Gold Ray Dam Removal Monitoring Plan March 2010 The removal of Gold Ray Dam (GRD), located on the mainstem Rogue River (RM 127.5) is scheduled to occur in August 2010. This project, in addition to two other nearby mainstem Rogue River dam removals1, presents a unique opportunity to monitor site-specific and system-wide effects to the fish and wildlife resources associated with the riverine, riparian and wetland habitats, and the socio/economic factors of the area. A group of entities, led by the Rogue Valley Council of Governments (RVCOG) working on behalf of Jackson County, Oregon, will monitor the effects of the GRD removal effort on the main-stem Rogue River system. Entities planning to conduct monitoring tasks include, (RVCOG, Southern Oregon University (SOU), Oregon State University (OSU), Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), Klamath Bird Observatory (KBO), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) and Amnis Opes. Goal: The removal of GRD will facilitate development of a naturalized river corridor with natural ecosystem function and structure and improve fish passage for native anadromous salmonids. Objective #1: Develop naturalized river channel and improve physical habitat structure. Parameter #1: Channel geomorphology 1 Technique/method #1: Longitudinal Profile of mainstem Rogue River. Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Thalweg profile (visual residual pool profile; standard deviation of thalweg depth; data have been collected but values have not been calculated) Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): This does not apply because each site differs with substrate, slope, and amount of wood debris. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): This does not apply because each site differs with substrate, slope, and amount of wood debris. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Total of six visits to each of seven sites in May or June and August or September of 2010, 2011 & 2012. Sample size: Seven sites. Technique/method #2: Evaluation of gradient, sinuosity, and valley type/constraint from topographic maps Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): The mean gradient is not expected to change except for the reservoir site; map gradient and sinuosity are too coarse grain (low resolution) to detect changes at this geographic extent; valley type does not change over ecological time unless there is a major geological event. All these variables are context, limiting, or landscape variables that are used to help interpret what we detect at the site scale. Savage Rapids Dam (RM 107) removed in October 2009, Gold Hill Dam (RM 121) removed in July 2008. Page 1 Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): This does not apply because each site differs naturally in these variables at the topographic map scale. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): This does not apply because each site differs naturally in these variables at the topographic map scale. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Because the maps do not change, this will only be sampled one time, at the end of the project. Sample size: Seven sites Technique/method #3: Evaluation of gradient, sinuosity, and valley type/constraint from aerial photography Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Historical aerial photos from 1939, 1952 and 2005. Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Aerial photos do not in themselves have a “numerical value, but are used as visual references for analysis of change. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Aerial photos do not in themselves have provide a target value, but are used as visual references for analysis of change. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): August 2010 through 2014. August 2010 (pre dam removal), September 2010 (post dam removal), spring and fall 2011 through 2014. Sample size: One photo before dam removal, two photos per year (spring and fall) after dam removal. Parameter #2: Sediment transport and formation of pools and riffles Technique/method #1: Pool riffle cross sections Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Sample size: Technique/method #2: Pebble counts/substrate classification Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Percent fines, percent sand, and percent cobble in site 3 (reservoir) of 55 percent, 25 percent and zero percent, respectively, pre-removal. Mean percent bedrock and percent cobble 50 percent and 15 percent in three sites downriver of GRD pre-removal. Page 2 Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Mean percent fines, percent sand, and percent cobble in upriver and downriver control sites of zero precent, 23 percent and 41 percent, respectively, pre-removal. Mean percent bedrock and percent cobble zero percent and 80 percent in two control sites upriver of GRD reservoir. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): We predict that the percent fines will essentially disappear from the sites and that the percent cobble will increase in the sites downriver of GRD following sufficiently large flood events. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Total of six visits to each of seven sites in May or June and August or September of 2010, 2011 & 2012. Two visits will be conducted pre-dam removal (May/June and August, 2010). Four visits will be conducted post-dam removal (May/June and August/September, 2011 and 2012). Sample size: Seven sites Parameter #3: Physical habitat Technique/method #1: Survey of littoral/riparian condition Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Occurrence of aquatic macrophytes 40 percent at site three (reservoir) pre-removal. Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Occurrence of aquatic macrophytes with a mean of 15 percent at the upriver and downriver control sites. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): We predict reduced occurrence of aquatic macrophytes at all sites with more normalized flows. We do NOT predict any fundamental changes in the percentages of barren ground, woody riparian vegetation, or canopy density because these do not now differ significantly among the seven sites; instead they are likely governed by riparian land use. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Total of six visits to each of seven sites in May or June and August or September of 2010, 2011 & 2012. Two visits will be conducted pre-dam removal (May/June and August, 2010). Four visits will be conducted post-dam removal (May/June and August/September, 2011 and 2012). Sample size: Seven sites. Technique/method #2: Survey of habitat suitable for Chinook salmon spawning , egg incubation and emergence. Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Impounded reservoir habitat for 1.3 miles above Gold Ray Dam. Amount of good Chinook salmon spawning habitat assumed to be zero. 2 Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Values used by ODFW’s Aquatic Inventories Project2 to identify preferred chinook spawning habitat are: Aquatic Inventories Project,Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, 2004. Page 3 Fines: less than 10 percent; Gravel: more than 30 percent; Cobble: 20-40 percent, with a gradient of less than 4 percent. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Restoration of good quality spawning habitat within the 1.3 mile impoundment. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): 2 visits will be conducted pre-dam removal (May/June and August, 2010). 4 visits will be conducted post-dam removal (May/June and August/September, 2011 and 2012). Habitat characteristics (percent fines, gravel, cobble and gradient) will be sampled at each of 11 transects. Sample size: See OSU sediment/substrate/physical habitat surveys??? Objective #2: Adjust fish assemblage composition to better resemble that of a natural river. Parameter #1: Fish assemblage Technique/method #1: Electrofishing Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Redside shiner composed 15 percent of fish assemblage at upriver site one; reticulate sculpin 12 percent at site three (reservoir); Chinook salmon juveniles composed less than 5 percent at site three. Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): We expect to observe a Redside shiner mean composition of less than 5 percent at the other sites; reticulate sculpin mean of 60 percent at the other sites; Chinook salmon mean of 10 percent at the other sites. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Redside shiner mean of less than 5percent at all sites; reticulate sculpin mean of 60 percent at all sites; Chinook salmon mean of 10 percent at all sites; largemouth bass absent from all sites. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): 2 visits will be conducted pre-dam removal (May/June and August, 2010). 4 visits will be conducted post-dam removal (May/June and August/September, 2011 and 2012). Fish assemblages will be sampled at each of 11 transects. Sample size: seven sites Parameter #2: Anadromous salmonid spawning habitat use Page 4 Technique/method #1: Salmon carcass counts Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Carcass counts are conducted annually by ODFW. Sample size: Technique/method #2: Telemetry study Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Sample size: Objective #3: Improve condition of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage as indicators of water, habitat structure, and fish food quality. Parameter #1: Benthic invertebrate assemblage Technique/method #1: Kicknet/taxonomic identification Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Benthos samples have been collected from six sites, but not yet processed. Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Total taxa richness more than 60; EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera) taxa richness more than 25. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Total taxa richness more than 60; EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera) taxa richness more than 25. Results of sampling conducted in 2009 will provide additional information regarding scraper taxa richness, percent burrower taxa, percent clinger taxa, and percent tolerant individuals for the seven sites. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Two visits will be conducted pre-dam removal (May/June and August, 2010). Four visits will be conducted post-dam removal (May/June and August/September, 2011 and 2012). Benthos assemblages will be sampled at each of 11 transects from alternating left and right sides of the river by scrubbing all coarse substrate in an area of 0.09 m2 upstream of a kicknet, and then kicknetting for 30 seconds. The eleven samples will be composited into one sample per site visit. In the laboratory, 500 individuals or the entire sample will be identified to the lowest possible taxon (usually genus or species). Page 5 Sample size: Seven sites. Objective #4: Improve riparian health Parameter #1: Riparian plant community Technique/method #1: Plant surveys (need more detail on method here if possible) Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Site means from September 2009 visit:15 percent barren ground, 16 percent woody riparian, 50 percent canopy density. Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Less than 5 percent barren ground, more than 95 percent woody riparian, 100 percent canopy cover. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): We do NOT predict any fundamental changes in the percentages of barren ground, woody riparian vegetation, or canopy density because these do not now differ significantly among the 7 sites; instead they are likely governed by riparian land use. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Total of six visits to each of seven sites in May or June and August or September of 2010, 2011 & 2012. Sample size: Seven sites Parameter #2: Riparian health measured by bird abundance and composition Technique/method #1: Breeding bird surveys Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Baseline bird abundance and composition will be established from the pre-treatment data collection in spring of 2010 Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): A reference will be established from the baseline data and comparison with results from “controls” that are not expected to be affected by dam removal Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): We are not seeking target abundance or composition, rather to evaluate presence of riparian obligates post removal, again based on baseline information yet to be gathered Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Surveys will be completed annually in 2010, 2011, and 2012 between mid-May and the end of June. Sample size: Twelve survey routes (6 treated, i.e. expected to be affected by dam removal and six controls, i.e. not expected to be affected by dam removal), each consisting of 12 survey stations. Objective #5: Achieve no net loss of wetlands Parameter #1: Wetland plant characteristics Technique/method #1: Wetland plant surveys Page 6 Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Baseline conditions will be established during pre-dam removal (2010). Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Information from wetland delineation work conducted on 2009 and 2010 will be available. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): while there is no target numeric value at this time, it is expected composition of native wetland vegetation will increase while non native plant composition will decrease Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): quarterly sampling will be conducted for a minimum of three years (2010 through 2012) Sample size: Parameter #2: Surface water contribution to wetland presence Technique/method #1: Measurement of water levels Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Baseline conditions will be established during pre-dam removal (2010). Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Absolute water levels (above mean sea level) and water levels relative to areas at, above, and below the dam and wetland complex pre-dam removal. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Absolute water levels (above mean sea level) and water levels relative to areas at, above, and below the dam and wetland complex post -dam removal. Changes in water levels based on specific events such as actual dam removal, and a subsequent high-flow storm event. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): quarterly, with one visit predam removal. Sample size: Twelve monuments, tied in with the six groundwater stations (peizometer nest) below. Parameter #3: Ground water contribution to wetland presence Technique/method #1: Measurement of ground water levels Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): The relative (percent) and total (cfs) of groundwater contributing to the wetland complex hydrology is unknown. The area(s) where groundwater contributes to the wetland complex hydrology is unknown. Baseline conditions will be established during predam removal (2010). Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Does not apply. We are trying to verify the existence of possible groundwater contribution and locations where ground water contributes to the local wetland hydrology. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Page 7 Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Samples will be obtained quarterly (one quarter pre-dam removal, and all samples post dam removal) from 2010 through 2012. Sample size: Six stations of nested (3 peizometers per nest) piezometers, accessed. Objective #6: Improve water quality in reservoir, upstream tributaries, and wetlands Parameter #1: Temperature Technique/method #1: Install temperature probe Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Sample size: Parameter #2: Turbidity Technique/method #1: Install turbidity probe Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Sample size: Technique/method #2: Collect grab samples during high flow events and analyze for TSS and TDS Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Sample size: Parameter #3: Nutrient concentrations Technique/method #1: Collect grab samples during high flow events and analyze for nutrients Page 8 Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Sample size: Objective #7: Monitor changes in socioeconomics related to the removal of the Gold Ray Dam Parameter #1: Recreational use Technique/method #1: Visitor counts Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): Baseline has not been collected. Visitor counts done during summer 2010 will function as the pre-removal baseline. Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): This does not apply because we will be establishing the baseline during Summer 2010. If there are historical data on visitor counts in this area, we will incorporate them into our interpretation of the visitor counts that we gather this summer. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): There is no established desired value for number of visitors. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Visitor counts will be collected on weekends in May on a bi-weekly basis and then every weekend in June, July and August. Counts will be done during the daylight hours, and the exact time period has not yet been determined. Sample size: We will be using convenience sampling, i.e. all visitors to the GRD site, who we can see, will be counted. Technique/method #2: Surveys Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): We will administer short surveys to a sample of the recreational visitors to the GRD site in summer 2010. This will function as our pre-removal baseline. We will utilize a quota sampling method to ensure that questionnaires are administered to hikers, canoeists, birders, fishers, rafters, etc. Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): We currently do not have a reference value for our parameter and there is not an ideal number available in the literature that could be applied to this site. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): We do not have a target number. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Sample size: We are currently determining a sample size number for these short visitor surveys. Page 9 Parameter #1: Impacts on landowners Technique/method #1: Surveys (Is this true? Are there other parameters?) Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): We will be establishing baseline focus groups with homeowners upstream of the GRD and downstream in the Gold Ray Estates area. We will conduct one focus group for the affected area of upstream owners and one focus group for the downstream Gold Ray Estates property owners. In order to establish baseline property values, we will be accessing the property rolls to determine which properties will be affected. Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): The information meetings with homeowners and other interested parties that RVCOG has already conducted will be a source of preliminary data for us. We will draw upon those data to guide us in creating focus group questions. In addition, we will be looking at similar studies of property values based on proximity to water. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): The target will be all of the affected upstream and downstream property owners and the value of their properties. Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): Focus groups with homeowners will be conducted in May and June, 2010 Sample size: Our goal is to study all of the homeowners and the value of each property, rather than take a sample of them. Parameter #1: Commercial impacts (tourism, guides etc) Technique/method #1: Surveys (Is this true? Are there other parameters?) Baseline (pre-construction, or earliest available post-construction numerical value for the structural parameter, if available. If a baseline for the parameter has not been collected yet indicate that here): We will be establishing baseline data by doing in-person interviews during Summer 2010, with the following groups: 1. All rafting companies that lead rafting trips on the Rogue. 2. All companies that rent boats or flotation devices on the Rogue upstream from the GRD. 3. We have communicated with the Rogue River Guides Association, which has an active membership of 26 fishing guides. We will do a random sampling of those guides and interview them. 4. All individuals or companies who lead hikes in the Table Rock area. Reference (ideal numerical value for the parameter, could be from literature or value from a nearby site; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): We currently do not have a reference value for our parameters for rafting companies and boat rental companies. We will be putting together those lists in April. We do not have a parameter for fishing guides beyond the Rogue River Guides Association and need to do more research into how to access fishing guides who are not part of that organization. Target (proposed numerical value desired for the parameter; if this does not apply to the parameter please indicate why): We do not have a target value for the parameters. Page 10 Timing/frequency (frequency of sampling, start and end dates): We will administer our questionnaires only once to each business, for this phase of the research. This will establish the baseline that we will use as a comparison for the three-year follow-up. We will administer the questionnaires in April and May, 2010. For fishing guides, we will be administering the questionnaires during May and June, 2010. Sample size: We are currently establishing our sampling frames for all the groups. As indicated above, we will be interviewing fishing guides, all rafting companies, all rental companies, and all hiking companies. Agency responsible for monitoring: Jackson County Funding: NOAA, USGS (40% match), ODEQ (in kind). Other Ongoing Monitoring at the Site: Fish Monitoring: The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife plans to monitor anadromous salmonid populations and other native fish populations and to determine appropriate management actions for the Rogue River. This includes the development of monitoring techniques to replace the loss of the fish counting station at GRD. The fish counting station has been the primary tool for assessing the health of spring Chinook salmon in the Rogue River. Water Quality Monitoring: Since the mid 1980’s, the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality has conducted water temperature monitoring within the main-stem Rogue River. The ODEQ will continue to work with the Rogue Valley Council of Governments to monitor water temperature and other water quality parameters at the site and throughout the main-stem Rogue River and major tributaries into the foreseeable future. The County and other monitoring entities remain committed to continue their collaborative relationship and seek future funding and opportunities to continue the evaluation of native fish and wildlife of this area and the riverine, wetland and riparian areas upon which these species depend. Page 11