Nietzsche & Nihilism
a
p
r
i
o
r
i
a
p
o
s
t
e
r
i
o
r
i
Plato:
form of the Good

(truth)

Forms


(knows)



soul





 (participate in)




(perceives)











physical things

(reflect)

sights & sounds
Spring 2004
Augustine:
God

(creates out of nothing)

Forms


(knows)



understanding 


(pursues/avoids) 

(participate in)
free will



(pursues/avoids)











body / physical things
Handout on the history of metaphysics
Descartes:
God

(creates out of nothing)

a priori ideas

(perceives)

understanding

(affirms/denies/refrains)

free will (= judgment)

(affirms/denies/refrains)

sensations

(cause)

body / physical objects
Kant:
the mind in itself

(creates)

a priori forms of
experience(=space&time)


(knows a priori in
geometry & arithmetic)


free will (= judgment)

(affirms/denies/refrains)

objects of a posteriori
(=empirical) experience:
sensations (in time only)
+
physical objects
(in time & space)
??
??
things in themselves
Schopenhauer:
the world-will in itself

(manifests itself as)

a priori forms of
experience(=space&time)


(knows a priori in
geometry & arithmetic)

subjective consciousness
(not free will)

(affirms/denies/refrains)

objects of a posteriori
(=empirical) experience:
sensations
+
physical objects

(manifests itself as)

the world-will in itself