A Documented Research Report by Bob Wirt and Louisa Madrid
Version 1; Mar 27, 2010
The Marcos Ramírez family can be traced back to the late 1700’s in the Ojinaga, Chihuahua, Mexico area. Some of his descendents immigrated to the United States and several great-grandchildren and great-great-grandchildren lived in the Terlingua area in the early 1900’s.
Marcos Ramírez married Jesús Aguilar. They had six children:
1.
Daughter Juana María Ramírez was baptized in Jesús Nazareno Temple in Ojinaga
November 13, 1794.
2.
Son Pablo José Ramírez was baptized in Jesús Nazareno Temple January 31, 1797.
3.
Daughter María Maximiliana Bártola Ramírez was baptized in Jesús Nazareno Temple
August 24, 1800.
4.
Son Irenéo Ramírez was baptized in Jesús Nazareno Temple in Ojinaga April 27, 1802. He married Dorotéa Lugo May 15, 1823 in Jesús Nazareno Temple. She was the daughter of
José de la Luz Lugo and Maríana Caballero. Irenéo and Dorotéa had two children:
A.
Son Luis Ramírez was born circa 1825. He married Dominga Leyva October 11, 1847 in
Jesús Nazareno Temple. (see below for their family).
B.
Son Juan Ramírez married Guadalupe Contreras November 24, 1859 in Jesús Nazareno
Temple. They had two children:
(1) Daughter Jesús Ramírez was born in 1863 and died the same year. She was buried at Jesús Nazareno Temple on May 2, 1863.
(2) Daughter Praxedis Ramírez was born in 1875. She married Filberto Vásquez in Jesús
Nazareno Temple, Ojinaga on February 1, 1892.
Irenéo Ramírez later married Elena Viscaino circa 1850. She was the daughter of José and
Elena Viscaino. They had one child:
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C.
Son Quirino Ramírez was born in 1854. He married Nemencía Caño September 9, 1874 in Jesús Nazareno Temple. Nemencía was born in Ojinaga in 1859.
Irenéo died in August 1870 and is buried in Presidio del Norte, Chihuahua, Mexico.
5.
Daughter Eusebia Ramírez was born in 1805. She was baptized in Jesús Nazareno Temple
March 7, 1805. She married Antonio González. Eusebia died in February 1876 and was buried in Presidio del Norte, Chihuahua, Mexico on February 4, 1876. Eusebia and Antonio had two children:
A.
Son Gabriel González was born in 1846 in Ojinaga, Mexico. He married Germana Luján on August 10, 1869 in Jesús Nazareno Temple, Ojinaga. She was the daughter of Primo
Luján and Fabiana Medina. Gabriel and Germana had one child:
(1) Daughter Bárbara González was born in 1876. She married Tomás Madrid May 30,
1892 in Jesús Nazareno Temple, Ojinaga.
B.
Son Eulogio Ramírez was born in Ojinaga, Mexico in 1848, He married Hijinia Sartucho in
Jesús Nazareno Temple, Ojinaga February 10, 1868.
6.
Daughter María Teresa Ramírez was baptized in Jesús Nazareno Temple October 15, 1807.
Luis Ramírez married Dominga Leyva October 11, 1847 in Jesús Nazareno Temple, Ojinaga. She was the daughter of Juan Leyva and Micaela Valdez. Luis and his family lived in Ojinaga until 1859, when they moved to Presidio, Texas, where he was working as a farmer. They were still in Presidio in 1870, but by 1880 they had moved to the Fort Stockton area. Luis and Dominga had 11 children:
1.
Son Eduardo Ramírez was born circa 1848 in Mexico. He died in 1867 and was buried June
3, 1867 in Presidio del Norte, Chihuahua, Mexico.
2.
Son Bernabé Ramírez was born in 1849 in Ojinaga, Mexico. He was baptized in Jesús
Nazareno Temple June 17, 1850 and married Longina Acosta November 14, 1870 in the same church. Longina was the daughter of Anastacio Acosta and Refugia Herrera and was born in Ojinaga in 1850. By 1875 Bernabé and Longina had settled in Fort Stockton, Texas where he worked as a farmer. They had four children:
A.
Daughter Regina Ramírez was born in Texas circa 1872 and in 1880 was living in Fort
Stockton with her parents.
B.
Daughter Petra Ramírez was born April 23, 1875 in Fort Stockton and was living there with her parents in 1880. Her husband’s name was González (given name not available).
She lived in El Paso, Texas from 1921 to 1957. Petra died in El Paso of Cerebral
Thrombosis September 11, 1957 and is buried in Evergreen Cemetery, El Paso.
C.
Daughter Alejandra Ramírez was born circa 1877 in Fort Stockton and was living there with her parents in 1880.
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D.
Son Felipe Ramírez was born in Fort Stockton in 1880.
3.
Daughter Luciana Ramírez was born in 1852 in Ojinaga. She was baptized January 19, 1853 in Jesús Nazareno Temple. She married Marcelo Baiza November 28, 1873 in the same church. He was born in Ojinaga in 1853, the son of Candelario Baiza and Filomena Ramos.
In 1880 the couple and their first four children were living in the Fort Stockton area, where
Marcelo was working as a farmer. Luciana and Marcelo had five children:
A.
Rosa Baiza was born in 1874 in Comanche, Texas. She married Tomás Domínguez
October 18, 1890 in Jesús Nazareno Temple, Ojinaga. He was born in 1870, the son of
Francisco Domínguez and Juana Carrillo. Rosa and Tomás lived in the Terlingua area
1900-1910. In 1907 they were godparents of Juliana Chavarría, daughter of Sixto
Chavarría and María Hinojos. Rosa and Tomás had four children:
(1) Son Panteleón Domínguez was born July 27, 1899 and was baptized in Terlingua by
Father Brocardus
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May 20, 1900. His godparents were William Taylor and Francisca
Mores.
(2) Daughter Juana Domínguez was born in 1904 and was baptized in Terlingua by
Father Brocardus February 26, 1905. Her godparents were Lucas Acosta and Aurelia
Hinojos.
(3) Daughter Rita Domínguez was born March 22 1906 and was baptized in Terlingua by
Father Brocardus January 13, 1907. Her godparents were Casiano Gonzales and
Catrina Castro.
(4) Daughter María Domínguez was born June 5, 1910 and was baptized April 29, 1910 in “Castelon, [sic] Terlingua” by Father Brocardus. Her godparents were José David and María Villa.
B.
Son Pablo Baiza was born circa 1876, probably in the Fort Stockton area. He married
None Dodson, daughter of Harve Dodson and Minnie Maude Crumpton. Pablo and son
Adolfo were implicated in the deaths of two García men in 1930. After a trial Adolfo was ruled not guilty, and charges against Pablo eventually were dropped
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. Pablo and None had eight children:
(1) Daughter Francisca Baiza was born March 23, 1906 and was baptized June 13, 1907 in Terlingua by Father Brocardus. Her godparents were Ruperto Chavarría and
Ángela Galindo. She married Manuel García October 19, 1928, probably in
Terlingua
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.The ceremony was led by Father Gregorio Fernández.
(2) Son Adolfo Baiza was born in 1909. He married Epitacia Muñiz August 25, 1925 in the Terlingua area
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. She was the daughter of Juan and Anastacia Muñiz. According to the 1930 census, Adolfo was working as a ranch manager. Adolfo was killed in
Mexico in the 1950’s
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Adolfo and Epitacia had two children: a.
Daughter Juliana Baiza was born circa 1927 in Texas. b.
Daughter Regina Baiza was born circa 1928 in Texas.
(3) Son Carlos Baiza was born circa 1909. He married Ángela García October 19, 1928 in the Terlingua area
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. The wedding was performed by Father Gregorio Fernández and the witnesses were Brígido Holguin and Martina Rodriguez. According to the 1930 census, Carlos was working as a ranch manager. Carlos and Ángela had one child:
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a.
Daughter Agustina Baiza was born in Texas circa 1929.
(4) Daughter Marcela Baiza was born in Texas circa 1910.
(5) Daughter Dolores “Lola” Baiza was born circa 1913 in Texas.
(6) Son Pablo Baiza was born February 7, 1914 in Castolón, Texas. He was baptized in
Chisos, Texas November 19, 1916 by Father Antonio Alonso from St. Agnes Catholic
Church in Terlingua. His godparents were Doroteo and Sabina Aranda.
(7) Daughter Isidora Baiza was born circa 1917. She married Santos Villalba, the son of
Federico Villalba and María Cortez. Isidora and Santos had four children: a.
Son José Villalba was born May 17, 1936 in Brewster County. b.
An unnamed son was born December 11, 1937. He died the same day. c.
Son Jorge Villalba was born May 29, 1949 in Brewster County. d.
Son Santos “Blocker” Villalba, Jr.
4 . His date and place of birth are not available.
(8) Daughter Luciana Baiza was born circa 1923 in Brewster County.
C.
Daughter Braulia Baiza was born in 1878 in Comanche, Texas. She married Felícito
Domínguez in Jesús Nazareno Temple November 6, 1899. Felícito was born in Texas in
1874, the son of Francisco Domínguez and Juana Carrillo. Braulia and Felícito lived in southern Brewster County from 1901 until at least 1916, probably longer. They ranched down river from Castolón, where Felícito purchased Survey 16 of Block 1 (640 acres) from the State of Texas May 20, 1915. A spring on this land is still known as Domínguez
Spring. Braulia and Felícito had seven children:
(1) Daughter Juana Domínguez was born in Texas circa 1900.
(2) Son Julian Domínguez was born in Texas on January 9, 1901 and was baptized in
Terlingua April 21, 1901 by Father Brocardus. His godparents were William and
Francisca Taylor.
(3) Son Domingo Domínguez was born on December 20, 1902 in Texas and was baptized in Terlingua on October 18, 1903 by Father Brocardus. His godparents were Martin
Ramírez and Concepción Sanchez.
(4) Son Manuel Domínguez was born in Texas on April 12, 1905 and was baptized in
Terlingua on September 11, 1905 by Father Brocardus. His godparents were Luis
Baeza and Pomposa Domínguez.
(5) Son Eugenio Domínguez was born in Texas on March 20, 1907. He was baptized in
Terlingua on May 3, 1908 by Father Brocardus. His godparents were Benito Urias and Isidora Chavez.
(6) Daughter Marcela Domínguez was born in Texas on April 9, 1909 and was baptized in Terlingua by Father Brocardus on October 31, 1909. His godparents were Luis
Baeza and Pomposa Domínguez.
(7) Daughter Concepción Domínguez was born in Terlingua December 8, 1910. Her husband’s name was Flores (given name not available) and they lived in Del Rio,
Texas. She died there April 20, 1967 and is buried in San Felipe Cemetery, Del Rio.
D.
Daughter Concepción Baiza was born in 1880. She married Tranquiliano Morales
November 6, 1900 in Jesús Nazareno Temple, Ojinaga. He was born in 1875 in Texas, the son of Juan Morales and Refugia Navarrette. Concepción and Tranquiliano lived in the Terlingua area 1903 to 1918. Between October 1916 and April 1918, he earned income by selling fuel wood to the Study Butte Mining Co. They had five children.
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(1) Daughter María Morales was born April 17, 1903 and was baptized May 17, 1903 in
Terlingua by Father Brocardus. Her godparents were Pedro Sosa and María A.
Terrazas. She married Pablo Ramírez “Chiquito” Chavarría circa 1932. María and
Pablo were cousins, and the marriage was not approved of by many family members. María and Pablo had two children: a.
Daughter Josefa Chavarría was born in Brewster County July 26, 1935. b.
Son Francisco “Frank” Chavarría was born October 4, 1938 in Brewster County.
He married Hortencia Salas, daughter of Eduardo and Margarita Salas. They had seven children.
(aa) Son Frank Chavarría, Jr. In July 2007, he was living in Midland, Texas.
(bb) Son Larry Chavarría. In July 2007, he was living in Imperial, Texas.
(cc) Son Danny Chavarría. In July 2007 he was living in Alpine, Texas.
(dd) Daughter Marissa Chavarría. She married Gilbert Singh. In July 2007, they
were living in Fort Stockton, Texas.
(ee) Daughter Gracie Chavarría, twin of Gabriel. She married Eddie Terrazas. In
July 2007, they were living in Midland, Texas.
(ff) Son Gabriel Chavarría, twin of Gracie. He died in Martin, Texas July 20,
2007.
(gg) Daughter Teresa Chavarría. She married Cipriano Amaro. In July 2007, they
were living in Marfa, Texas.
(2) Son Florentino Morales was born March 14, 1905, probably in the Terlingua area.
He was baptized by Father Brocardus in Terlingua on September 11, 1905. His godparents were Leandro Silvas and María Deanda.
(3) Daughter Teresa Morales was born May 23, 1907, probably in the Terlingua area.
She was baptized September 16, 1907 by Father Brocardus in Terlingua. His godparents were Luis Baeza and Pomposa Domínguez.
(4) Son José Morales was born September 18, 1909, probably in the Terlingua area. He was baptized November 1, 1909 in Terlingua by Father Brocardus. His godparents were Leandro Silvas and María Deanda.
(5) Daughter Adelina Morales was born in Terlingua November 14, 1914. She died
September 19, 1971 in Hall-Bennett Memorial Hospital, Big Spring, Texas. She is buried in Saint Joseph’s Catholic Cemetery, Fort Stockton. Adelina’s married name was Saenz.
E.
Son Candelario Baiza was born circa 1884 in Texas. He married Albina Granado
November 7, 1902 in Jesús Nazareno Temple, Ojinaga. She was the daughter of Balbino
Granado and Francisca Luján. Candelario became a notorious criminal who was feared by most people along the border 2 . Candelario and Albina had four children:
(1) Daughter Catalina Baiza was born February 13, 1904 and was baptized April 30, 1904 in Terlingua by Father Brocardus. Her godparents were Lucas Acosta and Aurelia
Hinojos.
(2) Son Valentín Baiza was born May 21, 1907 and was baptized May 2, 1908 in
Terlingua by Father Brocardus. His godparents were Eduardo Ramírez and Paz
Domínguez.
(3) Daughter María Matías Baiza was born February 24, 1909 and was baptized in
Terlingua by Father Brocardus October 31 1909. Her godparents were Eduardo
Ramírez and Paz Domínguez.
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(4) Son Luis Granado Baiza was born September 7, 1928 in Texas. In 1976, he was living in Fort Stockton, where he was working as a rancher. He died December 26, 1976 in
Fort Stockton of a gunshot wound and was buried in St. Joseph’s Catholic Cemetery,
Fort Stockton.
4.
Daughter Pascuala Ramírez was born in 1860 in Mexico. She married Carlos Acosta on
December 14, 1884 in Jesús Nazareno Temple, Ojinaga. He was the son of Juan José Acosta and Lucia Domínguez and was born in San Carlos, Mexico on November 4, 1847. By early
1900, Carlos and Pascuala had settled in the Terlingua area, very likely in Terlingua de Abajo where his uncle, Vidal Acosta, settled with his family at about the same time. Carlos apparently engaged in a variety of activities to make a living. Between October 1916 and
December 1918 he sold over 49 cords of fuel wood to the Study Butte Mining Company for
$376.90 and in April 1918 he sold 123 cross ties to the same company for $12.30. In
November and December 1924, Carlos received $57.61 for cotton sold to the La Harmonía
Company in Castolón. He was an occasional customer at the La Harmonía Store from
September 1921 to December 1926, but other than the cotton sold in 1924, there is no indication that he worked there or sold produce there. Carlos died on July 19, 1934, possibly of prostatic cancer, and was buried in the Acosta family cemetery (Chapel Hill 2) in
Terlingua de Abajo on the following day. Pascuala was still in Terlingua de Abajo in 1930, but no information is available after that. Carlos and Pascuala had no children, but between
1900 and 1904, they were chosen as godparents for ten local children. All were baptized in
Terlingua.
5.
Daughter Gabina Ramírez was born in 1856 in Ojinaga. She married Espiridon Sanchez in
Jesús Nazareno Temple February 21, 1870. He was born in Ojinaga in 1851, the son of
Valentín Sanchez and Carmen Flores. They had one child:
A.
María Del Carmen Sanchez was born in 1876. She married Pedro Ontiveros in Jesús
Nazareno Temple on February 2, 1896.
6.
Son Juan Climaco Ramírez was born in Mexico circa 1857. In 1870, he was living with his parents in Presidio. He married Petronila Licón and in 1880, they were living in Fort
Stockton. Soon afterward, they moved to San Antonio, Chihuahua, Mexico. They had four children:
A.
Son Juan Climaco Ramírez, Jr. He was married twice. His first wife was Diega Luján and they had one child:
(1) Daughter María Silverta Ramírez was born December 31 st , 1908. She died in
Carlsbad, New Mexico, February 5, 1998. She was married to Andres Carrasco.
Juan Junior’s second wife was Simona Hinojos. They both died in Carlsbad, New Mexico and are buried there. They had eight children:
(1) Son Julian Ramírez.
(2) Son Santiago Ramírez
(3) Son Cecilio Ramírez
(4) Daughter Martina Ramírez. Her married name was Lara.
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(5) Daughter Soledad Ramírez. Her married name was Nabham.
(6) Daughter Epifania Ramírez. She married Zeke Hernandez.
(7) Daughter Dominga Ramírez. She married Lorenzo Martinez.
(8) Daughter Petronila Ramírez. She married Felipe Cortez.
B.
Daughter Tomasita Ramírez.
C.
Daughter Andréa Ramírez.
D.
Daughter Josefina Ramírez.
7.
Daughter Donaciana Ramírez was born May 24, 1859 in Mexico. She married Romaldo
Chavarría (brother of Severiano Chavarría) on July 4, 1877. They lived in Fort Stockton from
1917 to 1941. She died in Fort Stockton August 27, 1941 and is buried there. They had three children.
A.
Daughter Carlota Chavarría married Francisco Hernandez. They lived in the Terlingua area 1907-1910, but were living in Fort Stockton in 1920. They had three children:
(1) Son Alberto Hernandez was born July 12, 1907 and was baptized in Terlingua by
Father Brocardus September 15, 1907. His godparents were Ruperto Chavarría and
Angelita Galindo. He was living with his parents in Fort Stockton in 1920. He died
June 30, 1932 in Fort Stockton and is buried in the Fort Stockton Catholic Cemetery.
(2) Daughter Ignacia Hernandez was born in 1908. She was living with her parents in
Fort Stockton in 1920.
(3) Daughter Serapia Hernandez was born November 14, 1909 and was baptized in
Terlingua on April 24, 1910 by Father Brocardus. Her godparents were Ruperto
Chavarría and Angelita Galindo. She died August 25, 1920 in Fort Stockton of diphtheria and is buried in the Fort Stockton Catholic Cemetery.
B.
Daughter Eulalia Chavarría was born in 1880 in Fort Stockton.
C.
Son Guadalupe Chavarría was born December 12, 1895 in Mexico. He lived in Fort Stockton from 1910 to 1975, where he worked as a ranch laborer. He died of a stroke on December
5, 1974 in Fort Stockton Memorial Hospital. He is buried in Saint Joséph’s Catholic
Cemetery, Fort Stockton.
8.
Daughter Rita Ramírez was born in 1861 in Presidio, Texas. She married Severiano
Chavarría on February 7, 1876 in Fort Stockton. They had 18 children. Severiano brought his family to the Castolón area from Fort Stockton around 1885 and settled at a site that later became known as La Coyota, about two miles west of Castolón. He was the earliest known settler in the area. (See Chavarría Page for family details). Severiano died in 1925 and is buried in the La Coyota Cemetery. Rita died in Fort Stockton February 26, 1941 and is buried there.
9.
Daughter Antonia Ramírez was born circa 1862 in Presidio. She married Carlos Pando. They had one child:
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A.
Son Atilano Pando was born circa 1874. He married Marcelina Chavarría, daughter of
Severiano Chavarría and Rita Ramírez. She was born in Fort Stockton, Texas in 1881. In
1910 they were living in La Coyota, Texas, where Atilano was working as a stockman on a ranch. Atilano and Marcelina had eleven children:
(1) Son José Pando was born in La Coyota May 5, 1903. He was baptized in Terlingua by
Father Brocardus May 17, 1903. His godparents were Felipe Castillo and Luz
Sanchez.
(2) Son Carlos Pando was born in La Coyota November 4, 1904 and was baptized in
Terlingua by Father Brocardus September 11, 1905. His godparents were Ruperto
Chavarría and Ángela Galindo.
(3) Son Alfonso Pando was born in La Coyota January 23, 1906 and was baptized in
Terlingua by Father Brocardus April 21, 1906. His godparents were Ruperto
Chavarría and Angelita Galindo.
(4) Son Secundino Pando was born in La Coyota July 1, 1908. He was baptized in
Terlingua by Father Brocardus September 27, 1908. His godparents were Ruperto
Chavarría and Angelita Galindo.
(5) Son Leonardo Pando was born in Terlingua November 6, 1910. He died in Brewster
County December 22, 1978. He married Lorenza Garza. She died July 11, 1977 in
Brewster County. They had one child: a.
María Isabel G. Pando was born November 2, 1944 in Brewster County.
(6) Son Juan Pando. His date and place of birth are not available.
(7) Daughter Santos Pando. Her date and place of birth are not available.
(8) Daughter Juanita Pando. Her date and place of birth are not available.
(9) Daughter Andrea Pando. Her date and place of birth are not available.
(10) Son Felix Pando. His date and place of birth are not available. He married Benita
Urquides, daughter of Inez Urquides of Alpine. Felix and Benita had four children: a.
Son Felix Pando was born in Alpine February 23, 1940. He died June 4, 1940 in
Alpine of acute respiratory infection and was buried there the following day. b.
Daughter Juanita Pando was born in Alpine May 6, 1941. c.
Son Elivorio Pando was born in Alpine September 19, 1943. He was crippled at age 3 months and never recovered. He died in Midland, Texas June 6, 1968 of pneumonia and is buried in Fairview Cemetery, Midland. d.
Son Felix Pando, Jr. was born in Brewster County February 17, 1947.
(11) Daughter Manuela Pando. Her date and place of birth are not available.
10.
Daughter Francisca Ramírez was born in 1871 in Presidio, Texas. She married Teodoro Villa on February 6, 1886 in Jesús Nazareno Temple in Ojinaga. He was born in 1860 and was the son of Macedonio Villa and Manuela Luján.
11.
Son Eduardo Ramírez was born in 1876. He married María Paz Domínguez in Jesús
Nazareno Temple on November 6, 1899. They lived in the Terlingua area from 1900 to
1909. They had five children:
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A.
Daughter Ricarda Ramírez was born on April 3, 1902 and was baptized in Terlingua on
April 13, 1902 by Father Brocardus. Her godparents were Sixto Chavarría and María
Hinojos.
B.
Son Martin Ramírez was born January 30, 1904 and was baptized April 30, 1904 in
Terlingua by Father Brocardus. His godparents were Sixto Chavarría and María Hinojos.
C.
Daughter Ignacia Ramírez was born on February 1, 1906 in Texas and was baptized on
April 22, 1906 by Father Brocardus in Terlingua. Her godparents were Sixto Chavarría and María Hinojos.
D.
Daughter Balen Ramírez was born on January 26, 1908 and was baptized in Terlingua by
Father Brocardus on May 2, 1908. Her godparents were Benito Urias and Isidora
Chavez.
E.
Son Silvestre Ramírez was born on December 31, 1909, probably in the Terlingua area.
He was baptized April 24, 1910 in Terlingua by Father Brocardus. His godparents were
Antonio Urias and Rosa Taylor.
Notes
1
Father Brocardus was from St. Joséph’s Catholic Church in Fort Davis, Texas.
Between 1899 and 1910 he visited the southern Brewster County area to perform baptisms, marriages, and other religious ceremonies about every six months.
2 A full account of this and related events can be found in Kenneth B. Ragsdale’s Big
Bend Country, Chapter 6.
3
The wedding was recorded in the records of St. Agnes Church in Terlingua, Texas but the site of the event was not given.
4 In his younger years, Santos Jr. was a shoe shine boy in Alpine, and one of his regular customers was Dan Blocker, star of the television program Bonanza. Because of this association, Santos acquired the nickname “Blocker”.
Sources:

Brewster, Pecos and Presidio County Census Records

Marriage, baptism and burial records from Jesús Nazareno Temple in Ojinaga, Chihuahua,
Mexico accessed via the FamilySearch Web Site

Brewster, Presidio, Pecos, Midland, El Paso and Howard County, Texas death records.
 Brewster County birth records
 Brewster County land records
 Baptism records from St. Joséph’s Catholic Church in Fort Davis, copies from Archives of the Big
Bend, Sul Ross State University, Alpine, TX
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
Microfilm copies of records from St. Agnes Catholic Church in Terlingua, held by the Latter Day
Saints Church.
 Louisa Madrid Family Research.
 Kenneth B. Ragsdale’s Big Bend Country Land of the Unexpected, Texas A&M University Press,
College Station, TX
 Personal testimony to the author.
Copyright  2010 by Bob Wirt and Louisa Madrid; all rights reserved.
This work may not be copied or used in whole or part without the written consent of the authors.
Published in Familias de Terlingua by permission from the authors.
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