European Conferences and Forum for Integrated Coastal
Management and Geo-Information Research
Training Course
Geo-spatial Technologies
Aberdeen (UK), July 23rd – 28th 2007
Abstract Booklet
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
PLEASE NOTE THAT NOT ALL ABSTRACTS ARE AVAILABLE AT THE TIME OF PRINTING THIS
DOCUMENT – IF RECEIVED THESE WILL BE DISTRIBUTED AT THE WORKSHOP
(DRG – UoA – 20th July 2007)
Programme of the day:
23rd July 2007
Arrival and registration
Opening session
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Welcome to Aberdeen and Training Workshop (David R. Green – UoA)
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The ECO-IMAGINE initiative (Emanuele Roccatagliata – GISIG)
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An Overview of the Workshop Programme (David R. Green – UoA)
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A Visual Overview of the Proposed Study Area of Aberdeen Bay (David R. Green – UoA)
ESRI Award Session
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Presentations by the proposers
Opening session
Welcome to Aberdeen and Training Workshop
David R. Green
University of Aberdeen (UK)
Welcome to the Eco-Imagine Workshop at the AECC in Aberdeen, Scotland, UK by the
Workshop Organisers.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------David R. Green
Director CMCZM and MCRM, Associate AICSM
Centre for Marine and Coastal Zone Management (CMCZM)
Department of Geography and Environment
University of Aberdeen, St. Marys, Elphinstone Road
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Aberdeen, AB24 3UF, Scotland, UK
Tel. +44 01224 272324
Fax. +44 01224 272331
Email. d.r.green@abdn.ac.uk
Internet. www.abdn.ac.uk/cmczm | www.abdn.ac.uk/mcrm | www.abdn.ac.uk/aicsm
The ECO-IMAGINE initiative
Emanuele Roccatagliata
GISIG – Geographical Information Systems International Group (IT)
The presentation offers a snapshot on the state-of-the-art of the project ECO-IMAGINE that is
going to end this year with this training course in Aberdeen and the final conference in Genoa,
next November.
Some figures about the development so far are given, of which the most significant is the
number of Marie Curie grants assigned that is the key evaluation criterion in this kind of
project. They are 247 grants to researchers (of which 183 early-stage researchers) coming
from 19 European countries and 16 different third countries (from North and South America,
Africa and Asia).
Launched in 2004, the project will conclude at the end of 2007 after the scheduling of 8 events
on “Coastal Governance, Planning, Design”, “the Waterfront Management”, “Building Coastal
Knowledge” and “Geospatial Technologies” held in 6 different countries (Spain, Italy, Portugal,
France, Ireland and United Kingdom).
Though ECO-IMAGINE is almost in its final stage, the development process is not going to an
end because the project can be considered as a contribution, by the whole project partnership,
to the Thematic Network ICAM-GI from which the project was originated and to the Spatial
Data Interest Community (SDIC) GI-CLAN "Geo-Information Community in Coastal
LANdscape", promoted upon a call of INSPIRE.
The background (partnership and European context, structure) of ECO-IMAGINE is shortly
reminded as a factual contribution to activate a better link between the coastal and the GI
communities and to offer them a meeting point (not only in conferences and in training
courses like this one, but as well on the web). Moreover a synopsis of the project timetable is
offered.
More in detail, a general overview of the training course sessions is given together with the
presentation of the ESRI Award, the list of the projects and the posters in competition and the
voting procedures.
The aim of the speech is to deliver to the convened researchers a key to better exploit the
training course in view of the everyday research work as well as of the possible opportunities
that it could trigger.An Overview of the Workshop Programme
David R. Green
University of Aberdeen (UK)
A brief introduction to the 6-Day GISIG Training Workshop hosted by the University if
Aberdeen and the AECC will be given by the workshop organiser, David R. Green, including: an
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overview of the theme of the workshop programme, some general organisational and staffing
arrangements, and some AECC venue housekeeping.
A Visual Overview of the Proposed Study Area of Aberdeen Bay
David R. Green
University of Aberdeen (UK)
A brief interactive overview of the study area will be provided with the aid of Google Earth
(GE) to provide workshop participants with a visual summary tour of the proposed study area
of the North East Coastline of Scotland. A copy of a book chapter on the area will also be
provided as general reading as the basis for some subsequent presentations (e.g. Professor
Alastair Dawson, AICSM), and the fieldtrip along the coast north of Aberdeen encompassing
Aberdeen Bay.
ESRI Award session
Presentations by the proposers
1. Knowing the coastal landforms, using GI, to know the coast
António Alves da Silva, Organisation IGP- The Portuguese Geographic Institute, (PT)
2. Mediterranean landscape of Porto Venere: guidelines for the sustainable development of
tourism in a coastal landscape in continuous development
Patrizia Burlando, University of Genoa, Section Landscape, (IT)
3. Towards a Planning Support Systems design working framework: the Sardinian ICZM case
study
Michele Campagna, University of Cagliari, Department of Land Engineering, (IT)
4. GIS for planning, navigation acquisition and visualization of results for the study of
chemical munition dumpsites in the Baltic Sea
1. Natalia Goncharova, Atlantic Branch of P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian
Academy of Science, (UK)
5. Mediterranean Coastal Landscape and Sustainable Tourism Development between Study
and Evaluation Case Study: Genoa –Sharm El-Sheikh
Heba Hussein Mohamed, Cairo University, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture Department
Research Centre, (EG)
6. The Geographical Information Systems and Mining Risk Management
Inmaculada Martinez Alba, University of Seville, Department of Human Geography, (ES)
7. Regional vulnerability analysis to storm impacts in the Catalan coast
E. Tonatiuh Mendoza Ponce, Universidad Politecnica de Catalunya, (ES)
Out of competition
8. Modelling Critical Coastal Ecosystems. A Study on the Marine Turtle Nesting Habitats in the
Mediterranean
Nima Moin, ITC International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation,
(NL)
Out of competition
9. Prediction of ENSO signal recorded in the selected geophysical data
Tomasz Niedzielski, Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences & University of
Wroclaw, (PL)
10. The Use of Earth Observation in Monitoring the Dynamics of Morecambe Bay Saltmarsh
Distribution and Extent (MARSH)
Brian O'Connor, University College Cork, Coastal and Marine Resources Centre (CMRC),
(IE)
11. FURBS: Sustainable urban form - Methodological Approach for Portugal
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Rui Miguel Pinto Papudo, IGP - Geographic Portuguese Institute, (PT)
12. Integrated Coastal Zone Management of East Mediterranean Coastlines: Northern Lebanon
Francesca Santoro, International Marine Centre Foundation, (IT)
Programme of the day:
24th July 2007
Session 1 – The Contextual Setting: The Study Area, an introduction to ICZM
and Marine Spatial Planning (MSP), Local Coastal Management Initiatives,
Data Gathering, and Mapping
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Features of the Aberdeenshire Coastline (Alastair Dawson and William Ritchie – AICSM)
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An Introduction to ICZM - The 8 ICZM Principles ( Margaret Carlisle – UoA )
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How do You Solve a Problem Like the Coastline? (Rona Fairgrieve – SCF)
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The Potential for Marine Spatial Planning (Ian Hay – EGCP)
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The Aberdeen Offshore Windfarm – Progress to Date (Ian Todd – AREG)
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Marine Digimap and the SeaZone Data (Tim Riley (EDINA)
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Your Mobile Field Toolkit (George Ritchie – Positioning Resources Limited)
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Turning Data into Information: Tips for Effective Visualization (Ken Field – Kingston
University)
The Study Area – Fieldtrip along the coastline around Aberdeen to provide a
visual overview of the study area
A local fieldtrip along the coastline of NE Scotland to Balmedie, Sands of Forvie (David R.
Green (UoA), Alastair Dawson (AICSM), Stewart Angus (SNH), George Ritchie (Positioning
Resources), and Annabelle Drysdale (SNH).
Session 1 – The Contextual Setting: Defining the Problem, The Study Area, an
introduction to ICZM and Marine Spatial Planning, Local Coastal Management
Initiatives
Features of the Aberdeenshire Coastline
Alastair Dawson and William Ritchie
AICSM (UK)
The geomorphology of the Aberdeenshire coastline was largely influenced by the legacy of the
last (Late Quaternary) ice sheet. Upon melting of the ice, the vertical rebound of the land
surface combined with rising sea levels to produce raised shorelines at the coast. Due to the
differential vertical recovery of the land surface the raised beaches occur at different altitudes
in different areas – generally declining in altitude from south to north. Whereas the raised
beach cliffline near Aberdeen is in the order of 12-15 m above sea level, the same abandoned
cliffline at Peterhead and St Fergus presently occurs just above present sea level.
Superimposed upon the raised marine sediments are accumulations of vegetated blown sand.
The oldest dune fields are in the order of ca. 8000 years old while the youngest dunes are the
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most extensive and started to form near the beginning of the 15 th century. At present, winter
North Atlantic storminess is generally associated with southerly gales. These winds are crucial
in the evolution of the coastal dunes. They winds also act in conjunction with a south to north
longshore drift to transport sediment along the coastline. The coastline is presently
experiencing some localised problems due to accelerated erosion – mostly due to the effects of
winter storminess rather than to a rise in relative sea level – currently estimated at +1mm/yr.
An Introduction to ICZM - The 8 ICZM Principles
Margaret Carlisle
University of Aberdeen (UK)
The eight EU principles of ICZM are described in detail, these being:
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Holistic perspective
Long-term perspective
Adaptive management
Local specificity
Working with natural processes
Participatory planning
Involvement of relevant administrative bodies
Use of a combination of instruments
How do you solve a problem like the coastline?
Rona Fairgrieve
Scottish Coastal Forum (SCF) (UK)
It has been over a decade since the Scottish Coastal Forum was established, at Ministerial
invitation, to act as the national focus for Scotland’s coastal issues. Over the years, the SCF
has seen its national counterparts in England and Wales come and go. It has witnessed and
participated in Executive initiatives such as AGMACS (Advisory Group on Marine & Coastal
Strategy) and the Holyrood Marine Environment Inquiry, making the case for a more
integrated governmental approach in pursuit of integrated coastal management. It has seen
the emergence of new buzzwords and concepts, such as ‘Marine Spatial Planning’ and
‘Sustainable Development’, overtake the concept of Integrated Coastal Zone Management,
which itself was novel and ill-understood when the SCF was first created. It has seen ICZM
become an accepted element of Sustainable Development and recently witnessed both the
SNP Executive and the European Commission agree that Marine Spatial Planning is a tool by
which ICZM can be delivered.
Now, the Coastal Forum looks forward to the development of policies within Scotland that
address the many different, competing and sometimes conflicting uses made of our coastal
resources whether they are animal, vegetable, mineral, meteorological or oceanographic. We
offer some thoughts about the past, present and, possibly, the future for aquaculture and
other interests with a stake in Scotland’s coastal zone.
The Potential for Marine Spatial planning in the East Grampian Coast
Ian Hay
East Grampian Coastal Partnership (EGCP) (UK)
The development of Marine Spatial Planning as a tool for delivering Marine and Coastal
Management is presently high on the agenda at a European, British and Scottish. This has
been demonstrated by the Planned DEFRA Marine Bill and the work of the Advisory Group on
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Marine and Coastal Strategy carried out under the previous Scottish administration.
Marine Spatial Planning can be seen in a number of ways when covering the coastal area. It
can be seen as being a top down strategic instrument, however the need for local involvement
and buy-in is also important.
This presentation will examine the possible ways that a local coastal partnership can act as an
important delivery mechanism for Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) by linking local stakeholders
and a Statutory Marine Management Organisation using the potential development of a
Windfarm in Aberdeen Bay as a case study.
Aberdeen Offshore Wind Farm - Progress to Date
Ian Todd
AREG (UK)
The Aberdeen offshore wind farm is an exciting project being developed jointly by the
Aberdeen Renewable Energy Group (AREG) and AMEC Wind. Its objective is to supply most of
the domestic electricity needs of the city of Aberdeen from renewable sources. In May 2005
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the developers submitted to the Scottish Executive its Scoping Report – which set out a 2-3
year plan of feasibility studies, planned to lead to the formal Consent Application to the
Executive in due course. These feasibility studies are now well-advanced, and progress will be
reported in this paper. It is anticipated that an application for consent will be made mid-2008.
Marine Digimap and the SeaZone Data
Tim Riley
EDINA (UK)
EDINA Digimap is an established on-line service delivering maps and data from Ordnance
Survey GB, British Geological Survey and Landmark Information Group (historical OS maps) to
UK Higher and Further Education. The service is now being extended to include marine data
from SeaZone Solutions Ltd, so will provide a broad selection of key base datasets for those
working in the coastal zone.
Marine Digimap will include a Map Viewer, allowing users to browse, pan, zoom and print
SeaZone Charted Raster maps from their web browser and a data download interface providing
GeoTiff Charted Raster data and SeaZone Hydrospatial vector data in Shapefile and MapInfo
TAB formats, for onward use in GIS.
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Your Mobile Field Toolkit
George Ritchie
Positioning Resources Ltd (UK)
With the advance of digital technologies, there has never been a time where there have been
so many alternatives to the paper map and pencil. This talk will outline the various alternatives
available to the Field User – the handheld technology that captures the information – Pocket
PCs and Tablet PCs; the technology that allows users to locate themselves in the real world –
GPS and Laser Rangefinders; and the Software that allows the user the flexibility to capture
and attribute feature information. The various advantages and disadvantages will be explored
throughout the talk in order to help field users gauge the options available.
Turning Data into Information: Tips for Effective Visualization
Ken Field
Kingston University (UK)
The session will explore the rationale for effective visualisation and the communication of
spatial information. It will provide an insight into some of the fundamental cartographic
techniques that can be used in a GIS to improve map making. Static, two dimensional
mapping techniques are covered along with techniques for rendering mapped data in 3
dimensions as drapes and the creation of animations. Examples will be drawn from general
mapping as well as hydrological and coastal environments.
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Session 2 - The Study Area – Fieldtrip along the coastline around Aberdeen to
provide a visual overview of the study area
David R. Green1, Alastair Dawson3, Stewart Angus2, George Ritchie3, Annabelle
Drysdale2
UoA (UK), 2SNH (UK), 3AICSM (UK)
1
A local fieldtrip along the coastline of NE Scotland to Balmedie, Sands of Forvie (David R.
Green (UoA), Alastair Dawson (AICSM), Stewart Angus (SNH), George Ritchie (Positioning
Resources), and Annabelle Drysdale (SNH).
Courtesy of Multimap
Courtesy of Multimap
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Programme of the day:
25th July 2007
Session 3 – Part 1: Spatial Datasets, Metadata Monitoring, Mapping and
Visualisation
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Geospatial data - more is less! (Seppe Cassettari – Geoinformation Group)
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Metadata and GoGeo (Tony Mathys – EDINA)
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Aberdeen Beach Coastal Monitoring Project (ABCoMP) (Amy Taylor – UoA)
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Remote Sensing and GIS in SNH (Stewart Angus - SNH)
Session 3 – Part 2: An Introduction to Data Modelling and Virtual Reality
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The ESRI Marine DATA Model – TBA
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Data Modelling for Use Conflict Analysis and Evaluation of Human Impacts (Margaret
Carlisle – UoA)
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Simple Virtual Reality Simulations (Margaret Carlisle – UoA)
Practical Workshop
Hands-on workshop using ArcView and related geospatial technologies to develop a GIS
application for the study area to consider the proposed siting of an Offshore Windfarm in
Aberdeen Bay
(Margaret Carlisle, David R. Green, and Guillaume De La Fons - UoA)
Session 3 – Part 1: Spatial Datasets, Data Infrastructures, Metadata
Monitoring, Mapping and Visualisation
Geospatial data - more is less!
Seppe Cassettari
Geoinformation Group (UK)
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Over the past few years the range and efficiency of data capture devices has increased
significantly - digital aerial survey cameras, lidar sensors, GPS total stations - so more
organisations have invested in the collection of 'primary' geospatial data, at better resolutions
and greater frequency.
At the same time the cost of processing the data has reduced and users find they often have
a number of datasets from which to chose, and so price often becomes the key determinate in
the absence of a real technical understanding of the merits and weaknesses of a particular
dataset. The current boom in oblique aerial imagery is a case in point.
But we all need to be aware that collecting more and more data does not necessarily mean we
have more information and/or a better understanding of what it is telling us.
Users need to increase their understanding and awareness of these different data types, how
they are created and what it means if we start to derive more value added information from
them.
Go-Geo!: portal and metadata resources for maintaining spatial data
in UK academia
Tony Mathys
EDINA (UK)
Go-Geo! is part of an initiative directed towards establishing a Spatial Data Infrastructure
(SDI) for UK academia. Under the Go-Geo! banner, EDINA (University of Edinburgh), has
developed a set of resources to support spatial data sharing and management; they are also
intended for maintaining data for long-term preservation and reuse. Resources available to UK
academia include the Go-Geo! portal, an on-line resource discovery tool for spatial data and
GI-related resources existing within UK academia; UK AGMAP, an ISO 19115-compliant
metadata application profile; UK AGMAP guidelines for reference; and, the Go-Geo! Metadata
editor tool, an online resource for metadata creation.
The presentation also provides an overview of strategies employed to support and promote
metadata creation and publication of metadata records on the Go-Geo! portal. These activities
will be summarised and include a report on the results of metadata workshops and local data
management schemes as part of efforts to encourage metadata creation. There will also be a
review of a spatial data audit conducted at four academic institutions and a summary of a
spatial data repository feasibility study project (GRADE).
Aberdeen Beach Coastal Monitoring Project (ABCoMP)
Amy Taylor
University of Aberdeen (UK)
Aberdeen Beach is extremely important to the City of Aberdeen, both in terms of its function
within the Aberdeen coastal defence system and in terms of its aesthetic and leisure value. In
July 2006 work began on new coastal defence works involving beach nourishment and new Thead rock groynes. In June 2006 the Aberdeen Beach Coastal Monitoring Project (ABCoMP)
was established to initiate a long-term monitoring system to measure beach levels and coastal
processes at Aberdeen Beach.
The first stage of ABCoMP involved the design and
implementation of land-based surveys using real time kinematic (RTK) Global Positioning
System (GPS) equipment. Surveys are conducted approximately every 2 weeks and provide a
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rich dataset representing beach dynamics. An overview of the coastal defence works will be
provided, followed by short presentation explaining the GPS survey technique.
Remote
Sensing and GIS in SNH
Stewart Angus
SNH (UK)
SNH has led a partnership programme of data capture of low-lying coastal habitats in the
Inner and Outer Hebrides, using 1m LiDAR, 1m CASI and 25cm aerial photography. Initial
analyses and visualisations have already yielded new information, but further analyses and
feasibility studies are required to ensure the maximum use of the datasets, particularly with
regard to planning for climate change. The context for this work is described. Policies for data
release are discussed, together with requirements for future work.
Session 3 – Part 2: An Introduction to Data Modelling, Spatial Analysis, and
Virtual Reality
The ESRI Marine Data Model
To be handed out at the Workshop
Data Modelling for Use Conflict Analysis and Evaluation of Human
Impacts
Margaret Carlisle
University of Aberdeen (UK)
Coastal zone managers, particularly those involved directly with planning decisions, have to
manage conflicting stakeholder uses of an area. Often one of the sources of conflict is in the
evaluation of the impacts of human activities. This paper provides examples of the most
commonly used and basic techniques in use-conflict analysis and human impact evaluation,
including SWOT analysis and EIA (environmental impact assessment). Subsequently there is a
more detailed examination of the less commonly used technique of data modelling, with
examples of the use of surrogate data, experiential knowledge and pairwise comparison.
Simple Virtual Reality Simulations
Margaret Carlisle
University of Aberdeen (UK)
Virtual reality simulations, from simple panoramas and animations to fully realised 3D
buildings and structures in a true 3D environment, are becoming increasingly common as a
tool for communication, education and stakeholder interaction, due to the tools for
constructing VR simulations becoming more accessible over the past decade. For a simulation
to be legitimately termed virtual reality (VR) it must achieve a reasonable level of at least one
of the following three factors: dynamism, and graphic realism. This paper presents seven
examples of simple VR, including Google Earth, Virtual Earth, Virtual Reality Modelling
Language (VRML), time series animation and 360 panoramas. It concludes that there are VR
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options to suit every combination of data availability, finance availability and technical
expertise.
Session 4 - Practical Workshop
Hands-on workshop using ArcView and related geospatial technologies
to develop a GIS application for the study area to consider the
proposed siting of an Offshore Windfarm in Aberdeen Bay
Margaret Carlisle, David R. Green and Guillaume De La Fons
University of Aberdeen (UK)
To be handed out at the Workshop
Programme of the day:
26th July 2007
Morning – Stakeholders, PPGIS, and Virtual Reality – Margaret Carlisle,
David R. Green, and Guillaume De La Fons
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Participatory Planning in Baile Sear, North Uist – Margaret Carlisle (UoA)
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The COREPOINT Project – Media Information Resource Service (MIRS) and Coastal Zone
Youth Club (CZYC) – Involving the Public in Coastal Education – David R. Green and
Guillaume De La Fons (UoA)
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YthanView: Constructing Coastal Fieldtrips Using Geospatial Technologies, VRML, and
Google Earth - David R. Green, Kate Bojar, and Joanna Mouatt (UoA)
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Coastal Change in Scotland: A Study Using GPS, Photogrammetry and GIS - David R.
Green, A. Taylor, C. Gomez, A.Dawson, R. Wright, and W. Ritchie (UoA)
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Using Visual Tools to Help Meet the Challenges Presented by Coastal Developments –
Gareth Davies (Aquatera, Scotland)
Afternoon – Site Visit to the Macaulay Institute – Landscape Visualisation
Theatre – David R. Green, David Miller, and Jonathan Ball (Macaulay
Institute)
Morning – Stakeholders, PPGIS, and Virtual Reality – Margaret Carlisle,
David R. Green, and Guillaume De La Fons
Participatory Planning in Baile Sear, North Uist
Margaret Carlisle
University of Aberdeen (UK)
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This paper describes an assessment of the services provided by the coastal environment of
Baile Sear, North Uist, as well as an assessment of the risks faced by this environment. The
selected area was split into a number of biomes, and a list of services provided and potential
threats for each biome were developed after stakeholder consultation in July 2006. The
approach proved useful at comparing services with a very high ‘existence’ value, such as
conservation, with services with a more standard economic measure, such as agriculture. This
provides a useful tool for further stakeholder discussion and for environmental education. The
approach also enabled simulating the effect of management decisions, and as such provided
the Baile Sear stakeholders and ICZM managers with new insight into management strategies.
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The COREPOINT Project – Media Information Resource Service (MIRS)
and Coastal Zone Youth Club (CZYC) – Involving the Public in Coastal
Education
David R. Green and Guillaume De La Fons
University of Aberdeen (UK)
The Media Information Resource System (MIRS) and the Coastal Zone Youth Club (CZYC) are
both part of the COREPOINT Project funded by Interreg 3B (Europe). The aims of these two
projects are to provide information about the coastal and marine environment in North-West
Europe using Internet technology. Many websites provide information for the professional but
relatively few for other categories of end-users. MIRS will be a web-based framework for
media information targeted at Journalists whilst the CZYC is a website for accessing
educational information (at the primary, secondary and higher education level). In the
development of these types of information systems it is necessary to ask end-users about their
requirements. It is important, for example, to ascertain how each end-user group searches for
information and to understand their needs. It is essential also to determine the pathway of the
end-user in their search for information, and thereby to assist them by designing and
providing a framework which aids the end-user in getting to the appropriate information in an
appropriate format. This needs to include reference to the interface presented and the aids
used to direct the end-user to the essential information in the desired format.
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YthanView:
Constructing
Coastal
Fieldtrips
Technologies, VRML, and Google Earth
Using
Geospatial
David R. Green, Kate Bojar, and Joanna Mouatt
University of Aberdeen (UK)
YthanView is a project designed to explore the potential of using remotely sensed imagery and
image processing, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), mobile technologies e.g. GPS, PDAs
and mobile phones, and various visualisation tools to develop simple online educational
fieldtrip tours of the Ythan estuary and the Sands of Forvie, 14 miles north of Aberdeen. Using
a combination of these geospatial technologies some examples of the potential for developing
online fieldtrips for the Marine and Coastal Resource Management (MCRM) Degree Programme
is outlined. This includes the use of GIS and VRML. A subsequent recent development of this
project utilised Google Earth (GE) as the basis to extend the potential to provide a means to
create a simple GIS environment for the creation of GIS-based fieldtrips for students, designed
to allow individuals to visit a study site prior to the real thing, or to supplement the curriculum.
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Coastal Change in Scotland: A Study Using GPS, Photogrammetry and
GIS
David R. Green, A. Taylor, C. Gomez, A.Dawson, R. Wright, and W. Ritchie
University of Aberdeen (UK)
A general overview is presented of a recent and ongoing research project currently funded by
Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) designed to examine the use of archival aerial photography as
a basis for deriving digital elevation models (DEMs) for coastal change studies around the
coast of Scotland. The presentation will outline the methodology used to derive DEMs for two
dates for seven beach areas around the coast of Scotland using the BAE Socetset, Erdas
Imagine 8.7, Global Mapper, and ArcGIS software, the generation of coastal change maps by
differencing the two DEMs for each area, and the subsequent creation of ‘flythroughs’
visualisations of the areas of positive (accretion), zero (no change), and negative (erosion)
change as a means of communicating coastal change to a wider audience. Potential limitations
of this methodology and future developments of the project will also be discussed.
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Using Visual Tools to Help Meet the Challenges Presented by Coastal
Developments
Gareth Davies
Aquatera (UK)
The intensity of commercial activity in the coastal zone and the expectations of agencies and
the public over stewardship of the coastal zone are ever increasing. Yet the level of general
understanding about coastal areas and the processes that affect them can still be rather poor.
There are a number of areas where visualisation can help people to understand processes and
interpret possible impacts. At a basic level being able to see shallow water topography at high
resolution alongside landward topography can be very helpful. Being able to interact with the
virtual environment allows one to examine what if scenarios. This functionality can also be
applied to underwater scenes as well as surface scenes. The final aim will be to integrate
together, high resolution data from above and below the sea surface with the ability to interact
flexibly with the scene and be able to show what conditions may be encountered on the basis
of modelling results. Then the challenge will have been met.
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Afternoon – Site Visit to the Macaulay Institute – Landscape Visualisation
Theatre – David R. Green, David Miller, and Jonathan Ball (Macaulay
Institute, UK)
To be handed out at the Workshop
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
Programme of the day:
27th July 2007
Session 5 – Practical Session, Questions and Discussion (Margaret Carlisle,
David R. Green, and Guillaume De La Fons - University of Aberdeen)
GI-INDEED Exercise Session
-
The GI-INDEED training project and its “coastal module” (Emanuele Roccatagliata GISIG)
-
Hands-on exercise on coastal datasets: individuation, analysis and web-publishing
(Valeria Granelli – ICCOPS and Paola Salmona – University of Genoa)
Practical Session, Questions and Discussion (Margaret Carlisle, David R.
Green, and Guillaume De La Fons - University of Aberdeen)
To be handed out at the Workshop
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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GI-INDEED Exercise Session
The GI-INDEED training project and its “coastal module”
Emanuele Roccatagliata
GISIG – Geographical Information Systems International Group (IT)
GI-INDEED is a Leonardo da Vinci training project, led by the Gaevle University (SE), and is
one of the first ones supported by EU and addressing vocational training on GIS and Spatial
Data Infrastructure. Its main reference is to the approach and provisions of the INSPIRE
Directive.
GI-INDEED groups partners from SE, IT, HU and SK to produce four training modules: two
basic (Web Services and Spatial Data Infrastructures) and two application oriented (SDI for
respectively protected areas and coastal area management).
The training content is delivered by means of an e-learning platform, and apart the running
project choice (i.e. Dokeos) it can be easily transferred to standard Content Management
Systems.
The training content is evaluated according to the ECVET (European Credit Vocational
Education and Training) classification to allow training self-planning (a course selector is
available on-line for autonomous evaluation) and easy compatibility with other training
content.
The aim of coastal module is to aggregate in a single context the i) introduction to principle,
criteria and practice of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) with the ii) basics of
implementation of SDI for coastal areas (characterisation of the problem in actual cases, data
selection and upload, project realisation) and best practice.
Once the trainee has got some confidence with both these themes the final part of the course
is intended to guide him/her to web-GIS data publication, possibly with its own data. The
creation of a “use-case” is regarded in fact as a very efficacious and motivating opportunity. At
this regard a demo portal is set up by the project where all the created cases can be archived
and exposed.
GI-INDEED is in its ending phase, with the forthcoming final release of the training modules,
but the future is open because the project is intended for the possible integration of its
modules with new training content created or managed by the project partnership and let
available to the external audience.
Hands-on exercise on Coastal Datasets: Individuation, Analysis and
Web-publishing
Paola Salmona1, Valeria Granelli2
University of Genoa (IT), 2ICCOPS – Landscape, Natural and Cultural Heritage Observatory
(IT)
1
When starting a project in a complex reality such as coastal area, it is essential to state clearly
its objectives, and define all project phases upon them. This is particularly relevant in ICAM,
22
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
where processes and methodologies specific of the different involved disciplines have to be
coordinated and integrated to achieve a common result.
In this view, the management of the information is an important step to ensure the efficiency
of any ICAM intervention. As a matter of fact, it is possible to collect a very large amount of
data about a coastal area, but it is also necessary to optimise their use. In particular, a few
rules should be followed:
2. to avoid unnecessary work - to exploit at its best existing materials before starting the
acquisition “ex novo”, to acquire only actually relevant information, etc.
3. to avoid gaps and overlapping in data collection – different disciplines might need some
common data or, on the contrary, might focus only on specific subjects, leaving apart
important general information
4. to share materials and results – all participants to the project should be able to access
data of general interest as well as they should share, along the whole process, the
achieved result, to ensure coordination among them and with the final objective.
Spatial Data Infrastructures are an essential tool to share and manage in the web geographical
information, either at the working level either as dissemination to the public. Web mapping is
becoming more and more important, not only as a way to view data, but also to coordinate
and integrate the different tasks in a project.
On these premises, this exercise is going to guide the participants, divided into small groups,
to choose, share and make accessible to the public some specific pieces of information.
A specific issue, part of a larger coastal project, will be assigned to each group, as well as a
category of users. Each group is expected to identify the data required to the development of
the assigned issue, keeping in mind that they will be used either by experts or by final users
and are due to be shared with the other groups.
Finally each group will be guided to share the identified relevant data by publishing them as a
Web Mapping Service (WMS) on a geoportal.
Programme of the day:
28th July 2007
Session 6 – Practical Session, Questions and Discussion (Margaret Carlisle,
David R. Green, and Guillaume De La Fons - University of Aberdeen)
ESRI Award Session
Results and awarding of prizes (Emanuele Roccatagliata - GISIG)
Closing Session
-
Course Wrap-up and GISIG & ICCOPS Farewell to Genova (Emanuele Roccatagliata –
GISIG)
-
Close & Departure (David R. Green – UoA)
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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Practical Session, Questions and Discussion (Margaret Carlisle, David R.
Green, and Guillaume De La Fons - University of Aberdeen)
To be handed out at the Workshop
Closing Session
Course Wrap-up and GISIG & ICCOPS Farewell to Genova
Emanuele Roccatagliata
GISIG – Geographical Information Systems International Group (IT)
A short summary and closing consideration of the event is tried, accompanying the synthesis
considerations already exposed by David R. Green. Moreover the first announcement of the
final conference is given, with indications of the process that will conduct to it (call for grants
and programme). Some preliminary indications on the content of the conference are given as
well.
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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Close & Departure
David R. Green
University of Aberdeen (UK)
A brief overall summary of the Aberdeen ECO-IMAGINE training workshop will be provided
together with conclusions prior to delegates departing.
ESRI AWARD
1. Index of the Posters:
1. Coastal Geomorphic Boundaries?...
António A. M. Alves da Silva, DSIGIG-Centre of Geographic Information Research &
Management, Environment Research Group, IGP-Portuguese Geographic Institute, (PT)
2. Towards a Planning Support Systems design working framework: the Sardinian ICZM case
study
Michele Campagna, Department of Land Engineering, University of Cagliari, (IT)
3. Quantifying the hydrological regime of coastal priority habitats with the use of GIS and
hydrologic models
Elias Dimitriou and Elias Moussoulis, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of
Inland Waters, (GR)
4. Monitoring Coastal Erosion in Andalusia, Spain
Fraile-Jurado P., Sánchez-Carnero N., Ojeda-Zújar P., University of Seville (ES)
5. The Problem of Cartographic Representation of Sea Levels in Digital Terrain Models
Fraile P., Sánchez-Carnero N., Ramírez-Torres A., Márquez-Pérez J., Grupo de Ordenación
del Litoral y Tecnologías de Información Territorial, University of Seville (ES)
6. Sustainable Development Indicators for Integrative Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in
the South-Eastern Baltic
Evgenia Gurova, Laboratory for Coastal Systems Study, Atlantic Branch of P.P. Shirshov
Institute of Oceanology, Kaliningrad (RU)
7. Mediterranean Coastal Landscape and Sustainable Tourism Development between study
and evaluation
Heba Hussein, Cairo University, Faculty of Engineering (EG)
8. Mapping and Preliminary Risk Assessment of Open Dumps: a Case Study for the Hellenic
Prefecture of Laconia
A. Karagiannidis, T. Tsatsarelis, I. Antonopoulos and A. Malamakis, Laboratory of Heat
Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aristotle
University of Thessaloniki (GR)
9. GIS Raster Modelling of Estuarine Evolution – Application to the Guadiana Estuary
Carlos Loureiro Ferreira & Tomasz Boski, CIMA, Centre for Marine and Environmental
Research, University of Algarve, (PT)
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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10. Bathymetry Data Integration and Visualisation of the Nazaré and Setúbal Canyons Offshore
Portugal
Morgado, A.1; Huvenne, V.A.I.2; and Lastras, G.2, 1 Portuguese Hydrographic Institute Marine Geology Division, Lisbon (PT), 2 National Oceanography Center, Southampton (UK)
11. Geo-Spatial Multi-criteria Analysis for Wave Energy System Deployment
Ana Nobre1, Miguel Pacheco1, Raquel Jorge2, Miguel Lopes2, Luís Gato2
1
Data Centre, Portuguese Hydrographic Institute, (PT), 2Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Technical University of Lisbon, (PT)
12. Meteo-Oceanographic Climatologic GIS
Ana Nobre, Data Centre, Portuguese Hydrographic Institute, (PT)
13. Hazard Assessment in Galé – Olhos de Água sea cliffs: a tool for coastal management
Mara Nunes1, Óscar Ferreira1, Martin Schaefer2, Julian Clifton3, Brian Baily2, 1CIMA, Centre
for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Algarve, (PT), 2 Department of
Geography, University of Portsmouth, (UK), 3 Institute for Regional Development,
University of Western Australia, (AU)
14. The Use of Earth Observation in Monitoring the Dynamics of Morecambe Bay Saltmarsh
Distribution and Extent (MARSH)
Brian O’ Connor, Coastal & Marine Resources Centre, University College Cork (IE)
15. Natural risk assessment in the Beachmed Project: the western ligurian coastline case study
Guido Paliaga, Laboratory of Applied Geomorphology, POLIS Department, University of
Genova, (IT)
16. Portuguese National Metadata Profile
Rui Miguel Papudo, Spatial Planning Research Group/ Geographic Portuguese Institute (PT)
17. Atlas of Maritime Europe. Marine Spatial System Planning
Ana Ramírez Torres, Ana Retuerta Cornejo, Inmaculada Martínez, Juan Luis Suárez de
Vivero, Department of Human Geography, University of Seville (ES)
18. The Geographical Information Systems and Mining Risk Management
Ana Ramírez Torres, Inmaculada Martínez, Noela Sánchez Carnero, Juan Luis Suárez de
Vivero, Department of Human Geography, University of Seville (ES)
19. Using GIS as a Key Toll for the Management of Marine Protected Areas (MPAS)
Sánchez-Carnero, N.1,2, Couñago, L.3, Fraile, P.1, Verísimo, P.3, Martínez, I.1, Muiño, R.2,
Freire, J.2 , 1. Grupo de Ordenación del Litoral y Tecnologías de Información Territorial,
University of Seville, (ES), 2. Grupo de Recursos Marinos y Pesquerías, University of A
Coruña (ES), 3. FISMARE, Innovación para la sostenibilidad S.L. (ES)
20. Development of a Methodology to Generate an Accurate Bathymetry in Very Shallow
Waters, Using Acoustical Methods and GIS
Sánchez-Carnero N.1,3, Garcia-Calvo B.2, Fraile P.3, Pallas A.2, Freire J.3, 1 University of A
Coruña (ES), 2 FISMARE, Innovación para la sostenibilidad S.L. (ES), 3 University of Seville
(ES)
21. Traditional Aquaculture Systems in Sierra Leone: - Potential for development of Inland
Aquaculture
S.K. Sankoh1, L. G. Ross1, M. L. Van Brakel2 and K. J. Rana1, 1 Aquaculture Systems Group
(Geographic Information Systems and Applied Physiology), Institute if Aquaculture,
University of Stirling. (UK), 2 Natural Resources Management, World Fish Center, (MY)
22. GIS Implementation for ICZM in the Mediterranean Coast of Egypt
1. M. Sanò1, P. Gonzalez-Riancho1, R. Medina1, M. Borhan2, 1Ocean & Coastal
Resarch Group, Universidad de Cantabria, (ES), 2Egyptian Environmental
Affairs Agency, (EG)Coastal Geomorphic Boundaries?...
António A. M. Alves da Silva
DSIGIG-Centre of Geographic Information Research & Management, Environment Research
Group, IGP-Portuguese Geographic Institute, (PT)
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
The answer to the question "which are the coastal boundaries?", is far from simple, but has a
huge importance to coastal management and its effectiveness. The coastal system is very
specific and very complex, and is conditioned by a set of factors that are decisive for his
evolution which are difficult to get and quantify.
The territory is the physical base that reflects that evolution first, and the coastal landforms
are the outcome of that evolution. Thus, if we can determine its typology and its boundaries,
we can get, at least, the range of evolution of the coastal landscape in the geomorphic point of
view. But it is also complex to do the mapping of such entities. GIS tools, supply the way to
build a 3D terrain model and this is the main tool used to achieve that goal, because it have
the altitude, the slope, the aspect, and one can project and digitalize other features in the 3D
model like the landcover, soil type, litology... This reasoning leads to a set of ranges of terrain
feature parameters variations, that are able to be related to a specific Coastal Landform (e.g.
the slope of sea-cliffs is over 10-15º, rarely have vegetation or soil, or more than 50m of
altitude...). So, it is possible to establish several classes of variation and probabilities for each
coastal landform. The oriented overlaying of this geographic information (GI) could lead to an
identification (positive or negative) of a coastal landform.
The active coastal landforms are those that evolve by current coastal geomorphic processes,
and in this way, if they are well delimited, we will be able to have a good approach of the
limits of the coast. Within the GIS environment, if we have a good cartographic support, it is
possible to do spatial analysis that can show the geomorphic properties of the shoreline at
different levels of the seawater. This allows the study, not only the sea level oscillations and
coastal evolution, but also the definition and classification of hazard zones for risk analysis and
to plan soil occupation classes, between other utilities linked to ICM. But the coastal surveys
that are in the public domain aren't accurate enough to establish such a base with complete
confidence. In this context, some of the new geotechnologies would be able to give the
accuracy that is necessary, namely the GPS that allows to get the coordinates of terrain points
easily, or the LIDAR surveys that are very accurate and allow the simultaneous acquisition of
the digital terrain model with terrain image, topography, and bathymetry.
The next step forward, after obtaining a good and accurate model, is to update the model with
more recent information, as much as possible absorbing data obtained with new
geotechnologies (to get and to process the GI), and restart the cycle of the GIS calculation
flows that leads, maybe, to a new, directly comparable, reality with the previous one. This
enables the analysis and quantification of the time variations between the two situations and
to identify the coastal evolution tendencies.
So, Coastal Geomorphic Boundaries?...It is possible to determine them! What for? To help to
determine Coastal Boundaries? May be!...To evaluate the coastal dynamics? Definitely... For
this it is probably an excellent tool...if it is accurate enough. But, all of this, it's only possible
with GIS!
2. Towards a Planning Support Systems design working framework: the
Sardinian ICZM case study
Michele Campagna
Department of Land Engineering, University of Cagliari, (IT)
The integration of geographic information and communication technology to support spatial
planning has attracted growing researchers and practitioner interest in the last decades.
Developments in the field has yield to the definition of Planning Support Systems. Nowadays,
although consensus may be found among research of the PSS definition, several
interpretations are given when implementing real world application. Nevertheless a general
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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design framework still lack of consensus limiting the potential PSS research development and
diffusion of such systems among practitioners.
In this poster a general conceptual model of PSS is presented and applied with reference to
different planning settings. Then the implementation scheme of the working framework
proposed by the author is applied to the Regional Spatial Data Infrastructure to support the
ICZM planning process in Sardinia, Italy.
3. Quantifying the hydrological regime of coastal priority habitats with the
use of GIS and hydrologic models
Elias Dimitriou and Elias Moussoulis
Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Inland Waters, (GR)
Management of the coastal zone by considering both environmental preservation and
socioeconomic aspects is usually a difficult and challenging task for local and national
stakeholders. 'Mediterranean Temporary Ponds' (M.T.P.) is a priority habitat (Natura code:
3170*) in Annex I of the Directive 92/43/EEC which is often encountered in the coastal zone
and undergoes significant human and natural pressures that have led to its limited
geographical distribution. The hydrology of MTPs presents significant variations regarding the
length of the ponds’ hydroperiod and the start of their flooding period. These hydrological
conditions define the characteristic flora and fauna properties of the habitat but very often get
distorted due to unsustainable management practices that have significant impacts on the
ponds. In this study two M.T.P. habitat sites in Crete island (Falasarna and Gavdos island)
have been examined and a combination of GIS techniques and hydrologic models has been
used to quantify the water budget components of the ponds’ catchments and suggest
environmentally friendly management schemes.
MIKE SHE hydrological model was utilised in order to assess hydrological variables of the
Falasarna MTP catchment and the output of the model include estimations of the area’s water
balance components as well as the spatial and temporal quantification of water flows
(overland, subsurface and underground flows). For Gavdos Island a GIS-based methodology of
estimating subcatchments’ surface runoff was used to quantify water recharge and runoff and
therefore to assist in designing potential future water management practices in the island.
The results indicated that in the study area of Falasarna only 1.9 x 106 m3 of water recharge
the aquifer annually (22 % of rainfall), while the most significant part of inflows is lost through
evapotranspiration, which is very intense in the area due to high temperatures and winds and
also due to the land use regime (extensive olive groves and cultivations). Thus the exploitable
groundwater resources are particularly limited and therefore careful water pumping strategies
should be implemented in order to avoid sea intrusion that would have detrimental impacts for
both the irrigated areas and the MTP. As far as Gavdos island is concerned, the construction of
small aquifer artificial recharge weirs has been proposed at specific subcatchments that favour
infiltration in order to increase the existing limited water storages. This solution in combination
with a small number of boreholes relatively close to particular streams is the best option to
confront water shortage. No significant impacts occur on the MTPs from human activities apart
from animals watering while climate change is a matter which needs further investigation.
4. Monitoring Coastline Changes in Huelva, Spain (1956-2004)
Fraile-Jurado P., Sánchez-Carnero N., Ojeda-Zújar P.
University of Seville (ES)
In the present article the author undertakes the study of the coastline of Huelva, on the
Andalusian Atlantic coast, by using analytical tools of Geographical Information Systems.
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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Historical aerial photographs of 1956, and recent images of QuickBird (2005) have been used
to digitalize new coastlines. The main analysis of the coastlines has been made using the
Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), a GIS tool developed by the US Geological Survey
to control the 2D longitudinal changes of the coastline. This analysis has permitted the
monitoring of erosion - and progradation processes along this coast. The DSAS calculates the
coastal progradation or erosion by creating and measuring equidistant transects between the
old and the recent coastline. In this study, transects have been made every 75 metres.
A general analysis of the results shows a predominance of eroded sectors in the coast of
Huelva. The mean erosion tax is 0,65 m / year. Most eroded places are linked to two different
situations: a) exposed coasts with a E-W orientation, and b) coast at the east of an new
coastal equipment. The coasts where progradation is higher, are placed in the end (in the east
side) of a sedimentological transport cell, like the littoral spit of El Rompido, and the National
Park of Doñana.
5. A Comparative Study of Methodologies to Interpolate Sea Levels along
Doñana Coast and the Bay of Algeciras (SW Spain)
Fraile P., Sánchez-Carnero N., Ramírez-Torres A., Márquez-Pérez J.
Grupo de Ordenación del Litoral y Tecnologías de Información Territorial, University of Seville
(ES)
In the studies about natural hazards it is very important to use an adequate cartography about
the variables studied to determine with high precision the potentially affected areas.
The main problem in making cartographies about sea levels along the coast is the high
variability of the mean sea level. In some parts of Spain, the mean sea level does not match
with the one of Alicante (NMA), which is the zero value for Spanish topographic maps. Because
of this, cartographies of sea levels are only correct in areas where the topographic zero has
the same value as the local mean sea level. Moreover, the scarce number of tidal gauges
makes it difficult to make precise corrections along the coast.
The aim of this work is the development of a simple methodology for minimizing the errors
due to the interpolation of mean sea levels from the data of tide gauges. We have used the
data of extreme sea levels with a return period of 200 years. The studied area is the fluvial
marshes of Doñana National Park, a zone especially exposed to a sea level rise, where the
application of this methodology shows very different results to the ones that would have been
obtained by not considering the differences between the NMA and the local mean sea level.
6. Sustainable Development Indicators for Integrative
Management (ICZM) in the South-Eastern Baltic
Coastal
Zone
Evgenia Gurova
Laboratory for Coastal Systems Study, Atlantic Branch of P.P. Shirshov Institute of
Oceanology, Kaliningrad (RU)
International joint INTERREG-Tacis project SDI-4-SEB “Sustainable
Development Indicators for Integrative Coastal Zone Management
(ICZM) in the South-Eastern Baltic” had been started in January 2007 in
the Kalininigrad Oblast in the frame of the Neighborhood Program
(Lithuania, Poland and Kaliningrad Region of Russian Federation).
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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The main goals of the Project are the implementing the essential methodological tools and
enhancing the scientific and organizational basis of integrated coastal zone management in the
South-Eastern Baltic following the principles and criteria established in the European Union
ICZM Recommendation (2002) and ICZM approach existing in Russia.
The project will mainly focus on the use, feasibility and need for the integrated analysis of
coastal condition via indicators to show prospects of coastal zone development in the SouthEastern Baltic with regards to European experience.
The use of coastal and marine indicators in evaluating of sustainable development of the coast
was pioneered in 1999 by SAIL partners for the Southern North Sea, shared between England,
France, Belgium and Netherlands.
It was the first experience of
indicators-based assessment of
the state of the coast of any
regional sea in Europe.
The idea of the SDI-4-SEB Project
is
to
calculate
and
apply
developed set of environmental,
economic and social indicators (27
in total) recommended by EU
Working Group on Indicators and
Data for South-Eastern Baltic
region which belongs to Poland,
Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) and
Lithuania.
Besides
of
this,
Partners can develop the new
indicators – which could be more
revealing and with the data
provided for the comparison.
The first group of indicators has been calculated during January-March of 2007, the next two
groups will be completed during the second and third quarters of 2007. The Project considers
coastal NUTS-3, NUTS-4 and NUTS-5 areas.
The specific objectives of the Project are the following:
 To make an inventory of the available indicators and national procedures for the indicator
assessment as well as identify the gaps in the information and methodological approach;
 To develop and agreed the common list of indicators for South-Eastern Baltic
 To prepare the Kaliningrad part of the “Atlas of the Integrative State of the Coast”, to issue
the Russian version of the Atlas and disseminate through stakeholders;
 To develop a Declaration on the Trans-boundary Integrated Coastal Zone Management for
South-Eastern Baltic and sign it by all stakeholders;
 To organize Project seminars, meetings and Conference and establish informational network
of their participants, to disseminate project results through web-site, publications;
 To develop a geographical information system for main characteristics of the Kaliningrad
coastal zone as a computer based tool for targeted end-users with training of its staff.
Project partners
Project SDI4SEB is fulfilled by one Tacis partner and two Interreg partners.
TACIS Responsible Partner - Atlantic Branch, Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of
Sciences
(ABIORAS).
Tacis
part
Co-ordinator
Dr.
Boris
Chubarenko,
chuboris@ioran.baltnet.ru
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
INTERREG partners of the project are:

Klaipeda University Coastal Research and Planning Institute (CORPI) (Lead Partner).
Interreg part Co-ordinator Dr. Nerijus Blažauskas, nb@geo.lt.

Maritime Institute
antas@im.gda.pl.
in
Gdansk
(MIG)
(Financial
Partner).
Dr.
Anton
Staskiwecz,
Stakeholders
In general, the beneficiaries of the Tacis part of the Project are the regional, central and local
administrations, coastal industry, environmental managers, researchers and public
organizations of Kaliningrad Oblast (Russian Federation). Project will support participation of
representatives from all stakeholders in project thematic seminars.
7.
Selected group of five targeted end-users will play a specific role in the
Project. The group of these targeted end-users includes regional and
federal institutions selected by complementary principle.Mediterranean
Coastal Landscape and Sustainable Tourism Development between study
and evaluation
Heba Hussein
Cairo University, Faculty of Engineering (EG)
During the last twenty years, Landscape has become an approach to understand ecological and
cultural processes. As a result, Landscape scale becomes considered as a frame work for the
analysis of sustainability. This approach has prompted the development of the landscape at
the regional, national and international scales. The application of landscape typologies has
been developed in many European countries.
Nowadays, the Mediterranean landscape quality and identity are being lost by time. The main
force for this exchange is tourism development. This unsustainable development is ignoring
the environmental and social needs in addition to destroying our living resources. So, on the
long term the identifying of some development techniques and policies that can provide the
frame work for conservation and sustainability development will be important for reducing the
un-sustainable development.
Mediterranean coastal landscapes have a deep ecological and cultural root. It is characterized
by the co-existence of both natural environments and historical influences. The landscape is
extremely sensitive and vulnerable to any transformation process. The main pressure is the
infrastructure development associated with the modern tourism industry. The map of coastal
line has exchanged through time in addition to natural and human impacts.
This research project is points out tourism development impact on the Mediterranean coastal
landscape. The adopted strategy is: defining the current situation and changes occurring on
new project in the coastal landscape line leading to identifying the exerted pressures on the
Mediterranean region. Finally reaching an evaluation matrix and testing it on two case studies
as a preliminary tool for evaluation of landscape projects using sustainability as a criterion.
8. Mapping and Preliminary Risk Assessment of Open Dumps: a Case Study
for the Hellenic Prefecture of Laconia
A. Karagiannidis, T. Tsatsarelis, I. Antonopoulos and A. Malamakis
Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
In the light of the last deadline set by Hellenic government and according to National and
European legislation, all open dumps still left in the country should be closed and restored until
2008. Towards this direction and taking into consideration the still ever increasing Hellenic
waste production, local authorities, which are usually the owners of the open dumps, are called
to play a unique role on issues like re-using areas and applying recycling programs. This study
presents an integrated assessment of the current status of open dumps in the Laconia
Prefecture in Greece, according to a survey which was conducted from April to July 2005.
For the needs of this study, GIS tools were used to create databases, in which 42 surveyed
open dumps were registered; 28 of these were found to be active and 14 inactive. The data
gathered for every open dump in this prefecture included a variety of features like the distance
from the closest populated area, the existence of drillings, the site size and its estimated
depth, volume and compression of waste, soil coverage and open combustion of waste.
Furthermore, a methodology for defining the potential risk of each of the 42 open dumps was
implemented according to the official guidelines proposed by the Hellenic government through
a provided tabular methodological tool. Taking into account this estimated risk degree,
together with soil coverage of waste and open combustion, buffer zones of open dumps were
created, in order to assess the influence of open dumps to Natura 2000 and populated areas.
Furthermore, due to the vicinity of a number of open dumps to rivers, ArcGIS hydrologic
analysis tools were used to assess the movement of water across the surface of Laconia
prefecture, in order to depict potential pollution recipients. As a result, this study provided an
enhanced decision-making tool for prioritizing open dump restoration, according to their
estimated risk degree and the pollution that they cause to populated and environmentally
sensitive areas.
9. GIS Raster Modelling of Estuarine Evolution – Application to the Guadiana
Estuary
Carlos Loureiro Ferreira & Tomasz Boski
CIMA, Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Algarve, (PT)
Large scale coastal behaviour (LSCB) considers the evolution of coastal features over long
periods of time, ranging from decades to millennia. In terms of modelling, LSCB can be
approached by the combined evaluation of the primary driving factors of coastal evolution. On
an estuary, these factors are mainly the relative sea level change and the rate of sediment
supply. The latter is however strongly dependent on the (palaeo) valley morphology, which
determines the accommodation space for fluvial and marine sediments.
The Holocene evolution of the Guadiana estuary (Southern Iberia), was approached using the
GIS raster based Estuarine Sedimentation Model (ESM). The terminal segment of the Guadiana
River is a narrow, deeply incised bedrock controlled estuary experiencing the final stages of
sediment infilling along with coastal progradation. The model used in this study, the ESM, has
been developed by the Sydney Olympic Park Authority and the School of Geosciences of the
University of Sidney. This model is governed by the input of rate of sea-level change during
time, by the inundation-dependent rate of sediment vertical accretion and by the elevationdependent accommodation space for sediment deposition.
For the simulation of the estuarine evolution a digital elevation model (DEM) of the Guadiana
estuary Holocene palaeovalley was constructed. It was developed through GIS based
interpolation procedures, applied to data derived from cored boreholes, geophysical surveys
and also by geologic and stratigraphic interpretation. The past sea-levels were assumed to
correspond to the 14C dated items, mostly shells, which are typical in the intertidal zone. Upon
this palaeovalley DEM and using map algebra, the model computes the vertical aggradation of
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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sediment according to user defined parameters and time-steps. The rate of sea-level change
for each time-step has been derived from the integration of depth and age of 14C dated
sediments from 6 cored boreholes made in the Guadiana estuary.
The evaluation of model results against the chronostratigrapy of the Guadiana estuary enables
to validate the model and complement palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of estuarine
evolution, particularly in terms of accreted sediment volume within the estuary. This, in turn,
can be useful for estimating carbon trapping during Holocene sea-level rise and quantitatively
access the role of estuaries in the global carbon cycle.
10.
On the other side, the definition of the LSCB of the Guadiana estuary along
with the identification of the primary morphodynamic processes that
determine it, allows to extrapolate the evolution trends from the recent
geologic past (Holocene) to the next few decades. This has immediate
application in coastal management, since it enables to predict, within
some degree of confidence, the large scale evolution of estuarine
morphology in response to accelerated rise in sea level foreseen by
climatic evolution scenarios, along with variation in sediment supply to
the estuary and its adjacent coastal zone.Bathymetry Data Integration
and Visualisation of the Nazaré and Setúbal Canyons offshore Portugal
Morgado, A.1; Huvenne, V.A.I.2; and Lastras, G.2
1
Portuguese Hydrographic Institute - Marine Geology Division, Lisbon (PT),
Oceanography Center, Southampton (UK)
2
National
One of the most motivating and exciting aspects of major international scientific projects is the
amount and diversity of acquired data and the subsequent integration process.
As important and relevant to the success of these projects is the way in which the data and
related information (final results) are presented to the scientific community and, in an
advanced stage, to the general public.
The HERMES (Hotspot Ecosystem Research on the Margins of European Seas) research
programme is, no doubt, a rich source of great diversity of data on deep marine ecosystems.
Along the Portuguese continental shelf and slope, this programme is dedicated to the study of
two important canyons offshore Nazaré village and Setúbal city, from which they inherited
their names.
Several oceanographic surveys have collected bathymetric data during the first year of the
programme (2005). Thus, it was crucial to integrate these data sets with others, acquired
previously, based on a variety of single-beam and multibeam surveys conducted by the
Portuguese Hydrographic Institute since the 70ies. The fundamental purpose was the creation
of digital terrain models (DTM) useful for further investigations, for example, geomorphological
studies and interpretations together with existing TOBI sidescan sonar data.
11.
The poster presented describes the different stages of the data integration
process, the DTM creation, and how the TOBI (Towed Ocean Bottom
Instrument) mosaics were draped over. Furthermore, it illustrates the use
of specific software to create virtual fly-through movies over the DTM, and
how these improve the visualisation of important geomorphological
details in both canyons.Geo-Spatial Multi-criteria Analysis for Wave
Energy System Deployment
Ana Nobre1, Miguel Pacheco1, Raquel Jorge2, Miguel Lopes2, Luís Gato2
1
Data Centre, Portuguese Hydrographic Institute, (PT), 2Department of
Engineering, Technical University of Lisbon, (PT)
Mechanical
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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The growing requirements for renewable energy production lead to the development of a new
series of systems, including wave energy conversion systems. Due to their sensitivity and the
impact of the aggressive marine environment, the selection of the most efficient location for
setting these systems is a major and very important task. Several factors, such as
technological limitations, environmental conditions, administrative and logistic conditions, have
to be taken into account in order to support the decision for best location.
The project describes a geo-spatial multi-criteria analysis methodology, based on geographic
information systems technology, for selection of the best location to implement a wave energy
conversion system. This methodology is not conversion system dependent and therefore can
be easily customized for different systems and conditions. Selection factors can include, for
example, ocean depth, bottom type, underwater cables, marine protected areas, ports
location, shoreline, power grid location, military exercise areas, climatology of wave significant
height, period and direction.
12. A case study demonstrating this methodology is presented, for an area
offshore the Portuguese southwest coast. The system output allows a
clear identification of the best spots for a wave conversion system
implementation. It is not just a simple Boolean result showing valid and
invalid locations, but a layer with a valued suitability for system
implementation.Meteo-Oceanographic Climatologic GIS
Ana Nobre
Data Centre, Portuguese Hydrographic Institute, (PT)
The knowledge of environmental conditions is important for military and scientific operations
success. Under the view of developing a backup system for the planning of the referred
operations it was developed a meteo-oceanographic climatologic GIS.
The developed work consisted on acquiring pre-existent information as ocean depths, ocean
currents, meteorological and oceanographic data (hydrologic, meteorological and sea surface
temperature) that allows the environmental study of military and scientific activity areas.
Besides this information, were developed visual basic programs for the reading, processment
and visualization of hydrologic parameters (processed by Levitus in 2001).
As a result, the developed system contains 60 layers and an oceanic worldwide climatologic
atlas with information about vertical profiles, since the surface to the maximum depth of 1500
meters, of various ocean water parameters.
13. Maps were visualized from a low-cost independent application; after
compiling all the information, the final product was made available in DVD
(with no license costs) and an internal network. Hazard Assessment in
Galé – Olhos de Água sea cliffs: a tool for coastal management
Mara Nunes1, Óscar Ferreira1, Martin Schaefer2, Julian Clifton3, Brian Baily2
CIMA, Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Algarve, (PT)
Department of Geography, University of Portsmouth, (UK)
3
Institute for Regional Development, University of Western Australia, (AU)
1
2
Coastal hazards are a function of the interaction between human activities and naturally
induced coastal processes. The conflicts arising from this interaction require new approaches
that integrate the complex geodynamic environment of rocky coasts. Aiming to develop a
method for assessing hazard in sea cliffs suitable for coastal management, the present
research combines the assessment of sea cliff evolution forcing mechanisms along with
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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protection factors. The method considers wave exposure, mass movements and cliff face
lithology and profile as factors of increased susceptibility to erosion in sea cliffs, while the
presence of beaches and shore platforms protects cliffs from erosion. The method combines
digital photogrammetry techniques and GIS analysis, based on a weighted factors approach,
attributing weights according to different classes within each factor, in order to obtain a final
hazard index that aggregates all factors. The method was applied to the rocky sea cliffs
between Galé and Olhos de Água (Algarve, Portugal). High and very high hazard are dominant
along the study area, representing more than 90% of the coastline studied. They occur
predominantly in the absence of protective beaches and shore platforms. Moderate and low
hazard have reduced expression but, even where they have been reported, hazard is not
inexistent. The method presents cliff erosion hazards along the study area, being a suitable
tool for cliff hazard assessment and useful for coastal management.
14. The Use of Earth Observation in Monitoring the Dynamics of Morecambe
Bay Saltmarsh Distribution and Extent (MARSH)
Brian O’ Connor
Coastal & Marine Resources Centre, University College Cork (IE)
The project, undertaken jointly by the Department of Geography (UCC) and the Coastal and
Marine Resources Centre (CMRC), is divided into two strands, Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS,
with a fieldwork element for ground truthing of data.
The project has two main goals in that it attempts to provide a cost effective method to map
saltmarsh vegetation using satellite imagery and to integrate the data into an operational GIS
prototype.
The project uses Erdas Imagine 9.1 image processing software in all aspects of the remote
sensing strand. In order to assess the temporal dynamics of saltmarshes, a time series of Spot
and IRS imagery from two consecutive growing seasons, one in 2006 and one in 2007 is
analysed. To maximise the discrimination of vegetation species, bands are combined from IRS
and SPOT from dates throughout the growing season in 2006 and are compared with a stand
alone SPOT image from May 2007, which was captured at the same time as field studies..
Fuzzy and hard classification methods (Pixel-based and object-based) are applied to the
imagery products for distinguishing vegetation classes. Determining the optimal number of
temporal images and their acquisition times is one of the key aspects of the study. Ancillary
data including vector file formats, GPS points, aerial photos, Lidar data as well as standard
text files such as species inventories and habitat classes will be integrated with the RS data in
a desktop GIS.
The prototype GIS will use ESRI’s ArcGIS software and will incorporate all the data outputs in
an hierarchal structure which will assist the end user in any further research and aid in the
decision making process. Both vector and raster file formats are being integrated into the GIS
as well as additional information, e.g. Hyperlinks to accuracy assessment reports, photographs
and spectral signature plots.
15. Natural risk assessment in the Beachmed Project: the western ligurian
coastline case study
Guido Paliaga
Laboratory of Applied Geomorphology, POLIS Department, University of Genova, (IT)
The Interreg IIIC Beachmed project concerns the characterization and improvement of
technical and administrative instruments for a strategic management of the coastal defense, in
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
order to get to a sustainable development of the Mediterranean coastal zones. The countries
involved are: Italy, with Liguria, Lazio, Emilia Romagna and Toscana regions, France with the
Conseil Général de l’Héraeult and the Service Maritime et Navigation du Languedoc-Roussillon,
Spain with the Generalitat Catalunya and Greece with Macedonia Orientale, Tracia and Creta
Regions.
The project follows the principles of the Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM), that
means taking into consideration the social and economic interest and the protection of natural
ecosystems including the dynamic relationship between them, to get to a compatible
development of the area.
In this framework the natural risk assessment has a fundamental and critical role: it must take
into account all the hazard sources and the evaluation of the anthropic pressure on the
territory. On the other hand it may give answers to problems and conflicts in the area and
address the economic, social and industrial development.
The case history’s area, the coastline between Ventimiglia and Bordighera, is rather critical
both for the conflicts that raise from the anthropic pressure and for the many hazard sources:
hydrogeological, slope instability, landslides, seismicity and coastal erosion. Some of them are
strictly related to the lack of ICZM and in the peculiar geomorphic asset of the territory that is
characterized by strong steepness of the slopes and short hydrogeological basins.
16.
The study regards the attempt of evaluating and integrating the various
kind of risk in the area in order to get to a more comprehensible and
flexible instrument to be used in the management and planning of the
area. Regarding the seismicity of the area will be proposed a quick
technique to evaluate the site effects (local amplification), following the
direction of the recent regional laws that are in discussion at the national
level.Portuguese National Metadata Profile
Rui Miguel Papudo
Spatial Planning Research Group/ Geographic Portuguese Institute (PT)
The metadata model establishment has been one of great European Union (EU) research tasks
in the last years and several initiatives were started at EU context. One of them was the
European standardization organization (CEN - Comité Européen de Normalisation) and its
Technical Committee 287. Their main work result was the establishment of eight prestandards,
forward integrated into the ISO body. This project produced several documents also, used as
draft standards of ISO. Other initiatives were establish such as the Geographical Data
Description Directory (GDDD). Its purpose is to establish a descriptive list of all the principal
geographical databases available from the official National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies
(NMCA’s) of Europe.
The ISO 19115 was the ending point for several previous projects and a starting point for
current initiatives. This ISO it does describe, exclusively, the metadata for documenting
geographic information (GI) and provides a structure for describing digital geographic data and
meaningful information about it, such as: identification, extent, quality and others.
Inspire (Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe) has been the major European
geomatics project and its main purpose is to revive the CEN/ TC287 activities with a plan to
develop a European profile of the ISO 19100 standards for geomatics. This GI “turn of the
corner” requires some specific legal adaptations from the European Union (EU) Member States.
So, it was necessary to set up a legal framework for the establishment and operation of a
spatial information infrastructure. This aim is structured in four (4) different tasks:
formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. The subject is the several European
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
community policies, applied to all spatial levels and the expect result is to provide public
information, increasing, by this way, the EU governance rates.
As a direct consequence of the Inspire Directive applies, the Portuguese National Metadata
Profile was created and defined. It is a set of elements, extracted from several norms and
legislation with the main purpose to clarify and regulate the geographic metadata resources,
settled for Portugal and for their specific geographic areas applies. These specific geographic
areas are one of our risings spatial planning problems, because, in Portugal, we have quite a
lot of coastal physical geographic constrains associated with an increase urbanization pressure.
17.
This poster is divided in two parts: the first one, a very brief literatures
review about metadata for geographic information and in the second one,
the
Portuguese
national
metadata
profile
presentation
and
discussion.Atlas of Maritime Europe. Marine Spatial System Planning
Ana Ramírez Torres, Ana Retuerta Cornejo, Inmaculada Martínez, Juan Luis Suárez
de Vivero
Department of Human Geography, University of Seville (ES)
Latest EU initiatives on marine policy, particularly, the proposal Directive on Marine Strategy
([SEC(2005) 1290]) and the Green Paper on Maritime Policy {SEC(2006) 689}, highlights the
need to design a marine spatial system planning that should be linked to the terrestrial
planning. To undertake this new kind of planning system requires a previous research
approach and in this way GIS tools rise as a fundamental basis to design and implement the
coming marine spatial plans. This contribution focuses on a geographical area (Gulf of Cadiz,
Spain) where the diversity and intensity of maritime uses justifies a schematic approach to
show how different uses interact, what type of conflicts arise and in which way spatial planning
can be oriented.
18.
The Geographical Information Systems and Mining Risk Management
Ana Ramírez Torres, Inmaculada Martínez, Noela Sánchez Carnero, Juan Luis Suárez
de Vivero
Department of Human Geography, University of Seville (ES)
The mining accidents that took place emphasise, the necessity to design plans and alert
systems that require the monitoring and investigation of territorial information about social
phenomena of different kinds.
The GIS reveal how the appropriate instruments to capture, manage, manipulate, analyse,
model and visualise spatial reference data. The main goal of the project is the development of
a physical and socioeconomic data model in the potential area of influence of Almagrera,
(Huelva, SW Spain). To reach this goal we have used a new database model of spatial
information orientated to objects –Geodatabase-, that permits the management of variable
data.
19. Using GIS as a Key Toll for the Management of Marine Protected Areas
(MPAS)
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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Sánchez-Carnero, N.1,2, Couñago, L.3, Fraile, P.1, Verísimo, P.3, Martínez, I.1, Muiño,
R.2, Freire, J.2
1. Grupo de Ordenación del Litoral y Tecnologías de Información Territorial, University of
Seville, (ES).
2. Grupo de Recursos Marinos y Pesquerías, University of A Coruña (ES).
3. FISMARE, Innovación para la sostenibilidad S.L. (ES)
MPAs have become efficient tools for sustainable management of marine and coastal areas,
obtaining good results in terms of conservation and productivity.
One of the main difficulties in the implementation of these kind of protection figures is the
need of a joint effort from both the scientific community and the fishermen, with a high degree
of multidisciplinarity required (biologists, anthropologists, geographers, economists, etc.)
The aim of this work is the presentation of GIS as a tool for an easy integration of the
information from different sources, becoming a key tool for the management of the new AMP
created in Lira, Carnota (Galicia, NW Spain).
20. Development of a Methodology to Generate an Accurate Bathymetry in
Very Shallow Waters, Using Acoustical Methods and GIS
Sánchez-Carnero N.1,3, Garcia-Calvo B.2, Fraile P.3, Pallas A.2, Freire J.3
1 University of A Coruña (ES)
2 FISMARE, Innovación para la sostenibilidad S.L. (ES)
3 University of Seville (ES)
Artisanal shellfish gathering such as cockle (Cerastoderma edule), clam (Venerupis spp.), etc,
has a great economic and social importance in Galicia (NW Spain). Historically, these resources
have been exploited without any control which causes current overexploitation problems.
Given the characteristics of these fisheries, which take places in intertidal and very shallow
subtidal zones, a detailed bathymetry and the correct delimitation of the shellfish grounds is
essential for planning a sustainable management system.
This work presents a methodology that allows the creation of an accurate and detailed
cartography of very shallow bottoms in complex coastlines. To achieve this objective an
acoustics survey was carried out using an EA400P echosounder and the output data were
processed with GIS tools.
21. Traditional Aquaculture Systems in Sierra Leone: - Potential for
development of Inland Aquaculture
S.K. Sankoh1, L. G. Ross1, M. L. Van Brakel2 and K. J. Rana1
1 Aquaculture Systems Group (Geographic Information Systems and Applied Physiology),
Institute if Aquaculture, University of Stirling. (UK)
2 Natural Resources Management, World Fish Center, (MY)
Traditional aquaculture systems were studied with a view to assessing the potential for
developing inland fisheries/aquaculture in Sierra Leone. Geographical Information Systems
(GIS) tools were used to develop models for aquaculture development potentials. Political,
Socio-economic and Natural Resources data was used in developing Models.
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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Criteria development was based on current production systems and local farmers were
involved in deciding suitability criteria and in assigning weights to the production factors.
The models developed and field work findings revealed that –
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Sierra Leone has the required Natural Resources for developing Aquaculture
Access to land/water and the tenure system is conducive for Aquaculture development,
and indigenous species of fish that could easily be developed for culture based fisheries
are common
Inputs and Support Services (especially Technical) are either lacking or inadequate to
stimulate large scale Aquaculture Production
Local Markets for fish exist, but commercial production has to be carefully planned for
aquaculture products to compete favourably with those from the capture fisheries.
Family labour, mostly used in traditional aquaculture production is cheap, uncosted and
readily available.
Current production levels of Traditional aquaculture systems are fairly high but difficult
to monitor because of multiple unrecorded stocking and harvest
Shifting cultivation and bush fallow forms of crop farming commonly practiced in the
country are a major Impediment for integration of fish farming into the rice
crop farming system (especially fish Ponds)
22. Models developed in the study can be used as tools in developing
strategies for a systematic Inland Fisheries/Aquaculture development in
the Country, and to predict future trends in the aquaculture development
process.GIS Implementation for ICZM in the Mediterranean Coast of Egypt
M. Sanò1, P. Gonzalez-Riancho1, R. Medina1, M. Borhan2
1Ocean & Coastal Resarch Group, Universidad de Cantabria, (ES)
2Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, (EG)
In the framework of the international cooperation activities of Spain, the AECI (International
Cooperation Agency of Spain) funded an ICZM project in the coastal stretch between Marsa
Matruh and El Sallum, in the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. The project is coordinated by the
Ocean and Coastal Research Group of the University of Cantabria and the leading Egyptian
agency for the implementation and promotion of the project is the Egyptian Environmental
Affairs Agency (EEAA).
The project’s site is a 200 km long semi-desert and under-developed coastal stretch near the
Libyan border, with big plans for development in the next decades, being tourism, mineral
resources exploitation and industries the most important sectors to be developed. These
development plans also include an increase of population of 500 % in the next 15 years.
The objectives of the project are the following:
▪
▪
▪
The analysis of the coastal system focused on the identification of resources (natural
and cultural) and on the opportunities for its sustainable exploitation.
The zonification of uses along the coastal stretch based on the results of the analysis.
The production of clear and easy-to-use guidelines for ICZM to support the government
decisions and to share information with investors who are interested in the
development of this coastal stretch.
GIS is one of the deliverable of the project, and its implementation has started since the
beginning of the activities, in order to support any phase of the project with georreferenced
information about the site. The objective of this GIS is to collect all the data and information
about coastal natural features, coastal uses, natural and cultural resources, sectoral plans,
zonification and alternative scenarios for coastal development.
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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The GIS implementation, supported by ESRI technology, has followed these basic steps:
Data collection and preparation. In this step all the basic data had been collected in order to
have a common basic reference to work in this coastal zone. These data include vector layers
and satellite images (LandSat ETM and SPOT). GIS data had been also collected in the field
through the use of mobile technology integrated with GPS and GIS. Metadata had been also
included, following ISO19115 prescriptions.
Data Storing and Distribution. In this step all the data collected had been stored in a spatial
database server that can be accessed by advanced users and basic users from their desktops.
Data Analysis. The GIS database had been analysed applying different techniques to identify
new features of the coastal zone and to spatially analyse the relation between the existing
features.
Production of Factsheets and Guidelines. The GIS had been the basic support to produce
factsheets about the state of the coastal system (Physical, Ecological, Social and Economic
sub-systems) and will be the basic support to finally produce guidelines for ICZM.
The presentation at the CoastGIS 07 will not only be focused on the technical aspects of the
GIS implementation but also in the issues and the lessons learnt related with data access
policy, technological constrains and capacity building in a developing country.
ESRI AWARD
"Geographic Information as tool for project implementation"
Index of the Projects:
1. Knowing the coastal landforms, using GI, to know the coast
António Alves da Silva, Organisation IGP- The Portuguese Geographic Institute, (PT)
2. Mediterranean landscape of Porto Venere: guidelines for the sustainable development of
tourism in a coastal landscape in continuous development
Patrizia Burlando, University of Genoa, Section Landscape, (IT)
3. Towards a Planning Support Systems design working framework: the Sardinian ICZM case
study
Michele Campagna, University of Cagliari, Department of Land Engineering, (IT)
4. GIS for planning, navigation acquisition and visualization of results for the study of
chemical munition dumpsites in the Baltic Sea
Natalia Goncharova, Atlantic Branch of P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian
Academy of Science, (UK)
5. Mediterranean Coastal Landscape and Sustainable Tourism Development between Study
and Evaluation Case Study: Genoa –Sharm El-Sheikh
Heba Hussein Mohamed, Cairo University, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture Department
Research Centre, (EG)
6. The Geographical Information Systems and Mining Risk Management
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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Inmaculada Martinez Alba, University of Seville, Department of Human Geography, (ES)
7. Regional vulnerability analysis to storm impacts in the Catalan coast
E. Tonatiuh Mendoza Ponce, Universidad Politecnica de Catalunya, (ES)
Out of competition
8. Modelling Critical Coastal Ecosystems. A Study on the Marine Turtle Nesting Habitats in the
Mediterranean
Nima Moin, ITC International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation,
(NL)
Out of competition
9. Prediction of ENSO signal recorded in the selected geophysical data
Tomasz Niedzielski, Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences & University of
Wroclaw, (PL)
10. The Use of Earth Observation in Monitoring the Dynamics of Morecambe Bay Saltmarsh
Distribution and Extent (MARSH)
Brian O'Connor, University College Cork, Coastal and Marine Resources Centre (CMRC),
(IE)
11. FURBS: Sustainable urban form - Methodological Approach for Portugal
Rui Miguel Pinto Papudo, IGP - Geographic Portuguese Institute, (PT)
12. Integrated Coastal Zone Management of East Mediterranean Coastlines: Northern Lebanon
5. Francesca Santoro, International Marine Centre Foundation, (IT)Knowing
the coastal landforms, using GI, to know the coast
António Alves da Silva
IGP- The Portuguese Geographic Institute, (PT)
Point of contact:
Reference person: António Alves da Silva
Organisation IGP- The Portuguese Geographic Institute
Address Rua de Artilharia Um, 107 Lisboa, Portugal
Tel. 351213819600
Fax.351213819671
e-mail aalves@igeo.pt
URL www.igeo.pt
Rationale:
Knowing the coastal landforms is to have a general idea about the coastal dynamics and the elements that composes
the coastal system. In this way, we can hold a spatial base to establish frontiers to define the range of action of the
coastal geomorphic agents, and obtain this way, objective limits to apply laws to manage and preserve this particular
environment in a confined and well geo-referenced area where are reflected the combined action of those agents along
the recent times. This is a tough job, but with GIS tools and a accurate Geo-database, this is possible to do spatial
analysis, namely over the DTM, and obtain a good simulation of the reality and build related scenarios.
Aims:
The aim of this project is to provide means to allow the identification of coastal landforms, based on is some particular
physical features, that can be acquired from remote geographic information without field survey need.
Expected results:
Get a space classified in terms of coastal landforms that could be analysed in a GIS, and used as reference for ICM
actions.
Why and how GI is used:
Without GIS this project would not be possible. This needs a warehouse of related data that if it constitutes in a
consistent and powerful Geodatabase who allows to get, process and manipulate the information to obtain a classified
space, according to a pre-defined model.
Addressed users:
Coastal Geomorphologists
Coastal Planners
National, European and Global Institutions for Geographic Information Management
Coastal Zone Management Organizations
Local Authorities and stakeholders on Coastal areas
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Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
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Geographic area: Applicable to all Coastlines, tested in a stretch of the Portuguese coastline
Country: Portugal
Region: Southwest Coast - Coastline
of Mira River Estuary
Geographic bounding box:
(140030,00m;81231,40m –
146277,00m;87707,12m)
Projection System: Transverse
Mercator
Latitude of origin: 39°40'N
Longitude of origin: 8°07'54''862W
False X=200000m
False Y=300000m
Datum=Lisbon
Reference Ellipsoid: International
Geographic data:
In this item there are two ways to reach at one Geodatabase that includes all the GI needed to be processed in GIS to
make the spatial analysis to get the exact location and identification of coastal landforms. The most recent one and the
best one is the high resolution digital ortophoto 3D. But while we can not have this, the solution is start with the digital
information that could to permit to build a good and accurate Digital Terrain Model (DTM). That is the type that will be
described bellow. This is the basic GI that will be selected and edited to build the DTM and other significant features to
do the spatial analysis to obtain the landforms on the landscape.
Kind of data (ex. land-use
map, sampling points,…)
Format (ex. geotiff,
shape file,…)
Availability
(present/planned)
Topographic map
Design file (dgn)
(terrain features as
contours, regular and
precision points, drains,
breaklines, planar areas and
others
Bathymetric map
Shape-file (shp)
present
Geologic map
Tiff file
present
Land-use map
shp
present
Ortophoto images
Sid, geotiff and ecw
present
present
Provider (ex. local
administration, XY Details (optional)
University,…)
IGeoE- The Army
Vector data to obtain
Geographic
the DTM
Institute
www.igeoe.pt
IH- The
Hydrographic
Institute
www.hidrografico.p
t
IGM - The
Geologic and
Mining Institute
http://www.ineti.pt
/uo/uo/?uo=144
IGP - The
Portuguese
Geographic
Institute
www.igeo.pt
IGP - The
Portuguese
Geographic
Institute
Vector data
Raster (need to be
warped and georeferenced)
GIS data
ortoimages georeferenced with 0,5m of
resolution
42
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
Potential/actual problems:
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
How to obtain the seaward and the landward 3D limits of the active coastal landforms surface, with accuracy
How to put in the same GIS the GI of different origins, dates, coordinate systems and scales
How to get, quantify and classify the variables that will permit to reach at the position and type of coastal
landform
How to validate the results
How to represent the results? Static or dynamic maps
How to guarantee the usability of the outcomes and how to maintain operational the GIS in the future
Recommendations:
It is very important that the GI is compatible. This mean scales or resolutions, projections, coordinate systems and
datums. Usually this is not possible, so we have to obey to the rules of cartography for don't fall in errors like
overlaying different themes with different levels of detail. In spatial analysis we must do a classification of the different
themes in mode that they could be operated within GIS and produce logical overcomes.
The main objective is to detect coastal landforms, so is it necessary deeply know witch features values could be
affected to an specific landform, like p.e. a cliff should have a slope over 30º. Is this way the first obstacle is to define
the typology of coastal landforms and his qualifying features. The qualitative values of this features must be
transformed in numbers to allow the map algebra and overlaying operations and everything should be converted in
grid format with a standard pixel size.
Make a detailed framework before the operation.
Get a very good computer with a good and fast processor with boost, and with 1Gb of ram, at least.
6. Mediterranean landscape of Porto Venere: guidelines for the sustainable
development of tourism in a coastal landscape in continuous development
Patrizia Burlando
University of Genoa, Section Landscape, (IT)
Point of contact:
Reference person Patrizia Burlando
Organisation University of Genoa, Section Landscape
Address Stradone Sant’Agostino 46
Tel. +39 3355683152
Fax. 0187 564987
e-mail patrizia@studiomanfroni.it
URL Italy
Rationale:
Changes and loss of identity in coastal landscape are constantly increasing, particularly in tourist areas. For this reason
landscape design in coastal areas, through the elaboration of a methodology for the analysis and evaluation of the
coastal landscape and sustainable development in accordance with CEP, are becoming more important.
Aims:
The elaboration of a methodology for the analysis and evaluation for the transformation of coastal areas and a proposal
of landscape plan based on lasting aims to be applied in Porto Venere in the gulf of La Spezia, where there are been
transformations of various forms, modalities and importance.
In particularly for this area the aim is to:
 elaborate a methodology of analysis and evaluation,
 introduce new operative strategies for integrated management based on lasting aims, which are able to guarantee
the use of resources by present generations without causing damage for future generation,
 propose sustainable tourism.
43
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
Expected results:
The study from the analysis to the evaluation and realization of proposals, connected to the GIS allows:
the monitoring of risks, changes and projects
the consultation of sources and results of the study
the continuous up-dating of data to produce research which is not obsolete from the beginning
a flexible system with which interaction is possible
One of the intentions is the creation of instrument which will probably be available through internet and can be used by
the local administration of Porto Venere and by tourist operators, residents and tourists for a rapid consultation of both
the existing material and also the indications for an integrated management for an intelligent use of the territory and a
sustainable form of tourism.
Why and how GI is used:
To put the aims of the research in to use software is used which focuses are on problems of territory management –
GIS.
The complexities of the landscape require cross-referenced evaluations, which are possible using a program such as
map info, which is able to elaborate data simultaneously, using a database, geo related geometric elements.
Using GI program, the data is organized as graphs and tables, referenced by geographic coordinates and crossreferenced with information from other sources.
The data gathered makes up a cultural basis which is the starting point for other disciplines involved in planning and
project of management is easily available because it is archived using GIS program.
Addressed users:
Stakeholders, Local administration, tourists, inhabitants
Geographic area:
Country Italy
Region Liguria
Geographic bounding box Lat: 44° 1’ 6’’ N, Long 9° 51’ 0’’ W
Geographic data:
CTR Regione Liguria, Map of PUC Porto Venere, historic map
Kind of data (ex. land-use
map, sampling points,…)
Format (ex. geotiff,
shape file,…)
Availability
(present/planned)
Land-use
Slope study
Zoning plan
Geotiff
DXF
Planned
Provider (ex. local
administration, XY
University,…)
Regione Liguria
Details (optional)
Potential/actual problems:
Possibilities and difficulties of working with the Region and local administration of Porto Venere
The difficulty of the creation of system is both precise and easy to consult.
The difficulty of obtaining the large amount of data necessary to carry out a research.
Recommendations:
At this moment no recommendations are presented, since this is an ongoing project that it is still far from its most
significant results.
44
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
7. Towards a Planning Support Systems design working framework: the
Sardinian ICZM case study
Michele Campagna
University of Cagliari, Department of Land Engineering, (IT)
Point of contact:
Reference person MICHELE CAMPAGNA
Organisation UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI CAGLIARI, DIPARTIMENTO INGEGNERIA DEL TERRITORIO
Address VIA MARENGO 3 CAGLIARI 09126, ITALY
Tel. +390706755206
Fax. +390706755215
e-mail CAMPAGNA@UNICA.IT
URL HTTP://PEOPLE.UNICA.IT/CAMPAGNA
Rationale:
This is a research project aimed at setting a working framework for Planning Support Systems Development.
Planning Support Systems are integrate systems which couples GIS, operational models, visualisation and groupware
tools to support planning processes. The methodology framework for planning support systems is presented with case
studies on EIA and on Coastal Tourism Development.
Aims:
This is a research project aimed at setting a working framework for Planning Support Systems Development.
Expected results:
Providing a working framework for Collaborative Planning Support Systems design
Why and how GI is used:
GI provide the base for spatial reasoning, analysis, evaluation, and design in collaborative spatial decision-making,
spatial policy-making, in a distributed multi-user arena. This method is particularly suitable in such spatial planning
processes as Integrated Coastal zone management where different spatial thematic information about environmental
and socio-economic issues are integrated to support the discourse among actors with different interests, background,
and skills.
Geographic area:
Please provide:
Country Italy
Region Sardinia
Geographic data:
Kind of data (ex. land-use
map, sampling points,…)
Format (ex. geotiff,
shape file,…)
Availability
(present/planned)
Environmental data
Cultural Heritage data
Socio-economic data
Shapefiles, raster
dataset,
geodatabase
Source Regional
Spatial Data
Infrastructure
Provider (ex. local
administration, XY
University,…)
Authonomous
Government of
Sardinia
Details (optional)
8. GIS for planning, navigation acquisition and visualization of results for the
study of chemical munition dumpsites in the Baltic Sea
Natalia Goncharova
Atlantic Branch of P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Science, (UK)
Point of contact:
Reference person Goncharova Natalia
Organisation Atlantic Branch of P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciense (AB SIO)
Address 236000
Tel. +7 911 4674298
Fax. +7 4012 916970
e-mail natte@inbox.ru
URL -
Rationale:
Large quantities of warfare, both chemical and conventional, were dumped after WW1 and WW2 in the (often shallow)
45
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
European and Russian seas, thereby forming а potential threat to the marine environment and population of the coast
zones. At this moment there is no а ready-made methodology to solve the complex problem of sea-dumped toxic
warfare. To analyse the ecological risks related to sea-dumped weapons, data and analysis generated by a variety of
disciplines need to be integrated. Tackling the problem calls for international со-operation and mutual exchange of
information, methodologies and results.
The MERCW (Modeling of Ecological Risks Related to Sea-Dumped Chemical Weapons) research project, started in
2005 and sponsored by the European Union under the Sixth Framework Programme, aims to carry out focused
research and technology developments on chemical munition dump sites in the Baltic Sea in order to model the
transport pathways and migration spreading of toxic agents in marine sediments and the marine environment. It’s
carried out by 10 European and Russian research institutions.
Aims:
The final goal of the project is to assess the ecological safety for the ecosystem and people of the coastal states near
the dump sites. A special attention to these objects is caused by the potential threat, which may appear either
spontaneously (due to development of internal processes in chemical munitions) or after a human activity.
Since most of the data to be used is spatial by its nature, the most suitable solution to store, visualize and analyse it
would be to use a functionality of a geographic information system. As none of the existing software fully meets our
requirements, the aim is to develop a unique system, which will combine the capabilities and flexibility of a 3D GIS with
the latest advances in various fields of scientific visualization.
The use of visualization system within the MERCW project has two main targets:

It can provide to all project partners a quick and intuitive overview over the data gathered during the project.
Therefore, the ability to overlook the Baltic Sea region is required as well as the ability to zoom into any region of
interest, showing more details of the inspected data if available. As these interactive visualizations are to be used
by project partners, the data should be presented in a way that is easily understandable by scientists of different
background.

As the modelling of ecological risks is a primary goal of the MERCW project, also the visualization of modelled risk
scenarios will be an important task for the visualization in the project. However, such visualizations cannot be
produced directly from raw data, but require that the ecological risks have been properly modelled and evaluated.
At the current stage of the project, only certain sub-models, such as the hydrodynamics model developed in WP4
are available.
Expected results:
In our project we develop a GIS-like system, aiming to integrate data gathered by various institutions during more
than 30 years of research as well as newly acquired data. Our goal is to deliver a useful easy-to-use tool suitable for
both GIS experts and non-specialists and visualise of modelled risk scenarios.
Why and how GI is used:
WHY: to characterize the sea bottom and hydrodynamic, integrate gathered data and visualise of modelled risk
scenarios.
HOW: producing and using maps and 3D sciens, research and cruises planning, system integration.
Addressed users:
Both GIS experts (scientists of different background) and non-specialists (non-scientists or people not involved into this
project).
Geographic area:
Country: Russia, Poland, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania
Region: Baltic Sea
Geographic bounding box: Data sets cover the whole Baltic Sea from 9° to 31° East and from 53°30’ to 66°
North, Geographic projection (latitude, longitude), geodetic datum - WGS84.
Geographic data:
Kind of data
Topography of the Baltic
Sea
Format
ASCII file (*.dat)
Availability
present
Provider
Details
The Baltic Sea Research Institute regular spherical
Warnemünde (IOW)
grid (IOTOPO
project)
http://www.io-
warnemuende.de/researc
h/en_iowtopo.html
46
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
Baltic Sea coast line
shape files
present
National Oceanographic Data
Center
LINE and
POLYGON
coverages
(GSHHS project)
http://www.ngdc.noaa.go
v/mgg/shorelines/gshhs.h
tml
Digital Elevation Models of
the Baltic Sea drainage
basin
GeoTIFF
present
University of Maryland
a TIFF with
Sampling points and
transsections (complex
scientific stations, geo- and
hydrophysical profiles)
shape files
present
Atlantic Branch of P.P.Shirshov
Institute of Oceanology RAS
POINT and LINE
coverages
(MERCW project)
University of Bonn, Institute of
Computer Science II
3D visualisation
(MERCW project)
University of Bonn, Institute of
Computer Science II
3D visualisation
(MERCW project)
Particle
dynamics
(based on
modelled
current
velocity data)
Visualization of modelled
risk scenarios
http://glcf.umiacs.umd.ed location (SRTM
project)
u/data/srtm/
http://www.ocean.ru/cont
ent/view/169/104
Internal format
present
http://www.cg.cs.unibonn.de/
Internal format
planned
http://www.cg.cs.unibonn.de/
Potential/actual problems:
Problems of data gathering and structurization: choice of uniform system of coordinates, development of uniform
structure of tables of data, redundancy of data.
Recommendations:
At this moment no recommendations are presented – this is an ongoing project.
9. Mediterranean Coastal Landscape and Sustainable Tourism Development
between Study and Evaluation Case Study: Genoa –Sharm El-Sheikh
Heba Hussein Mohamed
Cairo University, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture Department Research Centre, (EG)
Point of contact:
Reference person: Heba Hussein Mohamed
Organisation: Architecture Department Research Centre, Faculty of engineering, Cairo University.
Address: 19th Sorror street, Gazert EL-Zahab, Giza, p.c. 12211- Egypt (home address)
Tel. 0020106940823
E-mail. Arch_heba82@yahoo.com
Rationale:
During the last twenty years, Landscape has become an approach to understand ecological and cultural processes. As a
result, Landscape scale becomes considered as a frame work for the analysis of sustainability. This approach has
prompted the development of the landscape at the regional, national and international scales. The application of
landscape typologies has been developed in many European countries.
Nowadays, the Mediterranean landscape quality and identity are being lost by time. The main force for this exchange is
tourism development. This unsustainable development is ignoring the environmental and social needs in addition to
destroying our living resources. So, on the long term the identifying of some development techniques and policies that
can provide the frame work for conservation and sustainability development will be important for reducing the unsustainable development.
Mediterranean coastal landscapes have a deep ecological and cultural root. It is characterized by the co-existence of
both natural environments and historical influences. The landscape is extremely sensitive and vulnerable to any
transformation process. The main pressure is the infrastructure development associated with the modern tourism
industry. The map of coastal line has exchanged through time in addition to natural and human impacts.
47
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
Aims:
This research aim to points out tourism development impact on the Mediterranean coastal landscape. The adopted
strategy is: defining the current situation and changes occurring on new project in the coastal landscape line leading to
identifying the exerted pressures on the Mediterranean region. Firstly, reaching an evaluation matrix and testing it on
two case studies as a preliminary tool for evaluation of landscape projects using sustainability as a criterion. Finally,
the matrix which has been created will be guide lines for an action planning for this area as one unit, and work with
tourism developments as a sustainable strategy for the Mediterranean region.
Expected results:
The research project is tried to provide data base to the Mediterranean line shore. In order to point out the actual
changes in the shore line with define to the natural and human impacts. The research has development during my
master thesis and with the future planning for it; we will have at the end of the project. Guide lines for Mediterranean
living resources as action planning for the Mediterranean region as one unit (local region). As Action planning for the
tourism development as sustainable strategy step forward to reduce the unsustainable development in our
Mediterranean coastal map.
Why and how GI is used:
Now days, GI is source of strong data base on sort of Geographic's maps. So, these help my research to provide all the
information in strong relation which helps in a way to Work out with all the Mediterranean area as one local unity. In
order to conserve and improve sustains development using our coastal landscape resource. The research has passed
with first phase which was development for the frame work to analysis the Mediterranean costal landscape. I have
used the GI to understanding the transformation for the Mediterranean coastal landscape and point out the tourism
impact into the Mediterranean coastal landscape.
The next phase will be make data base for the area by analysis with the research framework to each country in our
Mediterranean coastal landscape… so GI with the new step will be the collector for the research analyses results. So
with GI our base data network will be construction; With the workshop in the next conference will help the research
step forward in a way to integrate the GI to the research frame work. this collector will help to create at the end the
action regional planning for the Mediterranean area, and will help the users to access to the action planning and used
the recommendations to help them to create anew visions to our Mediterranean costal with sustains development
way.
Addressed users:
The research users, is different kind of users. As, who work with the development along the Mediterranean coastal
within these institutions is the governances or investments mans who are working with the tourism development along
the shore line. On the other hand, With GI will help by internet points give access to different kinds of users to add
information and integrate with the research system by satiate maps to be updates with all the changes along the
coastal within natural impacts ( geology- ecological- agriculture,… ) or human impacts (economic, land use, ………..).
So with GI as information collector system, the research project will development by the integration with the different
kind of users in away to give the research system the new updates along the coastal. The research project offers to the
user's different kind of information (natural- human) by the recommendations which help them to create sustains
development for the area and help to take sustain decisions for our natural and human resources in the Mediterranean
area to conserve the living resources and create an sustain development for this resources.
Geographic area:
Country: Mediterranean countries
Region : Mediterranean region
Geographic data:
Kind of data (ex. land-use map, sampling
points…)
HUMAN IMPACT
CHARACTERISTICS
LINE/EDGES
GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS
PATTERNS OF SPATIAL ORGANIZATION
CULTURAL TRADITIIONS
FUNCTION
LANDUSE
PUBLIC ACCESSIBILITY
COMMUNICATION FACILITIES
INFRASTRUCTURE
VISUAL ASPECTS
PANORAMICVIEW
FEATURES
Format (ex.
geotiff, shape
file…)
Availability
(present/plann
ed)
Lines
Maps
photos
Application
these analyses
into two case
study
Sharm el
sheikh
Genoa
Provider (ex.
local
administration,
XY University,…)
governances
Details (optional)
investments
mans
scientist
researchers
landscape
researchers
48
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
NATURAL I MPACT
CHARACTERISTICS
WATERWAYS
GEOMORPHOLOGIC
VEGETATION
ECOLOGICAL
FLORA & FAUNA
QUALITYOF WATER
VISUAL ASPECTS
COMPLEXES OF LANDSCAPE
FEATURES
Lines
Maps
photos
governances
investments
mans
scientist
researchers
Potential/actual problems:
As, The Mediterranean, the center of the world for thousands of years, is the meeting point of three continents bringing
together civilizations of diverse cultures and religions, characterized by a wider range of natural environments and
historical influences, all in a narrow coastal strip of a semi-enclosed sea. Tourism has always been one of the most
important economic and social development activities in the Mediterranean coastal regions enhanced by its rich history
and natural environment.
Coastal Tourism comes in a very crucial intersection point of land and sea which forms a unique resource combination
at their border line. Based on these resources, various job opportunities are offered with profitable services in many
coastal destinations. According to that high importance of the Mediterranean coastal line, it was chosen to be studied.
This study includes the changes of the coastal line of the Mediterranean region and its evaluation with sustainable
guidelines. So after the first phase of my Master thesis I have studied well the transformation and the potentials,
importance and living resources for the Mediterranean coastal, on other hand, understanding the tourism development
impacts on the Mediterranean coastal ( advantages and disadvantage)
The research with the master thesis has through using the evaluation matrix previously discussed, investigated the
presence of some weakness points: mainly concerning the lack of some necessary data in the other complementary
field of studies. This includes important aspects as: environmental, ecological and economic. Therefore, this research is
still subjected to further development from other perspectives.
Recommendations:
From my view now, after going on with the research, to my colleges who work with similar projects to provide a good
networks, divided the work and try to evaluate the final work after each stage. Open the possibility to share the
information between different countries to integrate the different users. The various between the different culture rich
the research stages as step forward. On other hand will be great to integrate different aspects to same point to study
the research form different perspectives.
10.
The Geographical Information Systems and Mining Risk Management
Inmaculada Martinez Alba
University of Seville, Department of Human Geography, (ES)
Point of contact:
Reference person JUAN LUIS SUÁREZ DE VIVERO
Organisation DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. UNIVERSITY OF SEVILLE (SPAIN)
Address C/ MARIA DE PADILLA S/N, 41004, SEVILLE
Tel. +34 954 55 13 65 / 11 67
Fax. +34 954556987
e-mail vivero@us.es
Rationale:
Create a regional enterprise network information management and decision-support system to provide information on
the potential and actual risks of large-scale industrial spills to the environment and society by:
 Integrating and analysing thematic and risk information on potential impact areas of a spill.
 Identifying, characterising, quantifying, and assessing the environmental and societal threat, risk, and potential
and actual impact of a spill.
 Accessing the system from fixed and mobile-wireless devices via regional enterprise networks (Internet), using
terrestrial and satellite telecommunication networks.

Incorporating advance data and information collection, analysis, visualisation, communication, and management
technologies.

Prototype system will be developed and tested using data and information obtained from mine tailings dam sites in
Greece, Italy, Spain, and Portugal.

Generically designed to address any other types of large-scale industrial spills.
49
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
Aims:
To provide information and insight on the potential and actual risks and impact to an environment and society of largescale industrial spills, thereby permitting more effective prevention, mitigation, contingency planning, and emergency
response prior to and after a spill by:
Providing comprehensive and timely environmental and societal information on the threat and risk of a spill.
Providing the means for rapid and convenient updating of the information.
Providing ready and easy access to the information from the office or field.
Permit better informed decision-making related to pre-disaster preparedness (risk assessment, prevention, &
mitigation) and post-disaster response (co-ordination, control, & recovery) activities.
Allow authorities to choose the most appropriate risk prevention, reduction, and management approaches from a set of
options, based on site characterisation and risk analysis studies, including social, economic, legal, and political aspects.
Create a regional enterprise network information management and decision-support system to provide information on
the potential and actual risks of large-scale industrial spills to the environment and society by:
Integrating and analysing thematic and risk information on potential impact areas of a spill.
Identifying, characterising, quantifying, and assessing the environmental and societal threat, risk, and potential and
actual impact of a spill.
Expected results:
The information management and decision-support system will:
▪
Provide new kinds of metadata and information on the prevention, mitigation, and control of spills.
▪
Allow a better understanding of the potential or actual environmental and socio-economic impact of a spill for
improved risk management and identifying ‘best’ risk prevention or reduction actions to be taken.
▪
Enhance decision-making related to pre-disaster activities (risk assessment, prevention, mitigation, and
preparedness), emergency management, and post-disaster activities (response, control, and recovery).
2. Expand the knowledge base on disaster prevention, preparedness, response, mitigation, and recovery planning
(disaster management).
3. Increase public perception, awareness, and communication of the dangers that industrial spills pose to an
ecosystem and society and thereby permit public participation in the decision-making and risk management
process.
4. Foster the development of regional, national, and pan-national infrastructures and networks to share information
on the prevention, mitigation, and control of, response to, and recovery from a spill.
Why and how GI is used:
▪
Satellite Earth observation data.
▪
Dam break & surface discharge modelling.
▪
Socio-economic impact & cost-benefit analysis.
▪
Risk analysis.
▪
Information visualisation.
▪
Information management & decision-support system.
Satellite Earth Observation Data
Characterise the chief environmental & societal elements under threat from a spill and the environmental
factors controlling its dispersion.
Provide synoptic information on the threatened ‘downstream’ environmental and societal elements at spatial
resolutions ranging from 30 m to sub-metre, and scales from1:25 000 to 1:5 000, or less.
Derive high resolution digital elevation (DEM), terrain (DTM), and surface models (DSM) obtained from satellite
stereo imagery and other sources, to identify and characterise the topographic and terrain features and factors
controlling the dispersion of a spill.
Addressed users:
▪
▪
Support more timely and better co-ordinated disaster response among civil protection agencies.
Make pertinent information on a potential or actual spill more readily available to environmental and civil
protection agencies, when, where, and as needed, particularly in emergency situations.
Geographic area: Almagrera (HUELVA, SW SPAIN)
Country SPAIN
Region ANDALUSIAN
Geographic data:
Please provide a list of geographic data you need/have to implement the project. Feel free to add rows if necessary.
Kind of data (ex. land-use
map, sampling points,…)
Format (ex. geotiff,
shape file,…)
SOCIOECONOMIC DATA
RASTER (TIF, DMT,
TIN)
Availability
(present/planned)
Provider (ex. local
administration, XY
University,…)
UNIVERSITY
Details (optional)
50
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
PHYSICAL DATA
SHAPEFILE
REGIONAL
ADMINISTRATION
Potential/actual problems:
Several Data are related by region not by NUTS3
11.
Regional vulnerability analysis to storm impacts in the Catalan coast
E. Tonatiuh Mendoza Ponce
Universidad Politecnica de Catalunya, (ES)
Point of contact:
Reference person
Organisation
Address
Tel.
Fax.
e-mail
URL
E. Tonatiuh Mendoza Ponce
Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya
Jordi Girona 1-3, Modul D-1, Despatx 103-C
+34 93 401 7392
+34 93 401 1861
tonatiuh.mendoza@upc.edu
Rationale:
The impact of storms in coastal areas induces a series of morphodynamic responses such as beach and dune erosion,
overwash and/or inundation of low-lying areas. When this happens in human developed –urbanized- areas, this is
usually accompanied by damages to infrastructure and affectation of coastal uses and resources. Regarding this, some
of the usual (and important) needs of coastal managers are to know the source of existing potential hazards, to
evaluate the expected magnitude of processes inducing such damages along the coast and, to assess their probability
of occurrence. In most of the cases, the probability of occurrence of these events is one of the first things being
evaluated. A typical example of this is the common existence of calculations of extreme wave climates for most of the
developed worldwide coasts. However, this is only a small part of the solution of the problem since even in that case,
managers still need to know the induced response and, more important, the associated coastal vulnerability to these
processes.
Aims:
The main objective of the work was to develop a methodology to estimate the coastal vulnerability to storm impacts at
a regional and local scale. The developed methodology consists in a five-step procedure: (i) characterization of the
forcing – storm classification – in the study area; (ii) evaluation of the induced beach response – measured in terms of
inundation and erosion -, (iii) coastal zone characterization – a GIS database comprising data on all the beaches along
the Catalan coast has been created-, (iv) definition of a coastal vulnerability index to storms – a composite of two
partial vulnerability estimations, the flood vulnerability and the erosion vulnerability indices-, and (v) assessment of
the coastal vulnerability.
51
Geo-spatial Technologies, 23rd - 28th July 2007, Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
Abstract Booklet
Expected results:
A framework to estimate coastal vulnerability to storm impacts at a regional and local scale. It has been derived for
the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean) but can be easily adapted to other coasts. The framework estimates the
physical vulnerability of the coast to storm by separately estimating two partial hazards: inundation and erosion.
Instead of estimating the vulnerability associated to a given set of wave conditions, the method assesses the
vulnerability induced by representative storms of the area. To do this, storms are previously classified using a 5-class
system similar to that used for hurricanes (weak, moderate, significant, severe and extreme). This permits coastal
managers to associate a given set of wave conditions to one storm class and, to the corresponding vulnerability map of
the Catalan coast, where they can easily and rapidly identify the sensitive areas to such storm conditions.
The selected functional relationship to define the flood vulnerability index, FVI, is based on the ratio of a total water
level associated to the storm class and the actual beach width. The former one is obtained from statistics of
calculations of wave runups and surges for all storms within a class and, as larger the number of storms are, the more
robust the estimation will be. In the calculations included here, class-IV and V storms are represented by a very low
number (as expected because they have been classified as severe and extreme events and their probability of
occurrence is low). Due to this, it is recommended to update the total water level estimations as new storms of these
types are recorded.
With respect to the beach height, the actual database incorporates the topographic data published for all the beaches
by the Institut Cartografic de Catalunya. As this is a variable that can be significantly affected by coastal dynamics, it
is recommended to periodically update their values and, especially when extreme events occur.
At present, this flood vulnerability index is being combined with the erosion vulnerability index into a composite coastal
vulnerability index. Although it is important to know the overall coastal vulnerability, it is also important to retain the
partial ones because induced damages and/or implications of inundation and erosion may be significantly different in a
coastal stretch. Moreover, although their magnitude is usually related, there are combinations of storm conditions and
beach characteristics resulting in processes of different magnitude (dominance of flooding or erosion). Finally, this
information can be easily combined with socio-economic and environmental data of the surroundings of beaches to
extend the estimation of vulnerability from the physical one to the other components of the coastal system.
Why and how GI is used:
The GIS provides the best framework to integrate different features and to handle information at different scales
(regional and local).
The GI is used for the development of the storm vulnerability index adding the different layers such as beach database
(basic beach characteristics ), specific local beaches (detailed topographic information for any beach to be analyzed),
land use and storm variability (spatial variation along the coast), along with some formulations which can be viewed in
a aggregated or disaggregated manner.
Addressed users:
Coastal managers, coastal environmental officials, coastal engineers.
Geographic area:
Spain
Catalonia
Geographic bounding box
West Bounding Coordinate: 280000 ( 0.32 )
East Bounding Coordinate: 529000 ( 3.44 )
North Bounding Coordinate:4699000( 42.64 )
South Bounding Coordinate:4488000( 40.31 )
Projection
UTM European datum 1950 Z 31 N
Geographic data:
Kind of data (ex. land-use
map, sampling points,…)
Format (ex. geotiff,
shape file,…)
Availability
(present/planned)
Catalonia
shape file
Present
Catalan coast line
shape file
Present
Catalan sandy beach data
base (250 m buffer form
coast line)
Land use
shape file
Present
shape file
Present
HIPOCAS Wave model
nodes
Shape file
present
Provider (ex. local
administration, XY
University,…)
Catalan cartography
institute
Details (optional)
UPC derived from
orto-images
UPC
Generalitat de
Catalunya
Puertos del Estado
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WANA Wave model nodes
Malgrat beach topography
Malgrat beach bathymetry
Shape file
Shape file
Shape file
present
present
present
Puertos del Estado
UPC
UPC
Potential/actual problems:
Since it covers a great extension 700 km it is hard to update the coastal line
Recommendations:
Since one of the basis of the Vulnerability index is the inherent beach characteristics It is recommended to periodically
update the beach data base especially when extreme events occur.
12. Modelling Critical Coastal Ecosystems. A Study on the Marine Turtle
Nesting Habitats in the Mediterranean
Nima Moin
ITC International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, (NL)
Point of contact:
Reference person: Nima Moin
Organisation: ITC International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation
Address: c/o Dr.Toxopeus, PO Box 6, 7500AA Enschede, Netherlands
Tel. +31 638 606967
Fax.
e-mail: moin14745@itc.nl
URL www.itc.nl
Rationale:
Sandy coastlines serve as the habitat for numerous species such as the endangered marine turtles that are dependent
on such ecosystems for nesting. The environmental parameters that govern nesting behaviour of sea turtles have not
been evidently understood yet and are the subject of many hypotheses.
Aims:
The aim of this study is to identify and picture sea turtle nesting habitat suitability criteria in the Mediterranean region.
A GIS-based model is used to analyze nesting density and its dependency on selected oceanographic variables at a
Mediterranean scale.
Expected results:
The results of the study imply that long term uncontrolled anthropogenic impacts counteract the predominant
environmental nesting suitability factors.
Why and how GI is used:
At Mediterranean scale a Maxent model was used to predict the potentially suitable coastal areas based on sea
bathymetry, sea surface temperature and radiation.
Addressed users:
This study would be useful for scientists and managers who are dealing with the conflicts between wildlife conservation
and nature exploitation.
Geographic area:
Please provide:
Country: Greece
Region: The Mediterranean
Geographic bounding box
46N 6W, 30N 37E. GCS-WGS 1984. D-WGS 1984
Geographic data:
Kind of data (ex. land-use
map, sampling points,…)
Format (ex. geotiff,
shape file,…)
Availability
(present/planned)
Seabathymetry
Sea Surface Temp
Radiation
1 minute grid
hdf
1 minute grid
Open source
Open source
Open Source
Provider (ex. local
administration, XY
University,…)
GEBCO
nodc.noaa
ESRA
Details (optional)
Potential/actual problems:
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Errors concerning nesting beach geographic locations in the peer reviewed publications
Inaccuracies in observation point recordings
Inaccuracies in coastline maps and RS data
Lack of documentation particularly concerning high impact single shot catastrophes
Data sharing still a problem
Coarse (poor resolution)remote sensing data
Recommendations:
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▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
13.
Encourage establishment of data clearing houses
Promote use of internet-based GIS sources among environmentally-concerned scientists
Support long-term conservation and data collection activities
Improve spatial resolution of RS data
Provide high resolution coastline maps
Ground truthing still a must
Prediction of ENSO signal recorded in the selected geophysical data
Tomasz Niedzielski
Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences & University of Wroclaw, (PL)
Point of contact:
Reference person: Tomasz Niedzielski
Organisation: (1) Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, (2) University of Wroclaw, Poland
Address (1): Bartycka 18A, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland
Tel. +48 22 840 37 66
Fax. +48 22 840 31 31
e-mail: niedzielski@cbk.waw.pl
URL: http://www.geom.uni.wroc.pl/niedzielski/
Rationale:
El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics remains one of the most unpredictable climatic phenomena. El Niño and
La Niña are driven by the extreme fluctuations of the tropical easterly winds. There are many indices of ENSO, which
allow one to analyse this oscillation quantitatively. Among others, Length-of-day (LOD) is associated with El Niño and
La Niña. Thus, ENSO signal can be noticed in LOD data. This implies that the prediction of LOD during El Niño/La Niña
events is difficult. Usually, the LOD predictions (or the predictions of its integral - Universal Time - UT1-UTC) are
inaccurate in the periods when El Niño/La Niña appear. Hence, the improvement of the LOD predictions during ENSO
events is an ongoing challenge.
ENSO dynamics can also be seen in the local sea level change in the equatorial Pacific. Thus, sea level anomalies
(SLAs) obtained by the TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 satellite altimetry provide the essential knowledge about El
Niño/La Niña signal. The properties of sea level rise predictions during El Niño/La Niña in the equatorial Pacific may
allow one to infer ENSO dynamics.
Aims:
The study aims to (1) improve the LOD/UT1-UTC forecast accuracy during El Niño and La Niña, (2) forecast sea level
change in the equatorial Pacific influenced by ENSO.
Expected results:
The results are available now. We have shown that the accuracy of LOD/UT1-UTC predictions can be improved using
the combined forecast solution based on: (1) polynomial-harmonic least-squares deterministic models and (2)
multivariate autoregressive processes. The improvement can be seen in both mean prediction errors and absolute
values of the differences between the data and the forecasts. The prediction of SLA data is performed in a 1 o x1o grids,
showing error statistics for dissimilar latitudes and longitude in the equatorial Pacific.
Why and how GI is used:
GI is relevant because the predictions are based upon the spatio-temporal time series. SLA data are being provided in
a 1o x1o grids with the temporal resolution of 10 days. Thus, the predictions are computed in each individual raster
and the results are visualized as a surface map.
Addressed users:
Scientists (geodesists, space scientists, climatologists, geophysicists, oceanographers, meteorologists, marine
scientists), coastal managers, governmental water management and international prediction centres.
Geographic area:
Region: Global (with the particular look at the equatorial Pacific)
Geographic bounding box: longitude interval: not limited, latitude interval: 65oS - 65oN; in 1o x 1o grids.
Geographic data:
Kind of data (ex. land-use
map, sampling points,…)
Format (ex. geotiff,
shape file,…)
Availability
(present/planned)
UT1-UTC/LOD
*.dat
In the Internet
SLA
*.dat
In the Internet
Provider (ex. local
administration, XY
University,…)
(http://hpiers.obsp
m.fr/eoppc/eop/
http://www.csr.utex
as.edu/sst/
Details (optional)
Earth Orientation
Parameters
Sea level anomalies
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Potential/actual problems:
The computation of SLA forecasts for the entire equatorial Pacific is very time-consuming and requires a considerable
computation power.
Recommendations:
The SLA and LOD/UT1-UTC predictions may provide a wealth of information for: Global Geodetic Observing System
(GGOS) of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), International Earth Rotation and Reverence System Service
(IERS), and Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign (EOP PCC).
14. The Use of Earth Observation in Monitoring the Dynamics of Morecambe
Bay Saltmarsh Distribution and Extent (MARSH)
Brian O'Connor
University College Cork, Coastal and Marine Resources Centre (CMRC), (IE)
Point of contact:
Reference person Brian O’ Connor
Organisation Coastal and Marine Resources Centre (CMRC), University College Cork
Address CMRC, Naval Base, Haulbowline Island, Cobh, Co. Cork, Ireland
Tel. 00353 21 4703116
Fax.00353 21 4703132
e-mail brian.oconnor@ucc.ie
URL http://cmrc.ucc.ie
Rationale:
The E.U. Habitats Directive states that local authorities must be responsible in regularly reporting the species status of
special areas of conservation (SACs) and devising management plans for their preservation
Though field observations and measurements are of fundamental importance in studying any natural habitat, the
greater spatial scale that can be studied by remote sensing means has proved invaluable in monitoring of coastal
habitats
The potential role for earth observation imagery in cost-effectively providing a saltmarsh habitat classification was
discussed by the Lancaster City Council (LCC) and British National Space Centre (BNSC) in order to inform and guide
engineering services operations, as well as to conform to environmental and conservation objectives and shoreline
management plans.
Ecological experts from the Countryside Council for Wales (CCW) provided input on the habitat classes to be defined
The proposed processing chain, integrated into present operational processing systems, will inform and guide
engineering services operations, as well as help to conform to environmental and conservation objectives and
shoreline management plans
Aims:
To provide a methodology for the processing of satellite imagery from the raw product to a classified map in a
prototype GIS
To assess the potential of cost effectively using satellite imagery for coastal habitat discrimination
To attempt to quantify error through all steps of the processing chain and to minimise it where possible
To deliver a final GIS product to the end user as an aid in planning and engineering projects
Expected results:
A prototype GIS decision support system with classified habitat maps and other ancillary data developed in ArcGIS 9.2
Experimentation with different fusion techniques, classification algorithms and methods of error analysis will provide
the most efficient means of processing an image while minimising error
Why and how GI is used:
Integrated into an operational system, GI can be queried by the user through interaction and consultation with other
end users
GI permits the user to combine locational data with other ancillary data which is useful to assess the spatial and
temporal distribution of coastal saltmarsh vegetation.
The aim of the fieldwork element of the project is to gather GI and assimilate it into the GIS and to assess the
accuracy of classification outputs
Addressed users:
These investigations are used to frame guidelines and recommendations for the analysis of saltmarsh habitats from
space.
LCC is the primary user for the end products of this project with CCW using the outputs form the North Wales section
of the project. In addition, the project sponsors, BNSC, will pass on the results of this project to other local authorities
in the UK if deemed successful in addressing their aims.
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Geographic area:
Country Sites in northern England and Wales
Region Morecambe Bay, Lancaster, The Dee Estuary
Geographic bounding box
Morecambe Bay (54˚07″, -2˚57″), Dee Estuary (53˚18″, -3˚11″), Transverse Mercator (Airy), Ordnance Survey Great
Britain 1936
Geographic data:
Kind of data (ex. land-use
map, sampling points,…)
Format (ex. geotiff,
shape file,…)
Availability
(present/planned)
Aerial Photo
Image file
Present
Lidar imagery
Image file
Present
Satellite Imagery
Geotiff
Present
Satellite Imagery
Geotiff
Present
Fieldwork Data
Shapefile
Present
Provider (ex. local
administration, XY
University,…)
Local Administration
(LCC)
Local Administration
(LCC)
Local Administration
and University
purchased (UCC)
University
purchased (UCC)
Research team
Details (optional)
SPOT 2,4 and 5
IRS P6 LISS3
Way Points and
training sites
Potential/actual problems:
Bottlenecks in the processing chain, including error assessment and lengthy running time for fusion algorithms
Establishing the correct sequence of image processing steps from pre-processing to final analysis
The manageability of working with many large data files from multiple sources
Positional error is unavoidable in taking GPS points in the field as is subjectivity in georegistering imagery
Recommendations:
Spatial resolutions of 10m or higher are appropriate for mapping of the habitats.
Imagery acquired between April and September are the most appropriate.
Visible and near-infrared channels are appropriate for such mapping.
Tools and methods developed need to be transferable to operational environments.
15.
FURBS: Sustainable urban form - Methodological Approach for Portugal
Rui Miguel Pinto Papudo
IGP - Geographic Portuguese Institute, (PT)
Point of contact:
Rui Miguel Pinto Papudo
Geographic Portuguese Institute
Rua Artilharia Um, 10, 1099-052 Lisboa/ Portugal
Tel. 00351 213 819 600
Fax. 00351 213 819 656
e-mail: rpapudo@igeo.pt
URL: http://www.igeo.pt/
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Rationale:
In the last decade, the urban form theme discussion has been growing of importance at the portuguese context,
basically related with urban quickness development and urban and regional policy. This project is a contribution for
the discussion improves. So, as main purposes:
▪
Establish an indicators-key set for sustainable urban form analysis;
▪
Develop an urban form evolution analysis methodology applied specifically for the portuguese context.
This project is a methodological one, structured into nine (9) different tasks. Firstly, a theoretical discussion related
to literature and policy review, fundamental to forward tasks. As it was write before, this is an important step for the
second task, analyse, because the sustainable urban form, as a spatial phenomena, is divided into two analytic
criteria:
1. The territory “structure” characteristics;
2. Specific “flows”.
These two criteria have several analysis dimensions. The first one give us a territory snapshot and includes several
provisional analysis dimensions which characterise the urban form, such as:
▪
Urban network and settlement;
▪
Infrastructures network, such as transportation;
▪
Services provisions;
▪
Housing domain;
▪
Morphology and territory land use.
The second one basically refers to the different dynamic aspects that influence the urban form evolution.
Simultaneously to this discussion and definition of the analysis dimensions, a preliminary indicators list is presented
in strictly connection to the previously defined analysis dimensions.
Thirdly, an indicators list settlement specifically for remote sensing data based indexes.
Fourthly, a second indicators settlement specifically for statistical data based indexes, selected and tested beyond
availability criteria for the portuguese reality and adjusted to local scale analysis.
Fifthly, present an urban morphology territory typology for the portuguese context.
Sixthly, empirically based case studies development in order to improve knowledge in urban form and spatial
planning evolution in Portugal. They are representative of some specific aspects or phenomena of urbanization form
and their consequences to urban form development (such as private mobility patterns, housing and second housing
spread, network cities, methodologies for urban form measure and spatial development indicators).
Seventhly, present an integrated model that could provide a powerful future scenario generation tool to apply on
urban planning strategy for recognise, measure, understand and anticipate the different urban dynamics and
consequences.
Eighthly and ninthly, establish an indicators-key set for urban form measure, settle a territory morphological
typology and, at last, an urban form evolution model. These are the main expected results for this final two tasks.
Besides, recommendations for monitoring and policies development are previewed to be present also.
Aims:
The main project purpose is to develop a methodology for achieve an analytic urban form evolution model and apply,
at the end, to the portuguese case. This is supported by an indicators-key set that represents different dimensions of
the sustainable urban form.
As secondary aims:
▪
Identify and analyse all the mechanisms and factors that characterised the current urbanization patterns
and discuss is real importance for Portugal;
▪
International, national and regional/ local level policy orientations synopsis applied on several countries;
▪
Identify the several regional urban systems and its play role at the portuguese context;
▪
Establish an indicators-key set to apply on sustainable urban form analysis as well to achieve an urban form
sustainability evaluation methodology.
All these purposes will end in a final report compose by several conclusions and recommendations to apply on spatial
planning, land management and urban development.
Expected results:
Innovate the sustainable urban system model. This, as all we know, produces new patterns, several problems and
opportunities. This purpose is a real test for geography and geographers and could clarify the straight way to
improve the aptness for spatial planning, territorial scenarios anticipation and simulation.
In this case, the major FURBS purpose is to demonstrate how can geocomputation and WebGIS tools be used to
characterize and establish models concerning the Portuguese, costal or no costal, urban agglomerations. So, FURBS,
as a research project, will contribute as privileged tool for improve sustainable urban development policies
discussion.
This project will provide to both final users – Geographic Portuguese Institute (IGP) and Urban Development and
Spatial Planning Directorate-General (DGOTDU) - a WebGIS tool for an effective spatial planning and territorial
management. Besides this, the results dissemination and awareness among potential users and stakeholders will be
mainly based on the project website, closely related to SNIG (National Spatial Data Infrastructure), despite this, we
will also use more traditional and direct contact channels such as, workshops, newsletters and a printed book.
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Why and how GI is used:
This research project will explore the major remote sensing potentialities, such as high detail and high temporal
frequency synoptic views. Remote sensing tools can be used for mapping urban features, land cover types, detailed
land cover use or urban infrastructure from that can be derived secondary socioeconomic parameters and urban
infrastructure not perceptible elements.
Remote sensing tools contributes also for a better spatial cities heterogeneity representation, a counter tendency to
the limitations of models that tend to reduce geographic space to the single dimension of distance, thereby hiding
important spatial patterns in land use and landscape features (IRWIN and GEOGHEGAN, 2001). Furthermore,
empirical studies have substantiated the use of both spatial metrics and remote sensing in urban environment
(ALBERTI and WADDELL, 2000; HEROLD et al., 2001; PARKER et al., 2001), establishing them as a priority for cities
future exploration and evaluation (BATTY and HOWES, 2001; CLARKE et al., 2002; LONGLEY and MESEV, 2000;
LONGLEY et al., 2001).
Recently, there has been a growing interest in spatial metrics apply for urban environment analysis. PARKER et al.
(2001) enounced the spatial metrics utility for urban socioeconomic applications, urban, rural and integrated models.
He also investigated theoretical urban land use patterns and concluded that the composition and pattern reflected in
spatial metrics are critical, independent and it could be classified as one of the economic geography theme
components. Spatial metrics can be used as an improved representation of spatial urban characteristics. ALBERTI
and WADDELL (2000) proposed specific spatial metrics for urban land use/ cover models that incorporate human and
ecological processes.
BARNSLEY and BARR (1997) explored graph theory for mapping urban and use structures representations, after
applied a framework called XRAG to described graph relations and characteristics of urban land cover objects
(‘‘graphtown’’) that were based on digital vector data sets. Later they extended their work to include remote sensing
data (BARR and BARNSLEY, 2000) as they considered remote sensing an important source of data for spatial metric
analysis as it describes the spatial heterogeneity of landscapes.
Addressed users:
Urban and regional planners, policy makers in general.
Geographic area:
Portugal
The project will be developed at a national level, giving an equal value for the impacts that will be achieve in the five
(5) different Portuguese, costal and not costal, regions (it excludes Madeira and Azores Autonomous Region).
Geographic data:
Kind of data
Availability
Provider
High resolution digital ortophotos Geotiff
Format
present
IGP
1:10.000 digital cartography
Shap File
present
IGP
Human indicators
Excell
present
National Statistic Institute
Spatial planning indicators
Excell
planned
National Statistic
Institute/ DGOTDU/ IGP
Details
Potential/actual problems:
One of the biggest problems in this research project is to identify, with remote sensing resources, the different kinds
of, costal or not costal, urban form.
Another problem is the spatial planning indicators settlement. This kind of data just doesn’t exist, so, the research
group need to establish a new set but, before this, we need to decide and establish a good choose criteria for the two
different indicators sets.
16. Integrated Coastal Zone Management of East Mediterranean Coastlines:
Northern Lebanon
Francesca Santoro
International Marine Centre Foundation, (IT)
Point of contact:
Reference person Francesca Santoro
Organisation International Marine Centre Foundation
Address Località Sa Mardini-Torregrande (OR)-Italy
Tel. 0039 0783 22027
Fax. 0039 0783 22002
e-mail f.santoro@imc-it.org
URL www.imc-it.org
Rationale:
Lebanon is currently suffering from the legacy of the civil war that witnessed the unregulated development of the
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coastal zones coupled with the lack of awareness on the need for the integrated management of the coastlines. Based
on the World Bank/ERM report (1995), the coastal zone, which covers 16% of the Lebanese territory, shelters about
67% of the total population with an average density of 1549 person/km 2 (compared with an average national
population density of 364 person/km2). This high urbanisation along the coast exerts great pressure on coastal
resources and increases the risk of pollution, and biodiversity and habitat loss.
Several problems are plaguing measures to protect coastal and marine habitats and ensure their long-term
sustainability. The Lebanese cost suffers from uncontrolled urban sprawl, increased privatisation of the shorefront,
reduced public access to the beach, solid waste dumping and landfills on the shore and in valleys, insufficient
protection of strategic water resources and increased air pollution from transport vehicles, power plants, and
industries.
A large percentage of the Lebanese territory lack of coastal, regional, and national land use plans, planning authorities
are poorly-defined, responsibilities for environmental management are overlapping and uncoordinated. Man dates of
national authorities are highly sectorial.
Aims:
The project objective is to stimulate sustainable development of coastal zones with positive effects for standard of
living and ecosystem health, to promote tools for and raise awareness of the benefits of integrated coastal zone
management (ICZM) in Lebanon and in the East Mediterranean. In order to establish ICZM in the target area, the
project’s purpose is to provide an action plan for the adoption of a cycle management process that includes the
establishment of goals, the development of a strategy, the implementation of activities, as well as continuous
evaluation and adaptation of the process.
Expected results:
Increasing awareness of all stakeholders regarding sustainable management of coastal zones
Increasing knowledge on environmental, economical, and social situation of North Lebanon
Establishment of a monitoring system for North Lebanon coastline
Establish collaboration among different sectors of the Lebanese society on coastal management issues
Addressed users:
Academia
National, regional, and local authorities
Civil society
Geographic area:
Please provide:
Country Lebanon
Region North Lebanon
The Mouhafaza of North Lebanon lies between latitudes 34° 22' - 34° 37' and longitudes 35° 65' - 36° 20'
Geographic data:
Provider (ex. local
administration, XY
University,…)
Will be bought
Kind of data (ex. land-use
map, sampling points,…)
Format (ex. geotiff,
shape file,…)
Availability
(present/planned)
Satellite data (ASTER and
Quickbird)
Aerial photographs
Geotiff
Planned
Land use map
Shape file
Present
Digitalised bathymetry
Shape file
Present
Sampling points
Shape file
Planned
National Council of
Research
National Council of
Research
National Council of
Research
University
Erosion vulnerability map
Shape file
Planned
University
Present
Details (optional)
Potential/actual problems:
Potential problems regards the collaboration between different institutions in Lebanon for the availability of data
Recommendations:
In similar projects the collaboration among different sectors of the society is necessary. Great attention must be put on
the needs of the local community that is the first beneficiary of projects results.
Tools for communication of results are very important, and GI can also be used for this purposes.
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ECO-IMAGINE Training Course
"GEO-SPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES"
Aberdeen, July 23rd – 28th 2007
Convenor: University of Aberdeen
MSCF-CT-2003-504444
Kindly Supported By
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