Study guide for the test 4 anth1000c
Please note that these questions are mainly based on your test book.
1.
According to cultural materialism, religion
a. is part of superstructure.
b. is unrelated to infrastructure.
c. is based on erroneous, non-scientific beliefs.
d. has no function in terms of other domains of culture.
e. has declined in importance since the emergence of the state.
2.
If someone were to collect bits of your hair and nail clippings to use in a magical
ritual, this person is practicing
a. contagious magic.
b. imitative magic.
c. polytheism.
d. divination.
e. a rite of passage.
3.
As opposed to a shaman or shamanka, a priest or priestess tends to
a. be more formally trained.
b. have their success judged in terms of their ritual knowledge.
c. occupy a hereditary position.
d. live in state-level societies.
e. all of the above.
4.
The sense of belonging that develops among pilgrims from diverse backgrounds is
called
a. syncretism.
b. communitas.
c. reversal.
d. rite of passage.
e. euhemerism.
5.
Magic
a. is no longer practiced in any society.
b. is more associated with horticultural societies than agricultural societies.
c. is more associated with male gender roles in religion than female gender roles.
d. depends on the proper conduct of rituals to please the gods.
e. is most likely to be practiced in contemporary societies in situations of
uncertainty.
6.
An example of animatism, or the belief in an impersonal supernatural power, is
a. cargo cults.
b. polytheism.
c. mana.
d. early Christianity.
e. euhemerism.
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7.
A ritual that includes nothing to do with supernaturals is referred to as
a. a bank holiday.
b. magic.
c. a secular ritual.
d. a syncretic ritual.
e. atheistic.
8.
An example of a life-cycle ritual is
a. Thanksgiving in North America.
b. a puberty ceremony.
c. the annual fall harvest.
d. a rain dance during a severe drought.
e. Carnival.
9.
Animism is based on the belief in
a. zoomorphic deities.
b. the soul as a separable entity.
c. a strict division between magic and religion.
d. the importance of animal sacrifice.
e. reincarnation.
10.
A church wedding is an example of a
a. ritual of reversal.
b. seasonal ritual.
c. secular ritual.
d. sacrifice.
e. life-cycle ritual.
11.
The three universal phases of life-cycle rituals, according to Victor Turner, are
a. separation, sacrifice, recovery.
b. separation, ritual death, reincarnation.
c. separation, transition, reintegration.
d. separation, pain, pleasure.
e. none of the above: the phases of such rituals vary greatly depending on
cultural context.
12.
Carnival is an example of a
a. life-cycle ritual.
b. ritual of reversal.
c. ritual for improving crop yields.
d. universal ritual.
e. secular ritual.
13.
Religion is re-emerging in the former Soviet Union.
a. True
b. False
14.
Anthropologists agree that magic was an early form of religion that has
disappeared in modern times.
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a. True
b. False
15.
Syncretism refers to the merging of one religious belief or practice with another.
a. True
b. False
16.
Compared to a myth, a religious doctrine is more likely to be unwritten.
a. True
b. False
17.
A people's world view always includes a religious element.
a. True
b. False
18.
Tylor's theory of the origin of religion was based on people's belief in the soul.
a. True
b. False
19.
Magic is most likely to be practiced by people in situations of greatest uncertainty.
a. True
b. False
20.
According to Claude Levi-Strauss, myths are tribal people's form of philosophy.
a. True
b. False
21.
The theory that many deities are based on real humans who have died is referred
to as monotheism.
a. True
b. False
22.
A religious specialist chosen primarily on his or her ability to go into trance and
communicate with the supernaturals is called a _______________.
23.
The collective unity that is gained when many diverse people come together on a
pilgrimage is called _______________.
24.
_______________ is the term for the blending of features of more than one
religion.
25.
When people take on roles that are opposite to their normal roles during a ritual,
they are participating in a kind of ritual termed a _______________.
26.
_______________ refers to a belief system in which the supernatural is conceived
of as an inanimate, impersonal force.
27.
Discuss several theories of the origin of religion.
28.
The anthropology of tourism has focused thus far mainly on
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a. the impact of Western tourism on indigenous peoples.
b. resistance movements of indigenous peoples against mass tourism on their
land.
c. the role of international tourism in the world economy.
d. how tourism has affected the health of both tourists and people in the
destination areas.
e. the impact of tourists on the quality of the environment in the United States and
Canada.
29.
The latest interpretation of the "Venus figurines" suggests that they were
a. made as children's toys.
b. self-portraits sculpted by pregnant women.
c. fertility goddesses used in temples.
d. the first forms of pornography.
e. used in teaching young women about marriage and motherhood.
30.
A prominent interpretation offered by cultural anthropologists about games and
sports sees them as
a. meaningless and trivial activities unworthy of study.
b. "microcosms" of society.
c. best analyzed from a biological perspective.
d. more important in non-state societies than in state-level societies.
e. the clearest examples of human agency.
31.
Esthetics
a. are a set of standards defining what is art.
b. differ widely cross-culturally in what they include.
c. exist in all cultures.
d. may vary among different individuals within cultures.
e. all of the above.
32.
Compared to art historians, anthropologists who study art are more likely to
a. learn how to create a particular form of art themselves.
b. study the artist.
c. examine the process of making and using art.
d. study motif shifts as a clue to broader cultural change.
e. all of the above.
33.
The study of music within particular cultural contexts is referred to as
a. ethnology.
b. ethnomusicology.
c. museum anthropology.
d. ethnoesthetics.
e. epidemiology.
34.
Museum anthropology explores
a. material culture of the past.
b. arts and objects of contemporary interest.
c. how and why museums choose to collect and display particular objects.
d. fine craftsmanship.
e. local art.
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35.
The subfield of anthropology that studies music cross-culturally is called
a. ethnography.
b. ethnoscience.
c. ethnomusicology.
d. epidemiology.
e. emics.
36.
In Canada hockey is linked to images of
a. national character and identity.
b. national conflict.
c. defeat and mistrust.
d. American football.
e. Grey Cup.
37.
Given current global exchanges and influences in art and play, it is suprising that
leisure activities and artistic products and performances have not changed to
reflect new ideas and tastes.
a. True
b. False
38.
The definition of art used by anthropologists is broader than that used by art
historians.
a. True
b. False
39.
Games can both reflect and reinforce cultural values.
a. True
b. False
40.
International tourism is having little effect on expressive culture worldwide.
a. True
b. False
41.
Provide two examples from the textbook of how Western influence has
transformed some aspect of art/expressive culture in a non-Western context.
42.
How and why do anthropologists study the artist? What are some findings about
artists that anthropological research has provided?
43.
What are important questions in research related to gender and expressive
culture? Discuss two examples of research on gender.
44.
What is involved in the conceptual differences, in the English language, between
fine art and folk art? Discuss some examples of art mentioned in the textbook
(such as Venus figurines, hula, Russian icons, etc.) and whether or not the
categories of fine art or folk art are useful.
45.
Anthropological research shows that refugees have an easier time adapting to
their new location when
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a. they have been able to spend a long period in relocation camps as a
"transition" period.
b. the culture of the destination area resembles the one they left.
c. the "pioneer migrant" is the male head of household.
d. they are relocated to a rural area.
e. they are relocated to a warm climate.
46.
In 1969 _____________ became a signatory to the United Nations Convention on
Refugees.
a. United States
b. Canada
c. Great Britain
d. Germany
e. France
47.
One key characteristic of the "new immigration" is
a. feminization.
b. localization.
c. levelling out of numbers.
d. juvenilization.
e. specialization.
48.
The arrival of large numbers of new immigrants in any community causes
a. many new immigrant people take on high-wage work that other Canadians are
willing to do.
b. such refugees to stay on welfare for many years.
c. apprehension and concern, especially when the new arrivals have substantially
different languages and customs from the resident populations.
d. them to be perceived as "an economic success story."
e. them to take up employment in the formal sector since it is more lucrative than
employment in the informal sector.
49.
Transnational migrants are a form of
a. circular migrants.
b. refugees.
c. chain migrants.
d. illegal migrants.
e. institutional migrants.
50.
While the Unite States refers to the melting pot that assimilates newcomers,
Canada's official multiculturalism policy encourages
a. distinctive identity.
b. cultural isolation.
c. separation along ethnic lines.
d. intolerance to ethnic diversity.
e. individuals and communities to maintain linguistic and cultural diversity.
51.
A major aspect of the new immigration is the increase in female migrants.
a. True
b. False
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52.
The more different a migrant's place of origin and destination, the easier will be his
or her process of adjustment to the new location.
a. True
b. False
53.
Refugees are people who are forced to relocate.
a. True
b. False
54.
The movement of a person or group from one place to another is termed
______________.
55.
The theory that says people often move from economically depressed rural areas
to urban areas is called ______________.
56.
People who migrate for work are referred to as ______________.
57.
What does the term "transnational migration" mean?
58.
What are some of the economic aspects of migration; in your answer consider
both motivations for migration and aspects of adaptation in the new location.
Answers
1
1.
a
2.
a
3.
e
4.
b
5.
e
6.
c
7.
c
8.
b
9.
b
10. e
11. c
12. b
13. True
14. False
15. True
16. False
17. False
18. True
19. True
20. True
21. False
22. shaman/shamanka
23. communitas
24. syncretism
25. ritual of reversal
26. animatism
27. E
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28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
a
b
b
e
e
b
c
c
a
False
True
True
False
E
E
E
E
b
b
a
c
a
e
True
False
True
migration
push-pull theory
labor migrants/wage labor migrants
E
E
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