Appendix A – References excluded from the evaluation
LANDFILLS
1. (2002). "U.K. landfill legacy." Environ Health Perspect 110(6): A291.
2. (2003). "Birth defects: No clear landfill link." Environ Health Perspect 111(4): A209
3. Adhikari, B. K., S. Barrington, et al. (2006). "Predicted growth of world urban food waste and methane
production." Waste Manag Res 24(5): 421-433
4. Barlaz, M. A., D. M. Schaefer, et al. (1989). "BACTERIAL POPULATION DEVELOPMENT AND
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REFUSE DECOMPOSITION IN A SIMULATED SANITARY
LANDFILL." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 55(1): 55-65.
5. Bianchi, F., P. Comba, et al. (2004). "Italian "Triangle of death"." Lancet Oncology 5(12): 710.
6. Biederman, L. A. and S. W. Whisenant (2009). "Organic amendments direct grass population dynamics in a
landfill prairie restoration." Ecological Engineering 35(5): 678-686.
7. Black, H. (2010). "Endotoxin from biomass burning: an underestimated health hazard?" Environ Health
Perspect 118(7): A304.
8. Boothe, D. D. H., M. C. Smith, et al. (2001). "Characterization of microbial populations in landfill leachate and
bulk samples during aerobic bioreduction." Advances in Environmental Research 5(3): 285-294.
9. Burrell, P. C., C. O'Sullivan, et al. (2004). "Identification, detection, and spatial resolution of Clostridium
populations responsible for cellulose degradation in a methanogenic landfill leachate bioreactor." Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 70(4): 2414-2419.
10. Butt, K. R., C. N. Lowe, et al. (2004). "The development of sustainable earthworm populations at Calvert
landfill site, UK." Land Degradation & Development 15(1): 27-36.
11. Crossman, Z. M., F. Abraham, et al. (2004). "Stable isotope pulse-chasing and compound specific stable
carbon isotope analysis of phospholipid fatty acids to assess methane oxidizing bacterial populations in landfill
cover soils." Environ Sci Technol 38(5): 1359-1367.
12. Dolk, H. (2000). "Commentary: Impact on health needs assessing from different angles." British Medical
Journal 320(7226): 23.
13. Duggal, H. and S. Ray (1998). "Notification of congenital anomalies [8]." Lancet 352(9138): 1477.
14. Ekere, W., J. Mugisha, et al. (2009). "Factors influencing waste separation and utilization among households in
the Lake Victoria crescent, Uganda." Waste Manag 29(12): 3047-3051
15. Filho, E. S., R. de Souza e Silva, et al. (2003). "Levels of exposure to organochlorine pesticides in open-air
dump dwellers." Revista de Saude Publica 37(4): 515-522.
16. Fusconi, R. and M. J. L. Godinho (1999). "Bacteria and protozoa populations in groundwater in a landfill area
in Sao Carlos, SP." Revista De Microbiologia 30(3): 196-202.
17. Gonsebatt, M. E., A. M. Salazar, et al. (1995). "Genotoxic monitoring of workers at a hazardous waste disposal
site in Mexico." Environ Health Perspect 103(SUPPL. 1): 111-113.
18. Goulson, D., W. O. H. Hughes, et al. (1999). "Fly populations associated with landfill and composting sites
used for household refuse disposal." Bulletin of Entomological Research 89(6): 493-498.
19. Harrison, R. M. (2003). "Hazardous waste landfill sites and congenital anomalies." Occup Environ Med 60(2):
79-80.
20. He, R., A. D. Ruan, et al. (2007). "Effects of methane on the microbial populations and oxidation rates in
different landfill cover soil columns." Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part a-Toxic/Hazardous
Substances & Environmental Engineering 42(6): 785-793.
21. Higgs, G. and M. Langford (2009). "GIScience, environmental justice, & estimating populations at risk: The
case of landfills in Wales." Applied Geography 29(1): 63-76.
22. Huttly, S. R., C. F. Lanata, et al. (1998). "Feces, flies, and fetor: findings from a Peruvian shantytown." Rev
Panam Salud Publica 4(2): 75-79.
23. Irvine, H. (2003). "Landfill sites: Is the risk of adverse birth outcomes really different in Scotland?" Scottish
Medical Journal 48(4): 102-104.
24. Irvine, H., H. Burns, et al. (2001). "Risk of adverse birth outcomes near landfill sites [1] (multiple letters)."
British Medical Journal 323(7325): 1365-1366.
25. Judd, K. W. and C. F. Mason (1995). "EARTHWORM POPULATIONS OF A RESTORED LANDFILL
SITE." Pedobiologia 39(2): 107-115.
26. Kang'ethe, S. M. (2008). "Clinical waste management in the context of the Kanye community home-based care
programme, Botswana." African Journal of AIDS Research 7(2): 187-194.
27. Khattabi, H., L. Aleya, et al. (2006). "Spatio-temporal distribution and characterisation of phytoplankton
populations coupled with abiotic and biotic changes in landfill leachate treatment basins (Etuffont, Belfort,
France)." Water Air and Soil Pollution 174(1-4): 107-125.
28. Lay, J. Y., Y. Y. Li, et al. (1998). "Developments of bacterial population and methanogenic activity in a
laboratory-scale landfill bioreactor." Water Research 32(12): 3673-3679.
29. Ludvigsen, L., H. J. Albrechtsen, et al. (1999). "Distribution and composition of microbial populations in
landfill leachate contaminated aquifer (Grindsted, Denmark)." Microbial Ecology 37(3): 197-207.
30. Luo, T. W., Z. Y. Ouyang, et al. (2004). "[Carbon output through urban domestic garbage in Haikou]." Huan
Jing Ke Xue 25(6): 154-158
31. Luton, P. E., J. M. Wayne, et al. (2002). "The mcrA gene as an alternative to 16S rRNA in the phylogenetic
analysis of methanogen populations in landfill." Microbiology-Sgm 148: 3521-3530.
32. Mari, M., M. Nadal, et al. (2009). "Exposure to heavy metals and PCDD/Fs by the population living in the
vicinity of a hazardous waste landfill in Catalonia, Spain: Health risk assessment." Environ Int 35(7): 10341039
33. Marth, E., W. Sixl, et al. (1995). "People on the garbage dumps of Cairo: a toxicological in vivo model?" Cent
Eur J Public Health 3(3): 154-157.
34. Marumo, J. T., V. L. Isiki, et al. (2008). "Investigation of the radiation risk due to environmental contamination
by 241Am from lightning rods disposed at uncontrolled garbage dumps." Radiat Environ Biophys 47(1): 131137.
35. McDonald, J. E., R. J. Lockhart, et al. (2008). "Detection of novel Fibrobacter populations in landfill sites and
determination of their relative abundance via quantitative PCR." Environmental Microbiology 10(5): 13101319.
36. McNamee, R. and H. Dolk (2001). "Does exposure to landfill waste harm the fetus?" British Medical Journal
323(7309): 351-352
37. Nelson, M., S. H. Jones, et al. (2008). "Characterization of Escherichia coli populations from gulls, landfill
trash, and wastewater using ribotyping." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 81(1): 53-63.
38. Nuckols, J. R., M. H. Ward, et al. (2004). "Using geographic information systems for exposure assessment in
environmental epidemiology studies." Environ Health Perspect 112(9): 1007-1015.
39. Rego Rde, C., M. L. Barreto, et al. (2002). "[What is garbage, anyway? The opinions of women from an
outlying neighborhood in a large Brazilian city]." Cad Saude Publica 18(6): 1583-1591
40. Roberts, D., A. Redfearn, et al. (2000). "Health effects of landfill sites (multiple letters)." British Medical
Journal 320(7248): 1541-1542
41. Sang, N. N., S. Soda, et al. (2009). "Effects of intermittent and continuous aeration on accelerative stabilization
and microbial population dynamics in landfill bioreactors." Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 108(4):
336-343.
42. Sang, N. N., S. Soda, et al. (2008). "Effect of Aeration on Stabilization of Organic Solid Waste and Microbial
Population Dynamics in Lab-Scale Landfill Bioreactors." Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 106(5):
425-432.
43. Staff, M. G. and H. Dolk (1998). "Landfill sites and congenital abnormalities (multiple letters) [3]." Lancet
352(9141): 1705.
44. Taylor, J. A., A. Herr, et al. (2009). "The influence of distance from landfill and population density on degree
of wood residue recycling in Australia." Biomass & Bioenergy 33(10): 1474-1480.
45. Tian, Y. J., H. Yang, et al. (2005). "Variations of dominant microbial populations in groundwater in response
to the leachate from Laogang Landfill." Journal of Environmental Sciences-China 17(1): 106-109
46. Van Dyke, M. I. and A. J. McCarthy (2002). "Molecular biological detection and characterization of
Clostridium populations in municipal landfill sites." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68(4): 20492053.
47. Van Garde, S. J. and M. J. Woodburn (1987). "Food discard practices of householders." J Am Diet Assoc
87(3): 322-329.
48. Vezhnevets, T. I. and L. N. Noskova (1976). "[Sanitary-hygienic assessment of solid household waste]." Gig
Sanit(11): 96-97.
49. Von Muhlendahl, K. E. (1999). "Uncontrolled replication: Hazardous landfill sites and congenital anomalies
[2]." European Journal of Pediatrics 158(11): 950-951.
50. Wui, S. U., K. Cho, et al. (2002). "Perturbations of population growth in a microcosm by industrial metal
plating and ice cream mills wastewater and landfill leachate." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and
Toxicology 69(3): 401-407
51. Zhang, D., T. S. Keat, et al. (2010). "A comparison of municipal solid waste management in Berlin and
Singapore." Waste Manag 30(5): 921-933.
INCINERATORS
1. (1983). "Evaluation of sanitary risks due to emissions of tetrachlorinated dioxines from urban refuse
incineration plants with energy recovery." TECH. SCI. MUNIC. 78(1-2): 57-61.
2. (2004). "[Environmental health surveillance system in urban area near incinerators: European INTERREG III
C Project "Enhance health"]." Epidemiol Prev 28(2): 77
3. Agramunt, M. C., M. Schuhmacher, et al. (2005). "Levels of dioxins and furans in plasma of
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
nonoccupationally exposed subjects living near a hazardous waste incinerator." J Expo Anal Environ
Epidemiol 15(1): 29-34.
Awasthi, A., N. Singh, et al. (2010). "Effects of agriculture crop residue burning on children and young on
PFTs in North West India." Sci Total Environ 408(20): 4440-4445.
Bartolini, F., M. Bolognini, et al. (2008). "[Incinerators, public health, financial interests: what some health
professionals think]." Epidemiol Prev 32(1): 8-11.
Bianchi, F. and F. Minichilli (2006). "[Mortality for non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the period 1981-2000 in 25
Italian municipalities with urban solid waste incinerators]." Epidemiol Prev 30(2): 80-81.
Biggeri, A. and D. Catelan (2006). "[NHL mortality in Tuscan municipalities with urban solid waste
incinerators active in 1970-1998]." Epidemiol Prev 30(1): 14-15.
Blanco, G., B. Jimenez, et al. (2004). "Contamination with nonessential metals from a solid-waste incinerator
correlates with nutritional and immunological stress in prefledgling black kites (Milvus migrans)." Environ
Res 94(1): 94-101.
Bollerslev, J., L. Mosekilde, et al. (1989). "Biomechanical competence of iliac crest trabecular bone in
autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type I." Bone 10(3): 159-164.
Chen, H. L., H. J. Su, et al. (2006). "Patterns of serum PCDD/Fs affected by vegetarian regime and
consumption of local food for residents living near municipal waste incinerators from Taiwan." Environ Int
32(5): 650-655.
Cheng, H. and Y. Hu (2010). "China needs to control mercury emissions from municipal solid waste (MSW)
incineration." Environ Sci Technol 44(21): 7994-7995.
Claes, P., D. Vandermeulen, et al. (2010). "Computerized craniofacial reconstruction: Conceptual framework
and review." Forensic Science International 201(1-3): 138-145.
Cummins, E. J., P. M. Grace, et al. (2002). "Quantitative exposure assessment for the combustion of meat and
bone meal derived from specified risk material in the context of BSE in Ireland." J Agric Saf Health 8(4): 365383.
Dombrovski, A., M. Popat, et al. (2003). "Fibreoptic equipment and prion disease." Anaesthesia 58(1): 90-91.
Evans, R. G., B. N. Shadel, et al. (2000). "Dioxin incinerator emissions exposure study Times Beach,
Missouri." Chemosphere 40(9-11): 1063-1074.
Fazzo, L. and P. Comba (2004). "The role of high risk groups in environmental health research." Ann Ist Super
Sanita 40(4): 417-426.
Gaborek, B. J. (2000). "Case history review--demilitarization combustion permits." Drug Chem Toxicol 23(1):
67-77
Glorennec, P., D. Zmirou, et al. (2005). "Public health benefits of compliance with current E.U. emissions
standards for municipal waste incinerators: a health risk assessment with the CalTox multimedia exposure
model." Environ Int 31(5): 693-701.
Hedayati, M., A. Ordookhani, et al. (2007). "Rapid acid digestion and simple microplate method for milk
iodine determination." Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 21(5): 286-292.
Hesterberg, T. W., W. B. Bunn, et al. (2009). "Critical review of the human data on short-term nitrogen dioxide
(NO2) exposures: Evidence for NO2 no-effect levels." Critical Reviews in Toxicology 39(9): 743-781
Hornung, C. A., R. W. Oldendick, et al. (1996). "Reliability of proxy information about the health effects of
exposure to hazardous waste incineration." Toxicol Ind Health 12(2): 245-254.
Huang, W. J. (2008). "Optimization of sprayed lime amount in the semi-dry scrubbing system of MSWI."
Waste Manag 28(11): 2403-2405.
Kao, W. Y., H. W. Ma, et al. (2007). "Site-specific health risk assessment of dioxins and furans in an industrial
region with numerous emission sources." J Hazard Mater 145(3): 471-481.
Krajcovicova, J. and A. Q. Eschenroeder (2007). "Comparative health risks of domestic waste combustion in
urban and rural Slovakia." Environ Sci Technol 41(19): 6847-6853.
Kriebel, D. (2010). "Incinerators, birth defects and the legacy of Thomas Bayes." Occup Environ Med 67(7):
433-434.
Leem, J. H., D. S. Lee, et al. (2006). "Risk factors affecting blood PCDDs and PCDFs in residents living near
an industrial incinerator in Korea." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 51(3): 478-484.
Lloyd, O. L. (2004). "Risk of congenital anomalies near the Byker waste combustion plant." J Public Health
(Oxf) 26(3): 317.
Lonati, G., S. Cernuschi, et al. (2007). "Health risk analysis of PCDD/F emissions from MSW incineration:
comparison of probabilistic and deterministic approaches." Chemosphere 67(9): S334-343
Lundqvist, C., M. Zuurbier, et al. (2006). "The effects of PCBs and dioxins on child health." Acta Paediatrica,
International Journal of Paediatrics 95(SUPPL. 453): 55-64.
McDiarmid, M. A. (2006). Chemical hazards in health care: High hazard, high risk, but low protection. 1076:
601-606.
Minichilli, F., S. Bartolacci, et al. (2007). "[Evaluation of the health impact of a waste-to-energy incinerator]."
Epidemiol Prev 31(1 Suppl 2): 35-41
Nadal, M., J. L. Domingo, et al. (2009). "Levels of PCDD/F in adipose tissue on non-occupationally exposed
subjects living near a hazardous waste incinerator in Catalonia, Spain." Chemosphere 74(11): 1471-1476.
33. O'Neill, L. (2001). "Dioxins damage dendritic cells." Trends in Immunology 22(6): 296.
34. Paisley, L. G. and J. Hostrup-Pedersen (2005). "A quantitative assessment of the BSE risk associated with fly
ash and slag from the incineration of meat-and-bone meal in a gas-fired power plant in Denmark." Prev Vet
Med 68(2-4): 263-275.
35. Pirard, C., G. Eppe, et al. (2005). "Environmental and human impact of an old-timer incinerator in terms of
dioxin and PCB level: a case study." Environ Sci Technol 39(13): 4721-4728.
36. Rainbird, J. P. (2001). "Calculating CO2 emissions." Health Estate 55(10): 36-37.
37. Reis, M. F., J. P. Miguel, et al. (2007). "Determinants of dioxins and furans in blood of non-occupationally
exposed populations living near Portuguese solid waste incinerators." Chemosphere 67(9): S224-230.
38. Saintot, M., C. Malaveille, et al. (2004). "Interaction between genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450-1B1
and environmental pollutants in breast cancer risk." European Journal of Cancer Prevention 13(1): 83-86
39. Schuhmacher, M. and J. L. Domingo (2006). "Long-term study of environmental levels of dioxins and furans
in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator." Environ Int 32(3): 397-404.
40. Sedman, R. M., J. M. Polisini, et al. (1994). "The evaluation of stack metal emissions from hazardous waste
incinerators: assessing human exposure through noninhalation pathways." Environ Health Perspect 102 Suppl
2: 105-112.
41. Sibbald, B. (2001). "Crackdown on hospital incinerators coming soon." CMAJ 164(4): 533.
42. Snary, C. (2002). "Health risk assessment for planned waste incinerators: getting the right science and the
science right." Risk Anal 22(6): 1095-1105.
43. Tajimi, M., R. Uehara, et al. (2005). "Correlation coefficients between the dioxin levels in mother's milk and
the distances to the nearest waste incinerator which was the largest source of dioxins from each mother's place
of residence in Tokyo, Japan." Chemosphere 61(9): 1256-1262.
44. Tango, T. (2002). "Score tests for detecting excess risks around putative sources." Statistics in Medicine 21(4):
497-514.
45. Thompson, J. and H. Anthony (2005). "The health effects of waste incinerators." Journal of Nutritional and
Environmental Medicine 15(2-3): 115-156.
46. Van Gerven, T., D. Geysen, et al. (2004). "Estimation of the contribution of a municipal waste incinerator to
the overall emission and human intake of PCBs in Wilrijk, Flanders." Chemosphere 54(9): 1303-1308.
47. Williams, F. L. R. and S. A. Ogston (2002). "Identifying populations at risk from environmental contamination
from point sources." Occup Environ Med 59(1): 2-8.
48. Zhao, J., J. Huang, et al. (2008). "On-line early fault detection and diagnosis of municipal solid waste
incinerators." Waste Manag 28(11): 2406-2414.
49. Zubero, M. B., J. J. Aurrekoetxea, et al. (2010). "Heavy metal levels (Pb, Cd, Cr and Hg) in the adult general
population near an urban solid waste incinerator." Sci Total Environ 408(20): 4468-4474.
LANDFILLS & INCINERATORS
1. -(2004). "IPCS Concise International Chemical Assessment Documents. Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides:
Human health aspects." IPCS Concise International Chemical Assessment Documents(61): 1-40.
2. Bourguignon, J. P. and A. S. Parent (2010). "Early homeostatic disturbances of human growth and maturation
by endocrine disrupters." Current Opinion in Pediatrics 22(4): 470-477.
3. Bzduch, V., D. Behulova, et al. (2000). "Incidence of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome in Slovakia [3]." American
Journal of Medical Genetics 90(3): 260.
4. Connolly, K. (2009). "A sickening situation." Newsweek 154(2): 17.
5. Cross, F. L., J. S. Howell, et al. (1993). "Environmental evaluation of a hospital parking deck addition." Med
Waste Anal 2(3): 6-9.
6. Fields, S. (2001). "Caution - Children at play: How dangerous is CCA?" Environ Health Perspect 109(6):
A262-A269.
7. Fone, D. and F. Dunstan (2006). "Getting strategic about environment and health." Public Health 120(10): 904906.
8. Forastiere, F., C. Badaloni, et al. (2011). "Health impact assessment of waste management facilities in three
European countries." Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source 10(1).
9. Hogg, R. P. (1998). "Minerva." British Medical Journal 317(7157): 548.
10. Horrigan, B. J. (2005). "Health Care Without Harm." Explore: The Journal of Science and Healing 1(2): 86-88
11. Kohlhoff, S. A. and M. R. Hammerschlag (2003). "Raccoon roundworm (Baylisascaris procyonis)." Infections
in Medicine 20(5): 218-223.
12. Narang, A., P. Kumar, et al. (2001). "Surfactant therapy for hyaline membrane disease: The Chandigarh
experience." Indian Pediatrics 38(6): 640-646
13. Pershagen, G. (1998). "Environmental epidemiology in public health." Lancet 352(9126): 417.
14. Powell, D. L. and V. Stewart (2001). "Children: The unwitting target of environmental injustices." Pediatric
Clinics of North America 48(5): 1291-1305.
15. Rieder, M. J. (2001). "Precaution and perspectives." Paediatrics and Child Health 6(10): 716-717.
16. Shih, H. C. and H. W. Ma (2011). "Assessing the health risk of reuse of bottom ash in road paving."
Chemosphere 82(11): 1556-1562.
17. Stockman Iii, J. A. (2007). "Clinical Facts & Curios." Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health
Care 37(1): 37-43.
18. Vrijheid, M., H. Dolk, et al. (2000). "Socioeconomic inequalities in risk of congenital anomaly." Archives of
Disease in Childhood 82(5): 349-352.
19. Wibbenmeyer, L. A., M. A. Amelon, et al. (2003). "Trash and brush burning: an underappreciated mechanism
of thermal injury in a rural community." J Burn Care Rehabil 24(2): 85-89.
20. Zmirou-Navier, D. (2004). "[Environment and health: a social expectation, a scientific challenge]." Rev
Epidemiol Sante Publique 52(3): 209-211.
Health effects associated with the disposal of solid waste in landfills and incinerators in populations living in
surrounding areas: a systematic review. – IJPH – A Mattiello, P Chiodini, E Bianco, N Forgione, I Flammia, C
Gallo, R Pizzuti and S Panico.
Salvatore Panico, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia - Federico II University, Naples, Italy spanico@unina.it