Information Brochure
(as presented to the EBVS AGM in April 2009)
Chapter 1
Introduction
Zoological medicine, the state of the art medical treatment and care of zoological species,
other than the traditional domestic animals, is a distinct specialized field of veterinary
medicine, which is sub-divided into specialties according to the taxonomical group or
discipline in which the specialist is acknowledged. The European College of Zoological
Medicine (ECZM) is an umbrella organization which aims to include veterinary medicine of
animal species other than the traditional domestic species.
The ECZM evolved from the European College of Avian Medicine and Surgery (ECAMS),
which was founded in August 1993. ECAMS was founded according to the guidelines laid
down in the Report and Recommendations on the Transnational Organisation of Veterinary
Specialisation (III/F/5385/5/91), which was adopted by the Advisory Committee on
Veterinary Training of the European Commission at its meeting on 12th February 1992.
The ECAMS was an initiative of the European Committee of the Association of Avian
Veterinarians, which in turn resulted from initiatives in the late eighties/early nineties in
Europe and other non-European countries (i.e. USA, Australia, Israel) in response to a
growing demand for better avian medical and surgical services for birds through
specialization, and a need to harmonize certification in this area.
As a reaction to requests from the veterinary field directed at the European Board of
Veterinary Specialisation (EBVS) to develop specialties in fields of zoological medicine
other than the avian field, negotiations were initiated between representatives from EBVS,
ECAMS and the European Association of Zoo Veterinarians (EAZV) and other interested
parties. The need for specialization in various taxonomical fields was recognized to safeguard
future developments in zoological medicine, as well as to increase the publics’ recognition of
this field of veterinary medicine. Finally ECAMS took the initiative, seeking permission of
EBVS, to change its name to the ECZM, then forming a series of taxonomic and discipline
Specialities, within the umbrella organisation of ECZM. Approval for this concept was
agreed in principle by EBVS at their AGM in April 2008. In principal EBVS judged this to
be a good idea and based on this EBVS judgement an official decision was made at the 2008
Annual General Meeting of ECAMS to broaden the scope of the college to include other
taxonomic groups of animals and change the name of the College into European College of
Zoological Medicine.
Within the broader field of zoological medicine taxon and discipline related specialties are
possible. Taxon related specialties are clinically oriented and involve various medical and
surgical disciplines and various body systems within the different zoological taxons. An
example of a discipline related specialty is wildlife and conservation medicine.
The primary objectives of the College are to advance zoological medicine in Europe and
increase the competency of those who practice in this field. Further aims are to make the
public aware of the ability of specialists in zoological medicine and the benefits of involving
members of this college in all national and international issues relating to health, welfare,
biosecurity and training, as they relate to zoological care, management, and medicine.
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This information Brochure contains information about requirements for admission to the
College, a profile of the specialties, and application and examination procedures.
Diplomates in avian medicine and surgery work primarily as clinicians who are concerned
with all aspects of diagnosis and management of diseases of birds other than poultry (i.e.
companion birds, ornamental birds, zoo birds, racing pigeons, birds kept for falconry, wild
birds, ratites). The avian specialty received full recognition by EBVS in 1995.
The specialty herpetological medicine includes clinical aspects of reptiles and amphibians.
The specialty small mammals has an emphasis on the clinical aspects of rodents, rabbits and
ferrets kept as pets, but also includes other non conventional small mammals.
The specialty fish includes the veterinary aspects of fish.
All clinical specialists in Zoological Medicine shall have a working knowledge of the related
disciplines diagnostic imaging, anaesthesiology, clinical pathology, and pathology.
The speciality of Wildlife and Conservation Medicine has an emphasis on ecosystem health
as well as fish and wildlife population medicine including disease prevention, surveillance,
outbreak investigation and epidemiology.
European College of Zoological Medicine (Wildlife and Conservation Medicine)
Wildlife and Conservation Medicine is a discipline-related speciality whereas many of the
objectives of the speciality are shared with the taxon-related specialities it must be recognised
that there is significantly less emphasis on clinical medicine and the objectives are modified
to reflect this difference.
The primary objectives of the College are to advance zoological medicine in Europe and
increase the competency of those who practice in these fields by:
a)
Establishing guidelines for post-graduate education and experience prerequisite to
become a specialist in the specialities of zoological medicine.
b)
Examining and authenticating veterinarians as specialists in the above specialties to
serve wildlife populations (at local, national and international levels), and therefore
society by providing specialist veterinary expertise.
c)
Encouraging research and other contributions to knowledge relating to the relevant
specialties of zoological medicine and promoting communication and dissemination
of this knowledge.
The specialist in Wildlife and Conservation Medicine will function in academic and research
institutions, non-governmental organisations, industry, specialist practice or within
government.
In order to achieve these aims, the Executive Committee of the ECZM is guided by the
following criteria:
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a) A registered specialist shall spend at least 50% (i.e. > 20 hours/week) of the time
working at the specialist level in the relevant specialty of zoological medicine.
b) The training programme should be at least equivalent to those developed elsewhere
(e.g. North America), thus enabling recognition of the training programme and
specialist registration in other countries
c) The registration ceases by default when the specialty has not been practiced for two
continuous years or the equivalent of two years during a period of 5 years
d) The College is a non-profit organization and does not pursue commercial interests.
e) Financial means of the College may only be spent according to the Constitution.
f) Members of the College receive no payment from the funds of the College, except
reimbursements.
g) Nobody may be favoured by expenditures or excessively high compensations, which
are not according to the purposes of the College.
h) Further objectives are:
i) Encouraging the public, organisations and governments to use veterinary practitioners
who are qualified to fill a unique and specific role in the delivery of modern
comprehensive service in the relevant specialty area of zoological medicine at the
specialty level.
j) Positioning the specialist in one of the specialties of zoological medicine as a
common source for referrals in the veterinary and conservation community.
k) Improving and promoting the structure of health care for animals, thereby improving
its perception and understanding by conservationists, scientists, governments and the
public .
l) Providing an incentive and reward for achieving postgraduate education and
experience in a specialty of zoological medicine at the specialist level. The title
European Veterinary Specialist in Zoological Medicine (Wildlife & Conservation
Medicine) should be restricted to those persons working in the field who have reached
the highest level of achievement.
m) Encouraging interested veterinary colleges to establish in-depth instruction and high
standards for training in wildlife and conservation medicine and develop specific
funding for areas of needed research.
n) Promoting continued improvement of standards and knowledge in zoological
medicine through continuing education and self-assessment.
o) Supporting the preservation of animal species and their habitats by promulgating the
concept of wise use of animal resources and the breeding of endangered species in
captivity.
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p) Encouraging responsible management, care and propagation of all animal species
both in captivity and the wild.
q) Preventing the occurrence of zoonotic and allergic diseases in humans originating
from zoological species.
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
of this information brochure describes the requirements for admission to the
College.
provides an outline of the objectives and training programme for Specialists in
Zoological Medicine, by which a profile of the specialty is indicated.
deals with the application procedure, and
is dedicated to the qualifying examination.
Chapter 2
Requirements for admission
The constitution of the European College of Zoological Medicine (ECZM) Wildlife and
Conservation Speciality has established the following requirements for active membership
status. The applicant should:
1.
have graduated from an European Association of Establishments for Veterinary
Education (EAEVA)-approved veterinary school. The Credentials Committee may
excuse this requirement upon request.
2.
have a satisfactory moral and ethical standing in the profession. Evidence of
professional or legal misconduct, such as misrepresentation or committed felony, may
be reason for disqualification.
3.
have devoted at least one year in general veterinary practice and three years, by the
application deadline, to a pre-approved special education, training, and practice in
wildlife and conservation medicine after the date of graduation from veterinary
school.
Three-year postgraduate training programme under supervision of Diplomates of the
Wildlife and Conservation Medicine Speciality of ECZM or its equivalent, as defined
by the relevant specialty Education and Residency Committee of ECZM. The period
is designed to educate the resident primarily in the art and science of wildlife and
conservation medicine.
Alternatively the candidate must have followed a pre-approved alternative
programme, with one year in general veterinary practice and six years or its equivalent
in the wildlife and conservation specialty of zoological medicine, with a minimum of
50 percent of the applicants time directly involved in the speciality. This five year
period can include study for a Masters Degree or PhD in a suitable discipline which
has been approved by the credentials committee.
The alternative route is intended for veterinarians, for whom, moving to another
country, or for whom, for other reasons a standard residency is impossible. If an
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alternative residency is proposed, a programme must be suggested which is
appropriate for the resident, such that they achieve the required standard by the time
of completion. The programme will be considered by the Education and Residency
Committee. An alternative residency is most likely of longer duration compared to a
standard residency and certainly not shorter. The alternative training residency must,
at the discretion of the Education and Residency Committee, be equivalent to a
standard residency. An alternative residency, as with any other, must be approved
prior to commencement.
Alternatively those who meet all the requirements previously required for 'de facto
specialist status' (Article 5.2c), who set up and run an Approved Residency
Programme, following their successful supervision (i.e. the resident’s credentials are
accepted for examination) may take the Dip. ECZM Wildlife and Conservation
Medicine examination together with their candidates.
4.
-
-
5.
Have made a significant contribution to their respective specialty field, as represented
by publications and demonstrated by a high standard of proficiency in the specialty. In
keeping with the constitutional objectives of the ECZM each applicant must
demonstrate continuing willingness to contribute to the literature. The minimum
requirement for admission is:
Two (2) original peer reviewed papers in a well established internationally refereed
scientific journal (i.e. mentioned in the Science Citation Index or in the reading list
[see Appendix]). Of one (1) of these papers the applicant must be the principal author;
of the second the applicant is not necessarily the principal author.
Furthermore each Diplomate of the ECZM is expected to present a scientific paper or
case report at least once every three years at the scientific meetings of the ECZM.
Have successfully passed the examination by the College and certification by the
Executive Committee of the College.
Chapter 3
European College of Zoological Medicine (Wildlife and Conservation) RESIDENCY
Programme.
The Residency Programme will focus on Wildlife and Conservation and prepare the
Resident for examination in that discipline.
I.
Definition: A Wildlife and Conservation Medicine Residency Programme, is a
training programme allowing a graduate veterinarian ("Resident") to acquire in-depth
knowledge of wildlife and conservation medicine and its supporting disciplines, as
well as the execution of a research project, all under the supervision and guidance of a
Diplomate of the Wildlife and Conservation specialty of the European College of
Zoological Medicine. (Or a Diplomate of another speciality of the European College
of Zoological Medicine, as approved by the ECZM specialty Credentials Committee).
IIa.
General objectives of the Training Programme:
A.
To promote aptitude and proficiency in ecosystem health and population
medicine in wildlife species both in-situ and ex-situ.
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B.
To instruct the Resident in the science and practice of wildlife ad conservation
medicine and its supporting disciplines; in particular, epidemiology and
preventive medicine.
C.
To provide the Resident with the opportunity to pursue career goals in
teaching, research, service, and/or specialty practice.
IIb.
Detailed objectives of the Zoological Medicine Training Programme.
A.
Knowledge and skills concerning professional contacts and transfer of
knowledge.
The specialists should be able to:
- express thoughts clearly, in oral as well in written form in the English
language
- approach problems in an analytic, scientific way to find solutions and be able
to assign priorities for these
- organize work efficiently
- make effective use of the available literature and find required information
quickly
- develop scientific activities in order to contribute to the quality of the specialty
B.
General knowledge and skills concerning the specialty.
The specialist shall:
- be able to assess the significance of health matters for groups of wild animals ,
under the specific conditions under which they are held and the consequences
for the population, ecosystem, human health and economy.
- be acquainted with the main current theories, principles and problems of the
specialty
- maintain up to date knowledge through congresses and literature
- be acquainted with the structures, objectives, approaches and problems of the
veterinary profession and specifically with regard to the specialty
- be acquainted with the societal role of the specialty
- conform to modern standards of skills and methodologies
C.
Knowledge and skills concerned with obtaining help for problems that lie outside
the specialty and/or facilities.
The specialist shall:
- keep abreast of new developments in their specialty and become familiar with
new methods, before applying these in practice
- understand the limitations of their specialty
- understand the possibilities that other specialities have to offer
- be familiar with the potential of multidisciplinary co-operation.
D.
Knowledge and skills concerned with working as a professional specialist
A specialist should have extensive practical experience within the specialty. Through
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experience the specialist should have developed the self-confidence, self criticism and
sense of responsibility that are essential for the practice of the specialty.
E. Knowledge and skills concerned with the general practice of wildlife and
conservation medicine.
- Recognise, investigate and resolve issues as they occur in animal and
human populations and the environment as related to the speciality
- Perform procedures and investigations according to the principles of
good veterinary practice.
- Cooperate with specialists and colleagues in other clinical and related
disciplines to the benefit of human and animal health and welfare
- Contribute to the development and application of concepts and
methods in wildlife and conservation medicine.
F.
Specific knowledge and skills with regard to practising any of the specialties of
Zoological Medicine.
Areas and level of knowledge
- Any Zoological specialist should have a broad knowledge of the principles
outlined below and have ready access through an up to date personal library to
specific details of the following.
- the taxonomy and the geographical distribution of free-ranging wildlife species
with emphasis on those species found in the wild in the country which the
residency is being undertaken.
- An understanding of the natural history of the above groups, particularly in
regard to their feeding habits and nutritional requirements.
- A basic knowledge of general anatomy, physiology and immunology, relating
to their specialty is expected. The specialist should be aware of important
variations between the different families of animals as relevant to their
specialty.
- The candidate must be able to assess diets, understand the formulation of diets
for animals and be aware of the current trends in animal nutrition. Have a
sound knowledge of the interaction of nutrition and health. A zoological
specialist should be familiar with the various aspects of captive care,
husbandry, and management, including natural and artificial propagation
including neonate and developmental care. Genetic principles and their
application in his or her specialty must be understood by the candidate.
- A detailed knowledge of the diseases of the relevant animal of the relevant
class (aetiology, epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment and control) is
required. It is not sufficient to know the pathogens responsible for disease but
it is also important to have knowledge of which types of disease occur more
commonly in various groups of animals. Zoological specialists need to know
the gross pathology of each disease but will realize that a specific diagnosis
can only be confirmed by using appropriate laboratory techniques.
- Zoological specialists must be familiar with common toxins, environmental
contaminants and pollutants which are most likely to affect various groups of
wild animals. They must know the clinical signs these toxic materials produce
and be familiar with the differential diagnosis. Zoological specialists will need
to know which body tissues and specimens are required by a laboratory for the
identification of the contaminant or poison. It is important that the clinician is
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-
-
-
-
adept at gathering information and evidence in cases of poisoning.
A detailed knowledge of the diagnostic possibilities in their respective
patients, in relation to medicine and the ability to interpret results of these
techniques is expected. Zoological specialists must have sound knowledge of
the principles of individual and flock/group medication in their respective
patients. This includes knowledge of the pharmacokinetics and the
bioavailability of drugs which are suitable for treatment and also the various
methods of administration.
The zoological specialist must be acquainted with the societal role and the
responsibilities of the specialist with regard to his or her colleagues, public
health and environmental issues, wild animals together with their habitats and
the environment also to be able to express and support views on current issues
relevant to this field of knowledge.
It is necessary to have a general knowledge of the legislation affecting their
respective field and to have a detailed knowledge of the legislation relating to
the role of the veterinary practitioner in the field (e.g. CITES, legislation with
regard to import and export of animals, animal welfare, legislation on hunting
and capture from the wild, the use of drugs and immunobiologicals).
Theoretical knowledge should be to the level of current textbooks (see
Appendix A). Furthermore, it is essential to be aware of the relevant scientific
literature published over the previous eight years in representative journals
(see Appendix A).
Technical experience
- The zoological specialist should have had extensive practical experience with
a wide variety of species relevant to their specialty (i.e. companion,
ornamental, zoo and conservation, sporting, free-living and research animals).
- The zoological specialist must be competent in the various skills associated
with the field including history taking, catching and handling wild animals,
and clinical examination of individual, group, captive, free-living animals for
assessment of health, clinical pathology sample collection, vaccination and
medication methods and in addition anaesthetic and surgical procedures.
III.
Training programme description: A zoological medicine residency programme
("Programme") shall consist of a period of three (3) years of supervised training,
postgraduate education, and clinical experience in the science and practice of the
specialty within the field of zoological medicine and its supporting disciplines under
the supervision of at least one (1) Diplomate who participates actively in that
programme or its equivalent, as defined by the Credentials Committee of the specialty
within the ECZM. The Residency programme will major on the Wildlife and
Conservation Specialty and be supervised by a Diplomate of that specialty.
A.
Prerequisite: prospective Residents will be required to have undertaken broad
training and experience in clinical veterinary medicine and surgery and their
supporting disciplines, which must be attained by participation in an internship
of 12 months duration or 1 year in general practice, or completion of Masters
degree in a relevant discipline as approved by the specialty Credentials
Committee of ECZM. The completion of coursework on the principles of
epidemiology and biostatistics would be highly desirable.
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(2)
Criteria for the credentials committee to evaluate whether an internship is at a
good quality practice. This practice should be a place where:
2 or more vets work
On going training is required
Qualified veterinary nurses or technicians are employed
An in house laboratory exists which must include at least, a good
quality microscope, cytology stains, equipment for faecal analysis
Radiography and ultrasonography
Abdominal surgery is performed on cats and dogs on at least 5 days a
week
Orthopaedic surgery is performed at least monthly
Gaseous anaesthesia is mandatory
Correct sterile operating techniques and standards are employed
Hospitalisation facilities are available (including over night) for in
patients
Fluid therapy should be used as a routine
Where modern standards of analgesia and antibiosis are employed
B.
Graduate degree studies: graduate degree studies may be included in the
Programme, or substitute for the clinical experience;
C.
Continuing education programmes: continuing education programmes as
the sole method of training will not meet the requirements of certification as a
Diplomate.
D.
Participation of Diplomates of the European College of Zoological Medicine
in the respective specialty Residency Programmes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
E.
Each Programme, must be supervised by at least one (1) Diplomate.
One Diplomate may train up to three (3) residents concurrently.
Director of the Residency Programme ("Programme Director"): the
Programme Director shall be responsible for the administration and
continuity of the Programme and the Programme Director must be a
Diplomate.
Daily supervision is required, although it does permit the intermittent
absence of the supervising Diplomate or the resident for vacations,
meetings, days off, etc. Supervision must include consultations, case
discussions, and case or project management with actual cases. Daily
supervision is not necessarily performed by the Programme Director –
it may be performed by an ECZM Diplomate after instructions from
the Programme Director. Other faculty in direct support of their
programme and their credentials should be supplied with information
concerning the extent of their supervision.
Evaluation of the Resident: Residents must meet with the Programme Director
at least twice yearly for evaluation of performance and progress. When the
resident has multiple supervisors, this meeting should be preceded by a
meeting among the supervisors.
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F.
IV.
Application for certification as a Diplomate: Following completion of the
Programme, the Resident may submit an application to the Credentials
Committee to determine eligibility for certification as a Diplomate by
examination.
Specific Programme Description
At least 50% of the 3 year programme must be spent on Wildlife and Conservation Medicine
focusing on population and ecosystem health (and not clinical treatment of captive zoological
species) under the direction of an ECZM Diplomate. The programme is divided into five
training elements. These may be undertaken at a single institution or may require time to be
spent in a partner institution, either route requires direct supervision from a Diplomate in
Wildlife and Conservation Medicine or equivalent approved by the Education Committee.
A. Clinical Wildlife Medicine
1. Have a comprehensive knowledge of wild fish, amphibian, reptile, avian and
mammalian anatomy, physiology, pharmacology and immunology.
2. Know the techniques and equipment used to physically restrain wild animals, and to
be able to perform physical restraint of wild reptiles, birds and mammals.
3. Know the principles of remote drug delivery devices, field anaesthesia techniques and
pharmaceuticals.
4. Know the wildlife trapping methods, equipment and how to perform live capture of
wildlife.
5. Be able to perform and interpret diagnostic procedures such as haematology,
radiography and endoscopy of wild reptiles, birds and mammals.
6. Perform both inhalation, and injectable anaesthesia on wild reptiles, birds and
mammals, including appropriate anaesthetic monitoring.
7. Understand the medical and ethical issues regarding the treatment, rehabilitation and
conservation of wildlife.
8. Be able to respond to wildlife health emergencies of differing kinds.
9. Know the humane methods of euthanasia used in wildlife species.
B. Wildlife Pathology and Disease Investigation
1. Understand aetiology, epidemiology, diagnosis and control of infectious and noninfectious diseases of wildlife populations, either monofactorial or multifactorial in
nature.
2. Be able to undertake a disease outbreak investigation in wild populations of either
individuals or groups of animals, understand the different approaches required and the
techniques used for differing scenarios.
3. Be able to perform gross necropsies on wild fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and
mammals, and recognize the important lesions, and interpret gross findings.
4. Be able to undertake additional laboratory diagnostics including basic cytology and
histology.
5. Understand the appropriate use of diagnostic testing including ELISA, PCR, serology
and other tests. Understand the limitations of these tests, be able to interpret them and
advise on appropriate use of diagnostic tests to detect infectious agents, and diagnose
wildlife disease.
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C. Wildlife Disease Surveillance and Preventative Medicine
1. Be able to design a preventive medicine program for a captive wildlife facility,
rehabilitation facility, a translocation project and a re-introduction project.
2. Understand and implement the international guidelines relating to conservation
interventions in a pragmatic and cost effective manner.
3. Understand and advise on the health components of sustainable use of wildlife
including hunting and fishing with particular emphasis on zoonotic and foodborne
risks to humans.
4. Be able to design a biosecurity programme for livestock keepers using knowledge of
wildlife ecology and disease to reduce the risks for disease transmission between
livestock and wildlife.
5. Be able to design appropriate and proportionate scanning (passive) and targeted
(active) surveillance programmes for wildlife diseases.
6. Understand the role of wildlife in the epidemiology of new and emerging or reemerging diseases, understand the differences between detection of these diseases and
endemic wildlife diseases and be able to design suitable methods to detect these
diseases.
7. Understand the different methodologies possible for disease monitoring at a local,
national and international level including structures and organisations in place to
achieve there aims.
8. Understand the potential role of wildlife in disease outbreaks particularly of
notifiable, exotic and zoonotic disease, be able to provide advice and
recommendations to policy makers and contribute to contingency planning.
9. Have functional knowledge of the more common database systems and other
technologies used in disease surveillance such as Access, SQL server, etc.
10. Understand the application of Geographic Information Systems with regard to wildlife
disease surveillance, control and prevention.
D. Wildlife Population Medicine and Ecosystem Health
1. Understand wildlife management techniques relevant to population health
management particularly in relation to disease control techniques.
2. Know the concepts, principles and application of epidemiology that apply to wildlife
disease management.
3. Understand the ecological context of health and the role wildlife veterinarians play
including disease transmission at the livestock/wildlife/human interface.
4. Be able to conduct a qualitative risk analysis (risk identification, risk assessment, risk
management and risk communication) of wildlife diseases. Understand the concepts
of quantitative risk assessment.
5. Understand the population dynamics of infections and intoxications and how health
can impact on population growth or reduction including familiarity with disease
modelling techniques.
E. Wildlife and Conservation Medicine Research and Academic Studies.
1. Understand how to design research projects both in the laboratory and field situations
2. Understand, interpret and conduct basic biostatistical techniques as they related to the
discipline.
3. Know how to appropriately collect and process data, recognising its limitations and
quality. Be able to interpret data accurately.
4. Undertake a research project which constitutes 20% of the resident time over the three
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year period. Write and publish peer reviewed articles. The resident will be required to
submit two case reports and one original research paper to peer-reviewed journals
prior to completion of the residency.
5. Attendance of at least two national or international Wildlife and Conservation
medicine conferences, with active participation in wet labs is required during the
residency period.
6. Formal coursework on the principles of epidemiology, biostatistics and other related
disciplines.
V. Performance Monitoring of Resident
The performance of the resident is formally monitored by the Education Committee on a sixmonthly basis. Each of the five training elements are assessed although it is accepted that due
to the structure of residency programmes not all elements will be assessed on every occasion.
A. Clinical Wildlife Medicine
- Resident Clinical Wildlife medicine Log detailing wildlife captures, anaesthetic
procedures and medical interventions shall be maintained. The log should detail whether
the resident was the primary veterinarian or assisting a senior colleague.
B. Wildlife Pathology and Disease Investigation
- Resident Pathology and Disease Investigation Log which should contain signalment,
date, investigation undertaken, post mortem diagnosis and relevant preventive and control
measures applied shall be maintained. The log should detail if the resident was the
primary investigator or the level of supervision provided.
C. Wildlife Disease Surveillance and Preventative Medicine and Wildlife Population
Medicine and Ecosystem Health
- Resident Case Book which contains summaries of work undertaken during the two
training elements shall be maintained. Two case reports (~1,000 words per report)
should be submitted every six months.
D. Wildlife and Conservation Medicine Research and Academic Studies
- Resident Continuing Education Log listing conferences, seminars and lectures attended
must be maintained.
- Resident Presentation Log listing presentations given at zoological medical conferences
and other professional meetings must be maintained by the Resident.
The resident is responsible for maintaining the above Resident Logs and Case Book. The
resident is responsible for submission of the 6 monthly evaluation materials of the following
on 1st January and 1st July each year.
Clinical Wildlife Medicine Log
Pathology and Disease Investigation Log
Case Reports
The Resident Continuing Education Log
The Resident Presentations Log
The resident will prepare an annual evaluation of the Residency and submit it to the Chair of
their respective specialty Education and Residency Committee, using the standard evaluation
form as posted on the College web site.
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A copy of 'verification and authentication' of the above logs by the Programme Director must
be made available to the Executive Secretary by the Programme Director.
Research and publications:
1.
Research project: the Resident must complete an investigative project
that contributes to the advancement of veterinary medicine relevant to
their specialty.
2.
-
Publications:
Three (3) original peer-reviewed scientific papers in a well established
internationally refereed scientific journal (i.e. mentioned in the Science
Citation Index or in the reading list [see Appendix]), relevant to their
own specialty. Of one (1) of these papers the applicant must be the
principal author; of the second the applicant is not necessarily the
principal author.
Seminar and teaching responsibilities:
VI.
1.
Definition of seminar: a scientific presentation which is followed by a
discussion period.
2.
Seminar requirement: the Resident must present a minimum of 2
one-hour seminars per year in a formal setting with an attendance of
other veterinarians.
3.
Zoological medicine residents conference presentations: the
Resident must regularly present at zoological medicine residents
conferences.
Documentation and verification of the zoological medicine residency programme
The Programme Director, Resident and the European College of Zoological Medicine
have responsibilities for documentation and verification of satisfactory training for
each resident.
A.
The Programme Director is responsible for:
1.
Verification of pre-residency training, and presence of suitable
facilities, equipment, and supplies prior to Programme initiation.
2.
The Residency Training Programme and facilities shall be approved
(by the specialty Education and Residency Committee) and may be
inspected prior to the start of any Residency Programme.
3.
Two or more Diplomates (as appointed by the specialty Education and
Residency Committee), of which one is preferably from the same
country as the Residency site, may visit the Residency facility to
observe procedures, equipment, records, etc. A standard verification
form will be used for these inspections (See Appendix E). The
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4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
B.
C.
Residency Institution is obliged to pay the anticipated costs of
inspection at the time of booking the inspection.
At the discretion of the specialty Education and Residency Committee,
further inspections may be carried out in the following situations:
a. If the Programme Director changes
b. If the Residency changes site
c. Ten years after initial approval or previous inspection (or at any 10
years thereafter)
d. If any two successive Residents do not pass, or fail to present
themselves for examination.
The Programme Director must ensure that candidates satisfy minimum
entry requirements (see IIIA), including the provision of:
- curriculum vitae
- evidence of qualification as a veterinary practitioner
- evidence that the applicant has completed the first part of the
training programme
Distribution of the documentation and verification forms to each
resident annually.
Submission of copies of the verified pre-residency training to the
specialty Credentials Committee. An outline of the programme and
facilities are submitted for approval to the specialty Education and
Residency Committee, before the Resident begins the proposed
programme.
Verification of semi-annual progress and performance evaluations
Verification of the documents required for resident performance
monitoring
The Resident is responsible for:
1.
Maintenance of the logs and case reports required for performance
monitoring.
2.
Documentation of training in each training element Providing an
annually-updated curriculum vitae to the Programme Director.
3.
Submission of copies of the verified materials required for
performance monitoring to the Chair of the relevant specialty
Education and Residency Committee of the European College of
Zoological Medicine on 1st January and 1st July each year.
4.
Candidates participating in an ECZM approved Residency Programme
must still apply for approval of their credentials by their specialty
Credentials Committee, prior to applying to the Secretary of ECZM by
Jan 1st, for permission to sit the examination that calendar year.
5.
Annual Residency Assessment by the resident, utilising the standard
evaluation form as located on the web site.
The specialty Education and Residency Committee of the European College of
Zoological Medicine is responsible for evaluation of Programmes and
Programme Directors and for monitoring of each Resident's progress through
the receipt of regular reports and communication of deficiencies to the
Resident, and Programme Directors.
14
VII.
Facilities, services, and equipment required in a European College of Zoological
Medicine-approved Residency Programme.
A.
Medical library: a library containing recent textbooks and current journals relating the
respective specialty and its supporting disciplines must be immediately accessible to
the Programme participants (working collection).
B.
Access to appropriate computer hardware, software and other information technology
as needed.
C.
Pathology services must be available during the Pathology and Disease Investigation
training element
1.
Clinical pathology: a clinical pathology laboratory for haematology, clinical
chemistry, microbiology, and cytological diagnosis must be available. Clinical
pathology reports must be retained and retrievable.
2.
D.
Morphologic pathology: a separate room for gross pathologic examination
must be available. Facilities for histopathological examination of necropsy
tissues must be available. Anatomic pathology reports must be retained and
retrievable.
Medical and surgical facilities must be available during the Clinical Wildlife
Medicine training element.
1.
Clinical examination rooms: the examination rooms must be designed,
constructed, used, and maintained consistent with the current concepts of
practice. They must be sufficient in number and size to accommodate the case
load.
2.
Medical records: a complete medical record must be maintained for each
individual case and rapid retrieval of information about any patient or
flock/group should be possible.
3.
Treatment areas: Areas for intensive care, special procedures, isolation, and
good nursing must be available. Consideration to biosecurity and control of
pathogen spread between patients is advisory.
4.
Operating room: the operating rooms must be designed, constructed, used and
maintained consistent with current concepts of veterinary surgery. The surgery
room(s) must be sized adequately for the patient, staff, and associated
equipment.
5.
Radiographic services: separate rooms and appropriate equipment for
comprehensive diagnostic imaging and darkroom processing must be
available. A 33 MA 125 KVP radiographic machine is a minimum for
adequate examination.
6.
Anaesthetic and critical care equipment: appropriate anaesthetic and critical
care equipment must be available. An isoflurane vaporizer with and adequate
scavenging system is mandatory. Routine monitoring of surgical patients with
15
respiratory or cardiac monitors is required.
7.
Surgical instrumentation: a full complement of general instrumentation for
diagnostic and surgical procedures must be available.
8.
Photography: photographic equipment for the documentation of disease must
be available.
9.
Sterilization: steam and heat sterilization of surgical instrumentation and
supplies must be available,
Chapter 4
Application procedure for the qualifying examination
Applicants must submit their completed (– i.e. all publications which have been at least
accepted for publication and other requirements met) credentials to the Executive Secretary
before January 1 of the year of anticipated examination. The ‘period of the training
programme’ must be completed at least 2 months before the anticipated examination date, in
order for examination of the candidate to be permitted in that calendar year. Late or
incomplete applications will not be considered. The dates of examination will be posted on
the website at least one year in advance.
All candidates must submit the standard application form of the College (Appendix D)
together with other required documents together with the Application Fee (see Appendix F).
The relevant specialty Credentials Committee must verify the successful completion of a
standard residency or alternative training programme.
If the specialty Credentials Committee is satisfied with the Examination application, the
candidate will be notified by the chairperson of that Credentials Committee and should then
submit a completed examination application form (Appendix D), together with the
Examination Fee (see Appendix F), by March 1st.
The responsibility for accuracy and availability of all required credentials rests with the
applicant. The following materials must be submitted:
1.
Complete Application Form (4 Copies) - available at Appendix D
2.
Curriculum Vitae (4 Copies) - Attach one copy of the curriculum vitae to each
copy of the completed application form. The curriculum vitae should follow the
following format:
MODEL CURRICULUM VITAE
FULL NAME
ADDRESS
DATE OF BIRTH
EDUCATION
COLLEGES
DATES
DEGREES
16
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
MEMBERSHIP OF WHICH SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZATIONS
HONOURS
PROFESSIONAL
PUBLIC SERVICE
OFFICE HELD
PROFESSIONAL
PUBLIC SERVICE
PROFESSIONAL PRESENTATIONS
PUBLISHED PEER REVIEWED RELEVANT SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS
3. There must be (a) letter(s) from the Programme Director and Supervisor(s) of each
institution involved in the zoological medicine training programme. All letters must
be from persons familiar with the candidate's postgraduate zoological medical training
programme and mailed directly to the Executive Secretary by the referee. Requests by
the applicant for reference letters should be made early so as to assure that these
letters are received by the Executive Secretary on or before the application deadline
(October 1). It is the applicant's responsibility to see that all letters are sent to the
Executive Secretary on time. The specialty Credentials Committee is responsible for
absolute discretion and confidentiality regarding the reference letter(s). After approval
of the candidate to sit the examination the reference letter(s) will be destroyed.
Reference letters must document the following:
a.
Verification of the specialty zoological medicine training
programme and level of supervision.
b.. The applicant's proficiency, judgement, and competence as a
specialty Zoological clinician/academic and readiness to sit the
examination.
c.
The commitment of the applicant to the constitutional objectives of
the ECZM.
d.. The moral and ethical standing of the applicant within the veterinary
profession.
4. Documentation Forms (4 Copies): The following completed and verified forms must
accompany the application:
a. Medicine and surgery Case Log
b. Pathology and Disease Investigation log
b. Activity Log
5. Publications (4 Copies) - See Requirements for Admission.
a. At least three (3) original peer reviewed original papers in a well established
internationally refereed scientific journal (i.e. mentioned in the Science
Citation Index). Of one (1) of these papers the applicant must be the principal
author; of the second the applicant is not necessarily the principal author.
6. Previous correspondence relating to the training programme and application.
7. Application fee:
a. The application will not be evaluated or processed without the credentialing
17
b.
c.
fee (see Appendix F) being paid in full.
The application fee is not refundable
If any portion of the application has to be resubmitted the entire fee will be
reassessed.
The application materials must be divided and arranged in the sequence listed, then
indexed and bound in folders to prevent loss and to facilitate review. The
applicant's name should be on the front of each folder.
If the credentials are accepted by the specialty Credentials Committee and
approved by the ECZM Executive Committee, the applicant will be notified by the
Executive Secretary in early January. The Chair of the specialty Examination
Committee will notify successful applicants of the dates and procedure of
examination.
Unsuccessful applicants will be notified at the same time by a letter explaining the
deficiencies in credentials. A subsequent reapplication must include resubmission
of those credentials found deficient and a new application form (4 Copies), an
updated curriculum vita (4 Copies), relating correspondence (4 Copies), and the
application fee. The application materials must be presented in the manner
previously described.
All correspondence regarding application procedure and notification should be
addressed to the Executive Secretary. All submitted application materials become
the sole property of the ECZM and will not be returned to the applicant.
Chapter 5
Qualifying examination
The examination will test all aspects of the relevant specialty of zoological medicine and may
be composed of three sections.
1.
The written section consists of multiple choice questions with one correct answer
and/or essay questions.
2.
A practical/written section of the exam is designed to test interpretive skills.
The questions may be based on photographs, or specimens related to the relevant
specialty of zoological diseases or conditions. The photographs or specimens depict
anatomical specimens, instruments, zoological diseases (relevant to the specialty),
pathological and histological specimens, and radiographs. The candidate may be
asked to give information regarding diagnosis, method of treatment or control,
interpretation of radiographs or other diagnostic images, identification of equipment.
Short written answers of a few words to a sentence are expected. Each question will
be read or shown to the candidates and at the end a review period of 20 minutes is
granted before the forms are passed to the examiner.
3.
During a conclusive oral examination, each candidate may be examined by two or
more members of the Examination Committee for a maximum of 60 minutes. The oral
portion of the exam is designed to test depth and breadth of knowledge, ability to
18
apply this knowledge, problem solving capabilities and skills. Candidates should be
prepared to answer questions covering all areas of practice relevant to the zoological
specialty.
Successful candidates shall be obliged to submit ten multiple choice questions and two
practical questions with properly referenced answers (i.e. references to the literature from the
reading list [see Appendix A]. Model examination questions may be accessed on the web site.
Candidates must pass the examination within eight years of being notified that they have
satisfied the credentials process, and may sit the examination on four (4) occasions only.
Failure to satisfy either of these requirements necessitates that the candidate go through the
credentials process again and additional periods of training and/or experience may be
required by the Credential Committee. The second approval by the Credentials Committee
will be reviewed annually, the incoming Examination Committee chairperson and the
incoming Credentials Committee chairperson having the option of recommending
reapplication on a yearly basis.
Reapplication credentials must include:
1.
A written outline of the applicant's self-evaluation and his/her remedy to correct these
deficiencies.
2.
A completed application form (4 copies)
3.
An updated curriculum vitae (4 copies) should be provided. An addendum should
reflect training and experiences directed toward correcting the deficiencies as noted
by the report from the Secretary of the Examination Committee.
4.
At least one letter of reference. These letter(s) should specifically address the efforts
taken by the applicant to correct the deficiencies of previous examinations.
5.
At least one additional major publication in the field of the relevant specialty in
Zoological Medicine, with the applicant being the first or sole author is required. The
publications must have been published or at least fully accepted for publication (proof
provided) by internationally refereed scientific journal (i.e. mentioned in the Science
Citation Index or one of the journals mentioned in the reading list [see Appendix]).
The publication must be less than five years old at the date of the current application
deadline.
6.
All relating correspondence (4 copies) should be provided. This should include a list
of all dates of previous applications and appropriate correspondence.
Credentials of candidates who pass the examination will be forwarded to the President by the
Chairperson of the Examining Committee.
Examination fee:
a. Taking part in the examination is not possible if the fee is not paid at the time of
application. The deadline for the latter is March 1st in the year of anticipated
examination.
b. The examination fee is non-refundable
c. If a candidate has to sit for an examination for a second or third occasion the full
examination fee will be due.
The integrity of the Diplomate status examination will be maintained by the European
College of Zoological Medicine to insure the validity of scores awarded to candidates.
19
Appendix A
Avian specialty
All Diplomates are required to refer to Nomina Anatomica as listed below for anatomical
nomenclature and to Howard and Moore (2003) as listed below for species names when
writing
material
for
ECZM
(avian).
Compulsory reading list
Refereed Journals (Published in the 5 previous years)
- American Journal of Veterinary Research
- Avian Diseases
- Avian Pathology
- Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association
- Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery (including the abstracts from articles
from other journals which our published in this journal)
- Journal of Wildlife Diseases
- Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine
- Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine / Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine
(Saunders)
- Veterinary Clinics of North America, Exotic Animal Practice
- Veterinary Record
Proceedings (Published in the 5 previous years)
- American Association of Zoo Veterinarians
- Association of Avian Veterinarians (AAV)
- European AAV Conferences
- ECAMS scientific meetings
- European Association of Zoo Wildlife Veterinarians
Monographs
- Altman R. B., Clubb S., Dorrestein G. and Quesenberry K. Avian Medicine and
Surgery. W.B. Saunders, 1997.
- Anderson Brown AF: The Incubation Book. World Pheasant Association,
Hampshire. Millennium Edition.
- Handbook of Avian Anatomy. Nomina Anatomica Avium, Nuttal
Ornithological Club, Cambridge, UK. 2nd ed. 1993.
- Beynon PH, Forbes NA, Harcourt-Brown N (eds): Manual of Raptors, Pigeons
and Waterfowl. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, Gloucestershire,
1996.
- Campbell TW: Avian Hematology and Cytology. Ames, Iowa State University
Press, 2nd edition, 1995.
- Coles, BH: Avian Medicine and Surgery. Oxford, Blackwell, 3rd edition, 2008.
- Coles BH, Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Herman TJ. Avian Medicine. Mosby
1998.
- Forbes NA, Altman RB. Avian Medicine. Manson Publishing. London. 1998.
- Fowler ME, Miller, RE (eds): Special medicine: Birds. In: Zoo and Wild
Animal Medicine, 4th edition. WB Saunders page no req Co., Philadelphia,
1999.
20
-
-
Fudge, AM: Laboratory Medicine: Avian and Exotic Pets. W. B. Saunders,
Philadelphia, 2000.
Harcourt-Brown NH: Birds of Prey: Anatomy, Radiology, and Clinical
Conditions of the Pelvic Limb. CD-ROM, Zoological Education Network, Lake
Worth, Florida 2000.
King AS. McLelland J. Birds. Their Structure and Function, 2nd edition.
London, Ballière Tindall, 1984.
Lumeij JT. Avian Clinical Biochemistry, pp 857-883 In Kaneko JJ, Harvey JW,
Bruss ML. Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals, Academic Press, 1997.
Lumeij JT et al. (eds.) Raptor Biomedicine III. Zoological Education Network,
Lake Worth. Florida. 2000.
McLelland: A Colour Atlas of Avian Anatomy. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1991.
Olsen GH, Orosz SE: Manual of Avian Medicine. Mosby. London 2000.
Orosz SE et al. Avian Surgical Anatomy. Philadelphia, Saunders, Philadelphia,
1992.
Redig, PT, Cooper JE, Remple JD, Hunter DB (eds.). Raptor Biomedicine.
University of Minnesota Press, 1993.
Ritchie, B. Avian Viruses. Function and Control. Wingers Publishing, Lake
Worth, Florida. 1995.
Ritchie BW, Harrison GJ, Harrison LR: Avian Medicine: Principles and
Application. 2nd Ed. HBD International, Delray Beech, Florida 2000.
Saif YM: Diseases of Poultry. 11th ed. Iowa State Press, 2003
Samour, J (ed) Avian Medicine, 2nd edition, Elsevier, London, 2008.
Schmidt RE, Reavill DR, Phalen, DN: Pathology of Pet and Aviary Birds. Iowa
State Press (also as CD ROM) 2003.
Sturkie PD. Avian Physiology, 5th ed. Academic Press, San Diego, 2000.
Taylor M, Harrison GJ: Diagnostic Application of Avian Endoscopy CD ROM
of the Zoological Education Network Multimedia Series 2000.
Thomas NJ, Hunter DB, Atkinson CT (eds) Infectious diseases of Wild Birds.
Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
Tudor, D. Pigeon Health and Disease. Iowa State University Press 1991.
Tully TN, Lawton MPC, Dorrestein GM (eds). Avian Medicine. Butterworth
Heinman 2000.
Tully, T.N. and Shane S.M. (eds). Ratite Management Medicine and Surgery.
Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, 1996.
Suggested reading list
In particular there are a number of texts in languages other than English which are considered
useful but on which candidates will not be specifically examined. Other texts listed here may
be put of print and difficult to source but are useful if obtainable.
-
Attenborough D. The Life of Birds B.B.C. Books (c) David Attenborough
Publications Ltd. 1998.
Davison F, Kasper B, Schat KA. (eds.) Avian Immunology. Academic
Press/Elsevier. 2008
Deeming, DC. Nests, birds and incubators: New insights into natural and
artificial incubation. Brinsea Products Ltd, 2002.
Del Hoyo: The Handbook of birds of the world, Lynx edicion publishers,
volume 1-10, 1992-2004.
Gage LJ, Duerr RS. Hand-Rearing Birds. Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
21
-
-
-
-
Howard R, Moore A: 3rd Ed. A Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World.
Academic Press. Oxford 2003.
Kaleta EF, Krautwald-Junghanns M-E (eds.): Kompendium der
Ziervogelkrankheiten. 3rdedition Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt, Hannover, 2007.
Klasing KC: Comparative Avian Nutrition, CABI publishing, 1998.
Koenig HE, Liebich HG (eds.): Anatomie und Propaedeutik des Gefluegels.
Stuttgart, New York: Schattauer, 2000.
Loye JE, Zuk M: Bird-Parasite Interactions. Oxford University Press 1991.
Petrak ML: Diseases of Cage and Aviary Birds, 2nd ed. Lea and Febiger,
Philadelphia, 1982 (Chapter 4 on Avian Genetics)
Pees, M (ed): Leitsymptome bei Papageien und Sittichen. Enke Verlag, 2004.
Samour J, Naldo J. Anatomical and Clinical Radiology of Birds of Prey.
Elsevier, London. 2007.
Schubot R, Clubb S, Clubb K. Psittacine Aviculture. Loxahatchee (FL, USA),
Avicultural Breeding and Research Center, 1992.
Wobeser GA: Diseases of Wild Waterfowl. London, Plenum Press, 2003.
Tierärztliche Praxis
Harrison / Lightfoot. Clinical Avian Medicine. Spix Publications 2005
Chapters:
 Volume
I
Evaluating and treating the cardiovascular system M. Pees, Krautwald et al.
 Volume
II
Preventive
medicine
and
screening
D.
Phalen
Update
on
Ch.
psittaci
T.
Tully
Implications of Macrorhabdus in Clinical Disorders D. Phalen
Implications of Viruses in Clinical Disorders D. Phalen
Management of Canaries, Finches and Mynahs P. Sandmeier
Management
of
Raptors
J.
Samour
Management of Captive Ratites B. Doneley
Wildlife Information Network (WIN) modules (CD-roms):
 Wildlife: Disease Investigation and Management (Birds)
 West Nile Virus
 Waterfowl: Health and Management
all available from: win@wildlifeinformationnetwork.org
West G, Heard D, Caulkett N. (eds.) Zoo Animal & Wildlife Immobilization
and Anesthesia. Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
Chapters:
 Cagebirds by Michelle G. Hawkins and Peter J. Pascoe.
 Free-living waterfowl and shorebirds by Daniel M. Mulcahy.
 Ratites by Jessica Siegal-Willot.
Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine. M.E. Fowler and R.E. Miller. Saunders
Elsevier, 2008.
Chapters:
 Salmonellosis
in
songbirds.
J.K.
Kirkwood.
 Veterinary
care
of
bustards.
T.
A.
Bailey.
 Medical
management
of
curassow.
M.E.
Todcidlowski.
 Monitoring avian health in the Galapagos Islands. L.R. Padilla, P.G. Parker.
 Avian
atherosclerosis.
J.
St.
Leger.
 Minerals and stork nutrition. A.L. Fidgett, E.S. Dierenfeld.
22

Veterinary
care
of
kiwi.
W.
Boardman.
Updated May 2008
23
Reading List Herpetological specialty
Reading List Small Mammal specialty
Reading List Wildlife Medicine and Conservation specialty
Compulsory Reading List
Journals:
- Journal of Wildlife Diseases
- Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine
- The Veterinary Record
Books:
- Davidson. 2006. Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases in the Southeastern United States
3rd Edition. Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Athens, GA.
- Fowler, M.E. (ed). 1993, 1999, 2003, 2007. Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, 3rd, 4th, 5th
and 6th editions, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
- Friend, M., Franson, T.C. (eds). 1999. Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases: General Field
Procedures and Diseases of Birds. U.S. Geological Survey.
- Kreeger, T.J., 2002. Handbook of Wildlife Chemical Immobilization. International
WildlifeVeterinary Services. Laramie, WY.
- Samuel, W.M., Pybus, M.J., Kocan, A.A. (eds). 2001. Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals,
2nd ed. ISU Press, Ames, Iowa.
- Thomas, NJ, Atkinson, CT, Hunter, DB. 2007. Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of Wild
Birds. Blackwell Publishing.
- West, G., Heard, D. & Caulkett, N (eds). 2007. Zoo Animal and Wildlife Immobilization
and Anesthesia. Blackwell Publishing.
- Williams, E.S., Barker, I.K. (eds). 2001. Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals, 3rd ed. ISU
Press, Ames, Iowa.
- Wobeser, G.A. 2007. Investigation and Management of Disease in Wild Animals 2nd
edition. Springer
Suggested Reading List
Journals:
- American Journal of Veterinary Research
- Conservation Biology
- EcoHealth
- Emerging Infectious Diseases
- Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
- Journal of Wildlife Management
- OIE Revue Scientifique et Technique
24
Books:
- Aguirre AA, et al. (eds). 2002. Conservation Medicine: Ecological Health in Practice.
Oxford University Press, Inc., New York, NY. 432 pp.
- Bookhout, T.A., (ed). 1996. Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and
Habitats. 5th edition revised. The Wildlife Society, Bethesda, MD. (chapters 4, 5, 6, 11, 12,
13, 15)
- Fairbrother, A., Locke, L.N., Hoff, G.L. (eds.). 1996. Noninfectious Diseases of Wildlife,
2nd ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
- Friend, M. 2006. Disease Emergence and Resurgence: The Wildlife-Human Connection.
US Geological Survey.
- McKenzie AA (ed). 1993. The Capture and Care Manual. Wildlife Decision Support
Service and the South African Veterinary Foundation. South Africa.
- Wobeser, GA. 2005. Essentials of Disease in Wild Animals. Blackwell Publishing.
- Wobeser, G.A., 1997. Diseases of Wild Waterfowl, 2nd ed. Plenum Press, New York.
25
Appendix B
Re-evaluation of ECZM Diplomates March 27, 2007
Relevant Articles from ECZM Constitution:
Art 5.8. ECZM Constitution:
The registration ceases by default when the specialty is practised at a level of less than 50
percent devoted to patients of their specialty (i.e. < 20 hours/week), or when the specialty has
not been practised, for reasons other than those being reasons for temporary or permanent
suspension, for two continuous years or the equivalent of two years during a period of 5
years. These Diplomates are awarded a Non-Practising Diplomate status.
Art 5.9. ECZM Constitution
The College has established a standard procedure (see Appendix B) by which the requirement
for membership are re-evaluated on a periodic basis. This procedure meets the requirements
as established by the European Board of Veterinary Specialisation (EBVS).
Continuing education: validation system ECZM
At the 2001 ECAMS Annual General Meeting in Munich it was decided that the
recredentialling procedure was to start from January 1st 2001 onwards.
After each 5-year period, each diplomate shall provide validation that they may continue their
Diplomate status. Any diplomate failing to achieve sufficient points may alternatively re-sit
the examination. Please note that recognition of conferences must be validated with the
Education and Residency Committee prior to the conference. All diplomates are advised to
maintain a log through out the period.
26
Minimum Points required over the 5 year period: 100
Publications (related to avian medicine: maximum 65 points / 5 years)
Only in international peer reviewed journals (as listed below), excluding abstracts of
presentations:
- Original scientific article (main author)/ peer reviewed contributions to text book
relevant to their specialty
10 points
- Original article (co-author)
8 points
- Case report / Review (main author)
6 points
- Case report / Review (co-author)
5 points
Presentations (related to the relevant specialty: maximum 70 points/5 years)
Please note that it is a requirement of the College that you personally present a paper at an
ECZM meeting at least once in each 3-year period.
-
National Congress or CE
4 point/hr or part
ECZM meeting (per presentation)
10 point/hr or part
ECZM (paper accepted but author fails for any reason to attend meeting to
deliver)
- 10 points
Presentation at ECZM (non Conf) AGM
7 points
Attend ECZM AGM (non Conf) CPD
1 point
Other International meetings (per presentation)
10 points/hr or part
Poster presentation at International meeting as 1st author
3 points
Attendance (related to the relevant specialty) (maximum 100 points / 5 years)
- National meeting (if prior approved by Education Committee)
2 point / half day (max 8 / meeting)
- International Meetings (see list below or as approved by Education and
Residency Committee)
4 points / half day (max 14 points / meeting)
- ECZM workshop
4 points
- Non-specialised congress
2 points / half day (max 8 pints / meeting)
- Attendance advanced training course (if prior approved by Education and
Residency Committee)
9 points
- ECZM business meeting attended simultaneous with ECZM Conference
1 point
- ECZM business meetings when not simultaneous with ECZM Conference
3 points
(Diplomates are obliged to attend at least three business meetings in each 5 years)
Preparing Exam questions (max 55 points /5 years)
- Questions must be accepted by the Examination Committee
1 point per MCQ
3 points per Prac Q
Please note all Diplomates are obliged to prepare suitable numbers of acceptable exam
questions at a frequency and volume as may be necessary and is decided by the Scientific
Committee and ratified by the AGM.
Involvement in college activities
Active member (by approval of chair) of an ECZM Examination Committee
8 points
27
Active member (by approval of chair) of another ECZM committee (per committee)
5 points
Officer post (i.e. Board Member)
6 points
Programme Director (per resident/ per year)
8 points
Resident supervision (per resident/ per year)
8 points
Recognised International Meetings (avian specialty)
AAV, EAAV (biannual), ECAMS (biannual), AAAVC, BSAVA (avian elements of),
FECAVA (avian elements of), WSAVA (avian elements of), Voorjaarsdagen (avian elements
of) DVG Vogeltagung Munich (biannual), NAVC (avian elements of), Central Veterinary
Conference (avian elements of), AZV, Western States, World Poultry, (avian elements of),
American Veterinary Medical (avian elements of), ABVP (avian elements) Veterinary
Association and other conferences as may be recognised by the Education and Residency
Committee in advance of the conference. In the latter case Diplomates are obliged to provide
details with full programme to the Chair of the Education and Residency Committee at least 3
month prior to the conference.
Recognised International Meetings (herpetological specialty)
Recognised International Meetings (small mammal specialty)
Recognized International Meetings (wildlife and conservation medicine)
AAZV, WDA, NAVC, AVMA, BVA, ISVEE, USAHA. Veterinary Association and other
conferences as may be recognised by the Education and Residency Committee in advance of
the conference. In the latter case Diplomates are obliged to provide details with full
programme to the Chair of the Education and Residency Committee at least 3 month prior to
the conference.
Recognised International Peer reviewed Journals (avian specialty)
as listed in the Science Citation Index, and including JAMS, VetRec, JSAP, J Wildlife Dis,
Avian Pathol, Avian Dis, AJVR, Comp CESAP, Cont Issues in SAP, JAVMA, J Vet Pharm
Therap, JZWM, Seminars in Avian and Exotic Animal Med, Vet Clinics NA
Recognised International Peer reviewed Journals (herpetological specialty)
Recognised International Peer reviewed Journals (small mammal specialty)
Recognized International Peer reviewed Journals (wildlife and conservation medicine
specialty)
As listed in the Science Citation Index and including journals on the reading list in Appendix
A.
28
Re-evaluation Form ECZM
(Re-evaluation is performed electronically through the website)
Name of Diplomate:
Specialty:
Year in question:
Date:
…………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………..
…………
…………
Address:……………………………………
………………………………………..
Tel: ………………………………………
Fax: ………………………………………
E mail: ………………………………………
If you have not been a Diplomate for all of the period, please state when you were first
accepted into the College. ………………….
1. Have you practised your specialty within Zoological Medicine for more than 20hrs a
week continuously during the last 5 years. Y /N
If
not
please
specify:
………………………………………………………………………
2. List the peer reviewed publications that you have authored / co-authored (in
recognised international journals) during the last 5 years. Specify which are original,
review, case studies, continuing educational articles or text books.
3. List the presentations that you have given at recognised International meetings in the
last 5 years (include name and date of the meeting, - please attach copies of the
programmes if not on the list of automatically approved meetings).
4. List the ECZM presentations you have personally delivered in the last 5 years.
5. List any ECZM presentations which have been accepted but for which you were
unable to attend to present for any reason.
6. List all ECZM business meetings which you have attended in the last 5 years.
7. List the presentations that you have given at recognised national meetings in the last 5
years. (include name and date of the meeting).
8. List the National and International meetings which you have attended in the last 5
years.
9. List the ECZM related activities (committee/board membership) that you have been
involved in during the last 5 years.
10. List (and attach copies of the relevant text) the number of MCQ and Practical
questions which you have had accepted in the last 5 years. If you had a deficit of
questions in the previous period, any new questions in this period will be carried back
to the previous period, prior to attracting points in this period.
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11. List the names of residents for whom you have acted as Programme Director to during
the last 5 years.
12. List the names of residents whom you have acted as Resident Supervisor during the
last 5 years.
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Appendix D
ECZM Examination Application Form
…………………………….
Date
Name of Applicant
……………………………………..…………………………….
Specialty in which you have been trained.
………………………………………..
Credentials already approved
Date of Credentials Approval
Full material enclosed for Credentials Approval
Yes
/
No
…………………………….
Yes / No
Institute where residency undertaken
…………………………….
Date Internship Commenced
…………………………….
Date Internship Completed
…………………………….
Date Residency Commenced
…………………………….
Date Residency Completed
…………………………….
Application to sit the examination in
2009 / 2010 / 2011
Examination Fee has been paid
Yes / No
Signature of Resident
……………………………..
Counter signature of Programme Director
…………………………….
Name of Programme Director
…………………………….
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Appendix F
Annual Dues and Fees
Active Diplomate
€ 150,00
Non Practising Diplomate
€ 100,00
Retired Diplomate
€ 100,00
Honorary Member
No Fee
Credentialing to start Residency
No Fee
Credentialing for Examination
€ 150,00
Examination Fee
€ 450,00
Credentialing for return from Non Practising to Active
€ 200,00
Appeal against adverse decisions
€ ………
Visitation and Inspection of potential Residency Training Facility
Compensate expenses made
32