CHAPTER 23 Biochemical Energy Production Test Bank TYPE I MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In each of the following multiple-choice questions, place the letter of the correct response in the blank at the left. There is only one correct response for each question. 23.1 a [Algorithmic]Which of the following statements about metabolism is correct? a) Catabolism includes all metabolic reactions in which large molecules are broken down into smaller ones. b) Catabolic reaction sequences usually consume energy. c) Anabolism is the sum total of all chemical reactions that take place within a cell. d) The process of digestion is an anabolic process. 23.2 d [Algorithmic]Which of the following statements about mitochondria is correct? a) Mitochondria contain a multi-folded outer membrane and an unfolded inner membrane. b) The space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane is called the matrix. c) The inner mitochondrial membrane separates the matrix and the ATP-synthase regions. d) Mitochondria are located within the cellular cytosol. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 259 260 Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production Test Bank Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Test Bank 23.3 23.4 c c Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production 261 Which of the following diagrams gives the correct identities and arrangement of the structural subunits in coenzyme A? a) pantothenic acid 2-aminoethanethiol phosphorylated ATP b) pantothenic acid 2-aminoethanethiol ADP c) 2-aminoethanethiol pantothenic acid phosphorylated ATP d) 2-aminoethanethiol pantothenic acid ADP The missing structural subunit in the following diagram for flavin adenine dinucleotide is flavin adenine a) b) c) d) ? phosphate ribose phosphate phosphate. ribose. ribitol. deoxyribose. 23.5 c The correct notation for the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a) NAD+. b) NAD. c) NADH. d) NADH2. 23.6 c Which of the following is a correct skeletal equation for a hydrolysis reaction involving adenosine phosphates? a) ATP ADP + 2Pi b) ADP AMP + 2Pi c) ATP AMP + PPi d) ATP ADP + PPi Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 262 Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production 23.7 a The “active” portion of coenzyme A is the a) sulfhydryl group of 2-aminoethanethiol. b) B vitamin pantothenic acid. c) phosphate group on carbon 3' of ribose. d) amino group of 2-aminoethanethiol. 23.8 a The “fuel” for the citric acid cycle is a) acetyl CoA. b) citric acid. c) citrate ion. d) oxaloacetate ion. 23.9 a Which of the following is a correct general description of the reaction that occurs in the first step of the citric acid cycle? a) C2 + C4 C6 b) C3 + C3 C6 c) C2 + C2 + C2 C6 d) C4 + C4 C6 + C2 23.10 c In which two steps of the citric acid cycle are molecules of carbon dioxide produced? a) steps 2 and 5 b) steps 3 and 5 c) steps 3 and 4 d) steps 4 and 6 23.11 b How many NADH and FADH2 molecules are produced, respectively, during one turn of the citric acid cycle? a) 2, 2 b) 3, 1 c) 1, 3 d) 2, 3 23.12 c [Algorithmic]Which of the following citric acid intermediates is not a C4 species? a) oxaloacetate b) succinate c) -ketoglutarate d) malate 23.13 b [Algorithmic]In which of the following listings of citric acid cycle intermediates are the compounds listed in the order in which they are encountered in a turn of the cycle? a) isocitrate, oxaloacetate, succinate b) succinate, malate, oxaloacetate c) fumarate, oxaloacetate, malate d) malate, fumarate, oxaloacetate Test Bank Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. 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Test Bank Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production 263 23.14 d At which step in the electron transport chain does O2 participate? a) first step b) second step c) next to last step d) last step 23.15 c The number of membrane-bound protein complexes associated with the electron transport chain is a) one. b) two. c) three. d) four. 23.16 b Which of the following electron carriers is not part of a membrane-bound protein complex in the electron transport chain? a) FeSP b) CoQ c) cyt c1 d) cyt a3 23.17 b Which of the following sets of electron carriers is associated with the electron transport chain reactions that occur at protein complex I? a) CoQ, FeSP, cyt b, cyt c b) NADH, FMN, FeSP, CoQ c) cyt c, cyt a, cyt a3 d) FADH2, FeSP, CoQ 23.18 c ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation depends on the passage of which of the following species through membrane-bound ATP synthase? a) NADH b) FADH2 c) H+ d) NAD+ 23.19 b [Algorithmic]How many moles of ATP result from the entry of one mole of FADH2 into the electron transport chain? a) 1 b) 1.5 c) 2 d) 2.5 23.20 c [Algorithmic]How many ATP molecules result from the “processing” of one acetyl CoA molecule through the common metabolic pathway? a) 2 b) 8 c) 10 d) 24 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 264 Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production Test Bank TYPE II MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In each of the following multiple-choice questions, place the letter of the correct response in the blank at the left. There may be more than one correct response (choice d) or no correct response for a question (choice e). 23.21 a In a mitochondrion the a) inner membrane separates the matrix from the intermembrane space. b) the inner membrane is more permeable than the outer membrane. c) ATP-synthase complexes are found on the folds of the outer membrane. d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.22 e Which of the following substances does not contain a B vitamin as a structural subunit? a) flavin adenine dinucleotide b) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide c) coenzyme A d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.23 b Which of the following substances has two unsubstituted ribose molecules as structural subunits? a) FADH2 b) NAD+ c) CoA d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.24 a Which of the following substances contains two or more high energy phosphate bonds? a) ATP b) ADP c) AMP d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.25 b Which of the following is a correct letter designation for the reduced form of a coenzyme? a) NAD+ b) FADH2 c) NADH2 d) more than one correct response e) no correct response Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. 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Test Bank Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production 265 23.26 e Which of the following are products of the citric acid cycle? a) acetyl CoA and NAD+ b) acetyl CoA and CO2 c) CO2 and H2O d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.27 b Which of the following citric acid cycle intermediates is decarboxylated during the operation of the cycle? a) oxaloacetate b) isocitrate c) succinate d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.28 d Which of the following citric acid cycle intermediates is a C4 species? a) fumarate b) citrate c) malate d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.29 b In which of the following citric acid cycle reactions does the coenzyme FAD participate? a) citrate isocitrate b) succinate fumarate c) malate oxaloacetate d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.30 d Which of the following statements concerning citric acid cycle reactions is correct? a) Two secondary alcohol oxidations occur. b) Water adds to a carbon-carbon double bond once. c) Two phosphorylation reactions occur. d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.31 c Which of the following carry electrons from the citric acid cycle to the electron carriers of the electron transport chain? a) CoA b) NAD+ c) FADH2 d) more than one correct response e) no correct response Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 266 Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production 23.32 e Which of the following carriers transports electrons from protein complex I to protein complex III during operation of the electron transport chain? a) cyt a3 b) cyt c1 c) FMN d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.33 c Which of the following substances is both a reactant and a product in the operation of the electron transport chain? a) O2 b) FADH2 c) CoQ d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.34 d At which protein complex site in the electron transport chain does proton pumping occur? a) protein complex I b) protein complex II c) protein complex III d) more than one correct response e) no correct response 23.35 d Oxidative phosphorylation is the process in which ATP is synthesized a) from ATP synthase. b) from ADP. c) using energy from the dissipation of a “proton gradient.” d) more than one correct response e) no correct response Test Bank Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Test Bank Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production 267 MULTIPLE-CHOICE FORMAT TRUE-FALSE QUESTIONS In each of the following multiple-choice questions characterize EACH of the three given statements as being TRUE or FALSE and then indicate the collective true-false status of the statements using the choices a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. 23.36 c - TFF Statements: (1) In the last step of the ETC, molecular oxygen is converted to water. (2) The B vitamin portion of the structure of coenzyme A, which involves riboflavin, is the reactive site in the molecule. (3) All of the reactions of the CAC take place in the mitochondrial matrix. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. 23.37 d - FFF Statements: (1) FADH2 is the oxidized form of the coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide. (2) All of the electron carriers of the ETC contain iron, and one of them also contains copper. (3) One turn of the CAC generates two CO2 molecules, two NADH molecules and two FAD2 molecules. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. 23.38 a - TTT Statements: (1) Both ribosomes and mitochondria are examples of organelles. (2) Cytochromes are heme-containing proteins that can undergo reversible oxidation and reduction. (3) The electrons that pass through the various steps of the ETC lose some energy with each transfer along the chain. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 268 Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production 23.39 b - TFT Test Bank Statements: (1) In the first step of the CAC, a C2 molecule and a C4 molecule combine to produce a C6 molecule. (2) ATP, ADP, and AMP differ from each other in the number of adenine subunits present. (3) The process by which ATP is produced during the operation of the ETC is called oxidative phosphorylation. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. 23.40 a - TTT Statements: (1) High-energy phosphate compounds contain one or more strained bonds which release above-average amounts of energy when broken. (2) In the ETC, NADH is oxidized to NAD+. (3) The “fuel” for the CAC is acetyl CoA. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. 23.41 c - TFF Statements: (1) The CO2 molecules produced in the citric acid cycle are the CO2 molecules we exhale in the process of respiration. (2) The oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is NAD+ and the reduced form in NADH2. (3) During ETC operation, a buildup of protons occurs on the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. 23.42 c - FTF Statements: (1) Two ribose subunits are present in the coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide. (2) In the common metabolic pathway, 10 molecules of ATP are produced per acetyl CoA catabolized. (3) The purpose of step 2 in the CAC is to convert a secondary alcohol to a tertiary alcohol. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Test Bank 23.43 a - TTT 269 Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production Statements: (1) Some, but not all, protein complex sites associated with the ETC serve as proton pumps. (2) The rate at which the CAC operates is controlled by the body’s need for ATP. (3) Anabolic reactions usually require energy input in order to proceed. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. 23.44 b - FTT Statements: (1) Mitochondria contain a multifolded outer membrane and an inner membrane. (2) Two of the electron carriers of the ETC transport change are “mobile,” moving between protein complex sites. (3) The NADH and FAD2 formed during the CAC carry electrons and H+ ions to the ETC. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. 23.45 b - TFT Statements: (1) Inhibition of the ETC is the mechanism by which cyanide exerts its deadly effect. (2) Brown fat cells contain the uncoupling agent thermogenin, a protein that creates a proton channel through the outer mitochondrial membrane. (3) One of the body’s mechanisms for adaptation to cold is the production of brown fat tissue. a) All three statements are true. b) Two of the three statements are true. c) Only one of the statements is true. d) None of the statements is true. MATCHING QUESTIONS For each of the molecular structural characteristics on the left, select the correct molecule from the response list on the right. Responses on the right may be used more than once or need not be used at all. 23.46 b Contains a pantothenic acid subunit 23.47 b Contains a phosphorylated ribose subunit 23.48 a Does not contain a B vitamin as part of its structure 23.49 b Reactive site in the molecule is a –SH group 23.50 c Contains a ribitol subunit Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. a) b) c) d) ATP CoA FAD NAD+ 270 Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production Test Bank For each of the citric acid cycle reactions on the left, select the type of molecules involved (in terms of number of carbon atoms present) using the response list on the right. Responses on the right may be used more than once or need not be used at all. 23.51 a Citrate isocitrate 23.52 d Succinate fumarate 23.53 b Isocitrate -ketoglutarate 23.54 d Malate oxaloacetate 23.55 d Fumarate malate a) b) c) d) C6 C6 C5 C4 C6 C5 C4 C4 Characterize each of the citric acid cycle reactions on the left as to type of reaction using the response list on the right. Responses on the right may be used more than once or need not be used at all. 23.56 a Isocitrate -ketoglutarate 23.57 b Succinate fumarate 23.58 d Succinyl CoA succinate 23.59 a Malate oxaloacetate 23.60 c Fumarate malate a) b) c) d) oxidation of a 2º alcohol oxidation with FAD as the oxidizing agent hydration reaction hydrolysis reaction For each of the ETC electron carrier characterizations on the left, select the electron carrier’s name using the response list on the right. Responses on the right may be used more than once or need not be used at all. 23.61 b Interacts with molecular O2 23.62 c Interacts with NADH 23.63 d Interacts with FADH2 23.64 b Contains Fe and Cu 23.65 d Contains Fe but not Cu a) b) c) d) CoQ cyt a3 FMN FeSP Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Test Bank Chapter 23: Biochemical Energy Production 271 For each of the ETC electron carriers on the left, select the number of ETC protein complexes with which it is associated using the response list on the right. Responses on the right may be used more than once or need not be used at all. 23.66 a FADH2 23.67 a NADH 23.68 c CoQ 23.69 b cyt c 23.70 a cyt b Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. a) b) c) d) one protein complex two protein complexes three protein complexes four protein complexes