Test II
General Geology Section 004 Version G
October 11, 2006
For each question select the BEST answer. The first four questions refer to slides. The test is worth a total of 110 points.
1.
Which of the following particles (all the same volume) would settle out of a stream last? a.
gold b.
quartz c. olivine d. kaolinite
2.
Metamorphism may involve all of the following except ________. a.
formation of new minerals c. metasomatism b.
changes in texture d. complete melting of the rock
3.
Which of the following is NOT a clastic rock? a.
limestone b.
arkose c. greywacke d. shale
4.
Textural rearrangement of platy minerals reorients the grains ______to the direction of stress. a.
random b.
horizontal c. vertical d. perpendicular
5.
About ____ % of sea water is dissolved materials. a.
less than 5 b.
50 c. 15 d. 90
6.
Alluvial fans usually form: a.
where streams issue from flat upland areas into steep canyons b.
where a turbidity current generated on the continental slope enters the abyss c.
when an intermittent stream empties into a lake d.
where streams issue from steep canyons onto a flat valley
7.
Which of the following conditions would lead to the most rapid weathering? a.
hot-moist climate, rhyolite, gentle slope b.
hot-moist climate, basalt, gentle slope c.
cold-moist climate, granite, steep slope d.
cold-dry climate, granite, gentle slopes

8.
Which of the following is NOT a variety of limestone? a.
micrite c. chalk d. none are correct b.
oolite
9.
Sediments can be sorted based on: a.
foliation b.
solifluction c. shape d. all are correct
10.
Chemical weathering in a desert setting compared to mechanical weathering is a.
variable b.
slow c. fast d. the same rate as in a humid area
11.
Which of the following list of rocks indicates a decreasing trend in degree of metamorphism (with greatest listed on the left)? a.
schist, phyllite, migmatite c. slate, gneiss, schist d. gneiss, phyllite, slate b.
phyllite, schist, gneiss
12.
A formation is: a.
single rock type b.
a rock with the same types of fossils c. a convenient mapping unit d. an erosional feature
13.
In an area with more than 25% of rainfall annually a.
the B horizon is enriched in calcium b.
there is a lot of iron and aluminum in the A horizon c.
the B horizon is depleted in iron and aluminum d.
calcium is flushed from the soil
14.
Of the following rocks, which would be most easily metamorphosed? a.
phyllite b.
granite c. limestone d. basalt
15.
Deltas, alluvial fans and abyssal fans are similar in that they are ________. a.
erosional features c deposited in water bodies b.
deposited in mountainous areas d. depositional features
16.
The highest-grade metamorphism of shale results in formation of _____. a.
slate b.
limestone c. sandstone d. gneiss
17.
Which of the following minerals would exhibit the most rapid chemical weathering? a.
quartz b.
pyroxene c. sodium plagioclase d. muscovite

18.
An example of weathering is the conversion of _____________. a.
biotite to clay c. garnet to corundum b.
clay to quartz d. quartz to clay
19.
Symmetrical ripple marks indicate: a.
strong currents b.
beach environment c. rapid deposition of stream load in a delta d. an abyssal fan
20.
The key to exfoliation is_____________. a.
directed pressure b.
conversion of feldspar to clay c. spherodial weathering d. none of these
21.
Which of the following particles would be transported the greatest distance? a.
angular boulders c. rounded sand b.
rounded pebbles d. silt
22.
Loess is _____________. a.
a clastic rock b.
a non-foliated rock c. wind deposited soil d. a laterite
23.
_____ are two of the common natural cementing agents in rock, and are byproducts of the weathering process. a.
calcite and clay b.
silica and clay c. silica and hematite d. calcite and olivine
24.
The geothermal gradient provides ___________for ____________ metamorphism. a.
heat… …contact c. heat… …regional b.
directed pressure… …regional d. lithostatic pressure… …contact
25.
With distance of transport, the clay content of sediments weathered from a granite source would: a.
stay the same b.
decrease c. increase d. oscillate
26.
Metamorphic foliation reflects changes in the texture brought about by ____. a.
chemically active fluids b.
heat from a nearby pluton c. lithostatic pressure d. none of these
27.
Goldich’s Weathering Sequence indicates that ______ is the most stable igneous mineral. a.
potassium feldspar b.
quartz c. sodium plagioclase d. all of these have the same stability
28.
Although feldspar is about 6 times more abundant in the crust than quartz, quartz is most abundant at the surface of earth because________.

a.
feldspar weathers to clay b.
feldspar is attacked by acid c. feldspar undergoes hydrolysis d. all of these
29.
Which of the following rocks would be most easily metamorphosed? a.
rhyolite b.
basalt c. diorite d. andesite
30.
If ________ is released from sea water, calcite precipitates. a.
calcium b.
halite c. carbon dioxide d. all of these
31.
A soil with large amounts of iron in the B horizon is a________ a.
laterite b.
pedocal c. bauxite d. none of these
32.
In a graded bed the particle size decreases: a.
upward b.
in the direction of the current c. downward d. all of the above
33.
The water in a river must move with a higher velocity to transport ____ than to transport ____. a.
cobbles… …sand b.
sand… …boulders c. silt… …sand d. pebbles… …boulders
34.
Calcite marble commonly forms from the metamorphism of preexisting_____. a.
limestone b.
sandstone c. dolostone d. coal
35.
Which rock group can be changed by elevated temperature and/or pressure to produce a metamorphic rock? a.
sedimentary b.
extrusive igneous c. intrusive igneous d. all of the above
36.
Ferromagnesium minerals such as __________ are chemically altered in the presence of oxygen. a.
olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, and quartz b.
pyroxene, feldspar, amphibole and biotite c.
quartz, sodium plagioclase and potassium feldspar d.
biotite, pyroxene, amphibole and olivine
37.
The first material formed from plants in the formation of coal is: a.
anthracite coal b.
bituminous coal c. peat d. lignite

38.
Which of the following would NOT be regarded as a process of mechanical weathering a.
abrasion b.
ice wedging c. dissolution (dissolved in liquid) d. exfoliation
39.
In warm, moist climates iron and aluminum are leached from the E zone and deposited (accumulated) in the _______ soil horizon. a.
A c. C b.
B d. O
40.
Cross bedding indicates: a.
currents b.
a beach environment c. graded bedding d. an abyssal fan
41.
A layer of mafic rock is located between sedimentary layers. If there is a baked zone below and an old soil horizon above, the mafic rock is a: a.
metamorphic rock b.
lava flow c. sill d. all of these
42.
Pedocal soils: a.
have calcium concentrated in the B horizon b.
are abundant in the eastern part of the USA c.
are also known as loess d.
all of these answers are correct
43.
Sedimentary rocks may be locally metamorphosed where they are intruded by a hot pluton. This type of metamorphism is called ____. a.
sedimentary c. igneous b.
regional
44.
Hornfels is a.
variety of sandstone b.
formed by directed pressure d. contact c. metamorphosed basalt d. all of these
45.
Which of the following rocks would be most easily metamorphosed? a.
migmatite c. gabbro b.
schist d. basalt
46.
_____ affects the rocks in contact with a batholith. a.
shear stress b.
hydrothermal fluids c. regional pressure d. directed pressure
47.
Which of the following MAY be a chemical precipitant? a.
graywacke b.
shale c. chert d. arkose

48.
Some common minerals listed in order of typical chemical weathering rate, with the most rapidly-weathering mineral listed first, are_____. a.
calcium plagioclase, potassium feldspar, quartz b.
quartz, potassium feldspar, calcium plagioclase c.
potassium feldspar, quartz, calcium plagioclase d.
potassium feldspar, calcium plagioclase, quartz
49.
A railroad cut exposes several sedimentary beds. The lower bed has the coarsest sediments and the top bed has the finest ones. This sequence is the result of a.
an oceanic turbitity current b.
transgressive sea c. wave action d. regressive sea
50.
A(n) _____ is a sandstone containing significant amount of ______. a.
quartzite… …quartz c. greywacke… …feldspar b.
arkose… …calcite d. greywacke… …pyroxene
SLIDES SLIDES
51.
This is a picture of a.
breccia b.
sandstone
SLIDES SLIDES c. conglomerate d. gneiss
52.
The directed pressure for this metamorphic rock was a.
top to bottom b.
front to back c. left to right d. all of these
53.
This is a ______ rock because it has _______ . a.
b.
metamorphic… …feldspar sedimentary… …calcite c. sedimentary… …garnets d. metamorphic… …garnets
54.
This slide shows a good example of _______. a.
regional metamorphism b.
contact metamorphism c. metamomatism d. foliation being formed
55.
This slide shows the effects of _______ a.
exfoliation b.
chemical weathering c. erosion d. metamorphism