MALTEPE UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
MODULE B
PRACTICESHEET 7
APRIL , 2010
PART A: READING & VOCABULARY
1. Read the article "The Mystery of the Maya" and then answer the questions.
The Mayan Indians lived in Mexico for thousands of years before the Spanish arrived in the 1500s. The
Maya were an intelligent, culturally rich people whose achievements were many. They had farms,
beautiful palaces, and cities with many buildings. The Mayan people knew a lot about nature and the
world around them. This knowledge helped them to live a better life than most people of that time,
because they could use it to make their lives more comfortable and rewarding. Knowledge about tools
and farming, for instance, made their work easier and more productive.
In ancient Mexico there were many small clearings in the forest. In each clearing was a village with fields
of corn, beans, and other crops around it. To clear the land for farms, the Maya cut down trees with
stone axes. They planted seeds by digging holes in the ground with pointed sticks. A farmer was able to
grow crops that produced food for several people. But not every Maya had to be a farmer. Some were
cloth makers, builders, or priests.
The Maya believed in many gods, including rain gods, sun gods, and corn gods. The people built large
temples to honor the Mayan gods. Skillful workers built cities around these temples. It was difficult for
them to construct these cities, because they had no horses to carry the heavy stone they used to build
with. Workers had to carry all of the building materials themselves. Today, many of these ancient Mayan
cities and temples are still standing.
Although the cities that the Maya built were beautiful, and the people worked hard to build them, very few
of the people lived in them. Usually, only the priests lived in the cities.The other people lived in small
villages in the forests. Their houses were much simpler than the elaborate structures in the cities. They
lived in small huts with no windows. The walls were made of poles covered with dried mud, and the roof
was made of grass or leaves. Most Maya lived a simple life close to nature.
Measuring time was important to the Maya, so they developed a system for measuring it accurately.
Farmers needed to know when to plant and harvest their crops. Mayan priests made a system to keep
track of time. They wrote numbers as dots (...) and bars (-). A dot was one and a bar was five.
The Mayan priests studied the Sun, Moon, stars, and planets. They made a calendar from what they
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learned. The year was divided into 18 months of 20 days each with five days left over. The Mayan
calendar was far more accurate than the European calendars of the time.
Around the year 800, the Maya left their villages and beautiful cities, never to return. No one knows why
this happened. They may have died from an infectious disease. They may have left because the soil
could no longer grow crops. Archaeologists are still trying to find the lost secrets of the Maya. They are
still one of our greatest mysteries.
1. The Maya were an intelligent, culturally rich people whose achievements were many.
What is a synonym for the word achievements?
a)mistakes
b)successes
c)skills
d)roads
2. The Maya lived in Mexico ……………..
a) only after the Spanish arrived.
b) at the same time as the Spanish.
c) only for a few years.
d) thousands of years before the Spanish
3. The Maya had difficulty in building cities around the temples because
THEY DIDN’T HAVE HORSES AND THEY HAD TO CARRY ALL THE MATERIAL TO BUILD
THESE CITIES.
4. How is the Mayan calendar the same as or different from our current calendar?
THE YEAR WAS DIVIDED INTO 18 MONTHS OF 20 DAYS EACH WITH FIVE DAYS LEFT OVER.
5. What is the main idea of this article?
a) The Mayan calendar was more accurate than the European calendar.
b) The Maya were excellent farmers.
c) The Maya were a culturally rich, advanced society.
d) The Mayan cities were difficult to build.
6. Read this sentence from the story.
Their houses were much simpler than the elaborate structures in the city.
What does elaborate mean?
a) small
b) plain
c) detailed
d) old
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2. Use the words in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the
same line.
MUM’S HOBBY
My mother is a keen PHOTOGRAPHER who takes
PHOTOGRAPH
every chance to practice. She has a great deal
of EQUIPMENT Some of them are very
EQUIP
EXPENSIVE ,so she has to be very
EXPENSE
CAREFUL especially if she goes
CARE
somewhere DANGEROUS. Some of her photos have
DANGER
caused a great deal of AMUSEMENT, although
AMUSE
the rest of us are sometimes IMPATIENT with her,
PATIENT
because she often takes photos at INCONVENIENT
CONVENIENT
times. However, we all ADMIRE her skill and
ADMIRATION
her DETERMINATION to improve her techniques.
DETERMINE
PART B: GRAMMAR
1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
When Sam and Laura MOVED into their new house last month,
everything was in a mess. Someone HAD BROKEN several
windows and the roof WAS LEAKING / HAD LEAKED leaving
stains on the ceiling. Now they ARE WORKING on the house in
their free time. They HAVE ALREADY REPAIRED the roof and
they HAVE PAINTED the rooms, though they HAVEN’T
FINISHED yet. When they have enough money, they WILL / ARE GOING TO BUY some new
furniture. They hope they WILL HAVE FINISHED by summer so they WILL BE ABLE to invite
some friends for a visit.
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2. Choose the correct answer.
When Jake (1)……………. the door, he knew someone (2)……………..in the house. Things were
different. Earlier that morning, he (3) …………….. a man standing outside and now he wondered if
this man (4)…………..for him to leave the house. Jake went into the kitchen. The window was open.
He was sure he (5) ……………. it earlier. Next, he went into the garden. Jake knew something very
strange (6) …………… on. He went back into the house. He had just got to the top of the stairs
(7)………. He heard a noise coming fro the bedroom. Slowly, he opened the door and there, lying in
the middle of the bed, was his sister! She (8) …………………. Jake was very relieved.
1.
A) has opened
B) opens
C) opened
2.
A) had been
B) is
C) has been
3.
A) was seeing
B) had seen
C) has seen
4.
A) is
B) waited
C) had been waiting
5.
A) had closed
B) was closing
C) had been closing
6.
A) was going
B) went
C) have been going
7.
A) after
B) when
C) while
8.
A) was sleeping
B) slept
C) had slept
3. Underline the correct tense
a. When we go to Paris, we will climb / will have climbed the Eiffel Towel.
b. Andy was relieved to hear that he was passing / had passed the exam.
c. James will have completed / will be completing his studies by the end of the year.
d. Kim will be performing / will have performed in the school concert next week.
e. Neither / Either Peter nor Tom came to the meeting.
f.
The little boy was crying because he had lost / was losing his mother.
g. ‘We have run out of milk.’. ‘Really? I will buy / will have bought some more this afternoon.’
h. This time tomorrow, I will leave / will be leaving for the airport.
i.
Either/ Neither Susan or Laura will tell you what to do.
j.
Keri was angry. She had been waiting / was waiting for Sarah for two hours.
k. I will collect / will have collected you from Peter’s house on my way home.
l.
Graham had been working / was working for the company for twenty years before he
retired.
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4. Rewrite the following sentences.
1. The skirt is so long that I can’t wear it.
too
The skirt is too long to wear.
2. She started learning Japanese six months ago.
been
She has been learning Japanese for six months.
3. We didn’t start eating until all the people arrived.
before
We waited until all the people had arrived before eating.
4. This coat is too small for me to wear.
enough
This coat is not big enough for me to wear.
5. If you don’t call me, I will get the bus home.
unless
Unless you call me, I will get the bus home.
6. Tracy and Stella watched the programme.
both
Both Tracy and Stella watched the programme.
7. Clare hasn’t been to America and her sisters haven’t either.
neither
Neither Clare nor her sisters have been to America.
8. Kate likes chocolate. John likes chocolate,too.
and
Both Kate and John like chocolate.
9.Sue doesn’t go to school. Lee doesn’t , either.
nor
Neither Sue nor Lee goes to school.
10. My parents usually go to bed at 11. I will arrive home at 11.30 tonight.
have
By the time I arrive , my parents will have already gone to bed.
11. I will be in the middle of having my lunch at 12.
be
I will be having lunch at 12.
12. Stop that noise or I’m going to take your toy away.
don’t
If you don’t stop that noise, I’m going to take your toy away.
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13. If you don’t have his number, you can’t phone him.
unless
Unless you have his number, you can’t phone him.
14. I didn't understand what he was saying because I hadn't read his book.
have
If I had read his book, I would have understood what he was saying.
PART C: WRITING
1. Study the graph above. Use the language in the boxes to complete the sections A-D of the
description of the graph. There is a code to help you: v for a verb, adv for an adverb, n for a
noun, adj for an adjective, app for an approximation, te for a time expression and p for a
preposition.
A)
This graph compares the total wages of football players in the top five European leagues (1)
between 1995 and 2006 (2) in millions of Euros (€). (3) Overall, there has been an (4) increase in
premier league wages (5) during the period, but wages in the English Premier League are now (6)
significantly higher than those in other European leagues.
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B) (7) In 1995, total premier league wages (8) started (9) at around €200 million for all the leagues,
although the highest earning footballers were those in the Italian Serie A. (10) From 1995 to 2001,
wages in the Spanish, German and French leagues (11) went up (12) steadily (13) to (14) around
€550 million for Spain and Germany and (15) about €430 million for France. However, in the same
period wages in the English and Italian leagues (16) rocketed (17) to (18) exactly a billion euros.
After 2001, wages in the English League continued (19) to climb (20) sharply (21) to (22) just
under €1,200 (23) in 2003. Although there was a (24) slight (25) dip (26) to (27) approximately
€1,150 million euros (28) at the end of 2004, English players’ wages subsequently (29) rose again
to (30) just over €1,200 again today.
C) In contrast, wages in the Italian Serie A (31) peaked (32) at €1bn in 2001. (33) Between 2001
and 2002, total Italian wages (34) dropped (35) dramatically (36) by (37) roughly €100 million
(38) to (39) more or less €900 million. (40) Over the next four years, there was a (41) steady
(42) decline, and total Italian wages (43) stand (44) at just €800 million today. On the other hand,
there has been a (45) gradual (46) rise (47) in wages for footballers in the Spanish La Liga (48)
throughout the whole period. Although Spanish wages (49) levelled out during 2003, they have
(50) jumped (51) rapidly since 2004 (52) to (53) around €750 today.
D) Although there was (54) no change (55) in the wages of the German Bundesliga players (56)
between 2001 and 2004, they have recently (57) increased (58) moderately (59) to (60) nearly
€600 today. Finally, though wages in the French Ligue 1 actually (61) went down (62) slightly (63)
from 2002 to 2004, they have recently (64) leaped (65) by (66) around €100 million (67) to (68)
well over €500 million.
In conclusion, we can see that English Premiership (69) won the intense competition for star
players with the Italian Serie A up to 2001, and that the premiership remains the most financially
powerful league in Europe today, with (70) considerably (71) higher wages and (72) far more (73)
expensive players. However, the Spanish League is set to (74) overtake Italy as Europe’s top
paying football league – what will this mean for the future of European football?
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