Preparation of DNA template The DNA fragment was generated using specific primers for the gene of interest and made from a cDNA library. The fragment was digested with BamH1 and cloned into pBluescript II vector. The plasmid was linearized with restriction enzymes (New England Biolabs) and the antisense and the sense strand made by T3 RNA polymerase and T7 polymerase. The restriction enzyme digests were performed overnight at 37oC in 20µl total volume containing 2µg DNA with 5 Units of restriction enzyme. The fragments were seperated on a 1.4% agarose gel and extracted using a Qiaex II gel extraction kit (Qiagen) under Rnase free conditions. The DNA template was then made up to 100µl and an equal volume of chloroform : isoamyl alcochol (24:1) and mixed. The aqueous layer was removed and the DNA precipitated with 1/10 volume of 3M Na Acetate and 2.5 volumes of ethanol. Incubate for 15 minutes at 4oC, then spin for 10 minutes at 10,000g and wash the pellet with 70% ethanol. The pellet was resuspended in 20µl diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC, Sigma) treated water (H20-DEPC). In vitro Transcription The transcription reactions were performed in 20µl volumes. Using the following reaction mixture made at RT: 10µl DNA fragment, 2µl 10x transcription buffer, 2µl 10x DIG RNA labelling mix (Roche), 0.5µl Rnase inhibitor (Roche), 1µl RNA polymerase (T3 or T7) (Roche) and 4.5µl H2O-DEPC the reaction was performed overnight at 37oC. and stopped by the addition of 2µl 0.2M EDTA/H2O-DEPC pH 8.0. The DIG labelled cRNA was precipitated with 1/10 volume 4M LiCl and 2.5 volumes of ethanol at –80oC for 1 hour. The cRNA was recovered by centrifugation at 10,000g for 15 min at 4oC, washed in 70% ethanol, allowed to dry and then resuspended in 50µl H2O-DEPC.