Foundations of Technology
Summative Multiple Choice Questions
1.1
The History of Technology
1.
What is the most significant result based on the development of wind mills and water
wheels?
a. the rise and fall of feudalism
b. humans no longer had to use their muscle to move machines
c. popularity of money and capitalism
d. beginning of mechanical labor
2.
What event from the early 1900’s had the most significant impact on the
development of technology?
a. the development of mechanical labor
b. the development of the assembly line
c. the development of steam power
d. the development of electricity
3.
of
a.
b.
c.
d.
4.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Devices in the Information Age are used to process and exchange information. Which
the following devices does not communicate information as its primary function?
iPod
laptop
GPS receiver
electric powered vehicle
Television is a technological development that occurred during the
Renaissance
Industrial Age
Paleolithic Age
Information Age
5.
The microscope is a technological development that occurred during the
_______________.
a. Renaissance
b. Industrial Age
c. Paleolithic Age
d. Information Age
6.
Digital photography is a technological development that occurred during the
_____________.
a. Renaissance
b. Industrial Age
c. Paleolithic Age
d. Information Age
.
7. The printing press is a technological development that occurred during the
______________.
a. Middle Ages
b. Renaissance
c. Industrial Age
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d. Information Age
1.2
Inventions and Innovations: An Evolutionary Process
1. Technology transfer occurs when:
a. one society uses a product from another society
b. an innovation used for one purpose is used for another purpose
c. an innovation is used in different time periods
d. one society deems a product unethical
2. Which of the following occurs when a new user applies an existing innovation developed
for one purpose in a different function?
a. invention
b. innovation
c. technology transfer
d. technology regression
3.
Science, technology, engineering and mathematics are so closely related that
progress in one area often _________________.
a. stunts progress in other areas
b. stunts progress in one but not all other areas
c. promotes advancements in all other areas
d. promotes advancement in one other area but not others
4.
on
a.
b.
c.
d.
Early in the history of technology, the development of tools and machines was based
______________ versus scientific knowledge as is done today.
technology and mathematics principles
the engineering design process
technical know-how
positive and negative effects of using technology
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is not an impact technology has on our society?
political
economic
experimental
environmental
5.
6. The current rate of technological development is __________.
a. rapidly decreasing
b. rapidly increasing
c. slowly increasing
d. slowly decreasing
7. Which of the following items represents the original invention that computers are based
upon?
a. abacus
b. vacuum tubes
c. drive train
d. calculators
8. ______________ is a series of refinements to an original idea or product.
a. technology transfer
b. invention
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c. innovation
d. culture shift
1.3
The Role of Research and Development: A Problem Solving Approach
1. Specific, goal-directed research conducted by a company to design new
inventions/innovations is called _________.
a. engineering design
b. research and development
c. experimentation
d. technology transfer
2. Design problems are __________ presented in a clearly defined form.
a. often
b. never
c. seldom
d. always
3. Which of the following scenarios is the least likely reason to “reverse engineer” a
technological device?
a. the device has poor features that need to be redesigned.
b. the device needs to be compared with the original design documentation.
c. you want to compare the device with the features of a competitor’s product.
d. the original manufacturer of the device no longer manufactures the product.
1.4
Advertising and Marketing Effects on Technology
1. Currently, the development of technologies is largely driven by _____________:
a. politics
b. profit motives
c. morals
d. ethics
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following does not contribute to the success or failure of a product?
strength of the economy
latest fads or trends
advertising
accessories included
3.
______________ is when a designer must make a choice between a positive and
negative impact for a product.
a. the principles of design
b. marketing
c. a trade off
d. the engineering design process
4.
_________________ allows companies and/or individuals to protect their
product designs from being copied or reproduced without their permission.
a. a patent
b. a trademarks
c. a lawsuits
d. an original sketch
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2.1
The Engineering Design Process
1.
The Engineering Design Process follows?
a defined circular path
a defined linear path
an iterative path
a non-repetitive path
a.
b.
c.
d.
2.
The systematic application of mathematical, scientific and technical principles is
____________.
a. sociological design
b. scientific design
c. engineering design
d. psychological design
3.
By defining the problem, the designer has clearly identified the following.
a. how to solve the problem
b. the criteria related to the problem
c. the constraints related to the problem
d. what the solution should address
4.
During the engineering design process data is collected at various points. During
which phase is data not collected?
a. evaluating the solution
b. brainstorming solutions
c. testing the solution
d. research and development
5.
When documenting the engineering design process, design portfolios, design
journals, sketches and schematics are all used to?
a. evaluate
b. communicate
c. test
d. optimize
2.2
Collecting and Processing Information
1. The process of collecting, organizing and analyzing data is called ________________.
a. calculus
b. geometry
c. algebra
d. statistics
2. The average number in a data set is the _______________.
a. mean
b. mode
c. median
d. range
3. What is the median of the following data set: 1, 3, 5, 8, 8?
a. 1
b. 3
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c. 5
d. 8
4. The mode in a data set is the number ______________.
a. in the exact middle of the set
b. that is the average
c. most frequently occurring
d. at the end
5. A common computer software used to analyze data is a ______________.
a. word processor software
b. spreadsheet software
c. computer assisted design software
d. graphic design software
2.3
Design Principles
1.
Engineers, architects and others who engage in design to solve practical problems,
use ______________.
a. mathematical applications and intuition
b. scientific knowledge and intuition
c. intuition and parental advice
d. scientific knowledge and mathematical applications
2.
Which of the following personal characteristics does not influence the engineering
design process?
a. creativity
b. sensitivity
c. ability to visualize
d. imagination
3.
A constraint related to cost must be considered when the design is seeking the
following impact?
a. aesthetic
b. political
c. economic
d. social
4.
a.
b.
c.
d.
5.
Which of the constraints listed below is not considered a physical constraint?
size
shape
cost
color
Engineering design principles are used to evaluate designs according to flexibility,
balance, function and _____________.
a. proportion
b. ethics
c. economics
d. historical significance
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2.4
Criteria and Constraints
1. Identified elements and/or features of a product or system are the _______________.
a. criteria
b. trade-offs
c. constraints
d. efficiency
2. Identified limitations to the design of a product or system are the _________________.
a. efficiency
b. constraints
c. trade-offs
d. criteria
3. When designers make compromises during the engineering design process, the result is
often _______________.
a. additional criteria
b. more constraints
c. increased efficiency
d. a trade-off
4. Time, budget and safety are almost always considered to be ________________.
a. trade-offs
b. criteria
c. constraints
d. efficiency
5.
Which of the following is not normally included in criteria of a design?
a. Budget
b. function
c. efficiency
d. aesthetics
2.5
Prototypes and Modeling
1. Conceptual, physical and mathematical models are used to
a. define criteria for a solution
b. determine trade-offs
c. train designers
d. evaluate design solutions
2. Sketching is a tool used in the creation of what type of model?
a. conceptual
b. physical
c. mathematical
d. psychological
3. Mock-ups and prototypes are different types of ______________.
a. psychological models
b. conceptual models
c. physical models
d. mathematical models
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4. Mathematical modeling aids in technological design by simulating how
a. a solution should be designed
b. a proposed system might behave
c. physical models should be built
d. designs should be used
5. A characteristic of a 3D model that is not included in a 2D model is _______________.
a. volume
b. surface area
c. height
d. width
2.6
Documenting the Design Process
1.
When preparing to communicate a solution to a design problem, you must
_______________.
a. make a set of CADD drawings
b. construct a table top display
c. visit the site of your presentation the week before
d. consider the viewpoint of your audience
2.
Which of the following formats for communication has the potential to reach the
largest audience?
a. podcast
b. table display
c. brochure
d. live performance
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3.1
Energy and Power
1.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can be ___________ from one form to
another.
a. synthesized
b. optimized
c. converted
d. communicated
2.
The major forms of ___________ include thermal, radiant, electrical, mechanical,
chemical and nuclear.
a. energy
b. power
c. force
d. resistance
3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following energy sources produces electricity using thermal energy?
wind
oil
water
solar
3.2
Manufacturing
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Materials can be classified as _________________.
natural, plastic, and leather
natural, synthetic, and mixed
metal, synthetic, and leather
metal, plastic , and leather
a.
b.
c.
d.
Manufacturing production systems can be classified as ________________.
customized, batch and continuous
natural, batch and continuous
customized, synthetic and continuous
customized, batch and natural
2.
3.
Efficiency in the manufacturing process was increased by the introduction of
_____________.
a. custom made parts
b. batch production methods
c. interchangeable parts
d. natural materials
4.
is the property of a material to resist permanent indentation.
a.
b.
c.
d.
3.3
hardness
creep strength
tensile strength
fracture toughness
Construction
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1.
Construction is a systematic process. Which of the selections below is NOT in the
proper sequence?
a. site preparation, setting foundation, building the framework
b. enclosing the structure, installing utilities, finishing the exterior
c. completing the site, building the framework, installing utilities
d. building the framework, enclosing the structure, installing utilities
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Building a framework includes putting up wall studs and _______________.
pouring concrete for the foundation
framing the roof
landscaping the outside
installing utilities
3.
Homes are built with materials that are readily available. In the eastern United
States wood is most often used. What available material could be used in a desert?
a. rock/stone
b. steel frame
c. adobe
d. straw bale
4.
Structural insulated panels have the ability to insulate as well as
________________.
a. conduct electricity
b. collect rainwater for reuse
c. act as a concrete form
d. support weight
3.4
1.
Using a systems model of input, process, output and feedback, when a student is
speaking to a friend on a cell phone, the cell phone is part of the ________________.
a. input
b. process
c. output
d. feedback
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
3.
4.
Information and Communication
Within a larger communication system, a computer keyboard is what type of device?
encoder
transmitter
decoder
storage device
Using non-verbal communication, a traffic sign shaped as a red octagon means a
driver should?
a. caution
b. yield
c. stop
d. go
Within a larger communication system, a computer hard drive is what type of
device?
a. encoder
b. transmitter
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c. decoder
d. storage device
5.
Within a larger communication system, software that allows the user to read email is
what type of device?
a. decoder
b. storage
c. retrieval
d. destination
3.5
Agriculture and Transportation
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Agricultural businesses must do what three things?
produce, process and market
process, manufacture, market
manufacture, distribute and market
produce, process and distribute
a.
b.
c.
d.
The role of transportation in agriculture is ____________.
vital
very important
somewhat important
not important
a.
b.
c.
d.
Crops grown on a farm are what type of resource?
exhaustible
renewable
non renewable
reusable
2.
3.
3.6
Telemedicine
1. Telemedicine is the use of medical information exchange through this type of
communication?
a. written communication
b. verbal communication
c. print communication
d. electronic communication
2. Telemedicine allows hospitals to optimize the use of their personnel by
________________.
a. allowing outside specialists to view patient records
b. cross training doctors, nurses and maintenance workers
c. allowing them to take more vacation days
d. outsourcing possible work
3. An example of _______________ is the availability of medical related images and
simulations to educate patients.
a. nursing call centers
b. remote monitoring of vital signs
c. videoconferencing
d. continuing medical education
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4.1
Core Technologies
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is an example of a subsystem and system relationship?
steering wheel, car
wind, solar
television, stereo
door, home
a.
b.
c.
d.
Systems, which are the building blocks of technology, are embedded within larger:
political, ethical, and moral systems
mechanical, structural, and electrical systems
technological, social, and environmental systems
optical, thermal and fluid systems
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following represents an example of a fluid core technology system?
remote control
woodstove
solar panel
hydraulic brakes
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is an example of an optical core technology system?
laser
iPod
fish tank
screwdriver
2.
3.
4.
4.2
Systems Model
1. Which of the following components of the systems model provides information for the
system so that it can adjust its function?
a. input
b. feedback
c. output
d. process
2. Which of the following components of the systems model includes resources such as,
energy, capital, people, materials, tools and information?
a. input
b. feedback
c. output
d. process
3. Which of the following is an output of an email communication system?
a. the computer used by the person sending the email.
b. the modem used for internet connection.
c. the person sending the email.
d. the sent email.
4. Which of the following is an example of a closed system?
a. a clothing dryer
b. a microwave
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c. a coffee pot
d. a motion detecting exterior light
5. An
a.
b.
c.
d.
automobile engine is a smaller system that is embedded into a larger ____________.
technological system
social system
environmental system
political system
4.3
Reverse Engineering
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is a subsystem of a cell phone?
ergonomics
light
email
circuit board
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is not a reason a company would reverse engineer a product?
to gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace
to document for future use
to optimize product design
learn from the device to create a new technology/product
2.
3.
of
a.
b.
c.
d.
4.
This step in the reverse engineering process involves redesign and optimization
the product.
disassemble
test
documentation
analyze
This step in the reverse engineering process involves the identification of
subsystems and their relationship to one another.
a. Disassemble
b. Test
c. Documentation
d. Analyze
4.4
Troubleshooting
1. Which of the following is not a way for a company to reduce the possibility of failure
when producing a part?
a. redundancy
b. tolerances
c. overdesign
d. pretesting of parts
2. Troubleshooting diagrams are used to ______________.
a. inform the user on how to use and maintain a system/product
b. inform the user on where to have the product repaired
c. list the size and tolerances of the parts
d. list the product parts
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3. Which electronic component does the following symbol represent?
a. diode
b. resistor
c. led
d. switch
4. Which of the following is not one of the steps a company would take in an attempt to
prevent a malfunction or failure of their product?
a. overdesign
b. redundancy
c. pretesting of parts and procedures
d. outsourcing of final product assembly
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Extra Questions from Enrichment Unit
2.1
NASA Space Exploration (Enrichment Unit)
1. The rocket proposed to launch humans into space was called
a. Orion
b. Altair
c. Ares 1
d. Ares V
2. In
a.
b.
c.
d.
order to save money, NASA proposed to use the best technologies from the
Gemini Program
Apollo Program
Space Shuttle Program
Apollo and Space Shuttle Program
3. Space exploration has encouraged the development of new technologies that have
resulted in many
a. trade offs
b. spin offs
c. blow offs
d. tech offs
2.2
NASA Intermodal Transportation (Enrichment Unit)
1. The four means of intermodal transportation are water, _______, air and space.
a. sea
b. land
c. earth’s orbit
d. railway
2. Intermodal transportation is the use of different modes of transportation to move
_______________ easily from one mode to another.
a. Cargo and animals
b. Natural resources
c. people and goods
d. luggage and mail
3. Which of the following is not a type of land transportation systems?
a. railway
b. automobiles
c. aircraft carrier
d. pipeline
4. Which of the following means of transportation allow for the largest cargo capability?
a. Air
b. Water
c. Land
d. Space
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2.3
NASA Transportation Cycle (Enrichment Unit)
1. NASA’s land vehicle that transports rockets to the launch pad is called the
a. mobile launch platform
b. crawler transporter
c. Liberty Star
d. Pegasus barge
2. The Orion crew exploration vehicle was designed to be used
a. only once
b. only twice with some refurbishment between flights
c. multiple times with no refurbishment between flights
d. multiple times with some refurbishment between flights
3. The action of two vehicles meeting in space is called
a. docking
b. stacking
c. rendezvous
d. meeting up
4. The action of two vehicles coming together in space as one spacecraft is called
a. docking
b. stacking
c. rendezvous
d. meeting up
5. The “tools” NASA uses to be sure that all systems are ready for the next step in the
transportation cycle are
a. assembly manuals
b. troubleshooting guides
c. astronaut notes
d. checklists
2.4
NASA Decision Making and Management (Enrichment Unit)
1. Before any large project can proceed, there must be a clear
a. set of system requirements
b. functional flow block diagram
c. operations manual based on requirements
d. operational concept document
2. What type of decision making structure does NASA use?
a. total quality
b. gantt
c. fishbone
d. board/panel
3. Formal program decisions are documented on/in
a. program directives
b. engineering notebooks
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c. wall charts
d. operational concept document
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