Angina is commonly associated with?
A. Meningitis
B. Measles
C. Tuberculosis
D. Leucosis
E. Hypertension
ANSWER: E
An increase in the amount of erythrocytes is the highest in:
A. Patients with erythromia
B. After transfusion of erythrocytes
C. In patients with emphysema of the lungs
D. In patients with heart failure
E. People who live in mountains
ANSWER: E
Of the following anemias hyperchromic is:
A. B-12 deficiency
B. Metaplasmatic
C. Hemolytic
D. Post-hemmorhagic anemia
E. Iron-deficiency anemia
ANSWER: E
Megalowblastic hyperplasia of bone marrow arises because of hypovitaminosis
of:
A. A
B. В-1
C. C
D. PP
E. B-12
ANSWER: E
The most characteristic cells of blood in bone marrow during B-12 deficient
anemia are:
A. Poikilocyte
B. Megalowblasts
C. Hypochromatic erythrocytes
D. Normoblasts
E. Anyzocytes
ANSWER: E
Leucosis-systemic tumor diseases:
A. Lymphoid tissue
B. Mesenchymal tissue
C. Endothelial tissue
D. Epithelial tissue
E. Hemopoetic tissue
ANSWER: E
Acute leucosis is characterized by prolipheration of:
A. Developed healthy cells
B. Undifferentiated or patially differentiated blast cells
C. Erythrocytes
D. Leucocytes
E. Endothelium
ANSWER: E
Bone marrow is red juicy, sometimes a gray tint during:
A. Undifferentiated form of leukosis
B. Jewler’s form of leucosis
C. Lymphogranulamatosis
D. During a child’s form of leucosis
E. Early form of leucosis
ANSWER: E
Acute leucosis is more commonly seen in
A. children
B. women
C. older people
D. young people
E. Men
ANSWER: E
During chronic lympho leucosis the liver is
A. Shrunken
B. Atrophic
C. Infiltrated by scar tissue
D. Cirrhotic
E. Enlarged, gray-brown color
ANSWER: E
To the group of paraprotein leucosis belong disease of
A. Hodgkins
B. Beresovskyy
C. Cokolovskyy
D. Chornodybov
E. Mielomic
ANSWER: E
Blood vessels affected in atherosclerosis are which of the following:
A. Aorta only
B. Large arteries and large veins
C. Large veins
D. Aorta and arterioli
E. Aorta and large arteries
ANSWER: E
Blood vessels affected in systemic hypertension are which of the folowing:
A. Aorta and large arteries only
B. Aorta only
C. Large arteries and large veins
D. Venules
E. Arterioli
ANSWER: E
The cells accumulating cholesterol or cholesterol esters in atherosclerotic
plaque are which of the following:
A. Neutrophils.
B. Lymphocytes and macrophages.
C. Mesenchymal cells
D. Giant cells.
E. Macrophages and smooth muscle cells
ANSWER: E
Material accumulated in macrophages and smooth muscle cells in
atherosclerotic plaque is which of the following:
A. Glycogen
B. Lipohyaline
C. Triglycerides
D. Lipoproteids
E. Cholesterol or cholesterol esters
ANSWER: E
The clinical syndrome of malignant hypertension includes all ofthe following
symptoms, except:
A. Retinal hemorrhages
B. Diastolic pressure >120 mmHg
C. Renal failure
D. Papilledema
E. Systolic pressure >120 mmHg
ANSWER: E
Secondary hypertension may be caused by all of the following diseases,
except:
A. Acute glomerulonephritis
B. Gushing's syndrome
C. Pheochromocytoma
D. Coarctation of aorta
E. Lobar pneumonia
ANSWER: E
The typical pathologic proces in arterioles and small arteries in systemic
hypertension is referred to as:
A. Hyaline atrophy
B. Hyaline hyperplasia
C. Fibroelastic hyalinosis
D. Hyaline atherosclerosis
E. Hyaline arteriolosclerosis
ANSWER: E
All of the following are stages of the atherosclerotic plaque development,
except:
A. Fibrous plaque
B. Fibrofatty plaque
C. Atheromatous plaque
D. Fibrolipid plaque
E. Fibrinous plaque
ANSWER: E
The major nonmodifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis are all of the
following, except:
A. Increasing age
B. Male gender
C. Family history
D. Genetic abnormalities
E. Increased water resorption
ANSWER: E
The potentially controllable risk factors for atherosclerosis are all of the
following, except:
A. Hyperlipidemia
B. Hypertension
C. Cigarette smoking
D. Diabetes mellitus
E. Genetic abnormalities
ANSWER: E
The gene defects in enzymes involved in aldosterone metabolism in systemic
hypertension lead to all of the following effects, except:
A. Adaptive increase in aldosterone secretion
B. Increased salt resorption
C. Increased water resorption
D. Plasma volume expansion
E. Increased lipoprotein resorption
ANSWER: E
Rheumatic diseases - a group of chronic diseases characterized by systemic
lesion:
A. joints
B. the circulatory system
C. circulatory
D. Kidney
E. connective tissue and blood vessels
ANSWER: E
What is rheumatic disease - (a group of chronic diseases characterized by
systemic lesion):
A. joints
B. the circulatory system
C. -D. kidney
E. connective tissue and blood vessels
ANSWER: E
To belong to pathogenetic mechanisms of rheumatic diseases:
A. streptococcal septicemia
B. oll ansvers - right
C. staphylococcus septikopiemii
D. gipertermicheskim reactions
E. allergic reactions of immediate and delayed-type
ANSWER: E
In rheumatic diseases the main pathogenetic plot are:
A. stagnant around the plethora of small joints
B. ishemizatsiya capillary bed
C. Hypertrophy of left heart Divisions
D. -E. progressive disorganization of the connective tissue
ANSWER: E
Disruption of connective tissue in rheumatic diseases includes::
A. mukoidny ekzema
B. hyaline droplets dystrophy
C. amyloidosis
D. hydropic dystrophy
E. mukoid edema
ANSWER: E
Disruption of connective tissue in rheumatic diseases includes::
A. cell reaction (granulematoz) and sclerosis
B. hyaline droplets dystrophy
C. amyloidosis
D. vakuolnuyu dystrophy
E. Hyalinosis
ANSWER: E
In rheumatism sensitizing factor antibodies:
A. B-hemolytic streptococcus, type B
B. B-hemolytic streptococcus type AB
C. B-hemolytic staphylococcus type A
D. oll ansvers - right
E. B-hemolytic streptococcus typeА
ANSWER: E
B-hemolytic streptococci type A has affinity with antigens аntibodies against
A. -B. kidney
C. tonsils
D. connective tissue of mediastinum
E. connective tissue of heart
ANSWER: E
In rheumatoid arthritis in patients with damage mainly to the connective
tissue:
A. heart
B. kidney
C. renal capsule
D. -E. capsule of the joints
ANSWER: E
The decisive factor for the development of scleroderma is a violation of the
synthesis:
A. keloid
B. fibrin
C. fibrinogen
D. keloid
E. collagen
ANSWER: E
Bekhterev disease - a chronic rheumatic disease with the damage:
A. articular apparatus
B. large joints
C. small and large joints
D. articular apparatus
E. glenoid spine-connected device
ANSWER: E
Microscopical features of acute appendicitis are all of the following,
EXCEPT:
A. Diffuse neutrophil infiltration
B. Absesses formation within the appendicular wall
C. Ulceration of the mucosa
D. Foci of hemorrhages
E. Epithelioid cell infiltration
ANSWER: E
The cell types in the corpus gastric glands are all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. Mucous cells
B. Parietal cells
C. Chief cells
D. Endocrine cells
E. Hurtle cells
ANSWER: E
The gastric mucosal protection from autodigestion is possible due to all of
the following factors, EXCEPT:
A. Mucus secretion
B. Bicarbonate secretion
C. Epithelial barrier
D. Mucosal blood flow
E. Gastrin receptor activation
ANSWER: E
Chronic infection of the gastric mucosa is associated with which of the
following bactertia:
A. Escherichia coli
B. Campilobacter jejuni
C. Enterococcus falcium
D. Escherichia chaffeensis
E. Helicobacter pylori
ANSWER: E
Chronic gastritis may be characterized by all of the following features,
EXCEPT:
A. Lymphocyte infiltration
B. Plasma cell infiltration
C. Intestinal metaplasia
D. Atrophy
E. Suppurative inflammation
ANSWER: E
Acute gastritis is commonly caused by all of the following factors, EXCEPT:
A. Excessive use of aspirin
B. Heavy smoking
C. Excessive alcohol consumption
D. Treatment with cancer chemotherapeutic drugs
E. Genetic abnormalities
ANSWER: E
Acute gastritis is commonly associated with all of the following factors,
EXCEPT:
A. Uremia
B. Severe stress
C. Systemic infections
D. Ischemia and shock
E. Delayed gastric emptying
ANSWER: E
Acute catarrhal gastritis is morphologically characterized by aU of the
following features, EXCEPT:
A. Moderate edema of lamina propria
B. Vascular congestion of lamina propria
C. Neutrophil infiltration
D. Abundant mucus amount on the gastric epithelium
E. Atrophy of the mucosa
ANSWER: E
The major etiologic associations of chronic gastritis are all of the
following, EXCEPT:
A. Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection
B. Autommune factors
C. Toxic factors
D. Bile reflux
E. Ischemia and shock
ANSWER: E
The major etiologic associations of chronic gastritis are all of the
following, EXCEPT:
A. Helicobacter pylori infection
B. Radiation injury
C. Granulomatous diseases
D. Autoimmune reactions
E. Salmonella infections
ANSWER: E
All of the following complications may be found in chronic peptic ulcer,
EXCEPT:
A. Perforation
B. Bleeding
C. Malformation
D. Penetration
E. Caseation
ANSWER: E
Clinically, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is characterized by all of
the following, EXCEPT:
A. Normal weight
B. Anti-islet cell antibodies in the serum
C. Ketoacidosis
D. Decreased blood insulin level
E. Normal or increased blood insulin level
ANSWER: E
Clinically non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is characterized by all of
the following , EXCEPT:
A. Obesity
B. Absence of anti-islet-cell antibodies
C. Absence of ketoacidosis
D. Normal or increased blood insulin level
E. Decreased blood insulin level
ANSWER: E
Secondary diabetes may accompany all of the following diseases, EXCEPT:
A. Cytomegalovirus infection
B. Down syndrome
C. Pituitary tumors
D. Adrenal endocrinopathy
E. Bacterial infection
ANSWER: E
The causes of morbidity and death from diabetes are the long-term
complications developing in all of the following organs, EXCEPT:
A. Blood vessels
B. Kidneys
C. Eyes
D. Nerves
E. Liver
ANSWER: E
Diabetic nephropathy is microscopically characterized by all of the
following, EXCEPT:
A. Diffuse glomerulosclerosis
B. Diffuse increase of the mesangial matrix
C. Mesangial cell proliferation
D. Basement membrane thickening
E. Amyloid masses within mesangial matrix
ANSWER: E
Diabetic microangiopathy is most evident in the capillaries of all of the
following organs, EXCEPT:
A. Skin
B. Sceletal muscle
C. Retina (eye)
D. Kidney
E. Liver
ANSWER: E
Diabetic microangiopathy may be seen in all of the following internal organs,
EXCEPT:
A. Kidney
B. Brain
C. Skin
D. Lung
E. Lens
ANSWER: E
Type I diabetes is clinically characterized by all of the following features,
EXCEPT:
A. Polyphagia
B. Poliuria
C. Weight loss
D. Polydipsia
E. Obesity
ANSWER: E
The pheochromocytoma may be associated with all of the following clinical
symptoms, EXCEPT:
A. Tachycardia
B. Headache
C. Sweating
D. Tremor
E. Hyperpigmentation of the skin
ANSWER: E
Pituitary adenomas include all of the following variants, EXCEPT:
A. Growth hormone cell adenoma
B. Prolactin cell adenoma
C. ACTH cell adenoma
D. TSH cell adenoma
E. Catecholamine cell adenoma
ANSWER: E
Hypothyroidism may be caused by all of the following disorders, EXCEPT:
A. Hashimoto thyroiditis
B. Immune block of TSH receptors
C. Iodine deficiency
D. Pituitary lesions reducing TSH secretion
E. Diffuse hyperplasia of thyroid in Graves disease
ANSWER: E
Lobar pneumonia – in 95 % cases
A. streptococcus
B. staphylococcus
C. chlamydiae
D. coli bacteria
E. Franklyn’s pneumococcus
ANSWER: E
At croupous pneumonia
A. black
B. red
C. yellow
D. grey
E. ferruginous
ANSWER: E
is caused by:
in the red hepatization color of sputum is:
Pulmonary complications of croupous pneumonia can be:
A. pneumofibrosis
B. acute bronchitis
C. fibrous alveolitis
D. meningitis
E. carnification
ANSWER: E
Extrapulmonary complication of croupous pneumonia can be:
A. abscess of the lung
B. empyema of pleura
C. gangrene of the lung
D. bronchitis
E. meningitis
ANSWER: E
Extrapulmonary complication of croupous pneumonia can be:
A. abscess of the lung
B. empyema of pleura
C. gangrene of the lung
D. carnification
E. peritonitis
ANSWER: E
Acute bacterial infection of an entire lobe is often referred to as which of
the following:
A. Bronchopneumonia
B. Emphysema
C. Tuberculosis
D. Bronchial asthma
E. Lobar pneumonia
ANSWER: E
The stages of lobar pneumonia include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. Congestion
B. Red hepatization
C. Grey hepatization
D. Resolution
E. Yellow hepatization
ANSWER: E
Exudate in lobar pneumonia may consist of all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. Fibrin
B. Neutrophils
C. Erythrocytes
D. Macrophages
E. Plasma cells
ANSWER: E
Complications of pneumonia include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. Abscess formation
B. Empyema
C. Organization of the exudate
D. Bacteremic dissemination
E. Thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery
ANSWER: E
The most characteristic feature of viral pneumonia is which of the following:
A. Presence of acute suppurative inflammation
B. Emphysema formation
C. Coalescent granulomas formation
D. Suppurative destruction of the lung parenchyma
E. The interstitial nature of the inflammatory reaction
ANSWER: E
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is characterized by all of the following features,
EXCEPT:
A. Aerobic
B. Non-spore-forming
C. Nonmotile
D. Red colored in acid-fast staining
E. Pili-forming
ANSWER: E
Complications of tuberculosis osteomyelitis include all of the following,
EXCEPT:
A. Tuberculosis arthritis
B. Sinus tract formation
C. Cold abscess formation
D. Amyloidosis
E. Caseation in the lung
ANSWER: E
The liver may be affected in which of the following forms of tuberculosis:
A. Secondary tuberculosis
B. Cavernous fibrocaseous tuberculosis
C. Dormant tuberculosis
D. Primary tuberculosis complex
E. Miliary tuberculosis
ANSWER: E
The intestine may be affected in which of the following forms of
tuberculosis:
A. Secondary tuberculosis
B. Cavernous fibrocaseous tuberculosis
C. Dormant tuberculosis
D. Miliary tuberculosis
E. Primary tuberculosis complex
ANSWER: E
Healed lesions in primary tuberculosis include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. Fibrous incapsulation
B. Fibrocalcific scar
C. Foci of ossification
D. Focal pleural adhesions
E. Caseous pneumonia
ANSWER: E
Caseating destructive secondary tuberculosis includes all of the following
lesions, EXCEPT:
A. Caseation in the lung
B. Cavities in the lung
C. Caseation in the lung lymph nodes
D. Extrapulmonary caseation
E. Miliary extrapulmonary lesions
ANSWER: E
Primary complex in tuberculosis may directly transform in all of the
following pathologic conditions, EXCEPT:
A. Fibrocalcific scars
B. Latent pulmonary lesions
C. Latent extrapulmonary lesions
D. Progressive primary tuberculosis
E. Miliary tuberculosis
ANSWER: E
Tuberculous salpingitis can be found in which of the following forms of
tuberculosis:
A. Secondary tuberculosis
B. Cavernous fibrocaseous tuberculosis
C. Dormant lesions
D. Primary tuberculosis
E. Miliary tuberculosis
ANSWER: E
The cells playing the most important role in chronic tuberculous inflammation
are which of the following:
A. Leukocytes
B. Eosinophils
C. Erythrocytes
D. Plasma cells
E. Macrophages
ANSWER: E
The granuloma in tuberculosis is composed predominantly of which of the
following cells:
A. Fibroblasts
B. Eosinophils
C. Plasma cells
D. Neutrophils
E. Epithelioid cells
ANSWER: E
The miliary lung tuberculosis is characterized by which type of inflammation:
A. Serous
B. Fibrinous
C. Suppurative
D. Hemorrhagic
E. Granulomatous
ANSWER: E
Most forms of chronic renal failure produce increased serum levels of all of
the following substances, EXCEPT:
A. Aldosterone
B. Phosphate
C. Parathormone
D. Renin
E. Calcium
ANSWER: E
Uremia is associated with all of the following abnormalities, EXCEPT:
A. Peripheral neuropathy
B. Gastritis
C. Pericarditis
D. Diffuse alveolar damage
E. Polycythemia
ANSWER: E
Glomerular injury caused by circulating complexes occurs in all of the
following disorders, EXCEPT:
A. Syphilis
B. Goodpasture's syndrome
C. Hepatitis B
D. Systemic lupus erythematosus
E. Lung cancer
ANSWER: E
The factor least likely to cause acute pyelonephritis is which of the
following:
A. Pregnancy
B. Nephrolithiasis
C. Catheterization of the bladder
D. Prostatic hypertrophy
E. Septicemia
ANSWER: E
Mesangial cells can be characterized by all of the following properties,
EXCEPT:
A. Ingestion of macromolecules
B. Connection with Lacis cells
C. Ability to contract
D. Production of basement membrane proteins
E. Production of renin
ANSWER: E
Immunologicaly mediated glomerulonephritis all of the following cells
contribute to the glomerular injury, EXCEPT:
A. Macrophages
B. Platelets
C. Neutrophils
D. Mesangial cells
E. Mast cells
ANSWER: E
Renal diseases producing systemic hypertension include all of the following,
EXCEPT:
A. Acute glomerulonephritis
B. Chronic glomerulonephritis
C. Chronic pyelonephritis
D. Renal vasculitis
E. Renal amyloidosis
ANSWER: E
Histologic features of malignant nephrosclerosis include all of the
following, EXCEPT:
A. Fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles
B. Medial thickening of arterioles
C. Renal artery thrombosis
D. Focal renal parenchymal infarction
E. Fibromuscular dysplasia of the renal artery
ANSWER: E
Hematuria is a characteristic clinical feature of all of the following
diseases, EXCEPT:
A. Glomerulonephritis
B. Nephrolithiasis
C. Renal cell carcinoma
D. Bladder papilloma
E. Malakoplakia
ANSWER: E
Ultrastructural changes in children primary nephrotie syndrome involve which
of the following glomerular elements:
A. Endothelium
B. Mesangium
C. Bloodvessels
D. Basement membrane
E. Podocytes
ANSWER: E
All of the following clinical features are likely to be found in nephrotic
syndrome, EXCEPT:
A. Proteinuria
B. Hypoalbuminemia
C. Hyperlipidemia
D. Edema
E. Hematuria
ANSWER: E
The defect of interventricular septum belongs to:
A. fetopathy
B. pathologies of placenta
C. birth trauma
D. perinatal pathology
E. embryopathy
ANSWER: E
The Fallot's triad (defect of interventricular septum, stenosis of pulmonary
artery, hypertrophy of right ventricle) belongs to:
A. fetopathy
B. pathology of placenta
C. birth trauma
D. perinatal pathology
E. embryopathy
ANSWER: E
Agenesis of kidneys belongs to:
A. fetopathy
B. perinatal pathology
C. birth trauma
D. pathology of placenta
E. embryopathy
ANSWER: E
Renal hypoplasia belongs to:
A. fetopathy
B. perinatal pathology
C. birth trauma
D. pathology of placenta
E. embryopathy
ANSWER: E
Renal dysplasia belongs to:
A. fetopathy
B. perinatal pathology
C. birth trauma
D. pathology of placenta
E. embryopathy
ANSWER: E
Cysts of lungs belong to:
A. perinatal pathology
B. birth trauma
C. pathology of placenta
D. embryopathy
E. fetopathy
ANSWER: E
Innate emphysema belongs to:
A. perinatal pathology
B. birth trauma
C. pathology of placenta
D. embryopathy
E. fetopathy
ANSWER: E
Dysplastic acetabulum belongs to:
A. embryopathy
B. perinatal pathology
C. birth trauma
D. pathology of placenta
E. fetopathy
ANSWER: E
Polydactyly is multiplying the number of fingers, belongs to:
A. embryopathy
B. perinatal pathology
C. birth trauma
D. pathology of placenta
E. fetopathy
ANSWER: E
The system hypoplasia
A. embryopathy
of muscular system
belongs to:
B. perinatal pathology
C. birth trauma
D. pathology of placenta
E. fetopathy
ANSWER: E
Fetopathy
A. from 71
B. from 73
C. from 74
D. from 75
E. from 72
ANSWER: E
has
for
for
for
for
for
a period from:
280 day
280 day
280 day
280 day
280 day