ELI 83- Ford
Unit 4 Answer Key
Task 1:
a. 3
c. 5
e. 4
b. 1
d. 2
f. 6
These are the textbook answers, but 2,3, & 4 are questionable.
Task 2:
1. Sentence 3
2. sentence 1- definition; sentence 2- statement of problem
3. In many ways, probably yes, but note that the author offers no solution to reducing
the number of virus infections with no known cause. Even though she gives this fact
strong emphasis.
4. There are lots of possibilities here. The formal vocabulary; the absence of references
to people ; the uses of the passive; nonfinite –ing clauses; complex nominals; sentence
complexity, especially in sentences 4 and 6.
5. Sentence 5 seems more highlighted that sentence 4.
6. Discuss the implications of the data.
7. Probably ok given the emphasis of the unknown. A possible addition might have been
“No other known causes reached 10% of the total.”
8. This might be the moment to discuss the “rounding” of numbers. It’s a good idea to
provide numbers such as this as estimates; therefore, you could either “round up” or
“round down” to the closest 5 or 10 points. The intensifying “as much as” can be sold as
a way of enlivening the text.
Task 3:
Indicative
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
show
provide
give
present
summarize
illustrate
reveal
display
demonstrate
indicate
suggest
Task 4:
1. in
2. by
3. on
4. in
5. in
6. in
Informative
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
7. with…of
8. by
Task 5: No exact answer given.
Task 6: The stronger verbs are probably1. establish
3. undermine
2. shows
4. validate
5. shown
6. create
ELI 83- Ford
Unit 4 Answer Key
7. distorted
8. failed
9. stimulated
10. clarifies
Task 7: No exact answers possible.
Task 8:
Student A has organized the material first by going down the “Girls” column and then
down the “Boys” column. Although giving the average is a good idea, dealing with the
table this way does not quite bring out the contrasts—and the main contrast should be
across gender lines.
Student B gets it just about right.
Student C seems to overplay the differences in rank order.
Task 9: No exact answers possible.
Task 10:
1. This point seems entirely reasonable and well taken. Maybe we need something like:
“Although differences between the two groups vary in magnitude, the most striking
aspect of the data is that across all six divisions international students complete their
degrees more quickly and in higher percentages than do domestic students.”
2. This may be unfair. The previous sentence seems to show clearly enough that it is a
personal speculation.
3. The point is a good one, but it is not clear whether the available data would support
its inclusion. Maybe many of the international students are native speakers or have
excellent English? As we are given no data on language background perhaps it can be
left out.
4. It is hard to argue against this. Surely some statements about how to get at the
causes of the remarkable findings would be a very suitable conclusion.
Task 11:
1. Highlight statement
2. Highlight statement
3. Qualified conclusion
4. Unexpected result
5. Possible explanation
6. Unsatisfactory data
7. Possible further research
Task 12:
No exact answers possible, but before writing your response, you should carefully study
the discrepancies found in Table 13 and make note of these in your response.
Task 13:
1. are shown
4. Figure 1
2. measured
5. decrease
3. was chosen
6. presumed
7. underestimates them during the vacant period
8. may be due to
9. On the other hand,
11. may be reduced
10. observed levels
12. the effects of
ELI 83- Ford
Unit 4 Answer Key
Jiyoung could have used hypotheticals when she discussed her assumptions and how
they might have been wrong.
Task 14:
An appropriate sentence order would be:
1. d
4. e
7. a
2. b
5. h
8. g
3. i
6. c
9. f
It can be seen that this DC is organized in the standard manner:
Location + indicative summary
Highlight 1
Illustration of highlight
Highlight 2
Illustrations of highlight
Explanations of the data
The only obvious chronological ordering occurs in sentences 5 and 6.
Task 15: No exact answers possible.
Task 16: No exact answers possible.