Laboratory: [Add text to this section if applicable.] Clinical: The Minneapolis/St. Paul metropolitan area has a rich resource of health care agencies and service organizations. There is a strong tradition of support and cooperation between these agencies and organizations and the University of Minnesota. The School of Nursing has over 200 contacts and/or contracts with these agencies and organizations. The proposed research studies will take advantage of the excellent collaborative relationship between the investigator and the agencies, as shown by the attached letters of support from xxxxxxx Computer: Computer facilities at the University of Minnesota range from micro-computing laboratories to state-of-the-art supercomputers interconnected by a fiber-optic Ethernet backbone. Faculty and students have access to an extensive system of computer services for research and instruction through Academic and Distributed Computing Services. All faculty members have a computer and printer in their office that can be used for tasks specific to their roles. Numerous additional computers are available to staff at their workstations and to students in the doctoral student offices and computer laboratories. A variety of software packages is available, including SAS-PC, SPSS, Excel, Word, WordPerfect, Harvard Graphics, Access, and FileMaker Pro. Office: Established in 1909, the University of Minnesota School of Nursing is the oldest nursing school on a university campus in the United States. The School of Nursing offers a B.A. program, a masters program, and a Ph.D. program. The school is housed in WeaverDensford Hall (WDH), which includes teaching, research, and office facilities. The School of Nursing will provide a research office. Other: The University of Minnesota is the state land-grant university, with a strong tradition of education and public service, and a major research institution, with scholars of national and international reputation. More than 50,000 students are enrolled in 20 different colleges on the Twin Cities Campus. The Graduate School offers more than 150 masters and doctoral degree programs covering virtually every area of academic inquiry. The wide breadth of program offerings provides graduate students with multiple opportunities for interdisciplinary study. Located on the Twin Cities Campus, the Academic Health Center (AHC) is an integral part of the University of Minnesota. Within the AHC, faculty and students from nursing, medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, public health, and other relevant disciplines collaborate on research and health care delivery projects. A number of Academic Health Center and University-wide interdisciplinary research and education centers exist and include School of Nursing faculty as active members or participants. Those of direct relevance to this proposed project include the following. [Add relevance to project under each center and any specific resources to be used. Note if investigator is center member. Cut portions with no relevance.] The School of Nursing’s Center for Child and Family Health Promotion Research was created to address critical issues such as high rates of unintended pregnancies, infant mortality, and morbidity, as well as childhood and adolescent disease and disability that are higher in the U.S. than in most developed countries. Its mission is to improve the health of infants, children, adolescents, parents, and families through the development and dissemination of evidence-based knowledge of effective interventions and best practices in primary and secondary prevention. Research focuses on promoting the health of childbearing and childrearing families; improving the quality of life for children with special health care needs and their families; promoting health with vulnerable adolescents; improving the access and quality of care for children and families from diverse cultural backgrounds; and designing and evaluating interventions related to topics such as home visitation programs, child passenger safety, the prevention of hearing loss, tobacco cessation, and violence prevention. The Center for Children with Special Health Care Needs, housed in the School of Nursing, is one of six Nursing Education Leadership Programs funded by the Maternal Child Health Bureau. Established in 1993, its goal is to prepare advanced practice nurses in the care of children with special health needs. The center sponsors innovative masters and doctoral nursing and continuing education programs that focus on leadership development and the delivery of family-centered, culturally competent care. The Children, Youth and Family Consortium (CYFC) was established by the University of Minnesota to provide leadership, coordination, and a strong infrastructure for University and community partnerships that address the pressing needs of children, youth, and families and the communities that support them. Since its inception, the consortium has acted as a catalyst for cross-disciplinary research, teaching, and outreach; actively seeking out opportunities for partnerships with community organizations; and linking research to practice and policy making. More than 9,000 individuals and organizations participate in the CYFC, including faculty, staff, and students from the University of Minnesota, and educators, practitioners, health care professionals, foundation leaders, business people, and public officials from throughout the State of Minnesota. The Adolescent Health Training Program (AHTP) is one of seven interdisciplinary programs in the U.S. dedicated to preparing health professionals for leadership roles in adolescent health. The research, service, and training mission of the AHTP is grounded in a conceptual framework of resiliency, designed to identify and enhance the competency of young people. Training focuses on interdisciplinary collaboration, multiculturalism, and an orientation to the health of populations as well as individuals. The goal of training is to prepare professionals who will assume leadership positions in both academic and public health sectors working with and on behalf of young people. Within the School of Nursing exists the only federally-funded Center for Adolescent Nursing, a center for graduate training, continuing education, dissemination of best practices, and research in adolescent health issues for nurses and other health disciplines. Grounded in public health and pediatric nursing, the center prepares advanced practice nurse leaders to promote the health of adolescents in the community. Fellows of the center include graduate students at both masters and doctoral levels. The Konopka Institute for Best Practices in Adolescent Health was established in January of 1998 as a special initiative of the Schools of Medicine‚ Nursing, and Public Health in the Academic Health Center of the University of Minnesota. The Konopka Institute is built on a foundation of research that articulates what has been demonstrated to be effective in healthy youth development. The Konopka Institute’s mission is to promote the adoption and adaptation of strategies‚ policies and systems that show the greatest promise of supporting healthy youth development. The National Teen Pregnancy Prevention Research Center is a collaborative center of the University of Minnesota’s Schools of Medicine, Nursing, and Public Health and the Carlson School of Management. It is the only prevention center funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to focus specifically on the prevention of teen pregnancy. The center provides interdisciplinary training to pregnancy prevention researchers and practitioners. The center partners with local, state and national pregnancy prevention and youth-serving organizations to facilitate extensive dissemination of research findings on best programs and practices related to teenage pregnancy prevention. The World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre in Adolescent Health, located within the Medical School’s Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, is one of three such centers worldwide (the others are in Kenya and France). The WHO Centre at the University of Minnesota provides technical assistance in adolescent health research and training for those throughout the Americas and around the world who work with youth. The Center on Aging (CoA) has been the focal point of aging research at the University of Minnesota for nearly 25 years. The mission of the CoA is to facilitate the University’s response to societal issues of an aging population by fostering basic and applied research as well as education that will help explicate the aging process and inform public policy. It provides opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration and learning for those dedicated to understanding the challenges faced by older persons and to optimizing their health and well-being. The CoA engages in a variety of activities, such as hosting an interdisciplinary research seminar series and an annual lecture and visit presented by a scholar with national recognition in aging, and providing annual student research grants, research awards, and faculty seed grants. In addition, the CoA coordinates the National Institute on Aging training program for predoctoral and postdoctoral fellows. Many of the outreach and education activities of the CoA are done under the aegis of the Minnesota Area Geriatric Education Center (MAGEC). This federally-supported program, which began in 1988, has been a vehicle for establishing, maintaining, and expanding many of the CoA key relationships around the state. The mission of the School of Nursing’s Center for Gerontological Nursing (CGN) is to lead gerontological nursing research, education, and practice by generating new knowledge, disseminating findings, and translating research into practice that is important locally and globally to improve the health of older individuals, their families, communities, and populations. The CGN builds upon the structure and work initiated by the Exploratory Center of Long-Term Care of Elders and broadens the focus to strengthen and expand nursing research on health promotion, symptom management, health restoration, and care delivery for elders. The center facilitates career development; fosters collaborative efforts among faculty, students, and the community related to gerontological nursing research; and promotes research dissemination. Center activities include a mentorship program, research seminars and roundtables, peer review of grant proposals and journal articles, a grant writing support group, and collaborations with community organizations and agencies. A grant from the John A. Hartford Geriatric Nursing Investment Program has funded a Gerontological Nursing Research Summit as well as the Geriatric Clinical Scholars Partnership program, which links students, faculty, and clinicians within the community to examine clinical or organizational problems related to the faculty members’ research. The CGN participates as a regional site for the University of Iowa’s Gerontological Nursing Intervention Research Center. Established in 1997 to help nurses confront today's pressing health care issues, the Katharine J. Densford International Center for Nursing Leadership offers opportunities to nurses in all stages of their careers. Based within the University of Minnesota's School of Nursing, it is a vehicle for addressing issues of concern to health care and nursing, for helping nurses develop as strong leaders and good partners, and for promoting nursing. Annual lectureships, an annual series of presentations that showcase nursing, a clinical scholars program, an undergraduate scholars program, and various nursing awards are among the many initiatives the center sponsors. The University of Minnesota's Center for Bioethics is a nationally prominent, locally focused resource that conducts important research and educational programs and services to help students, professionals, policy makers, and the public confront the complex ethical issues emerging in health care and the life sciences. The University of Minnesota, the state legislature, and a progressive health care-oriented community have helped make the center one of the most respected and highly visible bioethics programs in the country. Faculty from the Schools of Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing, Public Health, Law, and the College of Liberal Arts have developed a curriculum that is both theoretical and applied, and both focused and broad. The deans of these schools serve as the Center for Bioethics' Board of Directors. The Center for Excellence in Critical Care (CECC) consists of a multidisciplinary group of faculty from the Academic Health Center (Nursing, Medicine, Pharmacy), Fairview-University Medical Center, and community health professionals (nurses and physicians) engaged in research. The goals of the CECC are to improve critically ill patient experiences and quality of life; to increase interdisciplinary research; to improve post-graduate training in critical care; and to disseminate knowledge to enhance the health and well-being of all. The CECC is housed in the College of Pharmacy. Established in 1995, the Center for Spirituality and Healing (CSH) is a nationally recognized leader in integrative medicine, bringing together biomedical, complementary, cross-cultural, and spiritual care. The CSH is home to more than 15 staff and 25 interdisciplinary faculty and houses a graduate minor in Complementary Therapies and Healing Practice. More than 200 students from a broad range of disciplines are currently enrolled in these courses. The center is located in the Mayo Memorial Building, which also provides office space for the Medical School, the School of Public Health, and various laboratories and clinics. The Research Resource Center in the School of Nursing includes staff and equipment necessary to assist faculty with the grant production process. The resource center is housed on the same floor as faculty offices and includes a research reference library. Two full-time staff members work in the Research Resource Center. In addition, information technology specialists serve the research, teaching, and service missions of the school. The University of Minnesota Libraries system is one of the University’s and the state’s greatest intellectual and capital assets. Housed in five major facilities on the Twin Cities campus and numerous additional branch sites, the University Libraries is comprised of more than 6 million print volumes and nearly 37,000 serial subscriptions, making it the 16th largest research library in North America. The Libraries circulates more than one million items annually to students, faculty, and staff. The Bio-Medical Library collections support curricula and research of the Academic Health Center and the general public. The collections include approximately 460,000 volumes, 3,300 print journal subscriptions, and more than 3,000 electronic journal subscriptions and multimedia programs. Use of the Bio-Medical Library is enhanced through a variety of services including reference consultations, workshops and classes, librarian-mediated searches, and office calls.