RUFIJI BASIN WATER BOARD
RUFIJI BASIN ANNUAL HYDROLOGICAL REPORT 2012/2013
Prepared by:
Rufiji Basin Water Board
December, 2013
Page: 1
Contents
1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 4
1.1 The Objective of Annual Hydrological Report ............................................................... 4
1.2 Location and administrative Units of the Basin .............................................................. 4
1.3 Physiography .................................................................................................................. 5
1.3.1 Topography ..................................................................................................................... 5
1.3.2 Geomorphology ............................................................................................................... 5
1.3.3 Drainage Patterns ........................................................................................................... 5
1.3.4 Landuse and Land Cover ............................................................................................... 6
1.3.5 Soils................................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 Main Features in the Basin ............................................................................................... 6
2.0 HYDROLOGICAL NETWORKS ............................................................................ 7
2.1 Rainfall and other climatic stations.................................................................................. 7
2.1.1 Temporal and Spatial Coverage of Monitoring stations ............................................. 7
2.2 River discharge .............................................................................................................. 9
3.0 HYDROLOGY OF THE BASIN AND THE CURRENT STATUS .................... 13
3.1 Climate .............................................................................................................................. 13
3.2 Runoff Distribution.......................................................................................................... 14
3.3 Water Storage................................................................................................................... 15
4.0 GENERAL REMARKS AND WAY FOWARD .................................................... 17
5.0 ANNEXES ................................................................................................................. 18
Page: 2
EXCUTIVE SUMMARY
The Rufiji Basin covers an area of 183,791 square kilometres (about 20% of Tanzania). The river
drains into the Indian Ocean. The basin does not follow political boundaries; it cut across eleven Regions
and 32 Districts. The altitude of the basin rises from 0 meters above mean sea level (mamsl) at the
Indian Ocean to above 2,960 mamsl in the highlands (Kipengere ranges and Poroto Mountains) Iringa
and Mbeya Regions. The Basin is divided into four sub basins which are Great Ruaha (46.5%),
Kilombero (21.9%), Luwegu (13.8%) and Lower Rufiji (17.7%). The Basin varies greatly in
climatic and hydrological conditions from Coastal to the mountainous regions. 400mm in the
Great Ruaha to 1800mm in Kilombero sub basin.
The office has 16 weather stations of which 10 of it have automatic weather machines which are
working well. 6 stations have installed with only manual equipments. 3 manual stations are
working well and the other 3 need rehabilitation. The rehabilitation of stations is in progress. Also
there is 11 manual rainfall stations, 6 are fully operational and 6 need rehabilitation. There is a
plan to install 2 new stations. Also The basin is maintaining a network of 57 hydrometric Stations.
From these we collect information on water level. 52 stations are fully operational, 2 are partially
operated and 3 are non operational
There are several socio economical activities within the basin which to the individual and national
economy, this includes; agriculture, tourism, hydropower generation, fisheries, mining and
livestock keeping.
The office has been recording the rainfall data from monitoring stations. From the data collected it
was noted that the basin received more rainfall for Kilombero sub basin than Great Ruaha sub
basin this is due to uneven distribution of rainfall within the basin. Also it was noted that in the
last hydrological year the was average in Great Ruaha Catchment and it was a wet year in
Kilombero
The flow of the river was noted to be within the average. However, it has noted that economic
activities have increased hence decreases the flows in most of the rivers which consequently lead
to insufficient flow to downstream users.
Water level in Mtera dam noted to be decreasing and hence the period in which dam is operated
under dead storage has been increased. However in Kihansi dam the situation is not bad due to the
fact that, there is less human activities within the catchment.
The basin is running important water resources management interventions including Studies for
Construction of Ndembera dam and Preparation of the Integrated Water Resources Management
Plan. These are expected to be solution to many water related challenges within the basin. Also the
office is planning to conducting intensive rating review exercise in the next hydrological year
Page: 3
1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1 The Objective of Annual Hydrological Report
The Objective of the Annual Hydrological Report is to report on the annual Basin Water situation
and hydrology of the basin.
1.2 Location and administrative Units of the Basin
The Rufiji Basin covers an area of 183,791 square kilometres (about 20% of Tanzania). The river
drains into the Indian Ocean. The basin is situated between Longitudes 33o55’E and 39o25’E and
between Latitudes 5o35’S and 10o45’S. The basin does not follow political boundaries, instead it
follows hydrological boundaries. It has eleven Regions which most are covered partly namely, Mbeya,
Iringa, Njombe, Dodoma, Singida, Tabora, Morogoro, Ruvuma, Lindi, Coast and Dar Es Salaam. 32
Districts fall in this basin
Figure 1: The Tanzania map showing Rufiji Basin.
Page: 4
1.3 Physiography
1.3.1 Topography
The altitude of the basin rises from 0 meters above mean sea level (mamsl) at the Indian Ocean to
above 2,960 mamsl in the highlands (Kipengere ranges and Poroto Mountains) Iringa and Mbeya
Regions. The Rufiji Basin can easily be identified through its physiology in that the delta and the
flood plain of the Lower Rufiji forms one portion of the basin gradually rising into a plateau of the
coastal hinterland into the Southern highlands and the Central Plateau of Tanzania.
1.3.2 Geomorphology
Land surfaces in the Rufiji belong to former erosion cycles which were dissected or partly
removed as a result of epeirogenic movements, namely uplifts of the earth’s crust accompanied by
tilting and faulting. The predominant erosion surfaces are the Gondwanaland (late-Jurassic)
surfaces in the Kipengere and Usagara Mountains, African (late-cretaceous) surfaces, African
surfaces and post African (mid-tertiary) Surfaces (most dominant in the basin). Due to structural
events changes in local base levels of erosion. The drainage patterns in the basin are highly
dependent on its geomorphology.
1.3.3 Drainage Patterns
The Rufiji Basin is divided into four sub basins as shown in Table 1.
Table 1; The four major Rivers in the Rufiji Basin
The basin is characterised by many wetlands both in the highlands and the lowlands. The major
wetlands are the Utengule in the Great Ruaha and the Kibasila in the Kilombero. The mangrove at
the Rufiji river delta, are also a special type of vegetation in the Basin.
Page: 5
1.3.4 Landuse and Land Cover
The land in the Rufiji Basin is used mainly for agriculture, tourism wildlife conservation, fisheries
and mining. Agriculture is major practiced in the Usangu plain and Kilombero basin. Tourism and
wildlife conservation are practiced in the National Parks (Udzungwa, Mikumi, Kitulo and Ruaha)
and the Game reserves (Selous, Mpanga/Kipengele and Rungwa). Fisheries are practiced in the
Kilombero, Great Ruaha and Rufiji rivers. Mining projects are developed in the Selous basin at
Namtumbo district where Uranium is developed and Copper project in Iringa district at Nyang’oro
hills.
1.3.5 Soils
The soils of Basin are derived from the geology as it’s the result of weathering of the parent rocks
in the area. According to the geology of the area major soils of the basin are sand, slit and clay
soils from weathered sandstone, shales and siltstones in the Lower Rufiji. The Great Ruaha
Catchment is dominated with reddish-brown silt/caly, sand and silt in the downstream of the Great
Ruaha and Kilombero. The upstream of the Great Ruaha is dominated with sandy soils, fine silt
and clay volcanic soils resulting from the weathering of the gneiss, hornblende, quartizites, gabbro,
amphibolites, shales and mudstones. The flood plains in Lower Rufiji, Great Ruaha and
Kilombero Catchments are dominated with the black clay soil and scarcely distributed sand and
silt soils.
The Luwegu Catchment is dominated with reddish course to medium grained sand, silt and clay
soils from weathering of metamorphosed sandstone, mudstone, shales and siltstone of continental
origin.
1.4 Main Features in the Basin
The Rufiji River Basin varies greatly in climatic and hydrological conditions. The basin has a
humid and hot climate at the coast and in the Kilombero valley. The climate is hot and dry in the
North-Western part of the Great Ruaha River Basin, while in the mountainous regions it is cold.
Except for the lower parts of the basin, which experience two rainy seasons, the largest portion of
the basin is characterized by unimodal rainfall. Rainfall is high along the mountain chain in the
western Kilombero valley. The annual rainfall in Kilombero ranges from 1,000 mm to 1,800 mm
with an annual average of around 1,400 mm. Rainfall decreases towards the middle of Great
Ruaha su-basin where annual rainfall ranges from 400 mm to 1,200 mm with an average of about
800 mm. High rainfall is also received around the Mahenge Hills in the Morogoro Region.
Rainfall in the Luwegu sub-basin is estimated to range between 800 mm and 1,400 mm annually
with an average of 1,100 mm. Rainfall is also temporally uneven with the majority falling from
November to May, and the remainder of the year receiving very little rain.
As mentioned above the Rufiji Basin is made up of the four principal sub-basins. The principal
sub-basins are composed of numerous river systems. The Rufiji River can have maximum flows
of up to 14,000 m3/sec and minimum flows of about 50 m3/sec in the lower catchment. Flows in
the basin have a wide range of variation (between the low flow and high flow periods). The
largest part of the basin experiences longer dry seasons and shorter wet seasons.
Page: 6
2.0 HYDROLOGICAL NETWORKS
2.1 Rainfall and other climatic stations
2.1.1 Temporal and Spatial Coverage of Monitoring stations
The office has 16 weather stations of which 10 of it have automatic weather machines which are
working well. 6 stations have installed with only manual equipments. 3 manual stations are
working well and the other 3 need rehabilitation. The rehabilitation of stations is in progress.
Table
Table 2.1: The Climatic Stations in the Rufiji Basin
S/No
1
2
TMA
Station
Id
9734001
9735011
Station Name
Msembe
Mtera automet
Lat (S)
97.7500
97.1000
Long (E)
Mean
Annual
Precipitation (MAP)
in mm
34.9000
503.7
(38 years 1971-2012)
36.0000
3
9736013
Mtandika
97.5667
36.4333
4
9834000
Madibira automet
98.1994
34.8186
5
9834006
Igawa automet
6
*1K1044
Utete automet
7
*1KB1053
9736006
Malinyi automet
8
9
9635012
98.7667
97.9933
085529
34.3833
38.7661
360818
Malolo met
98.9167
33.4667
Dodoma met
-6.18
35.75
10
*1KB1046
Njombe automet
99.3453
34.7661
11
1KA/R05
Ilangali automet
065200
350600
12
13
*1KA1047
1KB1054
Matamba met
Uhafiwa
14
Namtumbo met
15
Igurusi met
16
*1KB1052
Ifakara automet
085637
-6.66667
10°27’28.1”
98.0939
335819
35.95
36°09’17.
6”
36.6836
502.4
(42 years 1971-2012)
(497.9
15 years 1982-1997))
761.1
20 years 1971-2008
681.9
(41 years 1961-2012)
1120.1
4 years 2000-2011
371
(5 years 2007-2012)
548.8
26 years 1966- 2011
525.1
(7 years 2000-2007)
Missin
g data
years
data
4
1
17
Todate
Operational
1971
Todate
1971
1997
1971
2008
1971
Todate
2006
2009
1997
2000
1971
2010
1961
2011
1999
2007
1982
2004
Operational
2003
2011
todate
Operational
10
7
3
19
1
1
2008
-
To
be
rehabilitated
To
be
rehabilitated
Operational
Operational
1
2100.2
5 years 2008-2013
Page: 7
end date
Operational
1971
2
1310.1
4 years 2000-2010
start
date
-
1008.4
(7 years 2003-2011)
-
Remarks
2013
todate
2013
Todate
1999
2010
6
Operational
To
be
rehabilitated
Under TMA
Operational
Operational
New station,
operational
New station,
operational
operational
The Office also has 11 manual rainfall stations, 6 are fully operational and 5 need rehabilitation.
There is a plan to install 2 new stations. There are other institutions which have rainfall station like
agricultural centers, missions, big farms and private company. The office is sharing information
with these institutions. Also construction, rehabilitation and installation of stations is in progress
Table 2.2
Sn
1
Rainfall Station in Rufiji basin
Stn No.
Station Name
1KA/R06
Mbarali
Scheme
lat
Elevation
(m)
Long
Start
Close
2010
Irrigation
-8.66667
34.25
1,047
1970
todate
2
1KA/R10
Kimani
-8.83333
1189
34.16667
1963
2011
3
1KA/R20
Matamba Pr. School
-8.93333
34.01667
1971
Longterm
Annual
Mean
Preciptatn
Missin
g
years
593
27 years 19711998
515.21
43 years 1963 –
todate
1105.9
(26 years19712012)
-
1993
4
1KB/R09
Taveta Mission
-9.01667
35.51667
915
1942
5
1KA/R29
Nyabu/Loje
-6.81667
35.96667
1970
2000
2004
Rujewa RBWO
7
9934018
Tanganyika Wattle Co.
-9.23
34.87
8
9736013
Mtandika
97.5667
36.4333
Usokami
8°13’49.
7”
35°41’22.6”
Iringa Maji
97.7725
35.6994
9
10
9735014
1,829
1998
1971
2002
1997
2013
1972
Todate
1479.81
32 years 19431991
-
9735022
Izazi P/School
-7.17
35.73
1982
Operational
11
Operational
4
To
rehabilitated
To
rehabilitated
be
980.7
3 years 19982001
(497.94
15 years 19821997)
Todate
todate
591.33
10 years
(1994-2012)
Operational
1
1
Under
Tanganyika wattle
Co.
To
rehabilitated
5
New station
Operational
9
Operational
The Rufiji Basin hydrometeorological spatial coverage of measuring stations is shown in figure 2
and the temporal coverage as well as status of the station is shown on table 2.1 and 2.2
Page: 8
be
3
697.40.
47 years 19622012
537.57
11
7
677.76
7 years 20022012
2002
Under
Mbarali
Irrigation scheme
16
todate
6
Remarks
be
Figure 2: Climatic stations in Rufiji basin
2.2 River discharge
2.2.1 Temporal and spatial coverage of measuring stations
The basin is maintaining a network of 57 hydrometric Stations. From these we collect information
on water level. 52 stations are fully operational, 2 are partially operated and 3 are non operational.
However in the last Annual hydrological report it was reported that, there was a total of 66
hydrometric stations. This number has reduced by 9 due to the fact that there are some stations
which has been closed due to the following reasons:
 Were special stations for special projects
 Inaccessible due to expansion of the National Park
 Combining of the stations after confluence
The temporal coverage of river gauging stations is shown on table 2.3 while the spatial coverage
of stations is shown in Figure 3. Also a list of Hydrometric stations and its status is shown in table
2.3
Page: 9
Table 2.3
S/
No
1
Stn
code
1K3B
List of Hydrometric Stations
River
Rufiji
Location
Ga
uge
ran
ge(
m)
Stiegler's Gorge
Latitude
D M
S
Longitude
D
M
2
1K4A
Rufiji
D/S Utete
0-8
8
0
0
38
3
1KA2A
Iringa Ndiuka
0-5
7
47
1KA3A
Kidatu
0-6
7
11
0
2
0
35
4
37
0
5
1KA4A
Little Ruaha
Great
Ruaha
Great
Ruaha
Great
Ruaha
Msosa
0-8
Trace
0-8
7
7
3
8
36
Chimala
Great
Ruaha
Chitekelo
0-3
8
55
0
33
Salimwani
0-5
8
54
0
37
6
1KA5A
7
1KA7A
8
1KA8A
9
Kimani
Great North Road
0-4
9
51
0
34
Mbarali
Igawa
0-4
8
47
0
34
Ndembera
Ilongo
0-3
8
17
35
Lunwa
Igurusi
0-2
8
52
0
1
9
13
1KA9
1KA11
A
1KA15
A
1KA16
A
1KA21
A
Little Ruaha
Ihimbu
0-5
7
53
0
35
14
1KA22
8
1
0
35
1KA27
Mtitu
Hausmanns
Bridge Mkupule
0-2
15
Mtitu
Great
Ruaha
0-6
8
0
0
34
16
1KA31
1KA32
A
1KA33
B
1KA37
A
1KA38
A
Little Ruaha
Mawande
0-6
7
30
0
35
Little Ruaha
Makalala
0-3
8
20
0
35
Ndembera
Madibira
0-4
8
14
0
34
Lukosi
0-5
7
34
0
36
Yovi
Mtandika
Great
Ruaha
Confluence
0-6
7
34
0
Kisigo
Ilangali
0-7
6
18
0
Kizigo
Chinugulu
Great
North
Road
0-8
0-3
8
49
0-3
8
Urobo
Wilima
Great
Road
0-3
Mwega
Malolo
27
1KA41
1KA42
A
1KA45
A
1KA50
B
1KA51
A
1KA57
A
1KA58
A
28
1KA59
Chabi
Great
Ruaha
29
1KA62
30
1KA66
11
12
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Ipatagwa
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
5
0
both
Operational
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
S
5
5
8
0
both
To be rehabilitated
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational
0
both
Operational
0
4
0
4
4
both
Operational
manual
Operational
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
manual
To be rehabilitated
0
both
Operational
0
both
To be rehabilitated
0
both
Operational
0
both
Operational
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational
36
7
1
1
2
2
1
2
5
0
4
8
4
7
3
5
3
0
2
0
4
8
2
6
4
7
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
35
5
0
manual
Operational
33
33
47
0
3
1
8
49
0
33
0-3
7
24
0
36
Chabi
0-4
7
23
0
36
Msembe
0-6
7
45
0
34
Bubu
Chiboli
0-5
6
47
35
Mlowo
Ilongo
0-4
8
46
0
2
6
Mswiswi
Remarks
0-8
4
5
4
3
10
Station
Type
(Auto/M
anual
33
North
33
Page: 10
4
0
4
6
4
0
3
6
3
2
5
4
4
6
4
1
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational
0
5
4
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
31
1KA68
A
32
1KA71
Kioga
Great
Ruaha
Itipingi
0-3
Nyaluhanga
7
8
33
1KA73
Mtera Dam
Mtera
0-6
010
34
1KB2A
Kilombero
Ifakara Ferry
0-8
8
11
35
1KB4A
Kilombero
Ifwema
0-8
8
54
36
1KB8B
Mpanga
Mpanga Mission
0-6
8
56
37
Mnyera
U/S Taveta Miss
0-6
9
1
Mchilipa
U/S Itete
0-4
8
39
Lumemo
Kiburubutu
0-6
8
0
Mgeta
U/S Bridge
0-5
8
20
Furua
Malinyi Mission
0-6
8
Kilombero
0-8
Ruhudji
Swero
Below
Falls
44
1KB9
1KB12
A
1KB14
A
1KB15
A
1KB16
C
1KB17
A
1KB18
B
1KB19
A
Hagafiro
45
1KB23
46
1
5
3
5
1
4
2
1
6
35
36
35
35
35
57
0
4
0
4
4
1
0
1
6
8
12
0
37
0-4
9
17
34
Hagafiro
0-4
9
23
0
4
5
Sonjo
Sonjo
0-4
7
48
36
Sanje
Sanje
0-4
7
36
47
1KB24
1KB26
B
Kiberege
Kiberege U/S
0-4
7
56
48
1KB27
Ruipa
Mbingu
0-7
8
14
49
1KB29
8
34
1KB31
Luhombero
Lugema(Mshong
o)
0-5
50
Luhombero
KigogoRuaha
0
1
2
5
6
1
4
6
4
0-7
8
46
35
51
1KB32
Kihansi
0-5
8
32
52
1KB33
Kihansi
Lutaki
Below
Kihansi
Dam road bridge
Kihansi Dam road
bridge
0
4
9
34
1
9
Mbuga
Below LuweguMbarang’andu
conf
0-5
Malamba
TAZARA Railway
bridge
0-4
38
39
40
41
42
43
53
1KB34
Kihansi
54
1KB35
Luhombero
55
1KC3
Luwegu
56
1KA75
Gwiri
57
1KB35
Kihansi
36
36
36
36
Kifung'a
34
36
36
36
37
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
both
Operational
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
2
2
2
6
1
0
5
9
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational
0
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
4
0
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
8
2
7
2
2
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
0
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
1
both
Operational
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
manual
Operational
manual
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
both
To be rehabilitated
manual
To be shifted
both
Operational; rating equation to be carribrated
5
9
1
4
4
1
5
6
4
8
3
1
2
5
3
9
3
3
2
6
4
6
5
1
1
0
5
0
4
9
5
8
5
4
5
1
1
7
35
7
2
0
5
1
35
5
1
0-4
0-1
0-5
0-6
8
8
8
55
3
2
37
8
8
5
37
1
8
5
9
35
5
2
1
6
Page: 11
Figure 3: Hydrometric stations in Rufiji basin
Page: 12
3.0 HYDROLOGY OF THE BASIN AND THE CURRENT STATUS
3.1 Climate
The climate of the basin is generally tropical and differs from the coast to the highlands in the
upper parts of the catchments. The office is running few hydrometeological stations as indicated
in table 2.1 and 2.2.The figure 4 below indicates the rainfall trend in the basin
Figure4: Rainfall
status
Comparison of 2012/2013 Annual Rainfall against Long term Average Rainfall (MAR)
Table 3
Station
Uhafiwa
Iringa Maji
Msembe
Annual
rainfall (mm)
Long term Average
Rainfall (MAR) mm
Percentage change
(%)
2559.5
2100.2
121.9
741.9
445.4
697.4
503.7
106.4
88.4
Page: 13
It has been noted that, the stations within Great Ruaha sub basin eg Msembe and Iringa Maji
received less rainfall compared to station in Kilombero sub basin i.e. Uhafiwa. This difference is
due to uneven distribution of rainfall which normally occurs within the basin. Also basing on table
3 which shows the comparison between 2012/2013 Annual Rainfall and the Long term Annual
Rainfall it was noted that the percentage change for Uhafiwa met is above 120 which indicates that
this was the wet year. On other hand the percentage change for Iringa and Msembe mets are 106.4
and 88.4 respectively which shows that, this was the average year. Therefore, rainfall in this year
was unequally distributed in basin and it was concluded that the year was average in Great Ruaha
Catchment and wet in Kilombero catchment
3.2 River flows
Drainage pattern of the basin comprises several tributaries including Great Ruaha Mlombiji,
kimani, Mbarali, Chimala, Kioga, Halali, Ndembera, Little Ruaha, Mswiswi, Kisigo, Bubu, Fufu,
Lunwa, Mwega,Lukosi,Yovi,Umrobo,Ipatagwa,Mlowo. The main tributaries of Kilombero River
are Ruhiji, Kigogo, Lidete, Mnyera, Mpanga, Furua, Sofi, Mchilipa, Luri, Kihansi, Mgeta, Ruipa,
Lumemo, Msolwa, Luhombero, Hagafiro. On the other hand the main tributaries of Luwegu are
Mbarangandu and Luwegu. The Rufiji River is formed from the junction of Luwegu and
kilombero Rivers at Shuguli Falls to the Indian Ocean distance of about 348 Kilometres. The
Great Ruaha joins the Rufiji River at about 254 Kilometres from the Ocean. Flow data are shown
in Annex 2
Figure 5. Water situation in some of Rivers
Page: 14
Graphical presentation above stipulates that, the flow of the river is improving if compared with
the two past years; this year seems to have more flows in some of the rivers than the others. It has
noted that economic activities have increased hence decreases the flows downstream to the dam.
From the station of Great Ruaha River at Msembe it was noted that, the drying period has been
reduced from 39 day in last hydrological year to 10 days in this hydrological year. This shows
how flow has been improved in some of the rivers.
3.3 Water Storage
There are three major reservoirs in the basin which are Mtera and Kidatu in the Great Ruaha and
Lower Kihansi in the Kilombero. Data which are collected includes, Water level, turbine discharge
and inflows. Storage capacities and areal coverage of each reservoir are determined from
established storage equations of each reservoir.
Figure 6.1
Page: 15
Figure 6.2
It has been noted that there was a decrease in Mtera dam water level. For example The Annual
long term Average water level was 694.40m and The average year water level was 689.34m. this
situation is not good as the full dam water level is 698.50m. Currently the dam has been operated
under dead storage which is 690.00m amsl since 24/08/2013 up to now. This situation is a result of
decreased rainfall and human activities upstream of the dam. This trend has created an alarming
situation on the future socio economic activities within the basin and National in large. Also in
kidatu water level has been decreasing depending on the decrease of outflow from Mtera dam as
well as decreased flows from Lukosi, Yovi and Mwega Rivers.
In Kihansi dam also water has noted to be decreasing. Fore stance, 0n 11/10/2013 water level
recorder was 1142.50, this amount is less if compared to the Longterm average for October which
is 1143.47See Annex 3
Page: 16
4.0 GENERAL REMARKS AND WAY FOWARD
This hydrological report covers a number of water management issues in the Rufiji Basin.
Information on hydrometry and hydrometeorology monitoring has been provided. However in the
next financial year it has been planned to conducting an exercise of reviewing the rating curves of
the stations. Data have been provided for only operational long term record stations. The office
has rehabilitated the existing stations and construction of new stations, this will enable the good
preparation of the next year hydrological report as there will be enough data for reporting
Also it is planned to carry out intensive rating review during the wet season. This will also
improve the available data as well as the reporting of the next Annual Hydrological report.
Also the development of an Integrated Water Resources Management Plan is on progress. We
think that, this plan will be the solution to many challenges we are facing in managing water
resources. Also studies for Ndembera dam is on progress. This dam is very important as it will be
used to regulate flow of the Great Ruaha River during the dry season.
Page: 17
5.0 ANNEXES
Annex 1. Rainfall data
Annex 2. Flow data
Annex 3. Dam levels
Page: 18
Annex 1: Rainfall data for hydrological year 20011/2012in mm
Date
Msembe
Iringa Maji
Uhafiwa
Nov
55.7
73.3
78.6
Dec
119.6
189.9
181.3
Jan
240.1
209.6
13.1
Feb
59.7
146.2
10.3
Mar
74.3
121.9
27.2
Apr
71.3
103
22.2
May
0
0
Jun
0
0
0.3
Jul
0
0
0.7
Aug
0
0.5
1.3
Sep
0
0
0.2
Oct
0
0
2.5
Page: 19
Annex 2: Flow data from manual readings for hydrological year 20012/2013 in m3/s
Date
1-Nov-12
2-Nov-12
3-Nov-12
4-Nov-12
5-Nov-12
6-Nov-12
7-Nov-12
8-Nov-12
9-Nov-12
10-Nov-12
11-Nov-12
12-Nov-12
13-Nov-12
14-Nov-12
15-Nov-12
16-Nov-12
17-Nov-12
18-Nov-12
19-Nov-12
20-Nov-12
21-Nov-12
22-Nov-12
23-Nov-12
24-Nov-12
25-Nov-12
26-Nov-12
27-Nov-12
28-Nov-12
29-Nov-12
30-Nov-12
1-Dec-12
2-Dec-12
3-Dec-12
4-Dec-12
5-Dec-12
6-Dec-12
7-Dec-12
8-Dec-12
9-Dec-12
10-Dec-12
11-Dec-12
12-Dec-12
13-Dec-12
14-Dec-12
15-Dec-12
16-Dec-12
LR_Mawande
3.396
2.791
3.12
2.754
4.913
6.704
6.704
6.946
6.789
5.213
4.846
4.329
2.996
2.83
2.736
2.83
6.068
2.863
3.412
3.353
3.25
2.798
2.629
2.979
3.146
4.171
4.991
4.359
4.109
5.008
4.909
5.063
4.904
4.785
4.425
3.296
3.04
3.689
3.336
3.373
10.939
11.501
15.862
13.456
11.058
7.985
Kihansi_Lutaki
6.6
8.469
10.212
9.564
8.121
7.781
6.919
6.737
6.9
6.37
6.277
6.092
5.997
5.974
5.808
5.852
5.895
5.888
5.734
5.623
5.708
5.516
6.415
6.813
5.919
5.669
5.52
5.557
6.372
6.784
7.569
6.537
6.129
6.109
5.776
5.676
5.687
6.423
6.479
6.238
6.502
7.444
10.238
13.035
12.065
9.127
LR_Makalala
0.261
0.298
0.339
0.355
0.343
0.331
0.324
0.319
0.31
0.299
0.293
0.291
0.266
0.207
0.196
0.187
0.175
0.16
0.148
0.142
0.157
0.221
0.306
0.427
0.434
0.471
0.518
0.544
0.544
0.491
0.445
0.414
0.387
0.327
0.245
0.24
0.257
0.185
0.175
0.183
0.53
0.947
1.252
1.269
1.55
1.846
Page: 20
LR_Ndiuka
5.523
5.38
5.309
5.054
3.801
3.004
2.524
2.263
2.045
1.252
1.348
1.173
1.989
3.71
5.041
3.933
3.2
2.727
2.333
2.277
2.308
2.217
1.934
1.881
1.876
1.699
1.548
1.508
1.446
1.504
2.465
3.682
5.15
6.783
9.081
8.787
GR_Msembe
0.192
0.203
0.18
0.147
0.108
0.078
0.062
0.052
0.046
0.04
0.035
0.029
0.024
0.02
0.016
0.013
0.007
0.005
0.003
0.001
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.543
0.486
0.408
0.388
0.319
0.302
Date
17-Dec-12
18-Dec-12
19-Dec-12
20-Dec-12
21-Dec-12
22-Dec-12
23-Dec-12
24-Dec-12
25-Dec-12
26-Dec-12
27-Dec-12
28-Dec-12
29-Dec-12
30-Dec-12
31-Dec-12
1-Jan-13
2-Jan-13
3-Jan-13
4-Jan-13
5-Jan-13
6-Jan-13
7-Jan-13
8-Jan-13
9-Jan-13
10-Jan-13
11-Jan-13
12-Jan-13
13-Jan-13
14-Jan-13
15-Jan-13
16-Jan-13
17-Jan-13
18-Jan-13
19-Jan-13
20-Jan-13
21-Jan-13
22-Jan-13
23-Jan-13
24-Jan-13
25-Jan-13
26-Jan-13
27-Jan-13
28-Jan-13
29-Jan-13
30-Jan-13
31-Jan-13
1-Feb-13
LR_Mawande
3.707
0.344
4.64
6.564
5.594
10.462
10.151
10.073
10.782
12.763
11.448
9.314
12.508
9.123
8.691
Kihansi_Lutaki
9.612
8.446
6.611
5.965
5.938
6.92
7.274
6.532
6.441
6.141
5.97
5.625
5.555
5.915
5.945
5.959
5.824
6.86
7.735
6.726
7.207
8.741
9.351
10.227
11.82
12.562
14.468
14.791
14.931
12.147
9.249
10.271
11.985
12.614
12.238
13.112
10.954
10.1
16.12
12.585
10.789
10.927
13.291
15.598
15.715
15.963
12.688
LR_Makalala
2.076
2.167
2.341
2.47
2.471
2.422
2.539
2.748
2.574
2.563
2.563
2.566
2.578
2.666
2.505
2.314
2.008
1.936
1.868
1.751
1.639
1.574
1.513
1.485
1.457
1.43
1.5
1.843
1.996
1.989
1.959
1.919
1.875
2.223
2.7
2.677
2.66
2.625
2.742
2.909
3.157
3.317
3.331
3.334
3.383
3.445
3.496
Page: 21
LR_Ndiuka
8.453
9.519
9.697
9.81
8.609
11.562
10.215
12.398
11.936
10.748
9.534
9.888
10.876
9.208
8.777
4.703
5.619
5.957
5.982
8.837
6.818
6.665
6.618
6.577
6.509
5.84
5.76
5.798
7.084
6.406
6.129
6.081
6.018
5.916
5.578
5.283
5.553
6.641
6.323
5.602
5.395
5.318
5.784
7.948
6.692
6.836
9.715
GR_Msembe
0.29
0.345
0.308
0.296
0.24
0.26
0.257
0.242
0.227
0.212
0.2
0.19
0.179
0.17
0.17
1.402
3.07
3.681
3.866
13.199
5.839
5.385
5.262
5.154
4.984
3.437
3.268
3.355
6.628
4.761
4.059
3.951
3.811
3.591
2.913
2.402
3.142
5.323
4.525
2.964
2.576
2.442
3.592
11.072
5.457
5.919
17.452
Date
2-Feb-13
3-Feb-13
4-Feb-13
5-Feb-13
6-Feb-13
7-Feb-13
8-Feb-13
9-Feb-13
10-Feb-13
11-Feb-13
12-Feb-13
13-Feb-13
14-Feb-13
15-Feb-13
16-Feb-13
17-Feb-13
18-Feb-13
19-Feb-13
20-Feb-13
21-Feb-13
22-Feb-13
23-Feb-13
24-Feb-13
25-Feb-13
26-Feb-13
27-Feb-13
28-Feb-13
1-Mar-13
2-Mar-13
3-Mar-13
4-Mar-13
5-Mar-13
6-Mar-13
7-Mar-13
8-Mar-13
9-Mar-13
10-Mar-13
11-Mar-13
12-Mar-13
13-Mar-13
14-Mar-13
15-Mar-13
16-Mar-13
17-Mar-13
18-Mar-13
19-Mar-13
20-Mar-13
LR_Mawande
16.716
21.92
19.398
18.704
18.281
17.595
18.891
19.688
21.825
20.621
20.938
23.127
29.2
27.927
24.445
22.084
29.421
25.161
33.965
28.913
Kihansi_Lutaki
12.293
11.282
11.158
11.342
10.437
9.616
8.711
8.297
9.012
8.793
7.936
7.79
8.515
9.638
9.449
12.302
11.192
10.828
12.679
11.225
9.625
9.069
9.645
10.156
10.612
9.948
9.044
9.024
9.264
8.908
9.596
11.132
14.135
12.596
12.653
11.79
17.783
26.281
17.086
16.094
15.5
23.726
31.701
24.668
24.072
22.445
22.351
LR_Makalala
3.413
3.268
3.44
4.3
4.57
4.376
4.009
3.766
3.64
3.527
3.648
4.06
4.029
3.982
4.007
4.081
3.988
3.892
3.878
3.762
3.704
3.577
4.157
5.417
5.835
6.214
6.378
7.026
6.717
5.728
5.207
4.66
4.222
4.062
4.075
4.151
4.702
6.109
5.659
5.289
5.638
6.011
5.836
5.845
5.879
6.2
6.445
Page: 22
LR_Ndiuka
9.909
6.915
7.943
8.112
8.062
7.82
6.702
5.677
5.59
5.536
5.413
5.321
5.252
5.152
5.095
5.069
5.059
5.077
5.597
5.387
5.377
5.501
5.817
5.198
4.816
4.942
5.972
19.863
21.33
20.886
20.303
18.889
17.847
16.701
36.331
38.387
42.602
44.537
43.297
43.724
43.2
41.019
40.247
37.884
35.386
40.185
37.379
GR_Msembe
18.343
6.2
9.437
10.029
9.842
8.977
5.518
3.112
2.933
2.833
2.61
2.447
2.332
2.166
2.077
2.036
2.021
2.063
3.013
2.562
2.544
2.767
3.454
2.263
1.668
1.847
2.102
2.156
2.075
2.1
2.032
1.924
1.869
1.828
1.784
2.183
2.428
4.812
7.964
6.53
6.437
7.13
7.308
7.171
6.898
6.678
6.534
Date
21-Mar-13
22-Mar-13
23-Mar-13
24-Mar-13
25-Mar-13
26-Mar-13
27-Mar-13
28-Mar-13
29-Mar-13
30-Mar-13
31-Mar-13
1-Apr-13
2-Apr-13
3-Apr-13
4-Apr-13
5-Apr-13
6-Apr-13
7-Apr-13
8-Apr-13
9-Apr-13
10-Apr-13
11-Apr-13
12-Apr-13
13-Apr-13
14-Apr-13
15-Apr-13
16-Apr-13
17-Apr-13
18-Apr-13
19-Apr-13
20-Apr-13
21-Apr-13
22-Apr-13
23-Apr-13
24-Apr-13
25-Apr-13
26-Apr-13
27-Apr-13
28-Apr-13
29-Apr-13
30-Apr-13
1-May-13
2-May-13
3-May-13
4-May-13
5-May-13
6-May-13
LR_Mawande
38.028
21.641
44.038
36.871
43.956
57.587
62.16
63.951
61.992
62.224
55.097
50.276
67.586
54.448
60.576
72.778
79.401
68.032
64.908
62.56
73.237
81.05
86.235
90.293
84.907
83.97
84.593
80.578
68.805
67.962
65.285
63.636
63.259
61.367
60.26
58.784
57.727
57.611
58.232
55.867
54.494
57.903
41.39
22.404
18.785
18.292
18.437
Kihansi_Lutaki
40.272
32.426
39.319
32.053
30.699
28.348
28.804
29.954
36.106
31.472
35
32.915
28.912
23.792
23.986
23.599
24.021
31.476
28.327
25.189
24.139
45.26
38.576
35.617
40.503
37.23
32.579
27.256
23.743
29.769
12.158
23.528
23.531
24.328
24.952
29.25
28.984
24.284
23.524
23.308
23.536
36.12
35.375
30.929
32.037
34.58
31.589
LR_Makalala
7.353
7.686
5.816
5.476
6.927
6.581
6.546
6.627
6.564
6.636
6.519
6.072
5.766
5.767
6.41
6.691
6.579
5.926
5.851
6.225
6.345
6.933
7.733
7.606
7.392
7.183
7.119
7.415
7.911
8.615
8.017
7.167
6.602
6.135
5.764
5.588
5.466
5.367
5.213
5.023
4.864
4.737
4.603
4.535
4.458
4.419
4.389
Page: 23
LR_Ndiuka
40.229
46.576
50.289
47.983
45.524
44.561
42.421
39.631
38.903
38.684
38.58
39.376
39.411
39.33
39.679
42.56
43.283
43.247
42.884
48.734
48.155
43.575
42.501
39.771
39.157
38.649
37.266
35.851
34.495
33.321
33.885
32.587
31.053
29.981
28.758
28.705
28.779
28.379
27.771
26.743
26.397
25.359
24.609
24.277
24.117
23.946
23.866
GR_Msembe
6.766
7.258
10.217
10.3
9.059
6.921
6.08
5.471
5.351
5.206
5.97
24.266
27.503
27.483
27.785
31.275
33.512
35.627
35.533
40.615
44.671
44.918
45.622
46.342
47.049
47.665
46.783
46.403
46.158
47.755
48.773
49.329
49.365
48.837
48.982
48.077
47.539
47.191
46.906
46.729
46.086
45.648
45.221
44.892
44.521
43.836
42.98
Date
7-May-13
8-May-13
9-May-13
10-May-13
11-May-13
12-May-13
13-May-13
14-May-13
15-May-13
16-May-13
17-May-13
18-May-13
19-May-13
20-May-13
21-May-13
22-May-13
23-May-13
24-May-13
25-May-13
26-May-13
27-May-13
28-May-13
29-May-13
30-May-13
31-May-13
1-Jun-13
2-Jun-13
3-Jun-13
4-Jun-13
5-Jun-13
6-Jun-13
7-Jun-13
8-Jun-13
9-Jun-13
10-Jun-13
11-Jun-13
12-Jun-13
13-Jun-13
14-Jun-13
15-Jun-13
16-Jun-13
17-Jun-13
18-Jun-13
19-Jun-13
20-Jun-13
21-Jun-13
22-Jun-13
LR_Mawande
18.222
17.827
17.504
17.072
17.037
16.762
16.581
16.221
15.852
15.769
15.725
15.664
15.498
15.375
15.313
15.14
15.082
14.994
14.662
14.388
14.291
14.175
14.136
13.934
13.665
13.557
13.45
13.286
13.225
13.044
12.749
12.822
12.849
13.608
12.747
12.145
11.644
11.483
11.081
10.829
10.706
10.617
10.679
10.635
10.585
10.318
10.228
Kihansi_Lutaki
29.956
27.565
23.82
24.103
23.674
23.889
25.572
23.674
23.524
23.436
23.06
22.706
22.95
23.257
22.482
21.704
21.894
21.025
20.854
20.782
20.432
19.918
19.915
19.443
18.952
18.744
18.369
18.293
18.185
17.753
17.366
16.976
14.502
14.834
16.855
16.465
16.369
16.21
16.343
16.239
16.053
15.982
15.893
15.765
15.713
15.606
15.481
LR_Makalala
4.722
4.677
4.933
4.952
4.851
4.756
4.711
4.694
4.658
4.595
Page: 24
2.402
2.372
2.344
2.319
2.295
2.262
LR_Ndiuka
23.846
23.627
24.207
23.106
21.475
21.349
21.339
21.194
20.877
20.359
20.045
19.545
18.45
18.2
18.432
18.311
17.887
17.576
17.23
16.922
16.714
16.427
15.918
15.459
15.362
15.143
14.881
14.855
14.474
14.232
13.788
13.567
13.347
12.911
12.752
12.57
12.495
12.429
12.421
10.57
11.848
11.896
11.587
11.385
11.265
11.241
11.009
GR_Msembe
42.241
41.767
40.895
40.283
39.717
39.06
38.528
37.238
36.78
35.373
35.006
34.544
34.101
33.429
33.515
33.036
32.14
31.238
30.208
29.073
28.171
26.565
25.958
25.366
24.715
24.087
22.63
21.98
21.522
21.124
20.639
19.724
18.965
17.825
17.517
17.036
16.623
16.172
15.73
14.776
14.327
13.894
13.529
13.099
12.895
12.506
12.18
Date
23-Jun-13
24-Jun-13
25-Jun-13
26-Jun-13
27-Jun-13
28-Jun-13
29-Jun-13
30-Jun-13
1-Jul-13
2-Jul-13
3-Jul-13
4-Jul-13
5-Jul-13
6-Jul-13
7-Jul-13
8-Jul-13
9-Jul-13
10-Jul-13
11-Jul-13
12-Jul-13
13-Jul-13
14-Jul-13
15-Jul-13
16-Jul-13
17-Jul-13
18-Jul-13
19-Jul-13
20-Jul-13
21-Jul-13
22-Jul-13
23-Jul-13
24-Jul-13
25-Jul-13
26-Jul-13
27-Jul-13
28-Jul-13
29-Jul-13
30-Jul-13
31-Jul-13
1-Aug-13
2-Aug-13
3-Aug-13
4-Aug-13
5-Aug-13
6-Aug-13
7-Aug-13
8-Aug-13
LR_Mawande
10.106
10.161
10.275
10.498
10.324
10.254
10.097
9.747
9.501
9.381
9.049
8.946
8.907
8.896
8.743
8.806
9.035
9.092
9.034
8.946
8.904
8.806
8.753
8.717
8.67
8.717
8.753
8.716
8.407
8.385
8.355
8.373
8.226
8.308
8.197
8.021
8.02
8.351
8.733
8.666
8.666
8.694
8.396
8.195
8.118
8.07
8.008
Kihansi_Lutaki
15.535
15.701
15.524
15.362
15.248
15.015
14.806
14.818
14.602
14.513
14.423
14.388
14.358
14.354
14.324
14.277
14.029
14.037
13.982
13.586
13.745
13.727
13.664
13.546
13.457
13.452
13.452
13.45
13.419
13.356
13.239
13.148
13.087
13.044
12.976
12.669
12.459
12.705
12.761
13.234
13.171
13.097
13.354
13.196
12.874
12.634
12.428
LR_Makalala
2.225
2.21
2.2
2.187
2.162
2.143
2.121
2.098
2.071
2.055
2.036
2.011
1.987
1.97
1.955
1.906
1.895
1.866
1.841
1.802
1.809
1.759
1.741
1.716
1.693
1.597
1.624
1.585
1.565
1.546
1.522
1.502
1.494
1.481
1.457
1.451
1.451
1.445
1.434
1.424
1.422
1.421
1.418
1.422
1.43
1.42
1.414
Page: 25
LR_Ndiuka
10.882
10.898
11.233
11.249
11.065
10.874
10.747
10.44
10.236
10.119
10.003
9.933
9.81
9.74
9.633
9.61
9.373
9.093
9.018
8.958
8.905
8.838
8.719
8.652
8.541
8.43
8.422
8.364
8.297
8.188
8.078
7.962
7.94
7.846
7.832
7.731
7.666
7.609
7.595
7.509
7.666
7.731
7.839
7.94
7.846
7.832
7.731
GR_Msembe
11.846
11.214
10.968
10.686
10.317
9.986
9.582
8.977
8.757
8.496
8.237
8.001
7.704
7.393
7.146
6.939
6.681
6.457
6.235
6.091
5.953
5.805
5.592
5.448
5.358
5.249
5.138
5.084
4.977
4.887
4.817
4.651
4.487
4.304
4.186
3.992
3.81
3.667
3.586
3.521
3.46
3.374
3.297
3.257
3.195
3.119
3.095
Date
9-Aug-13
10-Aug-13
11-Aug-13
12-Aug-13
13-Aug-13
14-Aug-13
15-Aug-13
16-Aug-13
17-Aug-13
18-Aug-13
19-Aug-13
20-Aug-13
21-Aug-13
22-Aug-13
23-Aug-13
24-Aug-13
25-Aug-13
26-Aug-13
27-Aug-13
28-Aug-13
29-Aug-13
30-Aug-13
31-Aug-13
1-Sep-13
2-Sep-13
3-Sep-13
4-Sep-13
5-Sep-13
6-Sep-13
7-Sep-13
8-Sep-13
9-Sep-13
10-Sep-13
11-Sep-13
12-Sep-13
13-Sep-13
14-Sep-13
15-Sep-13
16-Sep-13
17-Sep-13
18-Sep-13
19-Sep-13
20-Sep-13
21-Sep-13
22-Sep-13
23-Sep-13
24-Sep-13
LR_Mawande
7.986
7.956
8.054
8.068
8.121
8.106
8.031
7.999
7.854
7.814
7.802
8.006
7.983
7.742
7.402
7.216
7.069
6.988
6.928
6.793
6.685
6.685
6.685
6.685
6.685
6.685
6.585
5.224
5.128
5.101
5.074
5.101
5.128
5.009
4.82
4.812
4.786
4.758
4.678
3.8
3.72
3.618
3.59
3.581
3.738
4.156
4.337
Kihansi_Lutaki
12.26
12.199
11.994
11.909
11.942
11.936
11.566
11.575
11.416
11.364
11.117
11.255
11.161
11.279
11.288
11.096
11.165
11.288
11.057
11.052
11.05
11.013
10.983
10.947
10.875
10.457
10.503
10.44
10.414
10.363
10.283
10.116
10.251
10.256
10.482
10.147
9.961
9.851
9.692
9.958
9.75
9.672
9.573
9.508
9.971
9.727
9.69
LR_Makalala
1.406
1.386
1.375
1.363
1.348
1.335
1.32
1.307
1.291
1.276
1.238
1.21
1.202
1.192
1.169
1.147
1.129
1.11
1.088
1.064
1.066
1.045
1.028
1.011
0.988
0.968
0.947
0.933
0.93
0.921
0.904
0.891
0.875
0.865
0.862
0.859
0.85
0.829
0.81
0.799
0.786
0.769
0.747
0.739
0.731
0.721
0.715
Page: 26
LR_Ndiuka
7.666
7.545
7.445
7.431
7.268
7.106
7.029
6.82
6.613
6.545
6.429
6.388
6.49
6.49
6.477
6.286
6.273
6.219
6.158
6.051
5.851
5.686
5.536
5.523
5.419
5.181
5.06
4.87
4.757
4.621
4.615
4.615
4.615
4.596
4.333
4.224
4.134
4.08
4.021
3.85
3.756
3.698
3.566
3.48
3.474
3.429
3.384
GR_Msembe
2.967
2.858
2.761
2.667
2.062
2.387
2.438
2.407
2.372
2.338
2.315
2.286
2.252
2.216
2.192
2.164
2.137
2.106
2.084
2.063
2.048
2.047
2.046
2.028
1.947
1.893
1.858
1.833
1.804
1.784
1.756
1.727
1.704
1.689
1.658
1.635
1.617
1.599
1.58
1.537
1.393
1.372
1.356
1.336
1.307
1.264
1.238
Date
25-Sep-13
26-Sep-13
27-Sep-13
28-Sep-13
29-Sep-13
30-Sep-13
1-Oct-13
2-Oct-13
3-Oct-13
4-Oct-13
5-Oct-13
6-Oct-13
7-Oct-13
8-Oct-13
9-Oct-13
10-Oct-13
11-Oct-13
12-Oct-13
13-Oct-13
14-Oct-13
15-Oct-13
16-Oct-13
17-Oct-13
18-Oct-13
19-Oct-13
20-Oct-13
21-Oct-13
22-Oct-13
23-Oct-13
24-Oct-13
25-Oct-13
26-Oct-13
27-Oct-13
28-Oct-13
29-Oct-13
30-Oct-13
31-Oct-13
LR_Mawande
4.56
5.045
4.819
4.852
4.919
5.115
5.128
5.101
5.071
4.678
4.908
4.872
4.943
4.405
3.726
3.694
3.67
3.635
4.202
4.163
4.048
3.938
3.73
3.594
3.549
3.499
3.587
3.665
3.526
2.842
2.882
2.872
2.792
2.765
2.725
2.581
2.561
Kihansi_Lutaki
9.684
9.522
9.254
9.224
9.083
8.904
9.286
10.57
14.856
15.056
13.586
12.831
11.839
11.404
10.249
10.093
9.87
9.652
9.488
9.318
9.115
8.928
8.658
8.576
8.461
8.7
8.586
8.389
8.224
8.231
7.971
8.105
8.142
8.118
8.105
7.924
8.211
LR_Makalala
0.707
0.696
0.684
0.674
0.658
0.65
0.674
0.651
0.628
0.629
0.628
0.622
0.615
0.612
0.599
0.589
0.574
0.568
0.567
0.552
0.562
0.558
0.561
0.555
0.557
0.558
0.55
0.539
0.524
0.507
0.492
0.474
0.452
0.431
0.402
0.378
0.361
Page: 27
LR_Ndiuka
3.384
3.372
3.21
3.077
2.985
2.936
2.86
2.849
2.774
3.003
3.509
3.652
3.658
3.532
3.418
3.249
3.16
3.072
2.936
2.722
2.512
2.277
2.123
2.108
2.04
2.03
1.96
1.895
1.915
1.82
1.661
1.652
1.593
1.648
1.589
1.584
1.548
GR_Msembe
1.199
1.136
1.085
1.03
0.963
0.91
0.833
0.78
0.738
0.701
0.674
0.651
0.633
0.614
0.597
0.585
0.567
0.555
0.54
0.528
0.502
0.472
0.446
0.402
0.369
0.332
0.137
0.062
0.046
0.035
0.03
0.02
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.006
0.004
Annex 3: Dam level data for hydrological year 20012/2013
Water level (m) a.m.s.l.
Date
Mtera
Kidatu
Kihansi
11/1/2012
688.62
441.81
11/2/2012
688.62
440.36
11/3/2012
688.60
440.40
11/4/2012
688.58
440.80
11/5/2012
688.56
441.52
11/6/2012
688.56
442.27
11/7/2012
688.55
441.82
11/8/2012
688.53
441.16
11/9/2012
688.51
440.33
11/10/2012
688.49
439.73
11/11/2012
688.46
436.20
11/12/2012
688.45
438.80
11/13/2012
688.41
438.40
11/14/2012
688.39
440.80
11/15/2012
688.35
440.36
11/16/2012
688.30
440.62
11/17/2012
688.27
441.61
11/18/2012
688.25
442.59
11/19/2012
688.22
443.60
11/20/2012
688.20
443.20
11/21/2012
688.18
442.90
11/22/2012
688.15
442.97
11/23/2012
688.12
443.39
11/24/2012
688.09
443.55
11/25/2012
688.07
444.36
11/26/2012
688.04
445.09
11/27/2012
688.00
445.53
11/28/2012
687.97
444.96
11/29/2012
687.93
444.08
11/30/2012
687.92
444.70
12/1/2012
687.91
445.40
12/2/2012
687.90
445.86
12/3/2012
687.88
445.88
12/4/2012
687.87
445.17
12/5/2012
687.85
444.38
12/6/2012
687.84
444.03
12/7/2012
687.82
443.70
12/8/2012
687.80
443.38
Page: 28
1142.35
1142.90
1143.58
1144.12
1144.86
1144.73
1143.54
1143.54
1142.55
1142.98
1141.81
1142.49
1141.91
1142.42
1142.34
1142.86
1142.86
1143.57
1143.80
1141.90
1142.62
1142.51
1142.93
1143.68
1144.25
1144.75
1144.25
1142.37
1142.64
1144.10
1144.94
1144.91
1144.53
1143.12
1142.76
1143.27
1143.46
1144.10
12/9/2012
12/10/2012
12/11/2012
12/12/2012
12/13/2012
12/14/2012
12/15/2012
12/16/2012
12/17/2012
12/18/2012
12/19/2012
12/20/2012
12/21/2012
12/22/2012
12/23/2012
12/24/2012
12/25/2012
12/26/2012
12/27/2012
12/28/2012
12/29/2012
12/30/2012
12/31/2012
1/1/2013
1/2/2013
1/3/2013
1/4/2013
1/5/2013
1/6/2013
1/7/2013
1/8/2013
1/9/2013
1/10/2013
1/11/2013
1/12/2013
1/13/2013
1/14/2013
1/15/2013
1/16/2013
1/17/2013
1/18/2013
687.79
687.78
687.77
687.79
687.81
687.84
687.84
687.83
687.84
687.83
687.83
687.82
687.80
687.77
687.78
687.77
687.77
687.78
687.78
687.77
687.76
687.76
687.75
687.75
687.76
687.78
687.86
687.93
688.30
688.44
688.58
688.68
688.75
688.83
688.90
688.94
688.98
689.00
688.97
688.96
688.98
443.05
443.07
442.13
441.17
442.85
443.51
445.45
445.03
444.05
444.05
444.33
443.63
443.00
441.47
440.71
441.95
442.34
442.36
442.20
441.86
440.72
441.35
442.48
442.78
442.33
441.42
441.80
442.39
443.60
444.52
445.14
444.81
444.79
444.37
444.91
444.83
445.45
444.91
444.21
444.22
444.50
Page: 29
1144.34
1144.81
1142.50
1142.60
1142.67
1144.38
1145.55
1144.00
1144.81
1142.50
1142.60
1142.67
1144.38
1145.55
1144.00
1144.20
1144.50
1144.90
1144.50
1144.00
1142.80
1143.00
1143.00
1144.20
1144.50
1144.90
1144.50
1144.00
1142.80
1143.90
1143.70
1143.80
1144.10
1144.60
1143.80
1144.50
1144.30
1143.70
1143.30
1144.00
1144.30
1/19/2013
1/20/2013
1/21/2013
1/22/2013
1/23/2013
1/24/2013
1/25/2013
1/26/2013
1/27/2013
1/28/2013
1/29/2013
1/30/2013
1/31/2013
2/1/2013
2/2/2013
2/3/2013
2/4/2013
2/5/2013
2/6/2013
2/7/2013
2/8/2013
2/9/2013
2/10/2013
2/11/2013
2/12/2013
2/13/2013
2/14/2013
2/15/2013
2/16/2013
2/17/2013
2/18/2013
2/19/2013
2/20/2013
2/21/2013
2/22/2013
2/23/2013
2/24/2013
2/25/2013
2/26/2013
2/27/2013
2/28/2013
688.96
688.96
688.95
688.95
688.96
688.96
688.96
688.94
688.93
688.92
688.89
688.88
688.90
688.90
688.93
688.94
688.98
688.99
689.00
689.00
689.00
689.00
689.00
689.00
688.99
688.97
688.97
688.95
688.91
688.89
688.88
688.87
688.84
688.83
688.83
688.82
688.88
688.80
688.79
688.78
688.75
444.30
444.22
444.98
444.35
442.17
440.29
439.02
437.86
439.50
439.84
440.84
441.26
442.35
443.00
442.83
442.83
442.85
442.21
441.98
442.08
441.30
441.40
441.52
441.94
441.21
439.87
441.17
441.07
441.03
441.74
443.42
443.34
442.16
442.50
443.09
442.25
441.77
442.28
440.68
438.72
438.37
Page: 30
1144.80
1144.40
1144.50
1144.00
1142.00
1143.10
1143.56
1142.50
1143.00
1143.60
1145.10
1144.80
1145.30
1144.90
1143.98
1144.00
1144.21
1144.20
1144.88
1144.35
1143.15
1143.00
1143.62
1143.82
1143.41
1143.41
1143.58
1142.52
1142.38
1143.33
1145.55
1143.75
1143.82
1143.45
1143.13
1143.36
1142.62
1144.03
1143.19
1142.74
1142.72
3/1/2013
3/2/2013
3/3/2013
3/4/2013
3/5/2013
3/6/2013
3/7/2013
3/8/2013
3/9/2013
3/10/2013
3/11/2013
3/12/2013
3/13/2013
3/14/2013
3/15/2013
3/16/2013
3/17/2013
3/18/2013
3/19/2013
3/20/2013
3/21/2013
3/22/2013
3/23/2013
3/24/2013
3/25/2013
3/26/2013
3/27/2013
3/28/2013
3/29/2013
3/30/2013
3/31/2013
4/1/2013
4/2/2013
4/3/2013
4/4/2013
4/5/2013
4/6/2013
4/7/2013
4/8/2013
4/9/2013
4/10/2013
688.75
688.72
688.71
688.69
688.68
688.67
688.66
688.65
688.62
688.62
688.62
688.62
688.62
688.66
688.66
688.67
688.68
688.69
688.70
688.70
688.72
688.75
688.80
688.84
689.00
689.05
689.07
689.12
689.15
689.17
689.19
689.20
689.28
689.30
689.31
689.36
689.43
689.47
689.54
689.62
689.68
440.20
440.72
439.75
441.00
442.26
442.18
442.60
442.59
442.82
443.52
444.81
444.39
444.61
445.03
444.27
443.84
444.15
444.90
444.66
444.50
444.25
444.32
444.73
445.39
445.56
445.13
444.72
444.48
444.26
444.19
444.57
445.46
445.42
445.38
444.62
443.93
443.80
443.77
443.98
443.85
443.65
Page: 31
1142.66
1142.45
1143.92
1145.30
1144.45
1145.09
1144.66
1144.24
1144.36
1145.32
1144.90
1143.98
1143.62
1144.22
1145.05
1144.99
1146.00
1145.02
1144.15
1142.80
1146.30
1146.10
1146.20
1143.00
1145.87
1146.10
1146.10
1145.60
1145.78
1144.80
1145.30
1145.53
1146.20
1146.10
1146.10
1146.10
1146.10
1145.10
1146.10
1146.10
1146.00
4/11/2013
4/12/2013
4/13/2013
4/14/2013
4/15/2013
4/16/2013
4/17/2013
4/18/2013
4/19/2013
4/20/2013
4/21/2013
4/22/2013
4/23/2013
4/24/2013
4/25/2013
4/26/2013
4/27/2013
4/28/2013
4/29/2013
4/30/2013
5/1/2013
5/2/2013
5/3/2013
5/4/2013
5/5/2013
5/6/2013
5/7/2013
5/8/2013
5/9/2013
5/10/2013
5/11/2013
5/12/2013
5/13/2013
5/14/2013
5/15/2013
5/16/2013
5/17/2013
5/18/2013
5/19/2013
5/20/2013
5/21/2013
689.79
689.89
689.98
690.07
690.12
690.16
690.20
690.24
690.27
690.30
690.32
690.36
690.37
690.38
690.40
690.42
690.43
690.46
690.51
690.51
690.51
690.51
690.52
690.54
690.56
690.58
690.59
690.59
690.60
690.62
690.63
690.64
690.65
690.67
690.67
690.68
690.68
690.70
443.48
443.78
444.77
446.26
446.59
446.25
445.67
445.39
445.25
444.82
444.59
444.28
443.93
443.92
443.60
443.45
443.38
444.05
444.43
443.74
443.38
444.37
444.43
444.63
445.20
445.37
445.45
445.64
445.73
445.43
445.27
445.11
444.95
444.64
444.52
444.28
444.25
444.52
Page: 32
1146.15
1146.20
1146.20
1145.10
1146.20
1146.10
1146.10
1145.94
1145.70
1146.00
1145.90
1145.75
1145.32
1145.81
1145.87
1146.10
1145.84
1145.57
1445.00
1144.72
1145.53
1146.20
1146.10
1146.10
1146.10
1446.10
1146.10
1146.10
1146.10
1145.82
1146.10
1146.10
1446.10
1146.00
1145.86
1145.30
1144.78
1144.90
1144.72
1145.45
1145.19
5/22/2013
5/23/2013
5/24/2013
5/25/2013
5/26/2013
5/27/2013
5/28/2013
5/29/2013
5/30/2013
5/31/2013
6/1/2013
6/2/2013
6/3/2013
6/4/2013
6/5/2013
6/6/2013
6/7/2013
6/8/2013
6/9/2013
6/10/2013
6/11/2013
6/12/2013
6/13/2013
6/14/2013
6/15/2013
6/16/2013
6/17/2013
6/18/2013
6/19/2013
6/20/2013
6/21/2013
6/22/2013
6/23/2013
6/24/2013
6/25/2013
6/26/2013
6/27/2013
6/28/2013
6/29/2013
6/30/2013
7/1/2013
690.73
690.74
690.76
690.76
690.76
690.75
690.76
690.75
690.75
690.76
690.75
690.76
690.76
690.76
690.77
690.77
690.77
690.77
690.78
690.78
690.78
690.78
690.78
690.78
690.79
690.79
690.79
690.79
690.78
690.76
690.76
690.75
690.75
690.75
690.74
690.72
690.70
690.69
690.68
445.77
445.76
445.53
445.34
444.28
443.70
443.13
444.70
444.81
445.24
445.41
445.41
445.42
445.42
445.47
445.45
445.45
445.42
445.42
445.36
445.30
445.03
445.01
445.03
445.16
445.16
445.00
444.67
444.39
444.12
443.97
444.28
444.28
443.73
443.80
444.24
445.13
445.64
446.38
Page: 33
1144.83
1144.50
1144.68
1144.42
1144.56
1144.94
1144.84
1144.94
1145.61
1145.40
1145.42
1145.41
1146.00
1145.30
1145.00
1145.10
1145.20
1144.80
1144.50
1145.30
1145.80
1145.90
1145.60
1145.90
1144.80
1145.80
1145.90
1145.30
1145.50
1144.90
1145.30
1144.30
1144.70
1145.70
1145.30
1144.40
1145.00
1144.50
1144.60
1145.40
1145.80
7/2/2013
7/3/2013
7/4/2013
7/5/2013
7/6/2013
7/7/2013
7/8/2013
7/9/2013
7/10/2013
7/11/2013
7/12/2013
7/13/2013
7/14/2013
7/15/2013
7/16/2013
7/17/2013
7/18/2013
7/19/2013
7/20/2013
7/21/2013
7/22/2013
7/23/2013
7/24/2013
7/25/2013
7/26/2013
7/27/2013
7/28/2013
7/29/2013
7/30/2013
7/31/2013
8/1/2013
8/2/2013
8/3/2013
8/4/2013
8/5/2013
8/6/2013
8/7/2013
8/8/2013
8/9/2013
8/10/2013
8/11/2013
446.81
446.86
447.26
447.40
447.68
447.97
448.28
448.29
448.12
447.97
448.09
447.45
446.86
446.97
446.11
444.24
443.47
444.43
444.40
445.45
445.87
444.30
443.39
442.57
442.83
442.67
441.66
441.12
440.06
440.07
440.02
440.10
440.24
441.40
442.26
442.54
442.01
440.81
440.14
440.29
440.35
690.67
690.66
690.65
690.64
690.63
690.62
690.62
690.61
690.60
690.59
690.59
690.58
690.58
690.57
690.55
690.49
690.48
690.47
690.46
690.46
690.45
690.45
690.44
690.42
690.41
690.41
690.40
690.38
690.36
690.35
690.34
690.33
690.32
690.30
690.30
690.29
690.27
690.27
690.26
690.26
690.26
Page: 34
1145.60
1145.90
1145.80
1145.40
1144.80
1145.40
1145.80
1145.40
1144.40
1144.00
1143.70
1143.30
1144.20
1144.60
1143.10
1142.80
1143.30
1144.60
1144.80
1145.10
1145.50
1144.50
1143.60
1143.70
1144.00
1144.50
1144.90
1144.90
1143.70
1143.00
1143.70
1143.50
1143.60
1143.70
1145.30
1145.40
1144.70
1143.50
1143.60
1144.50
1144.60
8/12/2013
8/13/2013
8/14/2013
8/15/2013
8/16/2013
8/17/2013
8/18/2013
8/19/2013
8/20/2013
8/21/2013
8/22/2013
8/23/2013
8/24/2013
8/25/2013
8/26/2013
8/27/2013
8/28/2013
8/29/2013
8/30/2013
8/31/2013
9/1/2013
9/2/2013
9/3/2013
9/4/2013
9/5/2013
9/6/2013
9/7/2013
9/8/2013
9/9/2013
9/10/2013
9/11/2013
9/12/2013
9/13/2013
9/14/2013
9/15/2013
9/16/2013
9/17/2013
9/18/2013
9/19/2013
9/20/2013
9/21/2013
690.25
690.24
690.22
690.17
690.13
690.11
690.10
690.09
690.08
690.07
690.06
690.03
690.00
689.98
689.94
689.91
689.88
689.85
689.81
689.79
689.77
689.75
689.74
689.72
689.71
689.69
689.67
689.66
689.65
689.62
689.59
689.58
689.56
689.53
689.52
689.48
689.45
689.43
689.38
689.37
689.35
440.32
438.72
436.26
438.65
441.93
444.27
445.67
446.61
446.77
446.11
444.97
443.34
443.11
444.66
445.93
446.52
446.30
446.50
447.12
447.56
447.62
447.81
447.42
446.71
446.06
445.01
443.74
443.60
443.40
442.58
442.07
443.19
443.24
443.08
443.24
443.96
444.20
444.31
443.90
443.67
443.25
Page: 35
1144.90
1143.00
1143.00
1143.50
1144.50
1144.60
1144.00
1144.50
1143.10
1143.20
1143.40
1143.20
1142.50
1143.70
1144.50
1143.00
1142.60
1143.80
1144.70
1144.50
1144.50
1144.00
1143.60
1143.40
1143.20
1142.40
1143.20
1143.50
1143.80
1143.80
1144.00
1143.90
1143.70
1143.50
1143.60
1144.20
1144.20
1143.50
1143.20
1143.40
1143.30
9/22/2013
9/23/2013
9/24/2013
9/25/2013
9/26/2013
9/27/2013
9/28/2013
9/29/2013
9/30/2013
10/1/2013
10/2/2013
10/3/2013
10/4/2013
10/5/2013
10/6/2013
10/7/2013
10/8/2013
10/9/2013
10/10/2013
10/11/2013
10/12/2013
10/13/2013
10/14/2013
10/15/2013
10/16/2013
10/17/2013
10/18/2013
10/19/2013
10/20/2013
10/21/2013
10/22/2013
10/23/2013
10/24/2013
10/25/2013
10/26/2013
10/27/2013
10/28/2013
10/29/2013
10/30/2013
10/31/2013
689.33
689.32
689.29
689.25
689.21
689.17
689.12
689.07
689.05
689.00
688.99
688.98
688.96
688.96
688.96
688.94
688.93
688.91
688.89
688.86
688.83
688.80
688.78
688.76
688.71
688.71
688.67
688.65
688.61
688.57
688.54
688.5
688.47
688.43
688.41
688.39
688.38
688.35
688.33
688.3
443.18
443.76
442.90
442.12
442.15
443.45
444.48
445.74
447.27
447.64
448.03
448.30
448.52
448.30
448.20
448.07
447.74
447.29
446.90
446.40
446.85
447.34
447.76
448.04
447.60
447.83
447.52
446.94
447.09
447.64
447.68
447.36
447.44
447.49
447.34
447.36
447.56
447.31
446.72
446.53
Page: 36
1143.10
1144.00
1143.00
1143.00
1143.00
1143.00
1143.00
1143.30
1143.80
1144.10
1145.00
1144.70
1145.10
1144.70
1144.90
1144.50
1143.90
1142.70
1142.50