Appendix A:
Confounders associated with perioperative spinal infection with an odds ratio of 1.2 – 2.5
Cerebrovascular Disease
[430-438] Cerebrovascular disease
Hypo or Hyper Calcium
[275.42] Hypercalcemia
[275.41] Hypocalcemia
Peripheral Vascular Disease
[443.9] Peripheral vascular disease, includes intermittent claudication
[441-441.9] Aortic aneurysm
[785.4] Gangrene
Fracture
[800-804] Fracture of skull
[805-809] Fracture of neck and trunk
[810-819] Fracture of upper limb
[820-829] Fracture of lower limb
Hypo or Hyper Thyroidism
[252.0] Hyperparathyroidism
[252.1] Hypoparathyroidism
Confounders associated with perioperative spinal infection with an odds ratio of 2.5 – 3.5
Congestive Heart Failure
[428-428.9] Heart Failure
Dementia
[290-290.9] Senile and pre-senile dementia
Mild liver disease
[571.2] Alcoholic cirrhosis
[571.5] Cirrhosis without mention of alcohol
[571.6] Biliary cirrhosis
[571.4-571.49] Chronic hepatitis
Rheumatologic Disease
[710.0] Systemic lupus erythematosis
[710.1] Systemic sclerosis
[710.4] Polymyositis
[714.0-714.2] Adult rheumatoid arthritis
[714.81] Rheumatoid lung
[725] Polymyalgia rheumatica
Any malignancy, including leukemia and lymphyoma
[140-172.9] Malignant neoplasms
[174-195.8] Malignant neoplasms
[200-208.9] Leukemia and lymphoma
Renal Disease
[582-582.9] Chronic glomerulonephritis
1
[583-583.7] Nephritis and nephropathy
[585] Chronic renal failure
[586] Renal failure, unspecified
[588-588.9] Disorders resulting from impaired renal function
Moderate or severe liver disease
[572.2-572.8] Hepatic coma, portal hypertension, other sequelae of chronic liver disease
[456.0-456.21] Esophageal varices
Alcoholism
[303.00 -303.93]
Peptic Ulcer disease
[531-534.9] Gastric duodenal and gastrojejunal ulcers
Scar
[709.2] Scar conditions and fibrosis of skin
[701.4] Keloid scar
Burns
[940 – 949] Burns
Diabetes with chronic complications
[250.4-250.6] Diabetes with renal, ophthalmic, or neurological manifestations
Confounders associated with perioperative spinal infection with an odds ratio of 3.5 – 4.5
Venous embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep vessels of lower extremity
[453.40]
Metastatic solid tumor
[196-199.1] Secondary malignant neoplasm of lymph nodes and other organs
Dehydration
[276.51]
Confounders associated with perioperative spinal infection with an odds ratio of 4.5 - 5.5
Hemiplegia or paraplegia
[344.1] Paraplegia
[342-342.9] Hemiplegia
Confounders associated with perioperative spinal infection with an odds ratio of 5.5 – 6.5
Thrombophlebitis
[451.2] Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of lower extremities, unspecified
[451.8] phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other sites
[997.2] peripheral vascular complications, other
[451.19] phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other
[451.11] phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of femoral vein deep or superficial.
Confounders associated with perioperative spinal infection with an odds ratio of 6.5 – 7.5
Malnutrition
[263.0] Malnutrition of moderate degree
[263.1] Malnutrition of mild degree
2