BIOL 1020: Principles of Biology
Exam II
1.
Each is a component of the DNA nucleotide except a:
A. nitrogen base
B. pentose sugar
C. phosphate group
D. fatty acid
2.
The two strands of the DNA double helix are:
A. parallel
B. antiparallel
C. polypeptides
D. semiconservative
DNA replication is best described as being:
A. dispersive
B. conservative
D. semiconservative
3.
4.
C. repressive
RNA polymerase recognizes a(n) _______ sequence of the gene.
A. origin
B. promoter
C. repressor
D. operator
5.
New aminoacyl-tRNAs (tRNA with attached amino acid) bind to mRNA at the _______ site of the
ribosome.
A. A
B. B
C. T
D. P
E. Z
6.
The first amino acid in any protein is coded for by which codon?
A. UGA which codes for leucine.
B. UAA which codes for glycine.
C. AUG which codes for methionine .
D. UUA which is a stop codon
E. Varies from protein to protein so it cannot be determined.
7.
Pieces of mRNA that are transcribed from the DNA, but are NOT found in the mature
mRNA molecule once it reaches the cytoplasm, are called:
A. exons
B. introns
C. codons
D. anti-codons
8.
Okazaki fragments are:
A. pieces of chromosomes created by topoisomerases
B. made from 3' to 5' so that they can be joined together at the replication fork.
C. made on the lagging strand from 5' to 3'.
D. ligated together by DNA helicases.
E. made on the leading strand from 5' to 3'.
9.
DNA is always synthesized _____________ on both the leading and lagging strands?
A. from 3'--->5'
B. from 5'--->3'
C. as the Okazaki fragment
D. in both directions
E. at the replication fork
10.
Working with mutations in mould, Beadle & Tatum demonstrated relationship between one gene and
one __________.
A. lipid
B. enzyme
C. sugar
D. amino acid
11.
DNA molecules have:
A. an alternating sugar-phosphate backbone
B. 2 hydrogen bonds between G and C base pairs
E. none of the above
12.
C. 3 hydrogen bonds between A and T base pairs
D. all of the above
Nucleotides are fastened together by ____________ bond.
A. glycosidic
B. ester
C. peptide
D. phosphodiester
13.
Eukaryotic mRNA is transcribed in ________________and translated in_______________.
A. chloroplast/ nucleus
B. mitochondria/ cytoplasm
C. nucleus/ cytoplasm
D.cytoplasm/ nucleus
14.
Replicate this piece of DNA: 5'-TATGATCCCGTACCT-3' (keep in mind the correct orientation for
nucleic acids in selecting your answer)
A. 5'-AUACUAGGGCAUGGA-3'
B. 5'-ATACTAGGGCATGGA-3'
C. 5'-AGGUACGGGAUCAUA-3'
D. 5'-AGGTACGGGATCATA-3'
15.
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages of translation?
A. chain elongation
B. initiation
C. chain termination
D. RNA folding
16.
Anticodon sequence is present on __________
A. ribsome
B. tRNA
C. mRNA
D. rRNA
Introns are found in ________ mRNA.
A. prokaryotic
B. eukaryotic
D. None of the above
17.
C. both A & B
18.
For a complete translation (including termination) of a protein synthesis containing 330 amino acids
would require an mRNA coding region of ____________ bases long.
A. 993
B. 663
C. 660
D. 330
E. 990
19.
Codons are:
A. responsible for making sure DNA replication does not produce mutations.
B. used to translate an mRNA into the amino acid sequence of a protein.
C. the code geneticists use to let A stand for adenine, G for guanine, C for cytosine, and T for thymidine.
D. sequences of one, two or three bases depending on how many amino acids are found in a protein.
20.
Untranslated leader sequence is present at the ______ of the _________.
A. 5’ end / mRNA
B. 5’end / tRNA
C. 3’ end / mRNA
D. 3’end / rRNA
21.
The genetic code contains
A. 4
B. 61
22.
Translation terminates when:
A. a missense mutation is encountered.
C. the ribosome runs out of tRNA.
___ different codons for twenty different amino acids..
C. 64
D. 128
B. a stop codon is encountered.
D. the 3' end of the mRNA is reached.
23.
Ploy A+ is added to eukaryotic mRNA after transcription at ______ end.
A. 3’
B. 5’
C. both 3’ & 5’
D. in the middle
24.
Which of the following serves as an adapter during translation?
A. mRNA
B. rRNA
C. tRNA
D. cDNA
Matching. Choose the one definition from the list at the right (A-D) which best describes the activity of
enzymes (25-28).
25.
DNA polymerase
A. Synthesizes DNA from a DNA template, requires primer
26.
Topoisomerase
B. Joins together Okazaki fragments on lagging strands
27.
DNA ligase
C. Nicks and rejoins DNA to relieve "knotting"
28
Helicase
D. Unwinds the DNA double helix for replication and transcription
29.
Where is the amino acid binding site located on the tRNA?
A. in the anticodon loop
B. at the 5’ end
D. randomly located
30.
31.
C. at the 3’ end
The first tRNA to initiate translation has 5’______ 3’ anticodon nucleotide sequence.
A. AUG
B. GUA
C. TAC
D. CTU
DNA replication requires_________________
A. DNA polymerase
B. small RNA primer
D. both A & B
E. Both B & C
E. CAU
C. RNA polymerase
32.
DNA synthesis on lagging strand takes place________________.
A. by series of Okazaki fragments
B. entirely by complementary RNA
C. by complementary copy of leading strand D. by RNA primers only
33.
DNA strand is replicated continuously on the ___________.
A. primary strand
B. secondary strand
C. leading strand
D. lagging strand.
34.
Which of the following represents Frame shift mutation of of the sequence AGACTTCAG?
A. AGAGTTCAG
B. AGTACTCAG
C. AGACTTCAG
D. AGATTCAG
35.
Translation of mRNA begins from _____end and produce polypeptide from ________terminal end.
A. 3’ / carboxyl
B. 5’ / amino
C. 3’ / amino
D. 5’ / carboxyl
36.
A single deletion of base in coding sequence results in _____.
A. transcription termination
B. a frameshift mutation
C. missense mutation
D. nonsense mutation
37.
An example of point mutation in the codon GGG is ______.
A. GGU
B. UGA
C. UGU
38.
39.
40.
D. UAG
Each is a contact between animal cells except___________
A. Desmosomes
B. Tight junction
C. Plasmodesmata
The sodium-potassium pump works by
A. active transport
C. diffusion
B. osmosis
D. endocytosis
Osmosis is the
A. diffusion of water
C. active transport of water
B. diffusion of a solute
D. active transport of a solute
D. Gap junctiom
41.
Dialysis is
A. diffusion of water
C. active transport of water
B. diffusion of a solute
D. active transport of a solute
42.
Plant cells placed in 2M sucrose (Hypertonic solution) will______________
A. swell slightly
B. undergo lysis
C. undergo plasmolysis
D. remain unchanged
43.
Most volume of plant cells is present in___________.
A. mitochondria
B. nucleus
C. vacuole
D. cytoplasm
44.
Cell integrity is maintained best in a(an) _____________ solution.
A. hypertonic
B. hypotonic
C. isotonic
D. high sugar
45.
Which of the following is a type of cell junction that allows specific & rapid communication between
adjacent cells?
A. loose junction
B. tight junction
C. desmosome
D. gap junction
46.
Turgor pressure is
A. hydrostatic pressure in animal cells
C. concentration of dissolved solutes
47.
B. internal hydrostatic pressure in plant cells
D. non of the above
Uptake of glucose in blood cells occurs as a result of
A. pump working against concentration gradient
C. facilitated diffusion down the concentration gradient
E. active uptake against concentration gradient
B. exocytosis
D. endocytosis
48.
Plant cells show sign of wilting because of loss of ___________
A. isotonic pressure
B. turgor pressure
C. facilitated diffusion
49.
Pinocytosis is _____.
A. engulfment of large solid particles by cells
C. occurs in plant cells
B. uptake of fluid by membrane invaginations
D. transport against concentration gradient
50.
LDL-cholesterol is transported in the cells by______________
A. passive transport
B. pinocytosis
C. receptor mediated transport D. phagocytosis
51.
___________ are synthesized in smooth ER
A. proteins
B. carbohydrates
52.
C. lipids
Cilia has well organized arrangement of ________ proteins.
A. actin filament
B. intermediate filament
C. glycocalyx
D. peroxides
D. tubulin
53.
Glyoxosomes are microbodies found in _________ and help provide nutrient by breaking down complex
polymers during _______________.
A. liver / toxicity
B. plants / peroxide formation
C. plants / germination
D. liver / sickness
54.
Golgi complex is the site for _______________.
A. protein degradation
B. protein modification
C. protein synthesis
D. protein purification
55.
Chloroplasts are considered to of endosybiotic origin because ________________
A. contains DNA
B. synthesizes its own protein
C. has complex membrane
D. both A & C
E. both A & B
56.
______________ are synthesized in nucleolus.
A. proteins
B. ribosomes
C. centrioles
D. lipids
57.
Nucleosomes are made up of _________________
A. DNA and -evely charged histones
B. RNA and –evely charged histones
C. DNA and +evely charged histones
D. RNA and +evely charged histones
58.
Macromolecules and organelles are recycled in cells by _____________
A. mitochondria
B. centriole
C. vacuole
D. lysosomes
E. nucleus
59.
Plasma membrane is bilayer because phospholipids have ____________________
A. nonpolar head and polar tail
B. amphipathic molecules
C. nonpolar tail and polar head
D. both A & B
E. both B & C
60.
Intermediate filaments are found in ________________
A. plant cells
B. bacteria
C. animal cells
D. none of the above