The Information Society Reference Guide
All references should be listed alphabetically at the end of your paper. In the text,
references should be cited by author's last name, year of publication, and page in parentheses.
Please use the following examples as guides for citing sources in the reference section of your
manuscript.
Journal example:
Heckathorn, D. D. 1990. Collective sanctions and compliance norms: A formal theory of
group-mediated social control. American Sociological Review 55:366-84.
Book examples:
Kelly, J. R. 1982. Leisure. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, Inc.
Cox, T. F., ed. 1967. Risk taking and information handling in consumer behavior.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
Newspapers:
1) Unsigned articles
New York Times. 2002. In Texas, ad heats up race for governor. July 30.
2) Online news articles
Mitchell, A., and F. Bruni. 2001. Scars still raw, Bush clashes with McCain. New York Times,
March 25, 2001. http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/25/politics/25MCCA.html
(accessed January 2, 2002).
Multiple authors examples:
Jeong, K., and J. King. 1997. Korea’s national information infrastructure: Vision and issues.
In National Information Infrastructure Initiatives, eds. B. Kahin and E. Wilson, III,
pp. 112-149. The MIT Press.
Kling, R., and W. S. Sacchi. 1979b. Recurrent dilemmas of computer use in complex
organizations. In National Computer Conference Proceedings, vol, 48, pp. 107116.
New York: AFIPS Press.
Sudweeks, F., M. McLaughlin, and S. Rafaeli, eds. 1997. Network and netplay: Virtual
groups on the Internet. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Institutional authors:
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. 1979. The Belmont report: Ethical
principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research.
Washington, DC: OPRR Reports.
Internet sources:
Sullivan, J. 1998. Music industry to take on MP3. Wired News, December 12.
http://www.wired.com/news/business/0,1367,16794,00.html (accessed February 5,
2004).
Federation of American Scientists. Resolution comparison: Reading license plates and
headlines. http://www.fas.org/irp/imint/resolve5.htm.
“Anonymous” as author:
Note: In such an instance, Anonymous or Anon appears at the first entry, and 3-em dashes
(six hyphens at the keyboard) are used thereafter.
Anon. 1547. Stanze in lode della donna brutta. Florence.
------. 1980. Test to offer in-depth news via computer. Editor & Publisher 26 July:19.
Unpublished and informally published material:
1)Theses and dissertations
Schwarz, G. J. 2000. Multiwavelength analyses of classical carbon-oxygen novae
(outbursts, binary stars). PhD diss., Arizona State Univ.
2)Lectures, papers presented at meetings, and the like
O’Guinn, T. C. 1987. Touching greatness: Some aspects of star worship in contemporary
consumption. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological
Association, New York.
Legal citations:
A&M Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc., 239 F. 3d 1004 (9th Cir. 2001).
Please consult The Chicago Manual of Style (15th ed) for citation styles not covered
in this handout.