NAME: ____________________________ H.R: ______ DATE: ___________________
SCI & TECH 204
The Material World
SECTION 1: The Properties of Matter
NOTE-TAKING WORKSHEET
The Properties of Matter (p. 175-177)
Useful Properties for Recognizing Matter

Characteristics or properties can be used for identification.

Brown hair is an example of a non-characteristic property because more than one
person may have this characteristic.

Fingerprints are an example of a characteristic property because they are unique to
each person.
Non-Characteristic Properties of Matter

There are three states of matter: solid, liquid and gas.

The quantity of matter in a substance is called mass.

The space that matter occupies is called volume.

Matter is anything that has mass and volume.

The temperature indicates the quantity of heat an object or matter contains.
States of Matter

At room temperature, matter can exist as solid, liquid or gas.
Solids

Solids are made up of particles held together by invisible bonds that are so strong
that the particles cannot move freely and can only vibrate.

This is why most solids have a specific shape and occupy a measurable volume.
Liquids

The bonds that hold together particles in a liquid are weaker than the bonds holding
together the particles of a solid.

The particles in a liquid can move around slowly.
NAME: ____________________________ H.R: ______ DATE: ___________________
SCI & TECH 204

Particles of liquids do not form rigid structures, so liquids take the shape of their
containers.
Gases

The bonds between particles of a gas are even weaker than the bonds between
particles in a liquid.

Particles of gas can move around much more freely than particles of a solid or liquid.

There are large, empty spaces between particles in a gas.

Gases expand to fill their entire container.
Particle Theory

According to particle theory, matter is composed of particles that are invisible to the
naked eye.

The main principles of particle theory:
1. All substances are made of very small particles.
2. A substance consists of particles that can be similar or different.
3. There is space between particles.
4. The particles are constantly moving; the speed of these movements
depends on the temperature of the substance.
5. The particles of a substance either attract or repel each other; the strength
of the attraction or repulsion depends on the type of particles in the
substance.
In the space below, answer questions #1 & 2 in the Memory Check on p. 178. & #1
on p. 189.
1. a) liquid
b) gas
c) solid
2. liquid
1. A characteristic property is a property that is unique to a person or
substance. It allows you to identify a person or substance. Ex.
Fingerprints. A non-characteristic property is a property shared by
many people or substances. Ex. Brown hair.
NAME: ____________________________ H.R: ______ DATE: ___________________
SCI & TECH 204
3. The Properties of Matter (p. 185 & 187)
Temperature: The Higher the Heat, the Greater the Movement
The Celsius Scale

The unit of measure for temperature is the degree Celsius (°C).

To calibrate a thermometer, scientists use the properties of water.
o The temperature at which water freezes is given the value of 0 (zero).
o The temperature at which water turns into vapour (boils) is given the value of
100.
Temperature and Particle Theory

Water in a glass is warmer than it is when it is frozen into ice because of the speed
of the particles.

It is almost impossible to measure the speed of particles because they are too small
and travel too fast.

The temperature of a substance provides an indication of an average speed of
motion of these particles.

The higher the temperature of a substance the faster its particles are moving. (Not
in the text; use what you have learned for this one!)