off.
Question
2 pts, these
numbers or
between them
50-60
1 pt, these numbers
or between them
100-120
80 and 140
Now, answer the same questions for the Fauntleroy neighborhood for an
earthquake that has a 10% chance of occurring in the next 50 years?
and for an earthquake that has a 2% chance of occurring?
40-50
30 and 60
100-120
80 and 140
Now, answer the same questions for the Rainier Valley neighborhood for
20-30
20 and 40
What is the intensity of shaking in the Beacon Hill neighborhood for an
earthquake that has a 10% chance of occurring in the next 50 years?
and for an earthquake that has a 2% chance of occurring? ____________
40 and 80
an earthquake that has a 10% chance of occurring in the next 50 years?
and for an earthquake that has a 2% chance of occurring? ____________
50-60
45 and 80
SO … JUST COMPARE THEIR ENTRIES TO THIS TABLE AND ADD UP THE NUMBER OF POINTS.
KEY
All in the
right range
Points
12
Your point
total came
to 11
11
Your point
total came
to 11
10
Your point
total came
9
Feedback
Nice job! This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the
general public. But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground
shaking in terms of percent gravity. So you are now a “go to” person in your family for
reading these types of maps, if you have relatives who live (or might be thinking of buying
houses) in seismic risk. Eventually, all of the seismic hazardous areas on national map you
interpreted in the first question will have these types of maps.
Nice job! There was just 1 map reading place where you were a bit off. This lab uses a new
way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public. But it is a pretty
unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms of percent gravity.
So you are now a “go to” person in your family for reading these types of maps, if you have
relatives who live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic risk. Eventually, all of
the seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first question will have
these types of maps.
Good job. Two points were taken off, based on the scoring guide of 1 point off for a close
answer and 2 taken off for an answer being very far off.
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. So you are now a “go to” person in your family for reading these types of
maps, if you have relatives who live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic risk.
Eventually, all of the seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first
question will have these types of maps.
Good job! Three points were taken off, based on the scoring guide of 1 point off for a close
answer and 2 taken off for an answer being very far off.
to 11
Your point
total came
to 11
Your point
total came
to 11
Your point
total came
to 11
8
7
6
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. So you are now a “go to” person in your family for reading these types of
maps, if you have relatives who live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic risk.
Eventually, all of the seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first
question will have these types of maps.
Four points were taken off, based on the scoring guide of 1 point off for a close answer and 2
taken off for an answer being very far off.
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. If you or relatives live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic
risk, reading these sorts of maps can turn out to be very important. Eventually, all of the
seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first question will have these
types of maps.
Five points were taken off, based on the scoring guide of 1 point off for a close answer and 2
taken off for an answer being very far off.
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. If you or relatives live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic
risk, reading these sorts of maps can turn out to be very important. Eventually, all of the
seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first question will have these
types of maps.
Six points were taken off, based on the scoring guide of 1 point off for a close answer and 2
taken off for an answer being very far off.
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. If you or relatives live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic
risk, reading these sorts of maps can turn out to be very important. Eventually, all of the
seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first question will have these
Your point
total came
to 11
Your point
total came
to 11
Your point
total came
to 11
Your point
total came
to 2 or the
student put
down
5
4
3
2
types of maps.
Seven points were taken off, based on the scoring guide of 1 point off for a close answer and
2 taken off for an answer being very far off.
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. If you or relatives live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic
risk, reading these sorts of maps can turn out to be very important. Eventually, all of the
seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first question will have these
types of maps.
Eight points were taken off, based on the scoring guide of 1 point off for a close answer and 2
taken off for an answer being very far off.
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. If you or relatives live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic
risk, reading these sorts of maps can turn out to be very important. Eventually, all of the
seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first question will have these
types of maps.
Nine points were taken off, based on the scoring guide of 1 point off for a close answer and 2
taken off for an answer being very far off.
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. If you or relatives live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic
risk, reading these sorts of maps can turn out to be very important. Eventually, all of the
seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first question will have these
types of maps.
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. If you or relatives live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic
risk, reading these sorts of maps can turn out to be very important. Eventually, all of the
seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first question will have these
something
related to
earthquakes
Your point 1
total came
to 1 or the
student put
down
something
related to
earthquakes
Nothing
0
filled out
types of maps.
This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the general public.
But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground shaking in terms
of percent gravity. If you or relatives live (or might be thinking of buying houses) in seismic
risk, reading these sorts of maps can turn out to be very important. Eventually, all of the
seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first question will have these
types of maps.
Even though nothing was filled out, you might want to go back and learn to read these types
of maps. This lab uses a new way that seismologists are using to indicate hazards to the
general public. But it is a pretty unusual map of thinking in terms of the amount of ground
shaking in terms of percent gravity. If you or relatives live (or might be thinking of buying
houses) in seismic risk, reading these sorts of maps can turn out to be very important.
Eventually, all of the seismic hazardous areas on national map you interpreted in the first
question will have these types of maps.
Question 5 - 8 points .. Make an argument here, using your knowledge of the science behind these seismic hazards why
you and your significant other should not move to Seattle.
Scoring Guide
0 - left blank or answer written so poorly that we could not understand
1-2 – Answer has something to do with the topic, but student did not understand the task
5-6 – Reasonable answer, but with limited support
7-8 – Answer has support based on several observations from the seismic maps and incorporates processes discussed in
lectures and/or lecture readings
Key Guidance: Grade this
very leniently.
The answer is reasonable AND
the student mentions
observations from maps
observed in earlier tasks AND
discusses processes brought up
in earlier questions
The answer is reasonable AND
the student mentions
observations from maps
observed in earlier tasks OR
discusses processes brought up
in earlier questions
The answer is reasonable and
well written.
Score
Feedback
8
Nice job.
7
Nice answer. The reason why 1 point was taken off was because full
points are reserved for answers that “mine” observations from seismic
maps seen earlier in the lab AND also discussed processes presented in
readings or lectures.
6
Most of the labs have this sort of a question at the end, where we want you
to apply the concepts at the end of a sequence of questions. As indicated
by the key, we are looking for more than just the answer to the question.
We want you to support your answer with evidence (from the observations
or measurements that you made … the data …. earlier in the lab). Then,
we also want you to incorporate basic concepts learned in the lecture
The answer is reasonable, but
really a minimal reasonable
answer.
5
Answer has something to do
with the topic, but did not really
answer the question.
2
Student writing was incredibly
confusing.
1
presentations or readings. Answers that “mine” data and use
processes/concepts from lecture are the ones that receive full points.
Most of the labs have this sort of a question at the end, where we want you
to apply the concepts at the end of a sequence of questions. As indicated
by the key, we are looking for more than just the answer to the question.
We want you to support your answer with evidence (from the observations
or measurements that you made … the data …. earlier in the lab). Then,
we also want you to incorporate basic concepts learned in the lecture
presentations or readings. Answers that “mine” data and use
processes/concepts from lecture are the ones that receive full points.
When your answer was read, it just did not seem like it focused on the
question itself. Most of the labs have this sort of a question at the end,
where we want you to apply the concepts at the end of a sequence of
questions. As indicated by the key, we are looking for more than just the
answer to the question. We want you to support your answer with
evidence (from the observations or measurements that you made … the
data …. earlier in the lab). Then, we also want you to incorporate basic
concepts learned in the lecture presentations or readings. Answers that
“mine” data and use processes/concepts from lecture are the ones that
receive full points.
Your writing was confusing, to the point where I could not understand
what you were trying to say. Proofing your writing is so important. Before
you “submit the lab”, just scroll back up to the essay questions and try to
read outloud what you write. Then take the time to hit “edit” and fix your
writing.
You might appreciate this perspective, even though it might sound like a
broken record. Most of the labs have this sort of a question at the end,
where we want you to apply the concepts at the end of a sequence of
questions. As indicated by the key, we are looking for more than just the
answer to the question. We want you to support your answer with
evidence (from the observations or measurements that you made … the
data …. earlier in the lab). Then, we also want you to incorporate basic
Nothing uploaded
0
concepts learned in the lecture presentations or readings. Answers that
“mine” data and use processes/concepts from lecture are the ones that
receive full points.
Your answer was left blank.
Question 6 - 5 points .. What is the connection between the geologic materials and seismic shaking risk, and why do you
think there is this connection between the geologic materials and seismic shaking risk?
The scoring:
0 - left blank or answer written so poorly that we could not understand
1 - reasonable guess, but wrong
2 - correct answer, but just a bare bones answer without supporting evidence or reasoning
3 - correct answer with a small amount of supporting observations, evidence and reasoning
4 and 5 - correct answer that draws on observations of maps and prior information, with score
depending on level of detail in observations, evidence, and reasoning. A full credit answer is written
well (proofread).
Key Guidance: Grade this
Score
very leniently. We are asking
students to simply connect
greater seismic hazard to the
presence of unconsolidated
materials (labeled loose soil
on the map). That’s it. Very
simple.
Student connects loose soil
5
(unconsolidated material) to
greater seismic risk AND
simply refers back to the
seismic maps interpreted earlier
Same as 5, but answer not well 4
Feedback
Nice job.
Nice answer. A point was deducted, because of the lack of proofreading of
written.
The answer is reasonable, but
didn’t draw on prior
observations of maps.
The answer is reasonable but
very bare bones … like student
is trying to finish FAST.
Student writing was incredibly
confusing.
Nothing uploaded
3
your answer.
Your answer is reasonable. Points were deducted, because you did not
refer back to your observations of the Seattle seismic maps.
2
Your answer is reasonable. Points were deducted, because you did not
refer back to your observations of the Seattle seismic maps.
1
Your writing was confusing, to the point where I could not understand
what you were trying to say. Proofing your writing is so important. Before
you “submit the lab”, just scroll back up to the essay questions and try to
read outloud what you write. Then take the time to hit “edit” and fix your
writing.
Your answer was left blank.
0
Question 5 - 5 points . Now,
make an argument here, using your knowledge of the uncertainty of
seismic hazards, why you and your significant should move to Seattle. In other words, make a
case why the uncertainties are such that the financial gain of the move is worth the risks.
The scoring:
0 - left blank or answer written so poorly that we could not understand
1- Answer has something to do with the topic, but student did not understand the task
2-3 Reasonable answer, but with limited support
4-5 – Answer has support based on several observations (i.e. your map reading) from the previous lab tasks and
incorporates processes discussed in lectures and/or lecture readings. A full credit answer is written well.
Key Guidance: Grade this
very leniently. We are asking
students to simply think about
issues of uncertainties. This is
a major criteria in a SQ class.
They need to think about
what they did and the
information in this question.
Student lists uncertainties AND
refers back to their own
observations.
Same as 5, but answer not well
written.
The answer is reasonable, but
didn’t draw on prior
observations of maps.
The answer is reasonable but
Score
Feedback
Feel free to add additional comments based on the argument that the
student made. You’ll find that the answers can be pretty amusing.
5
Nice job.
4
Nice answer. A point was deducted, because of the lack of proofreading of
your answer.
Your answer is reasonable. Points were deducted, because you did not
refer back to your observations of the Seattle seismic maps. This
requirement is indicated in the scoring guide.
Your answer is reasonable. Points were deducted, because you did not
3
2
very bare bones … like student
is trying to finish FAST.
Student writing was incredibly
confusing.
Nothing uploaded
refer back to your observations of the Seattle seismic maps.
1
0
Your writing was confusing, to the point where I could not understand
what you were trying to say. Proofing your writing is so important. Before
you “submit the lab”, just scroll back up to the essay questions and try to
read outloud what you write. Then take the time to hit “edit” and fix your
writing.
Your answer was left blank.
ACTIVITY: HUALALAI VOLCANO HAWAII
Q9. What are the types of lava flows that occur in Hawaii? _____________ (name of rock type,
lava type). Scoring: 1 points - correct answer, 0 - far off or left blank
Key Guidance: This is cut
and dry
Acceptable:
Score
Feedback
1
Nice job
0.5
8
The correct name for the lava in Hawaii is basalt
The correct name for the lava in Hawaii is basalt
Basalt
Hawaiite
Mafic and Extrusive
Mafic or ocean crust
Wrong or blank.
Q10. Do these types of lava erupt violently? Describe what would you expect if one of these
eruptions were heading towards your condo on the coast under Hualalai?
Scoring: 2 points answer demonstrates a clear and detailed understanding of the nature of the volcanic hazard
associated with Hawaiian lava; 1 points - answer is clear and correct, but not detailed; 0 - far off or
left blank
Key Guidance: This is cut
and dry
Acceptable:
Score
Feedback
2
Nice job
Not violent.
Oozing, gentle flowing lava
towards the condo.
Something off target
1
Just Wrong or blank.
0
Since basalt is mafic (does not have a lot of silicon), it does not erupt
violently. The lava flows in slow-moving streams downhill. So you would
have plenty of time to get out of your condo and probably even move your
possessions out of the way of the basalt flow.
Since basalt is mafic (does not have a lot of silicon), it does not erupt
violently. The lava flows in slow-moving streams downhill. So you would
have plenty of time to get out of your condo and probably even move your
possessions out of the way of the basalt flow.
Q11. Why is Hualalai Volcano a volcanic hazard? [Hint: what is the source of all of the lava flow
eruptions in Hawaii?]
Scoring: 2 points - answer demonstrates a clear understanding of the nature
of the cause of hazards associated with Hawaiian lava; 1 point - on the right track; 0 - far off or left
blank
Key Guidance: This is cut
and dry
Acceptable:
The volcanic hazard exists
Score
Feedback
2
Nice job
because of the hot spot.
Something off target
1
Just Wrong or blank.
0
Hualalai volcano is a volcanic hazard because of the Hawaiian hot spot.
This plume in the mantle melts the oceanic crust and generates the magma,
that then erupts from different volcanoes.
Hualalai volcano is a volcanic hazard because of the Hawaiian hot spot.
This plume in the mantle melts the oceanic crust and generates the magma,
that then erupts from different volcanoes.
Q12 Paste here the histogram of known ages of lava flows on Hualalai Volcano (15 Points)
0 points - left blank or student failed to use the categories indicated in the table
1-5 point - some attempt made, but way off (to varying degrees)
6-9 points - histogram the reflects correct pattern, but is off substantially from the correct answer (to
varying degrees)
10-14- histogram is correct in most columns, but is off in 3 (14 pts), 2 (12 pts), or 1 column (10 pts)
15 points - histogram is correct
This is what Dorn made using the map.
A.D. 1800-1801
<2000 C-14
2000-3999 C-14
4000-5999 C-14
6000-9999 C-14
> 10,000 C-14
2
11
16
3
5
4
There are issues of map interpretation that make it difficult to interpret some of the radiocarbon dates. Some of these uncertainties
involve not being able to figure out whether the date belongs to Hualalai or to Mauna Kea. There are also cases where a digit is
swallowed up by a layering problem in their graphics program. So you are looking for this general pattern.
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
Number of Dates
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
A.D. 1800- <2000 C- 2000-3999 4000-5999 6000-9999 > 10,000
1801
14
C-14
C-14
C-14
C-14
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
Some of the column heights are
off by 1-3, but pretty close to
this. The biggest deviation you
will see will be in the 20003999 category. It is okay to
give full credit as low as 12
dates in this column.
Score
Feedback
15
Nice job.
Another common difference
will be 1 or 2 off in the 60009999 and >10,000. It is okay to
have them be the same height or
backwards.
The pattern in reasonably close, 12
but the column heights reveal
that the student just didn’t
compile the ages carefully.
Basically, this answer will have
lower column heights.
The pattern of the histogram
9
does indicate most of the dates
under 4000 years. But other
than this characteristic, the
histogram looks differently
Student tried.
6
Had trouble making a
histogram.
3
Nothing uploaded
0
Your compilation of radiocarbon ages shows the correct general pattern.
The surface of Haualai Volcano, as indicated by the radiocarbon ages, is
dominated by lava flows younger than 4000 years. However, the exact
number in the different categories was substantially lower than what is
present on the map.
Your compilation of radiocarbon ages shows the correct general pattern.
The surface of Haualai Volcano, as indicated by the radiocarbon ages, is
dominated by lava flows younger than 4000 years. However, the exact
number in the different categories was pretty far off from what exists on
the map.
Your compilation of radiocarbon ages indicates that you did try to gather
data from this source, but the overall pattern that you portrayed just does
not match with the radiocarbon ages on the map.
The key to making a histogram is to count up the number of radiocarbon
dates (or whatever) in each category (“bin”). Notice in some of the
examples given, the vertical axis always displays the Number of Dates.
Notice that the categories always stay the same. We specify the categories,
and you just “tick count” and “add up” how many lava flows are in each
category.
Your answer was left blank.
Q13. Based on your examination of the different lava flow radiocarbon ages, do you identify a
pattern in time of eruptive activity? Or, do you see that eruptions are increasing in frequency
over time? Or, do you see a more continuous pattern of eruptions over time? Please explain
your thinking. (5 points)
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
Student uses several examples
from their data in explaining the
histogram.
Students one example from
their data in explaining the
histogram
Students just explain the pattern
they see, without mentioning
examples
Score
Feedback
5
Nice job
4
You did a nice job of explaining the pattern in the histogram, and you did
provide an example.
3
You did a nice job of explaining the pattern in the histogram, but you
didn’t provide specific examples. Whenever there are questions that come
after the compilation of data, full point answers demand that you “mine”
the specific data.
Your answer to the question does not match the histogram that you created
for the previous question.
We appreciate you making an attempt to answer this question. However,
the answer just does not make any sense.
Your answer was left blank.
The student explanation does
2
not match the histogram pattern.
The student’s answer just does
1
not make sense.
Blank
0
Q14 Based on your visual scan of the geologic map, and looking at just the “h” lava flows from
Hualalai – please estimate the rough percentage of Hualalai covered by flows: (5 points)
Younger than 750 years:
Between 750 and 3000 years:
Between 3000 and 5000 years:
Older than 5000 years:
___________%
___________%
___________%
___________%
Key Guidance: Do not hesitate to give full
points.
<750:
5-20% acceptable
750-3000: 20-50% acceptable
3000-5000: 10-30% acceptable
>5000
10-30% acceptable
as long as add up to 100%
Same as above, but not add up to 100%
Score
Feedback
5
Nice job
4
<750:
5-40% acceptable
750-3000: 5-60% acceptable
3000-5000: 5-50% acceptable
>5000
5-50% acceptable
as long as add up to 100%
Same as above, but not add up to 100%
3
A nice job, except that your answer did not total
100% (point off)
Your estimates were pretty far off. What you are
doing is just looking at the color groupings and
estimating the percent area.
What was put down is not within the above
ranges.
Blank.
1
2
0
Your estimates were pretty far off, and you total
did not add up to 100%
Your answer was left blank.
Q15 Make an argument here, using your knowledge of the science behind these volcanic
hazards why you and your significant other should not accept the job and should not live
under the steep slopes of Hualalai Volcano
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
Position supported by data
gathered earlier or
readings/lecture material. Well
written
Position supported by data and
readings/lecture material.
Score
Feedback
5
Your position is reasonable, and you provide support for your position
from the data you interpreted, as well as lecture/readings. Plus, your
answer is well written.
4
Your position is reasonable, and you provide support for your position
from the data you interpreted, as well as lecture/readings. However, you
did not do a careful job of proofreading before you submitted your answer.
Full credit requires
Your position is quite reasonable. However, the scoring key indicates the
need to refer to data you gathered in the activity. Your argument was
general in nature and did not “mine” the data on the ages of the lava flows.
Your position is reasonable, but little support was provided to back up your
position.
The writing was not easily understood. While I thought I could make out
some of the ideas, I just did not feel comfortable ‘putting words in your
mouth’. Its important that someone else takes a look at what you submit to
see if it makes sense to them. You can just “submit” your answer to save
it, and then have a friend go through and proofread your essay answers.
Your answer was left blank.
Writing not proofed.
Reasonable position, but no
evidence or data presented.
3
Minimal answer
2
Hard to understand
1
Blank answer
0
Q16 make an argument here to your significant other, using your knowledge of the uncertainty
of volcanic hazards, why you and your significant other should definitely take the offer and
move to Kahaluu-Keauhou. In other words, make a case why the uncertainties are such that
the financial gain of the move is worth the risks.
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
• Lists uncertainties
• Uses data to support position
• Proofread
• Lists uncertainties
• Uses data to support position
• Writing/proofing problems
Score
Feedback
5
Nice job.
4
While you did present and analyze uncertainties associated with volcanic
hazards, your writing should have been proofread more carefully. The
scoring guide indicates that to receive full credit, you need to have
proofread what you wrote.
While you did present and analyze uncertainties associated with volcanic
hazards, the scoring guide indicates that points are taken off if you did not
“use” data/evidence from earlier in the lab.
While your answer is reasonable, your discussion was minimal. The
question asks you to make a case. The scoring guide indicates the need for
evidence “mined” from the radiocarbon ages and analysis of those data.
The writing was not easily understood. While I thought I could make out
some of the ideas, I just did not feel comfortable ‘putting words in your
mouth’. Its important that someone else takes a look at what you submit to
see if it makes sense to them. You can just “submit” your answer to save
it, and then have a friend go through and proofread your essay answers.
Your answer was left blank.
Answer lists uncertainties but
3
does not use data/evidence from
the lab to support.
Minimal answer… obviously
2
don’t quickly, but answer is still
reasonable
Just cannot understand what the 1
student wrote
Blank answer
0
Q17 Where would you choose to buy a house? In other words, what area underneath Hualalai
do you think poses the least danger. Why?
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
Answer
• Identifies lat/long
• Answers the question of what
area poses the least danger
• Evidence/data used to support
that answer
• Answer supported by some
reasoning/logic
• No grammatical errors
Missing 1 of the above
Score
Feedback
5
Nice job.
4
Missing 2 of the above
3
Student made a reasonable
argument.
2
A full credit answer requires that you (1) identift the latitude/longitude of
where you would buy a house; (2) answer the question; (3) support your
answer with data (i.e. maps of lava flow ages); (4) support your answer
with reasonable logic; and (5) proofread your writing. As indicated in the
scoring guide, you missed one of these requirements and hence lost one
point.
A full credit answer requires that you (1) identift the latitude/longitude of
where you would buy a house; (2) answer the question; (3) support your
answer with data (i.e. maps of lava flow ages); (4) support your answer
with reasonable logic; and (5) proofread your writing. As indicated in the
scoring guide, you missed two of these requirements and hence lost two
points.
A full credit answer requires that you (1) identift the latitude/longitude of
where you would buy a house; (2) answer the question; (3) support your
answer with data (i.e. maps of lava flow ages); (4) support your answer
with reasonable logic; and (5) proofread your writing. As indicated in the
scoring guide, you missed three of these requirements and hence lost three
Just could not understand what
the student wrote.
1
Blank answer
0
points.
The writing was not easily understood. While I thought I could make out
some of the ideas, I just did not feel comfortable ‘putting words in your
mouth’. Its important that someone else takes a look at what you submit to
see if it makes sense to them. You can just “submit” your answer to save
it, and then have a friend go through and proofread your essay answers.
Your answer was left blank.
ACTIVITY: TSUNAMI’S ON THE EAST COAST
Q18. Based on Professor Ward’s presentation, please list and explain the different processes
(ways) that can generate a tsunami:
Here are the ways listed by Professor Ward’s lecture:
Earthquakes, sea floor landslides, submarine canyon landslides, continental slope landslides, and other
disturbances from below the ocean floor.
Asteroids, volcanoes and landslides falling on the ocean disturbing the ocean’s surface.
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
Student lists almost all of the
mechanisms and explains them.
Score
Feedback
10
Nice job. We know it took quite a bit of time for you to go through the
presentation. However, we count this time towards completing the 45
hours of lecture required by the Arizona Board of Regents. Also, Dr. Ward
is one of the world’s experts on how a tsunami can form.
This is the type of complete
answer that lists everything, but
doesn’t explain that the
disturbance can be generated at
the surface of the ocean or the
sea bottom…
Earthquakes, sea floor
landslides, submarine
canyon landslides,
continental slope landslides,
and other disturbances from
below the ocean floor.
Asteroids, volcanoes.
[Notice that student
missed explaining that
these are from disturbing
the surface of the ocean.]
Most large tsunamis
originate in subduction
zones.
These are a typical type of
answers for this score that
misses a few:
The processes that can generate
a tsunami are asteroids falling
into the ocean, explosive
volcanoes in the ocean,
earthquakes in the ocean, and
landslides in the ocean.
9
The scoring key indicates that a point be taken off for missing a process or
not explaining it. Also, we know it took quite a bit of time for you to go
through the presentation. However, we count this time towards completing
the 45 hours of lecture required by the Arizona Board of Regents. Also,
Dr. Ward is one of the world’s experts on how a tsunami can form.
8
The scoring key indicates that a point be taken off for missing a process or
not explaining it. We deducted two points. Also, we know it took quite a
bit of time for you to go through the presentation. However, we count this
time towards completing the 45 hours of lecture required by the Arizona
Board of Regents. Also, Dr. Ward is one of the world’s experts on how a
tsunami can form.
“Tsunami can be generated
by two processes;
disturbance on the surface of
the sea (asteroids and
volcanoes), disturbance on
the sea bottom (earthquakes
and landslides).”
Just above a minimal job
6
Student did a minimal job of
just listing a few.
5
You didn’t understand the
writing.
1
Blank answer
0
The scoring key indicates that a point be taken off for missing a process or
not explaining it. We deducted four points. Also, we know it took quite a
bit of time for you to go through the presentation. However, we count this
time towards completing the 45 hours of lecture required by the Arizona
Board of Regents. Also, Dr. Ward is one of the world’s experts on how a
tsunami can form.
The scoring key indicates that a point be taken off for missing a process or
not explaining it. We deducted five points. Also, we know it took quite a
bit of time for you to go through the presentation. However, we count this
time towards completing the 45 hours of lecture required by the Arizona
Board of Regents. Also, Dr. Ward is one of the world’s experts on how a
tsunami can form.
The writing was not easily understood. While I thought I could make out
some of the ideas, I just did not feel comfortable ‘putting words in your
mouth’. Its important that someone else takes a look at what you submit to
see if it makes sense to them. You can just “submit” your answer to save
it, and then have a friend go through and proofread your essay answers.
Your answer was left blank.
Q19. Do you think that the La Palma tsunami scenario is worth considering in planning
coastal towns and major transportation routes?
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
Score
Feedback
a well written answer where
the student answered the
question with a reasonable
explanation and several
sentences of detail from the
readings and presentations
As above, but not proofread
5
Nice job
4
the student answered the
question with a reasonable
explanation and a little bit of
detail from the readings and
presentations
the student answered the
question with a reasonable
explanation, but no details
3
As indicated in the scoring guide, a full credit answer requires that you
proofread what you wrote.
Your answer needed more support from the readings and presentations.
While reasonable, your answer just did not show that you read the readings
or watched the presentations.
2
Your answer was reasonable, but you did not support your answer with
details found in the readings or presentations.
You can’t understand what the
heck the student wrote
1
Blank answer
0
The writing was not easily understood. While I thought I could make out
some of the ideas, I just did not feel comfortable ‘putting words in your
mouth’. Its important that someone else takes a look at what you submit to
see if it makes sense to them. You can just “submit” your answer to save
it, and then have a friend go through and proofread your essay answers.
Your answer was left blank.
Q20. Extra Credit Question: Please explain the similarities and any differences you see between a tsunami generated
by an asteroid impact and the collapse of La Palma. 5 Points
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
Score
Feedback
The answer is a well-written
response that gives specific
details. In other words, full
answers discuss particular
locations and compares the
different models with where
the tsunami inundates land in
the New York City area
5
Nice job
Answer is general in nature and
mostly lacks specifics
Some lame attempt was made.
3
Blank answer
0
A full credit answer requires specifics in terms of locations and compares
different models. This is indicated in the scoring guide.
Comparing different models of tsunami impact requires a careful
comparison of the different models and a detailed answer that presents
these comparisons. This is indicated in the scoring guide.
Your answer was left blank.
1
Question 21: FILL IN THIS TABLE! 20 Points
Location/Scenario
New York/Miller Field
N 40.56429 W 74.09317
NY/Behind Dover Beaches North
N 39.98870 W 74.06227
Cape Code/Behind West Dennis
How
High
Full
Points
30-70
ft
15-45
ft
10-50
ft
How High How Far inland Full
–1 point
Points
How far Inland –1
point
10 to 90 ft 2-5 km
1-10 km
5 to 90 ft
2-20 km
4-10 km
10 to 70 ft 2-8 km
1-9 km
N 41.65265 W 70.17517
Cape Code/Behind New Seabury
N 41.57128 W 70.47112
Cape Code/Behind Mattapoisett
N 41.66214 W 70.82233
10-40
ft
20-40
ft
10 to 60 ft 1-5 km
0.5 to 10 km
10 to 60 ft 4- 10 km
1 to 15 km
Question 22. 5 points. How do the different uncertainties affect your original answer about the
La Palma Scenario?
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
• Reasonable explanation
• Sentences of detail
• Specific examples
• Proofread
• Reasonable explanation
• Sentences of detail
• Specific examples
• Writing/proofing problems
Answer lists uncertainties but
does not use data/evidence from
the lab to support.
Minimal answer… obviously
don’t quickly, but answer is still
reasonable
Just cannot understand what the
student wrote
Score
Feedback
5
Nice job.
4
While you did present and analyze the uncertainties involved, your writing
should have been proofread more carefully. The scoring guide indicates
that to receive full credit, you need to have proofread what you wrote.
3
While you did present and analyze uncertainties involved, the scoring
guide indicates that points are taken off if you did not provide detail and
examples from your observations.
While your answer is reasonable, your discussion and support was
minimal. The scoring guide indicates the for several sentences of detail
with specific examples from your observations
The writing was not easily understood. While I thought I could make out
some of the ideas, I just did not feel comfortable ‘putting words in your
mouth’. Its important that someone else takes a look at what you submit to
see if it makes sense to them. You can just “submit” your answer to save
2
1
Blank answer
0
it, and then have a friend go through and proofread your essay answers.
Your answer was left blank.
Question 23. 10 points. In under 250 words, please explain your own personal philosophy in
dealing with natural hazards. In other words, write about how you think about whether the potential
of a natural hazard justifies changing a decision about where you want to live. Although you can
include non-geological hazards in this answer, you are encouraged to pull from examples in this
laboratory to explain your hazard philosophy.
Scoring Guide:
10 - A full credit answer will
be well written
use examples from this laboratory
employ us data you gathered to support your personal philosophy
will defend a philosophy with different types of hazards
4-9: The answer will be missing one or more of the elements listed above
1-3: The answer will be written in a very general way, such that it would be difficult to know if the student actually
completed the laboratory activities.
0: left blank or written without proofing such that we could not understand what was written.
Key Guidance: Do not
hesitate to give full points.
• Well written
• uses examples from the two
Score
Feedback
10
Thank you. Your perspective is well informed and makes sense.
activities that the student did
• uses data gathered
• addresses both hazards that
the student worked on
Not well written but
• uses examples from the two
activities that the student did
• uses data gathered
• addresses both hazards that
the student worked on
Missing data or examples.
9
You have a nice and appropriate answer. However, to be awarded full
credit, your perspective must be well written without errors caught in
proofreading.
7
Your answer is appropriate. However, you did not “mine” very many
examples or data from the two activities that you worked on for this
laboratory. Essays need not just a position, but reasoning and evidence for
support.
We understand that this has been a long lab and that you may be running
out of gas and just wanted to submit a brief answer. If you hit this “wall”
again in future labs. Just come back to the lab in a half hour. These
culminating questions require not just a general answer, but reasoning and
evidence for support.
The writing was not easily understood. While I thought I could make out
some of the ideas, I just did not feel comfortable ‘putting words in your
mouth’. Its important that someone else takes a look at what you submit to
see if it makes sense to them. You can just “submit” your answer to save
it, and then have a friend go through and proofread your essay answers.
Your answer was left blank.
Very minimal answer with lots
of BS
5
Couldn’t make out what the
student wrote.
1
Blank answer
0